ZFA. Zeitschrift fur Allgemeinmedizin最新文献

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Happiness in General Practice: Results of a Qualitative Study Among Physicians and Practice Assistants. 全科医学中的幸福感：对医生和实习助理的定性研究结果。

ZFA. Zeitschrift fur Allgemeinmedizin

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.53180/zfa.2022.0024-0029

Lena Werdecker, Tobias Esch

Background: Well-being of health care professionals is becoming more and more important. Research often focuses on deficits and health impairments. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate what contributes to the sense of happiness among family physicians and practice assistants.

Methods: Between April and October 2018, we conducted semi-structured interviews and observations with family physicians and practice assistants in North Rhine-Westphalia. The analyses followed the content-structuring, qualitative content analysis according to Kuckartz supported by the software NVivo.

Results: We observed in five practices and interviewed eleven family physicians and 15 practice assistants. The core topics were teamwork, relationship to patients, local roots, patient-practice-fit and effectiveness of work.

Conclusions: The results indicate conditions conducive to happiness. The findings may inform the development of targed-group-specific behavioural interventions (happiness training) for family physicians and practice assistants. In particular, the team and the relationship to patients should to be addressed.

背景：卫生保健专业人员的福祉正变得越来越重要。研究往往侧重于赤字和健康障碍。因此，本研究的目的是调查是什么有助于家庭医生和执业助理的幸福感。方法：2018年4月至10月，我们对北莱茵-威斯特法伦州的家庭医生和执业助理进行了半结构化访谈和观察。根据NVivo软件支持的Kuckartz，分析遵循内容结构和定性内容分析。结果：我们在五家诊所进行了观察，并采访了11名家庭医生和15名诊所助理。核心主题是团队合作、与患者的关系、当地根源、患者实践的适合性和工作的有效性。结论：研究结果表明了有利于幸福的条件。这些发现可能会为家庭医生和执业助理制定针对特定群体的行为干预措施（幸福感培训）提供信息。特别是，团队和与患者的关系应该得到解决。

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引用次数: 0

Atypische Ischämie-Symptome nicht belanglos "非典型脑症候群"非典型

ZFA. Zeitschrift fur Allgemeinmedizin

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF03653207

引用次数: 0

[Acute Cough in Adult Patients]. [成人急性咳嗽]。

ZFA. Zeitschrift fur Allgemeinmedizin

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.53180/zfa.2022.0169-0177

Karen Krüger, Christoph Heintze, Sabine Gehrke-Beck, Felix Holzinger

Background: Acute cough (< 8 weeks) is a frequent complaint in family practice consultations. The most common cause are respiratory infections. The Guideline "Acute and chronic cough" of the German College of General Practitioners and Family Physicians (DEGAM) was updated in 2021 and contains recommendations for an evidence-based approach for the management of acute cough in primary care.

Methods: The guideline has been updated in accordance with the findings of a systematic search of the literature for international guidelines and systematic reviews. All recommendations were developed by an interdisciplinary guideline committee and agreed by formal consensus.

Results: History-taking, exclusion of red flags and a physical examination are the basis of diagnostic evaluation. If an acute, uncomplicated bronchitis is likely, no laboratory tests, sputum diagnostics, or chest x-rays should be performed, and antibiotics should not be administered. Evidence based strategies to avoid antibiotic therapy (delayed prescribing, shared decision making, point-of-care-tests) can be used. There is inadequate evidence for the efficacy of antitussive or expectorant drugs against acute cough. The state of the evidence for phytotherapeutic agents is heterogeneous; clinical importance is minimal. COVID-19 should currently be considered in cases of acute respiratory symptoms. If specific symptoms or red flags occur, further diagnoses in the context of acute cough such as community-acquired pneumonia, influenza disease and exacerbations of chronic respiratory diseases (bronchial asthma, COPD) should be taken into consideration.

Conclusions: These evidence-based recommendations are intended to reduce the use of antibiotics to treat colds and acute bronchitis, for which they are not indicated. Further clinical trials of symptomatic treatments for cough should be performed in order to extend the evidence base.

背景：急性咳嗽（<8周）是家庭实践咨询中常见的主诉。最常见的病因是呼吸道感染。德国全科医生和家庭医生学院（DEGAM）的指南“急性和慢性咳嗽”于2021年更新，其中包含了在初级保健中管理急性咳嗽的循证方法的建议。方法：根据对国际指南和系统综述文献的系统检索结果，对指南进行了更新。所有建议都是由一个跨学科指导委员会制定的，并以正式协商一致方式达成一致。结果：病史、排除危险信号和体检是诊断评估的基础。如果可能是急性、无并发症的支气管炎，则不应进行实验室检查、痰诊断或胸部x光检查，也不应使用抗生素。可以使用基于证据的策略来避免抗生素治疗（延迟处方、共同决策、护理点测试）。镇咳或祛痰药对急性咳嗽的疗效没有充分的证据。植物治疗剂的证据状态是异质的；临床重要性微乎其微。新冠肺炎目前应考虑急性呼吸道症状的病例。如果出现特定症状或危险信号，应考虑急性咳嗽的进一步诊断，如社区获得性肺炎、流感和慢性呼吸道疾病（支气管哮喘、COPD）的恶化。结论：这些基于证据的建议旨在减少抗生素治疗感冒和急性支气管炎的使用，但这些建议并不适用。应进一步进行咳嗽症状治疗的临床试验，以扩大证据基础。

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引用次数: 0

[Spontaneous abortion]. (流产)。

ZFA. Zeitschrift fur Allgemeinmedizin

Pub Date : 2020-02-07 DOI: 10.32388/09vlvl

F. Willgeroth

引用次数: 0

[Peripheral arterial occlusions. Revision in diagnosis and therapy for the benefit of the patient]. 外周动脉闭塞。为了患者的利益而修改诊断和治疗]。

ZFA. Zeitschrift fur Allgemeinmedizin

Pub Date : 1984-02-20

H Hess

引用次数: 0

[Treatment of pulmonary infections with a phytogenic secretolytic agent]. [植物性促分泌剂治疗肺部感染]。

ZFA. Zeitschrift fur Allgemeinmedizin

Pub Date : 1984-02-20

K Fendrich

引用次数: 0

[Psychosomatic relations in the evaluation of patients in general practice]. [在一般实践中评估病人的心身关系]。

ZFA. Zeitschrift fur Allgemeinmedizin

Pub Date : 1984-02-20

G Fischer

引用次数: 0

[Principles of hemorheologic therapy]. [血液流变学治疗原理]。

ZFA. Zeitschrift fur Allgemeinmedizin

Pub Date : 1984-02-20

E Ernst

引用次数: 0

[Are "rheologic agents" therapeutically useful?]. “流变剂”在治疗上有用吗?

ZFA. Zeitschrift fur Allgemeinmedizin

Pub Date : 1984-02-20

E Ernst

引用次数: 0

[M-mode echocardiography. Use in an internal medicine practice with emphasis on cardiology]. [M-mode超声心动图。用于内科实践，重点是心脏病学]。

ZFA. Zeitschrift fur Allgemeinmedizin

Pub Date : 1984-02-20

K Younossi, V Hartenstein

引用次数: 0

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