ZFA. Zeitschrift fur Allgemeinmedizin最新文献

Background: Family practices are the primary contact for inquiries relating to COVID-19. This study reveals the reasons why German family practices are called during the pandemic and which burden is associated with patients' inquiries related to COVID-19 among practice assistants (PAs).

Methods: On April 28, 2021 a cross-sectional flash mob study was conducted in family practices across Germany. The study material and invitation were disseminated via social media and postal or electronic mails. During half a day, participating practices counted every incoming call. For calls addressing COVID-19, the reason, duration, and perceived stress level were documented. Descriptive statistics and regression analyses were performed using SPSS.

Results: 5,646 calls, 1,826 of which were related to COVID-19 (32.3%), were documented by 73 practices (practice average: 25.0 ± 17.7) within a single Wednesday morning. Most calls addressed vaccination (n = 1,050, 59.0%). During 22.0% (n = 388) of COVID-19-related calls, PAs felt stressed, which was mainly influenced by the call duration (calls of 5 minutes and longer were perceived significantly more stressful [OR 8.94, 95% CI 6.47-12.37]). Feeling well-prepared to meet patients' inquiries relating to COVID-19 was a protective factor for the average stress perceived per PA. Overall, less than 10% of calls on COVID-19 were transferred to a physician.

Conclusions: Family practice teams experience a high volume of partly stressful phone calls about COVID-19 but are often able to handle the pandemic challenges. PAs play a central role in advising the practice population on issues related to COVID-19. This deserves greater recognition.

Background: Family conferences are pre-planned meetings between the treatment team, patient, family members and representatives of other involved disciplines on an agreed topic. There is no review of family conferences in family medicine. The aim of the scoping review is to compile the available recommendations on the use, implementation and documentation of family conferences in family medicine and other medical fields that can be transferred to the family practice setting.

Methods: Systematic literature search in the databases PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library. Articles published in German or English up to 31.12.2021 were included. The fields of family therapy, paediatrics and neonatology were excluded.

Results: The search yielded 1,557 hits; after deducting duplicates and reviewing the abstracts, 108 hits were used for the full-text review. Of these, 53 hits were included in the review. Many recommendations on the use, preparation and implementation of family conferences can be transferred to the FM setting. For successful family conferences, a structured procedure is recommended, which includes good preparation of all participants, a multi-stage procedure during the family conference itself, as well as good documentation and follow-up of the agreements. The use of proven patient-centred communication models is recommended.

Conclusions: Although there are no validated concepts for the procedure of family conferences in the FM setting, practice recommendations can be derived that should be empirically tested in practice and in studies.

Background: Since 2019, the competence center for specialist training in family medicine Bavaria (KWAB) offers an individual mentoring program to accompany specialist training in family medicine. The mentors are confidants for matters of specialist training, private practice, career development and compatibility of work and family life. The training takes place after registration via an online portal.

Methods: The evaluation was conducted 24 months after the start of KWAB mentoring (06/30/2021-08/01/2021). All active participants were interviewed via online survey. In each case, separate questionnaires were developed, which inquire on the one hand about the content-related aspects of the mentoring, such as topics discussed, and on the other hand about the individual mentoring relationship, such as the interpersonal relationship. The mentees received 39 questions (34 closed, 5 open) and the mentors received 26 questions (21 closed, 5 open), which were subsequently analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results: N = 30 mentors and N = 72 mentees were invited to participate in the evaluation (25 (83 %) mentors and 32 (44 %) mentees participated). More than half of the participants met each other at least twice. The main methods of communication were telephone, face-to-face meetings, and email contacts. The individual time commitment in each case was judged to be appropriate. According to the mentors, the mentees showed interest in the content of the program and demonstrated availability and commitment. All respondents indicated a high level of satisfaction with one-on-one mentoring and would recommend it to others.

Conclusions: Mentors and mentees in family medicine residency reported a great benefit from the one-on-one mentoring offered and a will to continue their mentoring relationships even after the project period.

Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) has gained importance in Germany and is also increasingly implemented in research in family medicine. Internationally, diverse frameworks give recommendations on how to successfully design and implement PPI in specific contexts. However, it is crucial to share experiences on PPI in specific settings such as family medicine in order to learn from each other. Thus, this article provides an overview of PPI concepts in the practice-based research networks (PBRNs) of the Initiative of German Practice-Based Research Networks - DESAM-ForNet. In the PBRNs patients and the public are involved in the research process by repeated group meetings in "public forums" (BayFoNet), "round tables" (FoPraNet-BW) or "patient advisory boards" (HAFO.NRW, RESPoNsE, SaxoForN) with a special focus on the planning and dissemination phase of projects. The most successful recruitment strategies so far have encompassed individual patient contacts of family physicians, postings/posters, local self-help organizations and standardized patient programs. Evaluation of PPI is currently being designed in most PBRNS. Overall, the PBRN-specific PPI concepts represent diverse possibilities to create long-term collaborative partnerships with patients and the public. These exemplary concepts are meant to encourage the further development and implementation of adapted PPI-concepts in family medicine research.

Hintergrund: An der Universität des Saarlandes wurde ein neu strukturierter, kompetenzbasierter Blended-learning-Pflichtkurs Allgemeinmedizin im 5. Studienjahr implementiert. In Anbetracht des drohenden Hausarztmangels untersucht diese Studie, ob ein universitärer Kurs die Studierenden in dem Wunsch, eine Weiterbildung im Fach Allgemeinmedizin zu wählen, beeinflussen kann. Es wird untersucht, welche Aspekte des Allgemeinmedizinkurses besonders motivierend sind.

Methoden: Zwei Online-Fragebögen wurden verwendet, um die Motivation für eine Weiterbildung im Fach Allgemeinmedizin vor und nach Belegen des Kurses im Sommersemester 2021 zu vergleichen. Basierend auf den Ergebnissen der Academic Motivation Scale wurde mittels Clusteranalyse das Motivationslernverhalten von Studierenden im Kurs analysiert. Motivierende Aspekte des Kurses wurden deskriptiv anhand quantitativer Daten identifiziert. Für die Datenanalyse wurden die Statistikprogramme JASP (Version 0.14.1) und Jamovi (Version 1.6) benutzt.

Ergebnisse: 109 von 111 im Kurs eingeschriebenen Studierenden nahmen am ersten Fragebogen, 103 am zweiten Fragebogen teil. Studierende konnten sich nach Belegen des Kurses signifikant besser vorstellen, eine Weiterbildung im Fach Allgemeinmedizin zu wählen (p = 0,016). Vier sich in ihrer Motivation unterscheidende Cluster an Studierenden konnten identifiziert werden. Studierende empfanden die Eingrenzung auf relevante Themen, das Alignment zwischen Kurs- und Klausurinhalten, die Abstimmung der Inhalte mit mit staatsexamensrelevanten Inhalten, die symptomorientierte Lehre, die Kommunikation auf Augenhöhe und das Gefühl, mit alltäglichen Krankheiten souveräner umgehen zu können, als besonders motivierend.

Schlussfolgerungen: Ein Pflichtkurs Allgemeinmedizin kann die Wahl einer späteren Spezialisierung in der Allgemeinmedizin möglicherweise beeinflussen. Die identifizierten motivierenden Aspekte können für zukünftige Kursentwicklungen in der Allgemeinmedizin hilfreich sein.

Background: Well-being of health care professionals is becoming more and more important. Research often focuses on deficits and health impairments. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate what contributes to the sense of happiness among family physicians and practice assistants.

Methods: Between April and October 2018, we conducted semi-structured interviews and observations with family physicians and practice assistants in North Rhine-Westphalia. The analyses followed the content-structuring, qualitative content analysis according to Kuckartz supported by the software NVivo.

Results: We observed in five practices and interviewed eleven family physicians and 15 practice assistants. The core topics were teamwork, relationship to patients, local roots, patient-practice-fit and effectiveness of work.

Conclusions: The results indicate conditions conducive to happiness. The findings may inform the development of targed-group-specific behavioural interventions (happiness training) for family physicians and practice assistants. In particular, the team and the relationship to patients should to be addressed.