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2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications最新文献

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Occluded Pedestrian Tracking Using Body-Part Tracklets 使用身体部分跟踪器的遮挡行人跟踪
J. Sherrah
Detection of pedestrians under occlusion has been addressed previously with body-part-based approaches, in particular using the generalised Hough transform. Tracking is usually addressed by first detecting pedestrians in each frame independently and then tracking the detections over time. This paper presents a novel variation on the generalised Hough approach: tracking is performed first, and detection second. Robust features on a pedestrian are tracked over short time-frames to form tracklets. Not only do tracklets reduce false alarms due to unstable features, but they provide temporal correspondence information in Hough space. Consequently tracking can be posed as optimal path finding in Hough space and efficiently solved using the Viterbi algorithm. The paper also presents an improvement to the random Hough forest training method by using multi-objective optimisation.
遮挡下行人的检测以前已经用基于身体部位的方法解决了,特别是使用广义霍夫变换。跟踪通常是通过首先在每个帧中独立检测行人,然后随时间跟踪检测来解决的。本文提出了广义霍夫方法的一种新变体:首先进行跟踪,然后进行检测。在短时间内跟踪行人的鲁棒特征以形成tracklet。tracklet不仅减少了由于不稳定特征而导致的误报,而且还提供了霍夫空间中的时间对应信息。因此,跟踪可以作为霍夫空间的最优寻径,并使用维特比算法有效地求解。本文还提出了一种基于多目标优化的随机霍夫森林训练方法。
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引用次数: 2
Two Non-linear Parametric Models of Contrast Enhancement for DCE-MRI of the Breast Amenable to Fitting Using Linear Least Squares 两种适合线性最小二乘拟合的乳腺dce mri对比度增强非线性参数模型
A. Mehnert, M. Wildermoth, S. Crozier, E. Bengtsson, D. Kennedy
This paper proffers two non-linear empirical parametric models—linear slope and Ricker—for use in characterising contrast enhancement in dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI. The advantage of these models over existing empirical parametric and pharmacokinetic models is that they can be fitted using linear least squares (LS). This means that fitting is quick, there is no need to specify initial parameter estimates, and there are no convergence issues. Furthermore the LS fit can itself be used to provide initial parameter estimates for a subsequent NLS fit (self-starting models). The results of an empirical evaluation of the goodness of fit (GoF) of these two models, measured in terms of both MSE and R^2, relative to a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model and the Hayton model are also presented. The GoF was evaluated using both routine clinical breast MRI data and a single high temporal resolution breast MRI data set. The results demonstrate that the linear slope model fits the routine clinical data better than any of the other models and that the two parameter self-starting Ricker model fits the data nearly as well as the three parameter Hayton model. This is also demonstrated by the results for the high temporal data and for several temporally sub-sampled versions of this data.
本文提供了两个非线性经验参数模型-线性斜率和里克-用于表征动态对比度增强(DCE) MRI的对比度增强。与现有的经验参数模型和药代动力学模型相比,这些模型的优势在于它们可以使用线性最小二乘(LS)进行拟合。这意味着拟合是快速的,不需要指定初始参数估计,也没有收敛问题。此外,LS拟合本身可用于为后续的NLS拟合(自启动模型)提供初始参数估计。本文还介绍了两种模型相对于两室药代动力学模型和Hayton模型的拟合优度(GoF)的经验评估结果,以MSE和R^2来衡量。使用常规临床乳房MRI数据和单一高时间分辨率乳房MRI数据集评估GoF。结果表明,线性斜率模型与常规临床数据的拟合效果较好,两参数自启动Ricker模型与三参数Hayton模型的拟合效果接近。高时间数据和该数据的几个时间次采样版本的结果也证明了这一点。
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引用次数: 3
Automated Detection of the Occurrence and Changes of Hot-Spots in Intro-subject FDG-PET Images from Combined PET-CT Scanners PET-CT联合扫描引入主体FDG-PET图像中热点发生及变化的自动检测
Jiyong Wang, D. Feng, Yong Xia
Dual-modality PET-CT imaging has been prevalently used as an essential diagnostic tool for monitoring treatment response in malignant disease patients. However, evaluation of treatment outcomes in serial scans by visual inspecting multiple PET-CT volumes is time consuming and laborious. In this paper, we propose an automated algorithm to detect the occurrence and changes of hot-spots in intro-subject FDG-PET images from combined PET-CT scanners. In this algorithm, multiple CT images of the same subject are aligned by using an affine transformation, and the estimated transformation is then used to align the corresponding PET images into the same coordinate system. Hot-spots are identified using thresholding and region growing with parameters determined specifically for different body parts. The changes of the detected hot-spots over time are analysed and presented. Our results in 19 clinical PET-CT studies demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has a good performance.
双模态PET-CT成像已被广泛用作监测恶性疾病患者治疗反应的基本诊断工具。然而,通过视觉检查多个PET-CT体积来评估连续扫描的治疗结果是费时费力的。在本文中,我们提出了一种自动检测从PET-CT联合扫描仪中提取的引入主体FDG-PET图像中热点的发生和变化的算法。该算法通过仿射变换对同一主体的多幅CT图像进行对齐,然后利用估计的变换将相应的PET图像对齐到同一坐标系中。使用阈值法和区域生长法对不同身体部位的参数进行识别。分析并给出了探测到的热点随时间的变化。我们在19个临床PET-CT研究的结果表明,我们提出的算法具有良好的性能。
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引用次数: 1
Sparse Update for Loopy Belief Propagation: Fast Dense Registration for Large State Spaces 环形信念传播的稀疏更新:大状态空间的快速密集配准
Pengdong Xiao, N. Barnes, P. Lieby, T. Caetano
A dense point-based registration is an ideal starting point for detailed comparison between two neuroanatomical objects. This paper presents a new algorithm for global dense point-based registration between anatomical objects without assumptions about their shape. We represent mesh models of the surfaces of two similar 3D anatomical objects using a Markov Random Field and seek correspondence pairs between points in each shape. However, for densely sampled objects the set of possible point by point correspondences is very large. We solve the global non-rigid matching problem between the two objects in an efficient manner by applying loopy belief propagation. Typically loopy belief propagation is of order m^3 for each iteration, where m is the number of nodes in a mesh. By avoiding computation of probabilities of configurations that cannot occur in practice, we reduce this to order m^2. We demonstrate the method and its performance by registering hippocampi from a population of individuals aged 60-69. We find a corresponding rigid registration, and compare the results to a state-of-the-art technique and show comparable accuracy. Our method provides a global registration without prior information about alignment, and handles arbitrary shapes of spherical topology.
密集的基于点的配准是两个神经解剖对象之间详细比较的理想起点。提出了一种不考虑物体形状的全局密集点配准算法。我们使用马尔可夫随机场表示两个相似的三维解剖物体表面的网格模型,并在每个形状中寻找点之间的对应对。然而,对于密集采样的对象,可能的点对点对应的集合非常大。采用循环信念传播的方法,有效地解决了两目标间的全局非刚性匹配问题。典型的循环信念传播是每次迭代的m^3阶,其中m是网格中的节点数。为了避免在实际中不可能出现的配置概率的计算,我们将其降低到m^2阶。我们通过登记来自60-69岁人群的海马来证明该方法及其性能。我们找到了相应的刚性配准,并将结果与最先进的技术进行比较,并显示出相当的准确性。我们的方法提供了一种全局配准,不需要预先的对准信息,并且可以处理任意形状的球面拓扑。
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引用次数: 1
Local Adaptive SVM for Object Recognition 局部自适应支持向量机的目标识别
Nayyar Zaidi, D. Squire
The Support Vector Machine (SVM) is an effective classification tool. Though extremely effective, SVMs are not a panacea. SVM training and testing is computationally expensive. Also, tuning the kernel parameters is a complicated procedure. On the other hand, the Nearest Neighbor (KNN) classifier is computationally efficient. In order to achieve the classification efficiency of an SVM and the computational efficiency of a KNN classifier, it has been shown previously that, rather than training a single global SVM, a separate SVM can be trained for the neighbourhood of each query point. In this work, we have extended this Local SVM (LSVM) formulation. Our Local Adaptive SVM (LASVM) formulation trains a local SVM in a modified neighborhood space of a query point. The main contributions of the paper are twofold: First, we present a novel LASVM algorithm to train a local SVM. Second, we discuss in detail the motivations behind the LSVM and LASVM formulations and its possible impacts on tuning the kernel parameters of an SVM. We found that training an SVM in a local adaptive neighborhood can result in significant classification performance gain. Experiments have been conducted on a selection of the UCIML, face, object, and digit databases.
支持向量机(SVM)是一种有效的分类工具。尽管支持向量机非常有效,但它并不是万能药。支持向量机的训练和测试在计算上是昂贵的。此外,调优内核参数是一个复杂的过程。另一方面,最近邻(KNN)分类器的计算效率很高。为了实现支持向量机的分类效率和KNN分类器的计算效率,以前已经证明,与其训练单个全局支持向量机,不如针对每个查询点的邻域训练单独的支持向量机。在这项工作中,我们扩展了这个局部支持向量机(LSVM)公式。我们的局部自适应支持向量机(LASVM)公式在查询点的修改邻域空间中训练一个局部支持向量机。本文的主要贡献有两个方面:首先,我们提出了一种新的LASVM算法来训练局部支持向量机。其次,我们详细讨论了LSVM和LASVM公式背后的动机及其对SVM内核参数调优的可能影响。我们发现在局部自适应邻域中训练支持向量机可以显著提高分类性能。实验已在选定的UCIML、人脸、对象和数字数据库上进行。
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引用次数: 9
Image Retrieval with a Visual Thesaurus 图像检索与一个视觉同义词典
Yanzhi Chen, A. Dick, A. Hengel
Current state-of-art of image retrieval methods represent images as an unordered collection of local patches, each of which is classified as a "visual word" from a fixed vocabulary. This paper presents a simple but innovative way to uncover the spatial relationship between visual words so that we can discover words that represent the same latent topic and thereby improve the retrieval results. The method in this paper is borrowed from text retrieval, and is analogous to a text thesaurus in that it describes a broad set of equivalence relationship between words. We evaluate our method on the popular Oxford Building dataset. This makes it possible to compare our method with previous work on image retrieval, and the results show that our method is comparable to more complex state of the art methods.
目前的图像检索方法将图像表示为局部斑块的无序集合,每个局部斑块被分类为固定词汇表中的“视觉词”。本文提出了一种简单而创新的方法来揭示视觉词之间的空间关系,从而发现代表同一潜在主题的词,从而提高检索结果。本文的方法借鉴了文本检索的方法,类似于文本同义词典,它描述了一组广泛的词与词之间的等价关系。我们在流行的牛津大厦数据集上评估了我们的方法。这使得将我们的方法与以前的图像检索工作进行比较成为可能,结果表明我们的方法可以与更复杂的最先进的方法相媲美。
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引用次数: 3
A Compressive Sensing Approach to Image Restoration 一种压缩感知图像恢复方法
Matthew Andrew Kitchener, A. Bouzerdoum, S. L. Phung
In this paper the image restoration problem is solved using a Compressive Sensing approach, and the translation invariant, a Trous, undecimated wavelet transform. The problem is cast as an unconstrained optimization problem which is solved using the Fletcher-Reeves nonlinear conjugate gradient method. A comparison based on experimental results shows that the proposed method achieves comparable if not better performance as other state-of-the-art techniques.
本文采用压缩感知方法和平移不变量(troous、未消差的小波变换)来解决图像恢复问题。将该问题转化为无约束优化问题,采用Fletcher-Reeves非线性共轭梯度法求解。基于实验结果的比较表明,该方法达到了与其他先进技术相当的性能。
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引用次数: 2
An Enhancement to SIFT-Based Techniques for Image Registration 基于sift的图像配准技术的改进
Md. Tanvir Hossain, S. Teng, Guojun Lu, M. Lackmann
Symmetric-SIFT is a recently proposed local technique used for registering multimodal images. It is based on a well-known general image registration technique named Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT). Symmetric SIFT makes use of the gradient magnitude information at the image’s key regions to build the descriptors. In this paper, we highlight an issue with how the magnitude information is used in this process. This issue may result in similar descriptors being built to represent regions in images that are visually different. To address this issue, we have proposed two new strategies for weighting the descriptors. Our experimental results show that Symmetric-SIFT descriptors built using our proposed strategies can lead to better registration accuracy than descriptors built using the original Symmetric-SIFT technique. The issue highlighted and the two strategies proposed are also applicable to the general SIFT technique.
对称sift是最近提出的一种用于多模态图像配准的局部技术。它基于一种著名的通用图像配准技术——尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)。对称SIFT利用图像关键区域的梯度幅度信息来构建描述子。在本文中,我们强调了在这个过程中如何使用震级信息的问题。这个问题可能会导致构建类似的描述符来表示图像中视觉上不同的区域。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了两个新的描述符加权策略。我们的实验结果表明,使用我们提出的策略构建的对称- sift描述子比使用原始对称- sift技术构建的描述子具有更好的配准精度。所强调的问题和提出的两种策略也适用于一般的SIFT技术。
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引用次数: 11
Re-texturing by Intrinsic Video 通过内在视频重新纹理
Jianbing Shen, Xing Yan, Lin Chen, Hanqiu Sun, Xuelong Li
In this paper, we present a novel re-texturing approach using intrinsic video. Our approach begins with indicating the regions of interests by contour-aware layer segmentation. Then, the intrinsic video (including reflectance and illumination components) within the segmented region is recovered by our weighted energy optimization. After that, we compute the normals for the re-textured region, and the texture coordinates in key frames through our newly developed optimization approach. At the same time, the texture coordinates in non-key frames are optimized by our proposed energy function. Finally, when the target sample texture is specified, the re-textured video is created by multiplying the re-textured reflectance component by the original illumination component within the replaced region. As demonstrated in our experimental results, our method can produce high quality video re-texturing results with preserving the lighting and shading effect of the original video.
在本文中,我们提出了一种利用内禀视频的纹理重建方法。我们的方法首先通过轮廓感知层分割来指示感兴趣的区域。然后,通过加权能量优化恢复分割区域内的固有视频(包括反射率和光照分量)。然后,我们通过新开发的优化方法计算重新纹理区域的法线和关键帧的纹理坐标。同时,利用能量函数对非关键帧的纹理坐标进行优化。最后,当指定目标样本纹理时,通过将重新纹理的反射率分量乘以替换区域内的原始照明分量来创建重新纹理的视频。实验结果表明,我们的方法可以在保留原始视频的明暗效果的情况下产生高质量的视频重纹理效果。
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引用次数: 21
Segmentation of Carotid Arteries in CTA Images 颈动脉在CTA图像中的分割
R. Beare, W. Chong, M. Ren, G. Das, V. Srikanth, T. Phan
Stenos is of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is implicated in approximately one quarter of stroke cases. The degree of stenos is is currently used to decide whether to undertake a surgical procedure to reduce the risk of further stroke. However it is known that the degree of stenos is is not a good predictor of stroke risk. It is hoped that prediction might be improved by incorporation of other geometric factors. This paper describes a data driven approach using classical methods from the field of mathematical morphology to automatically segment the carotid artery tree in computed tomography angiography (CTA) images following user initialization. The resulting segmentation may be used to characterize the the arterial geometery in a variety of more complex ways than is possible using manual approaches.
大约四分之一的中风病例与颈内动脉(ICA)狭窄有关。血管狭窄的程度目前被用来决定是否进行外科手术以降低进一步中风的风险。然而,众所周知,狭窄程度并不能很好地预测中风的风险。希望通过结合其他几何因素来改进预测。本文描述了一种数据驱动的方法,使用数学形态学领域的经典方法,在用户初始化后自动分割计算机断层扫描血管造影(CTA)图像中的颈动脉树。所得到的分割可以用来表征动脉几何形状的各种更复杂的方式比可能使用人工方法。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2010 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications
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