Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/PPC.2017.8291208
R. Saethre, M. Plum
The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) Proton Power Upgrade (PPU) will double the beam power from 1.4 to 2.8 MW by adding cavities in the superconducting linear accelerator (SCL) which will increase the beam energy from 0.97 to 1.3 GeV and by increasing the average linac beam current from 26 to 38 mA. Provisions for an accelerator power increase were made in the original SNS project, and these are being leveraged to provide a cost-effective means of doubling the beam power. The magnet systems were originally designed for the higher beam energies except for a few in the injection and extraction regions of the accumulator ring. Three injection region magnets will be redesigned. The eight injection-bump kicker power supplies will be upgraded to permit higher current operation and two additional extraction kicker power supplies and magnets will be added. This paper will review the requirements and options for the magnets and power supplies for the injection and extraction regions.
{"title":"SNS proton power upgrade requirements for magnet and kicker systems","authors":"R. Saethre, M. Plum","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2017.8291208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2017.8291208","url":null,"abstract":"The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) Proton Power Upgrade (PPU) will double the beam power from 1.4 to 2.8 MW by adding cavities in the superconducting linear accelerator (SCL) which will increase the beam energy from 0.97 to 1.3 GeV and by increasing the average linac beam current from 26 to 38 mA. Provisions for an accelerator power increase were made in the original SNS project, and these are being leveraged to provide a cost-effective means of doubling the beam power. The magnet systems were originally designed for the higher beam energies except for a few in the injection and extraction regions of the accumulator ring. Three injection region magnets will be redesigned. The eight injection-bump kicker power supplies will be upgraded to permit higher current operation and two additional extraction kicker power supplies and magnets will be added. This paper will review the requirements and options for the magnets and power supplies for the injection and extraction regions.","PeriodicalId":247019,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 21st International Conference on Pulsed Power (PPC)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130892786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/PPC.2017.8291183
S. Coffey, B. Lewis, J. Sedillo, J. D. Salazar
This paper describes the hardware changes made to the triggering system of the HERMES III accelerator at Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico. The HERMES III accelerator is a gamma ray simulator producing 100 kRad dose per shot with a full width half max pulse duration of approximately 25 nanoseconds and averaging six shots per day. For each accelerator test, approximately 400 probe signals are recorded over approximately 65 digitizers. The original digitizer trigger system employed numerous independent legacy signal generators resulting in non-referenceable digitizer time bases. We detail our efforts to reference the digitizer time bases together using a modular and scalable approach with commercial-off-the-shelf components. This upgraded trigger system presently measures a maximum digitizer trigger time spread of less than two nanoseconds across the 65+ digitizers. This document details the hardware changes, provides a summary of the accelerator charging process, presents “one-line” trigger system diagrams and summarizes the times of interest for a typical HERMES accelerator shot.
{"title":"Trigger system changes for the HERMES III accelerator","authors":"S. Coffey, B. Lewis, J. Sedillo, J. D. Salazar","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2017.8291183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2017.8291183","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the hardware changes made to the triggering system of the HERMES III accelerator at Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico. The HERMES III accelerator is a gamma ray simulator producing 100 kRad dose per shot with a full width half max pulse duration of approximately 25 nanoseconds and averaging six shots per day. For each accelerator test, approximately 400 probe signals are recorded over approximately 65 digitizers. The original digitizer trigger system employed numerous independent legacy signal generators resulting in non-referenceable digitizer time bases. We detail our efforts to reference the digitizer time bases together using a modular and scalable approach with commercial-off-the-shelf components. This upgraded trigger system presently measures a maximum digitizer trigger time spread of less than two nanoseconds across the 65+ digitizers. This document details the hardware changes, provides a summary of the accelerator charging process, presents “one-line” trigger system diagrams and summarizes the times of interest for a typical HERMES accelerator shot.","PeriodicalId":247019,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 21st International Conference on Pulsed Power (PPC)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134173969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/PPC.2017.8291320
B. L. Le Galloudec, P. Arnold, E. Carroll, G. James, T. Runtal, D. Acosta-Lech, Tyron L. Bettis, J. Foley, A. Harkey, Candace M. Jones, N. Lao, M. Mcintosh, M. Munguía, H. Nghiem, D. Schwedler, D. Taylor
The National Ignition Facility (NIF), the world's most energetic laser, focuses 192 laser beams onto a pea-sized target inside a 10-meter diameter target chamber. While relying on its three major pulsed power systems to generate more than 1.8 MJ of UV light, NIF benefits from several other pulsed power applications, ranging from the low power front end of the laser to diagnostics for a broad spectrum of physics experiments. In this paper, we will discuss our recent development efforts and provide a projection into the future of the NIF pulsed power projects, including a diode-pumped Nd: glass amplifier, an RF tool for monitoring the health of the amplifier capacitor banks and ongoing solid-state pulser development that allows reliable triple pulsing of the Plasma Electrode Pockels Cell (PEPC). We will also describe developments that may contribute to the success of the future physics experiments including the design of a pulsed power system that will provide a uniform 30–50 T magnetic field at the target, and a fast, gated cathode for streak cameras, permitting significant reduction in the effects of background light.
{"title":"Pulsed power projects within the national ignition facility","authors":"B. L. Le Galloudec, P. Arnold, E. Carroll, G. James, T. Runtal, D. Acosta-Lech, Tyron L. Bettis, J. Foley, A. Harkey, Candace M. Jones, N. Lao, M. Mcintosh, M. Munguía, H. Nghiem, D. Schwedler, D. Taylor","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2017.8291320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2017.8291320","url":null,"abstract":"The National Ignition Facility (NIF), the world's most energetic laser, focuses 192 laser beams onto a pea-sized target inside a 10-meter diameter target chamber. While relying on its three major pulsed power systems to generate more than 1.8 MJ of UV light, NIF benefits from several other pulsed power applications, ranging from the low power front end of the laser to diagnostics for a broad spectrum of physics experiments. In this paper, we will discuss our recent development efforts and provide a projection into the future of the NIF pulsed power projects, including a diode-pumped Nd: glass amplifier, an RF tool for monitoring the health of the amplifier capacitor banks and ongoing solid-state pulser development that allows reliable triple pulsing of the Plasma Electrode Pockels Cell (PEPC). We will also describe developments that may contribute to the success of the future physics experiments including the design of a pulsed power system that will provide a uniform 30–50 T magnetic field at the target, and a fast, gated cathode for streak cameras, permitting significant reduction in the effects of background light.","PeriodicalId":247019,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 21st International Conference on Pulsed Power (PPC)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134333803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/PPC.2017.8291217
Yougn-Maan Cho, Ji-Eun Baek, Chang-Jin Lee, K. Ko
The coupling path of high power electromagnetic (HPEM) to electronic devices is divided into following two ways, one is the Front-door coupling and the other is the Back-door coupling [1]. The former is flow in an intended path such as antennas or sensors and the latter is inflow through an unintended path such as holes or cables. As HPEM pulse has higher power and it causes larger damage to electronic devices, it is necessary to research the protection method of RF systems affected by HPEM pulse in the front-end coupling path case. In this paper, the design parameters of the plasma limiter are analyzed for optimal design to protect against HPEM pulse. There are several limiters to reduce high power microwave power such as solid-state limiter and ferrite materials, etc [2]. but the plasma limiter uses the discharge electrode in waveguide [3]. Therefore it is suitable to protect HPEM pulse before it reaches the RF front-end system. Despite the ability to defend highpower microwave, the plasma limiter has some problem such as its expensive cost and complicated process than semiconductor limiters, so the research for optimal design is essential. Using our analysis on design parameters of the plasma limiter, it is expected that to improve a protecting performance and to figure out the optimal design.
{"title":"Analysis on design parameters of plasma limiter for protecting against high power electromagnetic pulse","authors":"Yougn-Maan Cho, Ji-Eun Baek, Chang-Jin Lee, K. Ko","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2017.8291217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2017.8291217","url":null,"abstract":"The coupling path of high power electromagnetic (HPEM) to electronic devices is divided into following two ways, one is the Front-door coupling and the other is the Back-door coupling [1]. The former is flow in an intended path such as antennas or sensors and the latter is inflow through an unintended path such as holes or cables. As HPEM pulse has higher power and it causes larger damage to electronic devices, it is necessary to research the protection method of RF systems affected by HPEM pulse in the front-end coupling path case. In this paper, the design parameters of the plasma limiter are analyzed for optimal design to protect against HPEM pulse. There are several limiters to reduce high power microwave power such as solid-state limiter and ferrite materials, etc [2]. but the plasma limiter uses the discharge electrode in waveguide [3]. Therefore it is suitable to protect HPEM pulse before it reaches the RF front-end system. Despite the ability to defend highpower microwave, the plasma limiter has some problem such as its expensive cost and complicated process than semiconductor limiters, so the research for optimal design is essential. Using our analysis on design parameters of the plasma limiter, it is expected that to improve a protecting performance and to figure out the optimal design.","PeriodicalId":247019,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 21st International Conference on Pulsed Power (PPC)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131977240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/ppc.2017.8291167
D. Molchanov, V. Vazhov, I. Lavrinovich, V. Lavrinovich, N. Ratakhin
Ever-increasing energy demands require new energy sources. Modern oil extraction industry is targeted to extracting oil products at large depths [1]. Some European countries, for example, Switzerland, Germany, develop technologies for geothermal energy harvesting from the natural heat of the Earth [2]. Accomplishing these goals needs new scientific approach to deep and ultra-deep drilling. One of the most efficient methods of ultra-deep boring is electro-pulse disintegration of rocks [3], which is based on the effect of discharge channel penetration into a solid discovered in Tomsk, Russia [4-6]. Clearly, the location of a high-voltage pulse generator on the surface decreases the efficiency of energy transfer to a well bottom and hence the drilling efficiency. For enhancing the efficiency, the generator should be located in the immediate proximity to the drill head, i.e., it should be downhole. Here we consider the possibility of designing and using a downhole generator based on a line pulse transformer (LPT generator) for electro-pulse-boring of rocks. Preliminary laboratory tests on different rock samples demonstrate that the LPT generator provides a 30 % higher specific output compared to Marx generators conventionally used in the technology. The LPT generator design is rather simple and admits a smaller number of switches, which increases its reliability and lifetime. It is also possible to realize an LPT circuit with a pulse current generator (LPT-PCG circuit) to further enhance the discharge energy and the generator efficiency compared to Marx generators.
{"title":"Downhole generator based on a line pulse transformer for electro pulse drilling","authors":"D. Molchanov, V. Vazhov, I. Lavrinovich, V. Lavrinovich, N. Ratakhin","doi":"10.1109/ppc.2017.8291167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ppc.2017.8291167","url":null,"abstract":"Ever-increasing energy demands require new energy sources. Modern oil extraction industry is targeted to extracting oil products at large depths [1]. Some European countries, for example, Switzerland, Germany, develop technologies for geothermal energy harvesting from the natural heat of the Earth [2]. Accomplishing these goals needs new scientific approach to deep and ultra-deep drilling. One of the most efficient methods of ultra-deep boring is electro-pulse disintegration of rocks [3], which is based on the effect of discharge channel penetration into a solid discovered in Tomsk, Russia [4-6]. Clearly, the location of a high-voltage pulse generator on the surface decreases the efficiency of energy transfer to a well bottom and hence the drilling efficiency. For enhancing the efficiency, the generator should be located in the immediate proximity to the drill head, i.e., it should be downhole. Here we consider the possibility of designing and using a downhole generator based on a line pulse transformer (LPT generator) for electro-pulse-boring of rocks. Preliminary laboratory tests on different rock samples demonstrate that the LPT generator provides a 30 % higher specific output compared to Marx generators conventionally used in the technology. The LPT generator design is rather simple and admits a smaller number of switches, which increases its reliability and lifetime. It is also possible to realize an LPT circuit with a pulse current generator (LPT-PCG circuit) to further enhance the discharge energy and the generator efficiency compared to Marx generators.","PeriodicalId":247019,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 21st International Conference on Pulsed Power (PPC)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130186463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/PPC.2017.8291180
Mustafa Karagoz, Y. Çevik, E. Tan, A. Civil, O. Cavbozar, U. Gocmen, Baran Yıldırım, Emre Durna, M. S. Sahin
ASELSAN Inc. has been conducting experimental research on electromagnetic launchers since 2014. A 1 MJ Pulsed Power Supply (PPS) and 25 mm × 25 mm square bore 3 meters EMFY-1 Electromagnetic Launcher have been built at ASELSAN. This paper represents results of the first experiments of EMFY-1 Electromagnetic Launcher with 1 MJ PPS and c-type aluminum armature. The pulse currents of the PPS modules are measured by Rogowski current probes. The muzzle voltage of the launcher is measured to analyze the contact quality between armature and the rails. The velocity of the projectile is calculated from the B-dot probes' outputs.
{"title":"Aselsan EMFY-1 Electromagnetic launcher: First experiments","authors":"Mustafa Karagoz, Y. Çevik, E. Tan, A. Civil, O. Cavbozar, U. Gocmen, Baran Yıldırım, Emre Durna, M. S. Sahin","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2017.8291180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2017.8291180","url":null,"abstract":"ASELSAN Inc. has been conducting experimental research on electromagnetic launchers since 2014. A 1 MJ Pulsed Power Supply (PPS) and 25 mm × 25 mm square bore 3 meters EMFY-1 Electromagnetic Launcher have been built at ASELSAN. This paper represents results of the first experiments of EMFY-1 Electromagnetic Launcher with 1 MJ PPS and c-type aluminum armature. The pulse currents of the PPS modules are measured by Rogowski current probes. The muzzle voltage of the launcher is measured to analyze the contact quality between armature and the rails. The velocity of the projectile is calculated from the B-dot probes' outputs.","PeriodicalId":247019,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 21st International Conference on Pulsed Power (PPC)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116458730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/PPC.2017.8291212
S. Coffey, Adam Circle, B. Ulmen, C. Grabowski, N. Joseph, B. Lewis, Victor-Harper-Slaboszewicz
This paper describes the software changes made to the data processing and display system for HERMES III accelerator at the Simulation Technology Laboratory (STL) at Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico. The HERMES III accelerator is a gamma ray simulator producing 100kRad[Si] dose per shot with a full width half max pulse duration of ~25 nanoseconds averaging six shots per day. For each accelerator test approximately 400 probe signals are recorded over approximately 65 digitizers. The original data processing system provided the operator a report summarizing the start of probe signal timings for groups of probes located within the power flow conductors. This timing information is indicative of power flow symmetry allowing the operator to make necessary adjustments prior to the next test. The report also provided data overlays concerning laser trigger light output, x-ray diode currents and x-ray source output. Power flow in the HERMES III accelerator is comprised of many circuit paths and detailed current and voltage information within these paths could provide a more thorough understanding of accelerator operation and performance, however this information was either not quickly available to the operators or the display of the data was not optimum. We expanded our data processing abilities to determine the current and voltage amplitudes throughout the power flow conductors and improved the data display abilities so data plots can be presented in a more organized fashion. We detail our efforts creating a software program capable of processing the ~ 400 probe signals together with an organized method for displaying the dozens of current and voltage probes. This process is implemented immediately after all digitizer data has been collected so the operator is provided timing and power flow information shortly after each accelerator shot.
{"title":"Automatic data processing and data display system for the hermes III accelerator","authors":"S. Coffey, Adam Circle, B. Ulmen, C. Grabowski, N. Joseph, B. Lewis, Victor-Harper-Slaboszewicz","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2017.8291212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2017.8291212","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the software changes made to the data processing and display system for HERMES III accelerator at the Simulation Technology Laboratory (STL) at Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico. The HERMES III accelerator is a gamma ray simulator producing 100kRad[Si] dose per shot with a full width half max pulse duration of ~25 nanoseconds averaging six shots per day. For each accelerator test approximately 400 probe signals are recorded over approximately 65 digitizers. The original data processing system provided the operator a report summarizing the start of probe signal timings for groups of probes located within the power flow conductors. This timing information is indicative of power flow symmetry allowing the operator to make necessary adjustments prior to the next test. The report also provided data overlays concerning laser trigger light output, x-ray diode currents and x-ray source output. Power flow in the HERMES III accelerator is comprised of many circuit paths and detailed current and voltage information within these paths could provide a more thorough understanding of accelerator operation and performance, however this information was either not quickly available to the operators or the display of the data was not optimum. We expanded our data processing abilities to determine the current and voltage amplitudes throughout the power flow conductors and improved the data display abilities so data plots can be presented in a more organized fashion. We detail our efforts creating a software program capable of processing the ~ 400 probe signals together with an organized method for displaying the dozens of current and voltage probes. This process is implemented immediately after all digitizer data has been collected so the operator is provided timing and power flow information shortly after each accelerator shot.","PeriodicalId":247019,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 21st International Conference on Pulsed Power (PPC)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114581704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/PPC.2017.8291288
W. K. Zhao, R. Xu, C. Ren, J. Wang, P. Yan
The surface flashover voltage of insulator is mainly affected by surface properties of materials. Surface treatment technology has become an important technical means to improve flashover voltage. In this paper, the surface of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was modified by nitrogen ion implantation. And the properties of the sample were analyzed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), megger and surface flashover experimental system The experimental results show that the surface flashover voltage of PTFE modified by ion implantation increase remarkably. After ion implantation, the defluorination and oxidation occur on the surface of the PTFE, the surface resistivity decrease by 2 orders of magnitude. The surface flashover voltage increase with the increase of injection energy.
{"title":"Surface flashover properties in vacuum of PTFE modified by ion implantation","authors":"W. K. Zhao, R. Xu, C. Ren, J. Wang, P. Yan","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2017.8291288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2017.8291288","url":null,"abstract":"The surface flashover voltage of insulator is mainly affected by surface properties of materials. Surface treatment technology has become an important technical means to improve flashover voltage. In this paper, the surface of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was modified by nitrogen ion implantation. And the properties of the sample were analyzed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), megger and surface flashover experimental system The experimental results show that the surface flashover voltage of PTFE modified by ion implantation increase remarkably. After ion implantation, the defluorination and oxidation occur on the surface of the PTFE, the surface resistivity decrease by 2 orders of magnitude. The surface flashover voltage increase with the increase of injection energy.","PeriodicalId":247019,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 21st International Conference on Pulsed Power (PPC)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131819331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/PPC.2017.8291290
P. Tracz
The Gamma Beam System at the ELI-NP (Extreme Light Infrastructure — Nuclear Physics) is the future user research facility currently being constructed in Magurele/Bucharest, Romania. The ELI-NP is one of the three pillars of the pan-European research facility Extreme Light Infrastructure [1]. The GBS is the high-brilliance, advanced source of gamma rays, based on the laser Compton back-scattering. It will have unique features in the world such as a high brilliance, small relative bandwidth, tunable energy, and high spectral density [2]. The facility will open new opportunities for nuclear physics research in fields like nuclear photonics, nuclear astrophysics, photo-fission, and production of exotic nuclei, applications in industry, medicine, and space science. The Gamma Beam System was designed and is being constructed by the EuroGammaS Association. This is a consortium of European academic and research institutions and industrial partners. In the paper overview of the Gamma Beam System at the ELI-NP is given.
{"title":"ELI-NP gamma beam system — New facility for nuclear physics research","authors":"P. Tracz","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2017.8291290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2017.8291290","url":null,"abstract":"The Gamma Beam System at the ELI-NP (Extreme Light Infrastructure — Nuclear Physics) is the future user research facility currently being constructed in Magurele/Bucharest, Romania. The ELI-NP is one of the three pillars of the pan-European research facility Extreme Light Infrastructure [1]. The GBS is the high-brilliance, advanced source of gamma rays, based on the laser Compton back-scattering. It will have unique features in the world such as a high brilliance, small relative bandwidth, tunable energy, and high spectral density [2]. The facility will open new opportunities for nuclear physics research in fields like nuclear photonics, nuclear astrophysics, photo-fission, and production of exotic nuclei, applications in industry, medicine, and space science. The Gamma Beam System was designed and is being constructed by the EuroGammaS Association. This is a consortium of European academic and research institutions and industrial partners. In the paper overview of the Gamma Beam System at the ELI-NP is given.","PeriodicalId":247019,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 21st International Conference on Pulsed Power (PPC)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133991019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-01DOI: 10.1109/PPC.2017.8291239
M. Collins, C. Martins
In order to generate high voltage high pulsed power, klystron modulators necessarily contain at least one capacitor bank charging structure supplying the energy to be released during the pulse. Conventional charging structures are based on AC/DC front-end units typically based on diode rectifiers combined with on/off controlled power charging structures as a second stage, producing prohibitive levels of grid flicker and harmonic contents on the AC grid side while operating at suboptimal power factor; problems usually corrected by both costly and spacious external grid compensators. Today, the increased demand on both accelerator peak power and pulse length (translating into higher average power), in conjunction with stricter regulations and standards represent additional challenges also in modulators' design. An alternative method for capacitor bank charging, implying use of a combination of a grid connected Active Front End (AFE) and a DC/DC buck converter is proposed. The AFE controls the AC line current to be sinusoidal (reducing harmonic content) and in phase with the AC line voltage (minimizing reactive power). The DC/DC converter is regulated in current mode for instantaneous constant power charging by measuring capacitor bank voltage and adjusting the current reference to match the exact average power consumed by the load over a pulse repetition cycle, allowing in steady state for complete reduction of the grid flicker despite the heavily pulsed loads. This paper explains in detail the working principle behind the proposed power electronic structure and associated control methodology, and provides successful power quality results obtained both in simulation and from experiments carried out on a klystron modulator prototype delivering long pulses (3.5 ms), high voltage (115 kV), and high pulsed power (peak power > 2 MW).
{"title":"A constant power capacitor charging structure for flicker mitigation in high power long pulse klystron modulators","authors":"M. Collins, C. Martins","doi":"10.1109/PPC.2017.8291239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PPC.2017.8291239","url":null,"abstract":"In order to generate high voltage high pulsed power, klystron modulators necessarily contain at least one capacitor bank charging structure supplying the energy to be released during the pulse. Conventional charging structures are based on AC/DC front-end units typically based on diode rectifiers combined with on/off controlled power charging structures as a second stage, producing prohibitive levels of grid flicker and harmonic contents on the AC grid side while operating at suboptimal power factor; problems usually corrected by both costly and spacious external grid compensators. Today, the increased demand on both accelerator peak power and pulse length (translating into higher average power), in conjunction with stricter regulations and standards represent additional challenges also in modulators' design. An alternative method for capacitor bank charging, implying use of a combination of a grid connected Active Front End (AFE) and a DC/DC buck converter is proposed. The AFE controls the AC line current to be sinusoidal (reducing harmonic content) and in phase with the AC line voltage (minimizing reactive power). The DC/DC converter is regulated in current mode for instantaneous constant power charging by measuring capacitor bank voltage and adjusting the current reference to match the exact average power consumed by the load over a pulse repetition cycle, allowing in steady state for complete reduction of the grid flicker despite the heavily pulsed loads. This paper explains in detail the working principle behind the proposed power electronic structure and associated control methodology, and provides successful power quality results obtained both in simulation and from experiments carried out on a klystron modulator prototype delivering long pulses (3.5 ms), high voltage (115 kV), and high pulsed power (peak power > 2 MW).","PeriodicalId":247019,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 21st International Conference on Pulsed Power (PPC)","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132872785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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