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Panoramic radiographs for investigating skeletal patternsA comparative study 用于骨骼形态研究的全景x线片
Pub Date : 2019-08-24 DOI: 10.31254/dentistry.2019.4207
T. Puri
Introduction: The most commonly used diagnostic aids in orthodontics are lateral cephalograms and panoramic radiographs (OPG). The OPG forms an indispensible orthodontic screening tool in providing information about the teeth, their root length, axial inclinations, morphology and structure, eruption sequence and spatial relationships [1] which is mostly qualitative in nature. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the use of OPG could be extended for evaluating skeletal patterns and dentofacial characteristics which are routinely measured on lateral cephalograms. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 subjects were chosen, they were divided into two groups: Group A and Group B. Group A included 40 skeletal Class I, dental Class I adults with age range of 18-27 years. Group B included 40 skeletal ClassII, dental Class II Div 1 children with age range of 10 -15 years. The lateral cephalogram and OPG were taken under standard conditions using skeletal cephalostat and various parameters were measured and compared. Results and Conclusion: From this study it was concluded that angular measurements on OPG can be used to predict the corresponding angular measurements from the lateral cephalograms, both for the dental and skeletal parameters but the vertical linear measurements cannot be predicted accurately from OPG. The regression equations obtained from this study showed that the Go-Gn/S-N, ANS-PNS/Go-Me (palatal plane/mandibular plane), and Co-Go/Go-Me parameters could be predicted from OPG within statistically significant levels, and their predictability levels were 20.47%, 31.7%, and 10.88%, respectively for group A and 32.0%.22.08% and 52.36% respectively for group B.
简介:正畸中最常用的诊断辅助工具是侧位头颅造影和全景x线片(OPG)。OPG在提供牙齿、牙根长度、轴向倾斜度、形态结构、出牙顺序和空间关系等信息方面是不可或缺的正畸筛查工具[1],而这些信息大多是定性的。本研究的目的是评估OPG的使用是否可以扩展到评估骨骼模式和牙面特征,这些都是在侧位脑电图上常规测量的。材料与方法:选取80例受试者,分为A组和b组。A组为骨骼I类、口腔I类成人40例,年龄18 ~ 27岁。B组40例,年龄10 ~ 15岁,骨骼i类,牙齿II类,1类儿童。在标准条件下,用骨头止痛器进行侧位脑电图和OPG测量,并比较各项参数。结果与结论:在本研究中,OPG的角度测量值可用于预测侧位头片的相应角度测量值,包括牙齿和骨骼参数,但垂直线性测量值不能准确预测OPG。本研究得到的回归方程表明,OPG对Go-Gn/S-N、ANS-PNS/Go-Me(腭面/下颌面)、Co-Go/Go-Me参数的预测水平均在统计学显著水平以内,A组的预测水平分别为20.47%、31.7%和10.88%,B组的预测水平分别为32.0%、22.08%和52.36%。
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引用次数: 2
Knowledge and Attitude amongst the Dental and Medical students towards radiation hazards and radiation protection: A Questionnaire survey 牙科及医科学生对辐射危害及辐射防护知识及态度的问卷调查
Pub Date : 2019-08-24 DOI: 10.31254/dentistry.2019.4203
Motwani Mukta B, Tagade Pooja P, Dhole Apeksha S, Khator Apurva D
Aim and objective: To assess the knowledge and attitudes regarding radiation hazards and protection amongst medical and dental students. Materials and method: A validated 20 point questionnaire about radiation protocol in the form of multiple choices was used for the study where 400 participants ( undergraduate students and interns) were included from medical and dental field. Results were analyzed using SPSS 20.0. Results: The knowledge, attitude and awareness about radiation protection was highest in dental interns followed by dental students, medical interns and medical students. Among the total participants, majority felt that lectures and workshops should be conducted to acquire knowledge on radiation hazards and protection. Conclusion: There is need “to fill” the knowledge deficit for students from both medical and dental fraternity thereby creating awareness about radiation hazards and protection. There is a need to educate current and future doctors regarding unnecessary exposure of individual to radiation.
目的和目的:评估医科和牙科学生对辐射危害和防护的知识和态度。材料与方法:采用一份经过验证的20点辐射方案问卷,采用多项选择的形式进行研究,其中包括400名来自医学和牙科领域的本科生和实习生。结果采用SPSS 20.0进行统计分析。结果:牙科实习生对辐射防护的知识、态度和意识最高,其次为牙科学生、医学实习生和医学生。在所有与会者中,大多数人认为应举办讲座和讲习班,以获得有关辐射危害和防护的知识。结论:医学和牙科两方面的学生都需要“填补”知识缺口,从而提高他们对辐射危害和防护的认识。有必要教育现在和未来的医生,让他们了解不必要的个人辐射暴露。
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引用次数: 2
Effectiveness of Combination Irrigant Technique for Debris Removal in Simulated Canal Irregularities: An in vitro Study 联合灌溉技术去除模拟管状不规则碎片的有效性:体外研究
Pub Date : 2019-08-24 DOI: 10.31254/dentistry.2019.4208
S. Dhivyalakshmi, N. Velmurugan, G. Lakshmanan, L. Karthik
Aim: To evaluate the debridement efficacy of different irrigation systems in simulated canal irregularities. Study Design and Setting: About sixty maxillary central incisors were selected and after chemomechanical preparation were split longitudinally into two halves. Each groove and depression were filled with dentine debris mixed with 2.5 % NaOCl to simulate a situation where dentine debris accumulates in the un-instrumented extensions of the root canal. Materials and Methods: The specimens were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups as follows: Group I - Conventional Needle Irrigation, Group II - Apical Negative Pressure Irrigation (EndoVac), Group III - Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation and Group IV - Combination Irrigation (EV+PUI). 9 ml of 2.5 % NaOCl, 9 ml of 17 % EDTA and 9 ml of saline was used for the final irrigation protocol. Images were taken before and after irrigation using PRIMA DNT surgical microscope with digital camera. Statistical Analysis: The intergroup and individual comparison of percentage reduction of debris in groove and depressions were carried out by using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests respectively. The intergroup comparison for different scoring criteria was compared using Pearson’s chi-square tests. Differences were considered statistically significant at P value < 0.05. Results: The combination group, EV group and PUI group showed better removal of debris in Groove and Depressions than Conventional needle irrigation group. The Combination group had significant reduction of debris at 2 mm level when compared to all the other groups. Conclusion: The effectiveness of this combination irrigant delivery system for smear layer removal and antibacterial efficacy have to be evaluated further in future clinical studies
目的:评价不同灌洗系统对模拟肛管畸形的清创术效果。研究设计与设置:选择约60个上颌中切牙,经化学力学准备后纵向分成两半。每个槽和凹处填充混合了2.5% NaOCl的牙本质碎片,以模拟牙本质碎片在无器械根管延伸处堆积的情况。材料与方法:将标本随机分为4个实验组:I组常规针刺冲洗、II组根尖负压冲洗(EndoVac)、III组被动超声冲洗和IV组联合冲洗(EV+PUI)。9ml 2.5% NaOCl, 9ml 17% EDTA和9ml生理盐水用于最后的冲洗方案。采用数码相机PRIMA DNT手术显微镜拍摄冲洗前后图像。统计分析:分别采用Kruskal-Wallis检验和Mann-Whitney U检验进行组间和个体间沟槽和洼地碎屑减少百分比的比较。采用Pearson卡方检验比较不同评分标准的组间比较。P值< 0.05认为差异有统计学意义。结果:联合组、EV组和PUI组对沟槽和洼地碎屑的清除效果优于常规针洗组。与所有其他组相比,联合组在2毫米水平上明显减少了碎片。结论:该联合灌洗系统对口腔粘膜涂片层的去除效果及抗菌效果有待于进一步的临床研究
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引用次数: 1
Alveolar bone and gingival necrosis following pulp devitalization 牙髓失活后牙槽骨和牙龈坏死
Pub Date : 2019-04-07 DOI: 10.31254/DENTISTRY.2019.4104
Disha Bansal, Mrinalini Mahajan
Dental caries is a common disease which stands second to common cold, forms a bases for pulp involvement in extensive lesions and hence painful. Most of the general practitioners find it difficult to extirpate pulp completely and hence to face this challenge, clinicians use devitalizing agents in cases where anaesthesia is ineffective. The following series of cases describes the tissue degeneration in patients treated with pulp devitalizing agents during endodontic treatment.
龋齿是一种常见的疾病,仅次于普通感冒,形成了广泛的牙髓病变的基础,因此疼痛。大多数全科医生发现很难完全切除牙髓,因此面对这一挑战,临床医生在麻醉无效的情况下使用灭活剂。下面的一系列病例描述了在根管治疗中使用牙髓灭活剂治疗的患者的组织变性。
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引用次数: 0
Prosthetic rehabilitation using extra coronal attachments 冠状外附着体修复
Pub Date : 2019-04-07 DOI: 10.31254/DENTISTRY.2019.4102
R. Patil, Omkar Shetty
A unique concern of a removable denture when compared to other prosthesis is retention. The component of removable denture which provides retention is called as direct retainer. A direct retainer can be either an extracoronal or intracoronal retainer . One of the main drawbacks of extracoronal retainers used in partial dentures is visibility. Many patients find themselves in an aesthetically compromised state when these retainers are placed on teeth in visible area. The solution for this problem is using a Precision attachment. This assembly provides better vertical support and better stimulation to the underlying tissue through intermittent vertical massage. Although the history of intracoronal retainers goes back to 5th and 4th centuries BC, technically more sound developments began in early 20th century AD. Since then precision attachments are playing an important role in removable and fixed partial denture, conventional and implant supported overdentures . In this case, an extra coronal attachment is chosen as fixed prosthesis was not possible to use everywhere and patient desired a prosthesis which had function and stability similar to fixed prosthesis. In this type of attachment, crown is made with the projecting attachment and a corresponding fitting or housing is incorporated in the removable prosthesis as a result there is a certain amount of movement between the two sections of the prosthesis that acts as a non-rigid stress breaker and helps in distributing the occlusal load without breaking the prosthesis.
与其他义齿相比,活动义齿的独特之处在于固位。活动义齿中提供固位的部件称为直接固位体。直接固位器可以是冠状外固位器或冠状内固位器。冠外固位体用于局部义齿的主要缺点之一是可见性。许多患者发现,当这些固位体被放置在牙齿的可见区域时,他们的审美受到了损害。这个问题的解决方案是使用Precision附件。这个组件提供了更好的垂直支持和更好的刺激,通过间歇垂直按摩底层组织。虽然冠状内固位器的历史可以追溯到公元前5世纪和4世纪,但技术上更完善的发展始于公元20世纪初。从那时起,精密附着体在可移动和固定局部义齿、常规义齿和种植支撑覆盖义齿中发挥着重要作用。在这种情况下,由于固定假体不可能在任何地方使用,并且患者希望假体具有与固定假体相似的功能和稳定性,因此选择了冠状外附着体。在这种类型的附着体中,冠由突出的附着体制成,相应的配件或外壳被纳入可移动假体中,因此假体的两个部分之间有一定的运动,作为非刚性应力断路器,有助于在不破坏假体的情况下分配咬合负荷。
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引用次数: 4
Neuromuscular disorders affecting the Oral and Maxillofacial region and their Dental management 影响口腔颌面区域的神经肌肉疾病及其牙科治疗
Pub Date : 2019-04-07 DOI: 10.31254/DENTISTRY.2019.4105
A. Khator, M. Motwani
A large number of Neuromuscular disorders have their manifestations in the oral and maxillofacial region. Oral physicians come across abnormalities in the dentition, soft tissues and occlusion caused by these disorders during the intra-oral and extra-oral examination. Also, patients with Neuromuscular disorders need to be treated with special precautions during dental treatment. Since a dental practitioner plays an important role in the early diagnosis and management of these conditions, this review aims to provide concise and relevant information about Neuromuscular disorders affecting the Oral and Maxillofacial region and their dental management.
大量的神经肌肉疾病都表现在口腔颌面部。口腔医生在口腔内和口腔外的检查中会遇到由这些疾病引起的牙列、软组织和咬合的异常。此外,患有神经肌肉疾病的患者在牙科治疗期间需要特别注意。由于牙科医生在这些疾病的早期诊断和治疗中起着重要的作用,因此本文旨在提供有关影响口腔颌面区域的神经肌肉疾病及其牙科治疗的简明相关信息。
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引用次数: 2
Does the platform switching implant affect the crestal bone level? A systematic review and meta-analysis 平台切换种植体是否影响嵴骨水平?系统回顾和荟萃分析
Pub Date : 2019-04-07 DOI: 10.31254/DENTISTRY.2019.4106
A. Eldien, E. Mahmoud, H. Hamed, M. Shoeib
Objectives: To assess the effects of platform switching in patients restored with implant supported fixed restorations on implant failure and patient satisfaction. Materials and methods: We searched the Cochrane Oral Health Group Trial register (04 February 2017), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library 2017, Issue 02), MEDLINE (January 1966 to 04 February 2017) and the WHO International Clinical Trial Registry Platform (04 February 2017). We hand searched citation lists of relevant publications. We did not apply any language or date restrictions. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effectiveness of platform switching versus platform matching in patients restored with implant supported fixed restorations were included. Two reviewers independently assessed trials for inclusion and risk of bias, extracted data and checked for accuracy. We have expressed results as risk ratio (RR) or mean differences (MD), together with their 95% confidence intervals (CI). The primary outcome measures were implant failure and patient satisfaction. Results: We included 12 studies (513 participants). There was no difference between platform switching and matching after 1-3 years of follow up in implant failures (RR 0.32, 95% CI 0.01 to 7.70; studies = 7) or patient satisfaction (MD 0.13, 95% CI -0.29 to 0.55; participants = 24; studies = 1). Regarding marginal bone loss, when we pooled down the data obtained from six trials, we identified substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 81%) with inconsistency in the direction of effect, which was unexplained by clinical or methodological differences between the studies, and accordingly we did not perform meta-analysis for this outcome. Conclusions: In patients restored with implant supported fixed restorations, there is insufficient evidence to support platform switching or platform matching implant-abutment connection design to improve implant survival and patient satisfaction.
目的:评估种植体支撑固定修复体患者平台切换对种植体失败和患者满意度的影响。材料和方法:我们检索了Cochrane口腔健康组试验注册(2017年2月4日)、Cochrane中央对照试验注册(Cochrane图书馆2017年第02期)、MEDLINE(1966年1月至2017年2月4日)和WHO国际临床试验注册平台(2017年2月4日)。我们手工检索了相关出版物的引文列表。我们没有使用任何语言或日期限制。随机对照试验(rct)比较了平台切换与平台匹配在种植体支持的固定修复体修复患者中的有效性。两名审稿人独立评估试验的纳入和偏倚风险,提取数据并检查准确性。我们将结果表示为风险比(RR)或平均差异(MD)及其95%置信区间(CI)。主要观察指标为种植体失败和患者满意度。结果:我们纳入了12项研究(513名受试者)。随访1-3年后移植失败的平台切换和匹配无差异(RR 0.32, 95% CI 0.01 ~ 7.70;研究= 7)或患者满意度(MD 0.13, 95% CI -0.29 ~ 0.55;参与者= 24人;关于边缘性骨质流失,当我们汇总六项试验的数据时,我们发现了大量的异质性(I2 = 81%),在效果方向上不一致,这是由于研究之间的临床或方法学差异所无法解释的,因此我们没有对这一结果进行meta分析。结论:在使用种植体支撑固定修复体的患者中,没有足够的证据支持平台切换或平台匹配种植体-基台连接设计来提高种植体存活率和患者满意度。
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引用次数: 2
Assessing Students’ Perspectives of an Elective Digital Dentistry Course 评估学生对数字牙科选修课程的看法
Pub Date : 2019-04-07 DOI: 10.31254/DENTISTRY.2019.4101
Les Kalman, E. Vakili
This brief report examines students’ perspectives on teaching from a small size of fourth year dental students and Internationally Trained Dentists II candidates on an experiential learning digital dentistry elective course. A questionnaire was developed and distributed to 10 dental students before and after the course. Each question was rated on a five-point Likert scale. The Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was used. All data analysis was conducted by Excel at the 0.05 level of significance. The results indicated that after receiving the course the mean of students’ perspectives varied more. The medians varied before and after the course. There was a 90% improvement that was detected in the students’ perspectives after the course. All of the students (100%) reported an improvement in knowledge with the digital scanner after the course. Although students’ perspectives demonstrated a change in almost all the participants (90%) after receiving the course, this change was not statistically significant. There was no significant difference in students’ knowledge of digital dentistry before and after receiving the course. Conclusion: The dental profession is rapidly changing technologically. It seems appropriate that dental education should include digital dentistry and a suitable number of student participants.
这份简短的报告考察了学生对教学的观点,从四年级牙科学生和国际培训牙医II候选人在体验式学习数字牙科选修课程。在课程前后,我们制作了一份问卷,分发给10名牙科学生。每个问题都以李克特5分制进行评分。采用Wilcoxon符号秩检验。所有数据均采用Excel进行分析,显著性水平为0.05。结果表明,在接受课程后,学生的观点平均值变化较大。中位数在课程前后有所不同。课程结束后,学生们的观点提高了90%。所有学生(100%)报告说,在课程结束后,数字扫描仪的知识有所提高。虽然学生的观点在接受课程后几乎所有参与者(90%)都发生了变化,但这种变化在统计上并不显著。学生在接受课程前后对数字牙科知识的了解无显著差异。结论:牙科行业在技术上日新月异。似乎牙科教育应该包括数字牙科和适当数量的学生参与者。
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引用次数: 0
Procedures to accelerate orthodontic treatment: Review of techniques and biological bases 加速正畸治疗的程序:技术和生物学基础的回顾
Pub Date : 2019-04-07 DOI: 10.31254/DENTISTRY.2019.4107
N. Rossi, Brasil R Tijuco Preto, R. Rossi, N. Rossi, Dentofacial Orthopedics-SBOOM
{"title":"Procedures to accelerate orthodontic treatment: Review of techniques and biological bases","authors":"N. Rossi, Brasil R Tijuco Preto, R. Rossi, N. Rossi, Dentofacial Orthopedics-SBOOM","doi":"10.31254/DENTISTRY.2019.4107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/DENTISTRY.2019.4107","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":240291,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130613950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Mandibular Permanent Central incisor Crown Dilaceration- A Rare Case Report 下颌恒中切牙冠扩张1例
Pub Date : 2019-04-07 DOI: 10.31254/DENTISTRY.2019.4103
Ambreena Khurshid, S. Chachra, A. Dhindsa, G. Kour, Binish Iftikhar, P. Goel
{"title":"Mandibular Permanent Central incisor Crown Dilaceration- A Rare Case Report","authors":"Ambreena Khurshid, S. Chachra, A. Dhindsa, G. Kour, Binish Iftikhar, P. Goel","doi":"10.31254/DENTISTRY.2019.4103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/DENTISTRY.2019.4103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":240291,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133738995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Dentistry Research
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