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Implementasi Peraturan Bupati Gunungkidul Nomor 36 Tahun 2015 Tentang Pencegahan Perkawinan Pada Usia Anak dalam Perspektif Maslahah Mursalah 从maslaha Mursalah的角度来看,2015年《Gunungkidul法令》实施了一项关于儿童年龄预防婚姻的条例
Pub Date : 2019-06-03 DOI: 10.15642/alhukama.2019.9.1.103-129
Muhammad Agung Ilham Affarudin
Regent Regulations (Perbup) of Gunungkidul Number 36 Year 2015 Concerning Prevention of Marriage at the Age of Child is a special regulation regarding the efforts, programs, actions, activities used by the government agencies of Gunungkidul Regency in order to prevent and reduce the number of marriages at the age of child. Wonosari Religious Court statistics show a decrease in the number of submissions for marriage dispensations from 2015 to 2017 after the enactment of this regulation. In 2015 there were 109 cases of marriage dispensation, in 2016 there were 85 cases of marriage dispensation, in 2017 there were 65 cases of marriage dispensation. In its implementation, this regulation has benefits because it forms the basis of human life (maslahah dharuriyyah). This regulation has also answered the problems that humans need to eliminate the difficulties they face (maslahah hajiyyah). In addition, this regulation has preserved the wisdom and goodness of manners and social and cultural beauty (maslahah tahsiniyyah). Seen from its implementation, Perbup Gunungkidul Number 36 of 2015 concerning Prevention of Marriage at the Age of Child is in accordance with the principles of problem solving.
《2015年第36号关于防止未成年人结婚的摄政条例(可能)》是一项特别条例,规定了为防止和减少未成年人结婚而由摄政政府各机构所采取的努力、方案、行动和活动。据woosari宗教法院统计,该规定实施后,从2015年到2017年,申请婚姻豁免的件数有所减少。2015年婚姻调解109例,2016年婚姻调解85例,2017年婚姻调解65例。在实施过程中,这一规定是有益的,因为它构成了人类生活的基础(maslahah dharuriyyah)。这一规定也回答了人类需要消除他们所面临的困难的问题(maslahah hajiyyah)。此外,这一规定还保存了礼仪的智慧和善良以及社会和文化之美(maslahah tahsiniyyah)。从执行情况来看,2015年第36号关于防止未成年人结婚的法令符合解决问题的原则。
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引用次数: 0
Hukum Mencegah Kehamilan Perspektif Imam Ghazali dan Syekh Abdullah Bin Baaz
Pub Date : 2019-06-03 DOI: 10.15642/ALHUKAMA.2019.9.01.75-102
Rifdatus Sholihah
This article discusses the law of preventing pregnancy from the perspective of Imam Ghazali and Sheikh Abdullah bin Baaz. Preventing pregnancy according to Islamic law is permissible. Delaying pregnancy means preventing the pregnancy temporarily, to give a distance to the previous birth. While limiting pregnancy has the meaning of preventing pregnancy forever after having a certain number of children. Pregnancy restrictions like this, are not allowed. Shaykh Abdullah bin Baaz argues that preventing pregnancy, either by 'azl, pills, condoms, and so on is basically haram because it is contrary to maqasid shari'ah, which limits the existence of offspring, but then there are exceptions that make the law permissible, namely because the existence of a dharurat. This is different from Imam Ghazali's assertion, that the Family Planning law which is based on the ‘azl law is permissible because there is no text that shows the prohibition.
本文从伊玛目加扎里和谢赫阿卜杜拉·本·巴兹的角度讨论了防止怀孕的法律。根据伊斯兰教法,禁止怀孕是允许的。延迟怀孕是指暂时不怀孕,与前一次生育保持距离。而限孕则是指在生育了一定数量的孩子后永远不怀孕。这样的怀孕限制是不允许的。谢赫·阿卜杜拉·本·巴兹(Shaykh Abdullah bin Baaz)认为,通过阿兹尔(azl)、避孕药、避孕套等手段来防止怀孕基本上是非法的,因为这违反了限制后代存在的伊斯兰教法(maqasid shari’ah),但也有例外,这条法律是允许的,也就是说,因为dharurat的存在。这与伊玛目Ghazali的主张不同,他的主张是,以azl法为基础的计划生育法是允许的,因为没有明文禁止。
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引用次数: 1
Analisis Yuridis Terhadap Alasan Penemuan Novum Palsu Sebagai Dasar Peninjauan Kembali Kedua dalam Perkara Perdata
Pub Date : 2019-06-03 DOI: 10.15642/alhukama.2019.9.1.130-148
Ulil Manaqib
This article discusses the juridical analysis of the reasons for the discovery of a fake novum as the basis of a second review in a civil case. This study aims to answer the question of how are the reasons for the discovery of a fake novum as the basis for a second review in a civil case? and how are the legal analysis of a reason for the discovery of a fake novum as a the basis for a second review in a civil case. The reason for receiving the second review in the civil case is based on the discovery of a novum which was declared false by the Criminal Judge of the Bandung District Court that has inkracht, is a reason that falls within the criteria of Article 67 letter (a) which reads: “If the decision is based on a lie or a ruse the opposing party that is known after the case has been decided or based on evidence which is later declared to be false by the criminal judge”, is not classified as a reason for finding novum or the reason there are two conflicting judicial decisions. Secondly, the second review in the pedata and criminal case is only limited to the reason that there are two Judicial Decisions that are interrelated with one another (SEMA Number 10 Year 2009), so in addition to these reasons, the Supreme Court has never issued a policy related to the second mechanism Judicial Review, including on the grounds that a novum has been legally and convincingly found false by a public court.
本文讨论了在民事案件中,对伪造证据被发现的原因进行司法分析,作为二次审查的依据。本研究旨在回答以下问题:在民事案件中,发现假新星的原因是如何作为二次审查的基础的?以及如何在民事案件中对发现假novum的原因进行法律分析作为二次审查的依据。在民事案件中接受第二次审查的理由是,万隆地区法院的刑事法官发现了一处被宣布为虚假的novum,该novum有污点,其理由属于第67条第(a)款的标准,该条规定:“如果判决是基于对方当事人在案件判决后所知的谎言或诡计,或基于后来被刑事法官宣布为虚假的证据”,则不被列为认定无罪的理由或存在两个相互矛盾的司法判决的原因。其次,在数据和刑事案件中的第二次审查仅限于两个相互关联的司法决定(SEMA第10号,2009年)的原因,因此除了这些原因之外,最高法院从未发布过与第二种司法审查机制相关的政策,包括基于公共法院合法且令人信服地发现新情况的理由。
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引用次数: 0
Perkawinan Beda Agama Perspektif Majelis Ulama Indonesia dan Muhammadiyah 跨宗教婚姻观点的学者议会和穆罕默德
Pub Date : 2019-06-03 DOI: 10.15642/ALHUKAMA.2019.9.01.195-230
Miftah Bil Ibad
This article discusses interfaith marriage law according to the fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council and Muhammadiyah. According to the MUI’s fatwa, interfaith marriages are unlawful with the proposition of chapter of al-Baqarah verse 221. While Muhammadiyah believes interfaith marriages are permissible on the basis of al-Maidah verse 5. MUI forbids interfaith marriages because it can lead to conflicts between Muslims and cause unrest in the community. Muhammadiyah allows interfaith marriages because in Islamic history it is known that the Prophet Muhammad was married to a Christian woman from Egypt, namely Maria al-Qibthiyyah. Some of the Companions of the Prophet also married the women of the Book. MUI equates ahlu al-Kitab (Nashrani and Jewish) including the category of polytheists, while Muhammadiyah considers that women from ahlu al-Kitab does not include polytheists as stated in chapter al-Baqarah verse 221. This is because according to Muhammadiyah there are many verses that distinguish between ahlu al-Kitab and polytheism by considering the linguistic analysis in chapter al-Baqarah verse 105 and al-Bayyinah verse 1.
本文根据印尼乌里玛理事会和默罕默迪亚的法特瓦讨论宗教间婚姻法。根据MUI的教令,不同宗教间的婚姻是非法的,根据al-Baqarah第221节的主张。穆罕默德认为,根据迈达节第5节,不同宗教间的婚姻是允许的。MUI禁止跨宗教婚姻,因为这可能导致穆斯林之间的冲突,并导致社区动荡。穆罕默德教允许不同信仰的人通婚,因为在伊斯兰教的历史上,先知穆罕默德娶了一位来自埃及的基督徒妇女,即玛丽亚·阿尔·奇布西耶。先知的一些同伴也娶了《古兰经》中的女人。MUI认为ahlu al-Kitab(纳什拉尼和犹太人)包括多神教徒的范畴,而穆罕默德迪亚认为ahlu al-Kitab的妇女不包括多神教徒,如巴卡拉章221节所述。这是因为根据穆罕默德的说法,有许多经文通过考虑巴卡拉章第105节和巴伊纳节第1节的语言分析来区分ahlu al-Kitab和多神论。
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引用次数: 2
Kekuatan Hukum Penyelesaian Sengketa Waris Melalui Mediator Tokoh Masyarakat di Desa Wonosalam Kecamatan Wonosalam Kabupaten Demak
Pub Date : 2019-06-03 DOI: 10.15642/alhukama.2019.9.1.47-75
Ahmad Mahrus
This article is a field research to answer the role of community leaders as mediators in the settlement of inheritance disputes in Wonosalam, Demak and how the legal power of resolving inheritance disputes through mediator community leaders in Wonosalam, Demak. Research data are collected through interviews and observations, then are analyzed with descriptive analytical techniques with inductive thought pattern. Wonosalam community leaders have an important role in the settlement of inheritance disputes, namely as a mediator, including: opening and leading the mediation process, explaining and determining the heirs' parts, providing the best advice and solutions, deciding and determining what has been agreed by the parties to the dispute, preventing the emergence of even bigger disputes, and still maintaining harmony and harmony in social life. The results of the settlement of inheritance disputes through mediators of community leaders in Wonosalam do not have an enforceable legal force, because they are not confirmed by making a peace certificate or a peace agreement letter, which is contained in: article 27 of the Supreme Court Regulation No. 1 of 2016 concerning Mediation Procedures and article 1851 Civil Code. Nevertheless, the determination of community leaders as mediators in the settlement of inheritance disputes is obeyed and implemented by the people of Wonosalam.
本文通过实地研究,回答了社区领袖在解决丹麦沃诺萨拉姆州遗产纠纷中作为调解人的作用,以及通过调解人解决遗产纠纷的法律权力如何在丹麦沃诺萨拉姆州社区领袖。通过访谈和观察收集研究数据,然后用归纳思维模式的描述性分析技术进行分析。Wonosalam社区领袖在解决继承纠纷中发挥着重要的作用,即作为调解人,包括:开启和领导调解过程,解释和确定继承人的部分,提供最佳建议和解决方案,决定和确定争议各方已达成的协议,防止出现更大的争议,并仍然保持社会生活的和谐与和谐。通过乌诺萨兰社区领导人调解人解决继承纠纷的结果不具有可执行的法律效力,因为它们没有通过制作和平证书或和平协议函来确认,这载于:2016年最高法院关于调解程序的第1号条例第27条和《民法典》第1851条。然而,沃诺萨兰人民遵守并执行了社区领导人作为解决继承纠纷调解人的决心。
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引用次数: 1
Ekploitasi Tubuh Aktivis Perempuan Pengurus Cabang Pergerakan Mahasiswa Islam Indonesia Kabupaten Malang
Pub Date : 2019-06-03 DOI: 10.15642/alhukama.2019.9.1.149-171
Ahmad Zainuri
In implementing the works program of the Branch Management of Indonesian Islamic Students Movement of Malang Regency, for the sake of a good and interesting event, the owners of power use female activists to become workers. Women activists must carry out tasks that are not in accordance with their job descriptions, get coercion from fellow activists to carry out tasks that they themselves have not yet experienced and only try first, and the most striking is when female activists are not happy if there is a women's development program. The practice of exploitation of these women activists, seen in this article, uses Michel Foucault's body discipline theory. The body's discipline works as a normalization of behavior designed by utilizing the productive and reproductive abilities of the human body. The practice of power through disciplining the body, creates a situation where the individual body can internalize submission and make it look like a normal state. This practice is what Foucault calls the normalization of power over the individual body. Individuals will never feel that they are being used and subjugated because they already consider it to be within reasonable limits. It can also be said that this is a veiled exploitation.
在执行玛琅摄政印度尼西亚伊斯兰学生运动支部管理的工作计划中,为了一个好的有趣的事件,权力的所有者使用女性活动家成为工人。女性活动人士必须执行与自己的工作描述不相符的任务,被其他活动人士强迫去执行自己还没有经历过的任务,只能先尝试,最令人震惊的是,如果有一个女性发展项目,女性活动人士就会不高兴。从这篇文章中可以看出,对这些女性活动家的剥削实践,使用了米歇尔·福柯的身体纪律理论。身体的纪律是通过利用人体的生产和繁殖能力而设计的行为的规范化。权力的实践通过约束身体,创造了一种情况,在这种情况下,个体的身体可以内化服从,并使其看起来像一个正常的状态。这种实践就是福柯所说的对个体身体的权力的正常化。个人永远不会觉得自己被利用和被征服,因为他们已经认为这是在合理的范围内。也可以说,这是一种含蓄的剥削。
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引用次数: 0
Analisis Yuridis Perceraian Luar Pengadilan di Desa Nyormanis Kecamatan Blega Kabupaten Bangkalan Madura
Pub Date : 2019-03-27 DOI: 10.15642/alhukama.2019.9.2.433-458
Kurnia Pasa Dwi Putri, Adinda Dian Eka Saputri, N. Firdausi, Luthfia Chairun Nisa
Law in Indonesian has regulated the procedures for marriage, divorce, and reconciliation in Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage. And also stated in Law No. 22 of 1946 concerning the Recording of Divorce and Referrals. From the explanation contained in the positive law, it can be seen that the meaning of divorce is the breaking of the marriage ties of a married couple as a result of the failure to carry out the marriage due to several things such as death and court decisions. Divorce in law of Indonesian must be announced before the court. The pronouncement of divorce before the court is a mandate from article 115 of the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) which reads “Divorce can only be conducted in front of a Religious Court hearing after the Religious Court has tried and failed to reconcile the two parties.” But in fact, there are still many Indonesian people who do divorce not before the court. Divorce which is done outside the court is very negative, especially for the wife. Divorce is done only by word alone without going through a pledge in front of the court, then the state does not want to recognize the divorce, so that if the wife wants to remarry with another person, then it cannot be done because the wife does not have an official divorce certificate from the court.
印度尼西亚的法律在1974年关于婚姻的第1号法律中规定了结婚、离婚和和解的程序。1946年第22号关于离婚记录和转介的法律也有规定。从实在法的解释可以看出,离婚的含义是由于死亡和法院判决等几种原因导致婚姻未能履行而导致已婚夫妇的婚姻关系破裂。根据印度尼西亚的法律,离婚必须在法院宣布。根据《伊斯兰教法汇编》(KHI)第115条的规定,在法院面前宣布离婚是一项授权,该条规定:“离婚只能在宗教法庭审判双方和解失败后,在宗教法庭听证会前进行。”但事实上,仍然有很多印尼人在法庭前离婚。庭外离婚是非常消极的,尤其是对妻子来说。离婚只是口头上的,没有经过法庭面前的宣誓,那么国家就不想承认离婚,所以如果妻子想和另一个人再婚,那么就不能这样做,因为妻子没有法庭颁发的正式离婚证书。
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引用次数: 1
Implementasi Isbat Nikah Massal di Madura: Kajian Sosiologis-Filosofis 马杜拉大众婚姻问题的实施:社会学-哲学研究
Pub Date : 2019-03-25 DOI: 10.15642/alhukama.2019.9.2.347-372
Muh. Fathoni Hasyim
Marriage is a very important and sacred event in married life. Marriage is a legitimate starting point to establish kinship and brotherhood of the two extended families. So, it’s not uncommon for a wedding to be enlivened by a lively party, spending a very large budget. Nevertheless, there is a certain community in Madura that ignores it, so it does not record it in the official institution, the KUA (the Office of Religious Affairs). Even though marriage registration brings benefit, justice and protection of civil rights as well as preventive measures in preventing unawareness, so that the MWC NU of Gapura, Sumenep runs a program called “Mass Isbat Nikah”. The above problems raise two questions. Why do many isbat of marriage occur in a married couple? and how is the implementation? The review of this article will focus on how the implementation of mass marital marriage in Madura with socio-philosophical analysis.    
结婚是婚姻生活中非常重要和神圣的事件。婚姻是两个大家庭建立亲属关系和兄弟情谊的合法起点。因此,花费大量预算,通过热闹的派对来活跃婚礼是很常见的。然而,在马杜拉有一个特定的社区忽视它,所以它没有在官方机构KUA(宗教事务办公室)中记录它。尽管婚姻登记带来了利益、正义和公民权利的保护,以及防止不知情的预防措施,所以Gapura, Sumenep的MWC NU开展了一个名为“Mass Isbat Nikah”的项目。上述问题提出了两个问题。为什么许多婚姻纠纷发生在已婚夫妇身上?它是如何实现的呢?本文将以社会哲学的分析来回顾大规模婚姻是如何在马杜拉实施的。
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引用次数: 1
Idiosinkrasi Istri dalam Mencarikan Pasangan Baru Bagi Suami Perspektif Gender 妻子在为丈夫的性别观点寻找新伴侣方面的白痴行为
Pub Date : 2019-03-17 DOI: 10.15642/alhukama.2019.9.2.325-346
Hawa’ Hidayatul Hikmiyah
The ideology of a wife in finding a new wife for her husband is considered to be another behavior of most wives in general. Every wife will not want to be polygamy by her husband, but in contrast to the behavior of the wives in the polygamy community is destiny, the majority of wives in the community are competing in achieving God's blessing by finding a new wife for her husband. The wife's behavior is not in the context of pressure from anywhere, which means finding a new wife for the husband purely from his own initiative. With the afterlife orientation, the wives seek, choose and also prepare the husband's marriage with a new wife. There are several motives that influence the idiosyncracy of these wives, including economic, religious, traditional and political motives. In the gender context of a marriage must meet four indicators namely access must be owned by each husband and wife in the family, get a fair role for what the husband and wife do, exercise the same rights and obligations especially in decision making in the family, and benefit from each other in domestic life. In practice polygamy families will have difficulty meeting the four indicators above. Because initially in the condition of the household not always together so that it will affect access, the division of family roles and responsibilities, especially in making all household decisions. Even though there are several motives in polygamy initiated by the wife, it will still have an impact that is vulnerable to family conflicts.
妻子为丈夫寻找新妻子的意识形态被认为是大多数妻子的另一种行为。每个妻子都不希望被丈夫一夫多妻,但与一夫多妻社区中妻子的行为是命运相反,社区中的大多数妻子都在竞争,通过为丈夫找一个新妻子来实现上帝的祝福。妻子的行为不是在任何压力的背景下,这意味着为丈夫找一个新妻子纯粹是他自己的主动。以来世为导向,妻子寻找、选择并准备丈夫与新妻子的婚姻。有几个动机影响这些妻子的特质,包括经济、宗教、传统和政治动机。在婚姻的性别背景下,必须满足四个指标,即丈夫和妻子在家庭中的权利必须由双方拥有,丈夫和妻子在家庭中所做的事情得到公平的作用,行使同样的权利和义务,特别是在家庭决策中,并在家庭生活中相互受益。实际上,一夫多妻制家庭将难以达到上述四个指标。因为最初在家庭的条件下不总是在一起,这样就会影响到进入、家庭角色和责任的分工,特别是在做出所有家庭决定时。尽管由妻子发起的一夫多妻制有多种动机,但它仍然会产生影响,容易受到家庭冲突的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Kategori Perkawinan Belum Tercatat dalam Blangko Kartu Keluarga Perspektif Yuridis 婚姻类别尚未在Blangko家庭卡的专业视角中列出
Pub Date : 2019-03-17 DOI: 10.15642/alhukama.2019.9.2.296-324
Amanda Zubaidah Aljarofi
This article discusses marital status in a family card that has a registered marriage and an unregistered marriage. The important question to be answered through this article is that the legal basis for making the marriage category has not been recorded as one of the marital status in the family card blank. The analysis is carried out using the applicable laws and regulations namely Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, Government Regulation Number 9 of 1975 concerning Implementation of Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, Compilation of Islamic Law, and Regulation of the Minister of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia Number 19 of 2018 concerning Marriage Registration. Changes in marital status in family card blanks regulated in Minister of Domestic Affairs Regulation Number 118 of 2017 concerning Family Card Blanks, Registration and Quotation of Civil Registration Deed, caused the Directorate General of Population and Civil Registration of the Ministry of Home Affairs of Indonesia to make the development of the population database change to SIAK 7. This change has caused the registration of marriages which initially functioned to guarantee legal order as instruments of legal certainty through proof of marriages, to be disorderly in the law. It is because in the long-term marriages have not been recorded and remain facilitated by the state through fulfillment of administrative rights.
本文讨论了有登记婚姻和无登记婚姻的家庭卡中的婚姻状况。通过本文要回答的一个重要问题是,在家庭登记卡空白中未将婚姻状况列为婚姻类别的法律依据。分析是根据适用的法律和法规进行的,即1974年关于婚姻的第1号法律、1975年关于实施1974年关于婚姻的第1号法律的第9号政府法规、伊斯兰教法汇编和印度尼西亚共和国宗教部长关于婚姻登记的2018年第19号条例。2017年第118号关于家庭卡空白、民事登记契约的登记和报价的内务部长条例规定的家庭卡空白中婚姻状况的变化,导致印度尼西亚内政部人口和民事登记总局将人口数据库的开发更改为SIAK 7。这一变化使婚姻登记在法律上变得混乱,而婚姻登记最初的作用是通过婚姻证明作为法律确定性的工具来保障法律秩序。这是因为长期以来,婚姻并没有被记录下来,而是由国家通过行使行政权力来促进。
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引用次数: 2
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