Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.18178/ijtef.2019.10.6.654
La Boi San, M. Khuong
This research examined the relationships between perceived entrepreneurial desirability, feasibility, self-efficacy, ecosystem, family background, prior experience and personality traits on entrepreneurial intention through attitudes towards entrepreneurship. Quantitative approach was mainly employed with questionnaires conveniently and directly delivered to 351 senior students and fresh graduates of Tourism and Hospitality Management in HCMC. The statistical techniques used include factor analysis, multiple regression and path analysis. The result showed that there were five factors directly affected entrepreneurial intention, namely ecosystem, personality traits, self-efficacy, desirability and feasibility.
{"title":"Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Intention of Seniors and Fresh Graduates in Tourism and Hospitality Management in Ho Chi Minh City","authors":"La Boi San, M. Khuong","doi":"10.18178/ijtef.2019.10.6.654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijtef.2019.10.6.654","url":null,"abstract":"This research examined the relationships between perceived entrepreneurial desirability, feasibility, self-efficacy, ecosystem, family background, prior experience and personality traits on entrepreneurial intention through attitudes towards entrepreneurship. Quantitative approach was mainly employed with questionnaires conveniently and directly delivered to 351 senior students and fresh graduates of Tourism and Hospitality Management in HCMC. The statistical techniques used include factor analysis, multiple regression and path analysis. The result showed that there were five factors directly affected entrepreneurial intention, namely ecosystem, personality traits, self-efficacy, desirability and feasibility.","PeriodicalId":243294,"journal":{"name":"International journal trade, economics and finance","volume":"617 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116197908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.18178/ijtef.2019.10.6.653
C. D. Bruyn, Gideon S. Horn, H. Lloyd
This paper measures the phase of industry maturity that the South African export table grape industry finds itself in. A combination of variables, and the interactions among these variables, indicate the stage of industry maturity. Based on the industry life cycle model, each variable has different characteristics in the four phases of maturity. Knowing the stage of maturity of the industry enables the various role-players to implement the necessary strategies to improve the industry’s competitiveness in the international market.
{"title":"Measuring the Industry Maturity of the South African Export Table Grape Industry","authors":"C. D. Bruyn, Gideon S. Horn, H. Lloyd","doi":"10.18178/ijtef.2019.10.6.653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijtef.2019.10.6.653","url":null,"abstract":"This paper measures the phase of industry maturity that the South African export table grape industry finds itself in. A combination of variables, and the interactions among these variables, indicate the stage of industry maturity. Based on the industry life cycle model, each variable has different characteristics in the four phases of maturity. Knowing the stage of maturity of the industry enables the various role-players to implement the necessary strategies to improve the industry’s competitiveness in the international market.","PeriodicalId":243294,"journal":{"name":"International journal trade, economics and finance","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121936084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.18178/ijtef.2019.10.6.652
Ching Ming Kei
This paper aims to evaluate the customer satisfaction of the airline industry in Hong Kong by using the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). A list of 11 attributes is identified and rated using a five-point Likert scale. The IPA reveals that Full Service Carrier (FSC) should improve its on-time performance and seat comfortability while there is no concentration in Low Cost Carrier (LCC). Moreover, it has been found that crew attentiveness is overdone by FSC while check-in services are overkilled by both FSC and LCC. Furthermore, the overall performance of FSC is found to be satisfactory but not LCC by their customers. The results are important for airlines to identify the key areas for strategic focus and particularly relevant for developing strategy for the air transport industry in HK. Future research could consider attributes like terminal tangibles if FSC and LCC are using different terminal location and/or facilitate.
{"title":"A Study of Customer Satisfaction in Airlines","authors":"Ching Ming Kei","doi":"10.18178/ijtef.2019.10.6.652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijtef.2019.10.6.652","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to evaluate the customer satisfaction of the airline industry in Hong Kong by using the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). A list of 11 attributes is identified and rated using a five-point Likert scale. The IPA reveals that Full Service Carrier (FSC) should improve its on-time performance and seat comfortability while there is no concentration in Low Cost Carrier (LCC). Moreover, it has been found that crew attentiveness is overdone by FSC while check-in services are overkilled by both FSC and LCC. Furthermore, the overall performance of FSC is found to be satisfactory but not LCC by their customers. The results are important for airlines to identify the key areas for strategic focus and particularly relevant for developing strategy for the air transport industry in HK. Future research could consider attributes like terminal tangibles if FSC and LCC are using different terminal location and/or facilitate.","PeriodicalId":243294,"journal":{"name":"International journal trade, economics and finance","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126872002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.18178/ijtef.2019.10.6.656
N. H. Tien
{"title":"ASEAN and China as Mutual Economic and Geo-political Counter-Balance in the Region","authors":"N. H. Tien","doi":"10.18178/ijtef.2019.10.6.656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijtef.2019.10.6.656","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":243294,"journal":{"name":"International journal trade, economics and finance","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116420786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.18178/ijtef.2019.10.6.655
R. Jackson, Amanda M. Reboulet
Debate persists around the axiom that it is impossible not to communicate. Given the multitude of potential meanings associated with words, a reasonable correlate in this dispute is that it is unlikely to communicate sans ambiguïté. Such an occurrence is even more pressing in international business management where the language used is frequently abstract, metaphorical and translated. Informed by this insight, one is able to view meaning as occurring probabilistically. Frequently, probability theory is used to model the risk and uncertainty associated with a given set of business projects. In this research, that methodology and focus is turned on itself, and an application of combined probability theory to select words in management related to business is explored and extended further to show how translations between French and English could increase the ambiguity of meaning. Through the process, an uncommon application of probability theory is illustrated; one focused on addressing problems of effective, international business communication.
{"title":"Parlant de Business: An Application of Combined Probability Theory to Inherent and Translation-Induced Semantic Ambiguity","authors":"R. Jackson, Amanda M. Reboulet","doi":"10.18178/ijtef.2019.10.6.655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijtef.2019.10.6.655","url":null,"abstract":"Debate persists around the axiom that it is impossible not to communicate. Given the multitude of potential meanings associated with words, a reasonable correlate in this dispute is that it is unlikely to communicate sans ambiguïté. Such an occurrence is even more pressing in international business management where the language used is frequently abstract, metaphorical and translated. Informed by this insight, one is able to view meaning as occurring probabilistically. Frequently, probability theory is used to model the risk and uncertainty associated with a given set of business projects. In this research, that methodology and focus is turned on itself, and an application of combined probability theory to select words in management related to business is explored and extended further to show how translations between French and English could increase the ambiguity of meaning. Through the process, an uncommon application of probability theory is illustrated; one focused on addressing problems of effective, international business communication.","PeriodicalId":243294,"journal":{"name":"International journal trade, economics and finance","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126673650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-01DOI: 10.18178/ijtef.2018.9.4.603
Raphael Awiagah, S. Choi
This paper empirically examines the relationship between trade openness and stock market development in Ghana. The analysis was framed in a multivariate setting consisting of trade openness, per capita GDP, turnover ratio, value traded ratio, ratio of bank credit to the private sector to GDP and institutional quality over the period of 1991(Q1) to 2015(Q4). The Johansen cointegration analysis in VAR was used to assess the existence of long-run relationship among the series. VECM causality tests was conducted to ascertain the direction of causality among the variables. Variance decomposition assessment was used to forecast the future relationship among the variables. The results revealed the presence of cointegration (long-run relationship) in the series. More importantly, trade openness and institutional quality had positive and significant impact on stock market development in the long and short run. The study also found evidence of substitutability between the stock market and development in the banking making in Ghana. Additionally, Innovations in each of the variables has effect on stock market development but more pronounced effect was found in innovations in trade openness.
{"title":"Stock Market Development in Ghana: Whither Trade Openness","authors":"Raphael Awiagah, S. Choi","doi":"10.18178/ijtef.2018.9.4.603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijtef.2018.9.4.603","url":null,"abstract":"This paper empirically examines the relationship between trade openness and stock market development in Ghana. The analysis was framed in a multivariate setting consisting of trade openness, per capita GDP, turnover ratio, value traded ratio, ratio of bank credit to the private sector to GDP and institutional quality over the period of 1991(Q1) to 2015(Q4). The Johansen cointegration analysis in VAR was used to assess the existence of long-run relationship among the series. VECM causality tests was conducted to ascertain the direction of causality among the variables. Variance decomposition assessment was used to forecast the future relationship among the variables. The results revealed the presence of cointegration (long-run relationship) in the series. More importantly, trade openness and institutional quality had positive and significant impact on stock market development in the long and short run. The study also found evidence of substitutability between the stock market and development in the banking making in Ghana. Additionally, Innovations in each of the variables has effect on stock market development but more pronounced effect was found in innovations in trade openness.","PeriodicalId":243294,"journal":{"name":"International journal trade, economics and finance","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123648528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since its creation in 1995, the World Trade Organization (WTO) has been one of the leading international organizations. We could expect that more countries entered the WTO because of the significance growth on world trade. However, the uniqueness of this organization does not lie on how many members it has or even the fact that trade is increasing rapidly. The creation of this new legal system in the WTO has led other new characteristics of the WTO. With strong legal system, trading among countries can be more predictable and stable which could serve as a basis for economic growth. This is one of the reasons many countries entered or remain to be the WTO member. In this paper that both of these characteristics, which are sourced from the WTO legal framework, contributed to the creation of global governance despite the growing critiques centered on the effectiveness of the WTO. Global governance suggests a world system or world society and used to describe the increasingly regulated character of transnational and international relations. Global governance implies an absence of central authority, and thus the need for collaboration and cooperation among governments and others who seek to encourage common practices and goals in addressing global issues. Even though there exist a large number of critics on the role and effectiveness of the WTO, in this paper focus on the process rather than the outcome. Similar to any problem solving, an outcome may not be preferable to one individual or group but preferable to the other. However, the system has created a forum to facilitate the discussion.
{"title":"Metamorphoses of the WTO: Constructing Global Governance through Trade","authors":"Fitri Fadhilla, Ramiaji Kusumawardhana, Chen Cheng","doi":"10.18178/ijtef.2018.9.2.592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijtef.2018.9.2.592","url":null,"abstract":"Since its creation in 1995, the World Trade Organization (WTO) has been one of the leading international organizations. We could expect that more countries entered the WTO because of the significance growth on world trade. However, the uniqueness of this organization does not lie on how many members it has or even the fact that trade is increasing rapidly. The creation of this new legal system in the WTO has led other new characteristics of the WTO. With strong legal system, trading among countries can be more predictable and stable which could serve as a basis for economic growth. This is one of the reasons many countries entered or remain to be the WTO member. In this paper that both of these characteristics, which are sourced from the WTO legal framework, contributed to the creation of global governance despite the growing critiques centered on the effectiveness of the WTO. Global governance suggests a world system or world society and used to describe the increasingly regulated character of transnational and international relations. Global governance implies an absence of central authority, and thus the need for collaboration and cooperation among governments and others who seek to encourage common practices and goals in addressing global issues. Even though there exist a large number of critics on the role and effectiveness of the WTO, in this paper focus on the process rather than the outcome. Similar to any problem solving, an outcome may not be preferable to one individual or group but preferable to the other. However, the system has created a forum to facilitate the discussion.","PeriodicalId":243294,"journal":{"name":"International journal trade, economics and finance","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116999350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-01DOI: 10.18178/IJTEF.2018.9.2.590
L. Wu, H. Xie
{"title":"The Impact of Different FDI Entry Modes on Economic Growth in Asia","authors":"L. Wu, H. Xie","doi":"10.18178/IJTEF.2018.9.2.590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/IJTEF.2018.9.2.590","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":243294,"journal":{"name":"International journal trade, economics and finance","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131091384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-01DOI: 10.18178/ijtef.2018.9.2.591
Abdallah Rihihil, Alexander Unger, Karim Gassemi, Aicha Jellil
In the age globalization, the concept of attractiveness is of crucial importance to territories that are involved in a fierce competition over attracting geographically mobile investments. Attractiveness is a new imperative for creating jobs, increasing investment in industry and services, accessing the global market, and developing new technologies. Attracting potential investors is therefore a major objective for all territories, and more specifically developing countries. The attractiveness of territories is based on a number of location advantages that are of fundamental importance, as companies only select the sites that enable them to reinforce their competitiveness. In this context, promoting and welcoming foreign investments is a multidimensional challenge in which the identification of perceived attractiveness to small and medium-sized enterprises occupies a prominent place. In this work, we discuss and explore the determinants on which foreign companies base their choice to locate in Morocco, using an analytico-descriptive research methodology as well as an exploratory study including managers and entrepreneurs from Germany. The objective of this study is to verify the attractiveness of Morocco as an economic destination especially in the strategic sectors (i.e. renewable energies, tourism, offshoring, agriculture and fishing, etc.).
{"title":"Identifying Morocco’s Perceived Attractiveness to SMEs Managers in Germany","authors":"Abdallah Rihihil, Alexander Unger, Karim Gassemi, Aicha Jellil","doi":"10.18178/ijtef.2018.9.2.591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijtef.2018.9.2.591","url":null,"abstract":"In the age globalization, the concept of attractiveness is of crucial importance to territories that are involved in a fierce competition over attracting geographically mobile investments. Attractiveness is a new imperative for creating jobs, increasing investment in industry and services, accessing the global market, and developing new technologies. Attracting potential investors is therefore a major objective for all territories, and more specifically developing countries. The attractiveness of territories is based on a number of location advantages that are of fundamental importance, as companies only select the sites that enable them to reinforce their competitiveness. In this context, promoting and welcoming foreign investments is a multidimensional challenge in which the identification of perceived attractiveness to small and medium-sized enterprises occupies a prominent place. In this work, we discuss and explore the determinants on which foreign companies base their choice to locate in Morocco, using an analytico-descriptive research methodology as well as an exploratory study including managers and entrepreneurs from Germany. The objective of this study is to verify the attractiveness of Morocco as an economic destination especially in the strategic sectors (i.e. renewable energies, tourism, offshoring, agriculture and fishing, etc.).","PeriodicalId":243294,"journal":{"name":"International journal trade, economics and finance","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116020421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-01DOI: 10.18178/ijtef.2018.9.2.593
Raluca-Elena Pop, Bogdan Murarașu
{"title":"The Drivers of Inflation in a Small Open European Economy: The Case of Romania","authors":"Raluca-Elena Pop, Bogdan Murarașu","doi":"10.18178/ijtef.2018.9.2.593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijtef.2018.9.2.593","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":243294,"journal":{"name":"International journal trade, economics and finance","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126663574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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