Pub Date : 2015-12-03DOI: 10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342262
Aysan Keskin, F. Genc, S. A. Arpali, Omer Kemal Catmakas, Y. Baykal, Ç. Arpali
In this paper, the optical transmittance and bit error rate (BER) of focused and collimated laser beams are experimentally examined in an underwater optical wireless communication link with different water types. The water types used are fresh water, salty water and their variations with maalox in order to obtain turbid water. In bit error rate (BER) analysis, on-off keying (OOK) is used together with Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) and convolutional codes. Results show that salt and maalox content decreases the transmittance, the convolution codes have better BER performance than BCH codes under the same modulation scheme (i.e., OOK) and focusing improves both the transmittance and BER performance as compared to collimated beams.
{"title":"Effects of focused and collimated laser beams on the performance of underwater wireless optical communication links","authors":"Aysan Keskin, F. Genc, S. A. Arpali, Omer Kemal Catmakas, Y. Baykal, Ç. Arpali","doi":"10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342262","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the optical transmittance and bit error rate (BER) of focused and collimated laser beams are experimentally examined in an underwater optical wireless communication link with different water types. The water types used are fresh water, salty water and their variations with maalox in order to obtain turbid water. In bit error rate (BER) analysis, on-off keying (OOK) is used together with Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) and convolutional codes. Results show that salt and maalox content decreases the transmittance, the convolution codes have better BER performance than BCH codes under the same modulation scheme (i.e., OOK) and focusing improves both the transmittance and BER performance as compared to collimated beams.","PeriodicalId":247164,"journal":{"name":"2015 4th International Workshop on Optical Wireless Communications (IWOW)","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123681117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-03DOI: 10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342278
Waqas Hussain, H. F. Ugurdag, M. Uysal
This paper presents the implementation of an IEEE standard-based Visible Light Communication (VLC) system using software defined radio (SDR) approach. Based on widely used SDR platform Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) and visual programming language LabVIEW, we present a fully standard compliant implementation of all PHY I modes of the IEEE 802.15.7 standard. Rest of the equipments used in the experimental set-up are low cost and commercial off-the-shelf devices. We successfully demonstrate audio streaming through our software defined VLC system, which can transmit and receive data successfully up to 2 meters. We also present bit error rate results of all PHY I modes of IEEE 802.15.7 running on our VLC system, which operates at a distance of 1 meter.
{"title":"Software defined VLC system: Implementation and performance evaluation","authors":"Waqas Hussain, H. F. Ugurdag, M. Uysal","doi":"10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342278","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the implementation of an IEEE standard-based Visible Light Communication (VLC) system using software defined radio (SDR) approach. Based on widely used SDR platform Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) and visual programming language LabVIEW, we present a fully standard compliant implementation of all PHY I modes of the IEEE 802.15.7 standard. Rest of the equipments used in the experimental set-up are low cost and commercial off-the-shelf devices. We successfully demonstrate audio streaming through our software defined VLC system, which can transmit and receive data successfully up to 2 meters. We also present bit error rate results of all PHY I modes of IEEE 802.15.7 running on our VLC system, which operates at a distance of 1 meter.","PeriodicalId":247164,"journal":{"name":"2015 4th International Workshop on Optical Wireless Communications (IWOW)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130839993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-03DOI: 10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342269
A. Chaaban, J. Morvan, Mohamed-Slim Alouini
The capacity of the intensity-modulation direct-detection (IM-DD) free-space optical channel with both average and peak intensity constraints is studied. A new capacity lower bound is derived by using a truncated-Gaussian input distribution. Numerical evaluation shows that this capacity lower bound is nearly tight at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), while it is shown analytically that the gap to capacity upper bounds is a small constant at high SNR. In particular, the gap to the high-SNR asymptotic capacity of the channel under either a peak or an average constraint is small. This leads to a simple approximation of the high SNR capacity. Additionally, a new capacity upper bound is derived using sphere-packing arguments. This bound is tight at high SNR for a channel with a dominant peak constraint.
{"title":"Free-space optical communications with peak and average constraints: High SNR capacity approximation","authors":"A. Chaaban, J. Morvan, Mohamed-Slim Alouini","doi":"10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342269","url":null,"abstract":"The capacity of the intensity-modulation direct-detection (IM-DD) free-space optical channel with both average and peak intensity constraints is studied. A new capacity lower bound is derived by using a truncated-Gaussian input distribution. Numerical evaluation shows that this capacity lower bound is nearly tight at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), while it is shown analytically that the gap to capacity upper bounds is a small constant at high SNR. In particular, the gap to the high-SNR asymptotic capacity of the channel under either a peak or an average constraint is small. This leads to a simple approximation of the high SNR capacity. Additionally, a new capacity upper bound is derived using sphere-packing arguments. This bound is tight at high SNR for a channel with a dominant peak constraint.","PeriodicalId":247164,"journal":{"name":"2015 4th International Workshop on Optical Wireless Communications (IWOW)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132073107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-03DOI: 10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342261
M. Alouini, F. Marzano, Aysan Keskin, Fatih Genç, Serap Arpali, Ömer Çatmakaş, Yahya K. Baykal
Wireless communications using free space optics (FSO) are sensitive to atmospheric conditions. Clear-air turbulence can introduce severe impairments reducing FSO channel availability. Radiosounding profiles, available near Rome (Italy) and Munich (Germany), are used to estimate the power scintillation index through a new physical refractive index structure constant model and to estimate scintillation fade statistics for near-infrared FSO. Preliminary qualitative validation is performed using FSO campaign near Munich for both terrestrial and slant links.
{"title":"Clear-air turbulence effects modeling on terrestrial and satellite free-space optical channels","authors":"M. Alouini, F. Marzano, Aysan Keskin, Fatih Genç, Serap Arpali, Ömer Çatmakaş, Yahya K. Baykal","doi":"10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342261","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless communications using free space optics (FSO) are sensitive to atmospheric conditions. Clear-air turbulence can introduce severe impairments reducing FSO channel availability. Radiosounding profiles, available near Rome (Italy) and Munich (Germany), are used to estimate the power scintillation index through a new physical refractive index structure constant model and to estimate scintillation fade statistics for near-infrared FSO. Preliminary qualitative validation is performed using FSO campaign near Munich for both terrestrial and slant links.","PeriodicalId":247164,"journal":{"name":"2015 4th International Workshop on Optical Wireless Communications (IWOW)","volume":"53 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132359294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-03DOI: 10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342276
Navid Banihassan, F. Akhoundi, J. Salehi
In this paper we introduce two adaptive power control algorithms for downlink of underwater wireless optical cellular networks. The first approach is based on the angle of user's position with respect to optical base transceiver station (OBTS) of the cell. The second scheme works according to the link distance between the user and the OBTS. Defining an optimization problem, we aim to guaranty the quality of service for each user while minimizing the transmitting power. In our methods, we utilize limited feedback channel state information (CSI) so that the algorithm could be implemented with low complexity. The simulation results for different water types demonstrate that our proposed algorithms outperform the non-adaptive scheme.
{"title":"Adaptive power control algorithms in underwater wireless optical CDMA cellular networks","authors":"Navid Banihassan, F. Akhoundi, J. Salehi","doi":"10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342276","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we introduce two adaptive power control algorithms for downlink of underwater wireless optical cellular networks. The first approach is based on the angle of user's position with respect to optical base transceiver station (OBTS) of the cell. The second scheme works according to the link distance between the user and the OBTS. Defining an optimization problem, we aim to guaranty the quality of service for each user while minimizing the transmitting power. In our methods, we utilize limited feedback channel state information (CSI) so that the algorithm could be implemented with low complexity. The simulation results for different water types demonstrate that our proposed algorithms outperform the non-adaptive scheme.","PeriodicalId":247164,"journal":{"name":"2015 4th International Workshop on Optical Wireless Communications (IWOW)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128565355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-03DOI: 10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342260
F. Moll
The paper addresses the experimental investigation of intensity scintillation for characterization of optical Low Earth Orbit-ground communications. In the framework of a former measurement campaign in 2006 and 2009, recordings of intensity scintillation were taken using a pupil plane camera. These recordings are analyzed and intensity scintillation index and correlation width are derived for seven satellite passes. Mean values of the measurements are created and compared to common theory. The mean of correlation width coincides well with the theoretical model. The intensity scintillation index shows deviation in the focusing regime but agreement otherwise.
{"title":"Experimental characterization of intensity scintillation in the LEO downlink","authors":"F. Moll","doi":"10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342260","url":null,"abstract":"The paper addresses the experimental investigation of intensity scintillation for characterization of optical Low Earth Orbit-ground communications. In the framework of a former measurement campaign in 2006 and 2009, recordings of intensity scintillation were taken using a pupil plane camera. These recordings are analyzed and intensity scintillation index and correlation width are derived for seven satellite passes. Mean values of the measurements are created and compared to common theory. The mean of correlation width coincides well with the theoretical model. The intensity scintillation index shows deviation in the focusing regime but agreement otherwise.","PeriodicalId":247164,"journal":{"name":"2015 4th International Workshop on Optical Wireless Communications (IWOW)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127942599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-03DOI: 10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342266
T. Ozbilgin, S. Sahin
We investigate the effect of atmosphere and device parameters on the performance of satellite-to-ground optical links. The parameters that we take into account are link distance, Rytov variance, wavelength, Fried parameter, zenith angle, aperture diameter, beam waist and jitter variance. We consider two modulation schemes, pulse position modulation (PPM) and binary polarization shift keying (BPOLSK), and evaluate the performance for both uncoded and coded systems considering single and multiple aperture receivers. The results show that especially for large zenith angles the performance loss can be compensated with diversity and coding and thus communication time that the satellite and ground station stay connected can be extended.
{"title":"On the performance of satellite-to-ground optical communication over atmospheric turbulence channels with pointing errors","authors":"T. Ozbilgin, S. Sahin","doi":"10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342266","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the effect of atmosphere and device parameters on the performance of satellite-to-ground optical links. The parameters that we take into account are link distance, Rytov variance, wavelength, Fried parameter, zenith angle, aperture diameter, beam waist and jitter variance. We consider two modulation schemes, pulse position modulation (PPM) and binary polarization shift keying (BPOLSK), and evaluate the performance for both uncoded and coded systems considering single and multiple aperture receivers. The results show that especially for large zenith angles the performance loss can be compensated with diversity and coding and thus communication time that the satellite and ground station stay connected can be extended.","PeriodicalId":247164,"journal":{"name":"2015 4th International Workshop on Optical Wireless Communications (IWOW)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133290076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-03DOI: 10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342272
M. Gökçe, Y. Baykal, M. Uysal
Multiple-input single-output (MISO) techniques are employed in free space optical (FSO) systems to mitigate the degrading effects of atmospheric turbulence and therefore the link reliability is improved. In this paper, we consider an incoherent radial array beams and a finite sized slow detector for MISO FSO systems. We have derived the average power and power correlation formulas on the finite sized slow detector using the Huygens Fresnel principle in weak atmospheric turbulence. This helps us to find the system performance, such as power scintillation and aperture averaging factor. Effect of system parameters such as the source size, the ring radius, the degree of coherence, the link distance, the structure constant and the receiver aperture radius are analyzed on the performance of MISO FSO systems.
{"title":"Effect of partial coherence on MISO FSO systems","authors":"M. Gökçe, Y. Baykal, M. Uysal","doi":"10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342272","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple-input single-output (MISO) techniques are employed in free space optical (FSO) systems to mitigate the degrading effects of atmospheric turbulence and therefore the link reliability is improved. In this paper, we consider an incoherent radial array beams and a finite sized slow detector for MISO FSO systems. We have derived the average power and power correlation formulas on the finite sized slow detector using the Huygens Fresnel principle in weak atmospheric turbulence. This helps us to find the system performance, such as power scintillation and aperture averaging factor. Effect of system parameters such as the source size, the ring radius, the degree of coherence, the link distance, the structure constant and the receiver aperture radius are analyzed on the performance of MISO FSO systems.","PeriodicalId":247164,"journal":{"name":"2015 4th International Workshop on Optical Wireless Communications (IWOW)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131074281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-09-07DOI: 10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342254
C. L. Bas, S. Sahuguède, A. Julien-Vergonjanne, A. Behlouli, P. Combeau, L. Aveneau
In this paper we study the impact of both receiver orientation and position on Visible Light Communication (VLC) performance when it is worn by a moving person in indoor environment. This is the case for example of a tablet or smartphone. Because of person mobility within the environment, there are cases where Line of Sight (LOS) paths from optical light sources at the ceiling cannot be collected by the receiver. In those cases, high order reflections are taken into account for channel modeling purpose. We evaluate the performance in term of outage probability and show that Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) impact is more important when considering receiver orientation variations and this all the more as the data rate is high. In addition for a given quality of service we determine the minimum transmitted power needed to achieve data rate up to 1 Gbps. We verify that considering at least 3 order reflection constitutes an accurate way to quantify the receiver orientation impact.
{"title":"Impact of receiver orientation and position on Visible Light Communication link performance","authors":"C. L. Bas, S. Sahuguède, A. Julien-Vergonjanne, A. Behlouli, P. Combeau, L. Aveneau","doi":"10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342254","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we study the impact of both receiver orientation and position on Visible Light Communication (VLC) performance when it is worn by a moving person in indoor environment. This is the case for example of a tablet or smartphone. Because of person mobility within the environment, there are cases where Line of Sight (LOS) paths from optical light sources at the ceiling cannot be collected by the receiver. In those cases, high order reflections are taken into account for channel modeling purpose. We evaluate the performance in term of outage probability and show that Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) impact is more important when considering receiver orientation variations and this all the more as the data rate is high. In addition for a given quality of service we determine the minimum transmitted power needed to achieve data rate up to 1 Gbps. We verify that considering at least 3 order reflection constitutes an accurate way to quantify the receiver orientation impact.","PeriodicalId":247164,"journal":{"name":"2015 4th International Workshop on Optical Wireless Communications (IWOW)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124044151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-09-07DOI: 10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342281
E. Sarbazi, M. Safari, H. Haas
In this paper a novel photon counting receiver for optical communication applications is proposed. The proposed receiver is a single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array which can provide a significantly improved detection sensitivity compared to conventional photodiodes. First, the detection statistics and main characteristics of a single SPAD receiver is presented, and the effects of the SPAD dead time, which is introduced by the quenching process, on the counting probability and effective count rate are studied. The approach is then extended to account for SPAD arrays. Using a Gaussian approximation, the counting distribution of a large size SPAD array is derived and effective count rate of arrays with different sizes is evaluated and compared. It is found that even in SPAD arrays, dead time still has a significant role in the maximum achievable count rate, and the fill factor of the array greatly affects the performance and count rate and has to be carefully dealt with. The impact of SPAD background counts and fill factor on the error performance of an on-off keying (OOK) modulation optical communication system is also investigated. It is shown that the bit error rate (BER) depends critically on back ground counts and improves with increasing fill factor.
{"title":"Photon detection characteristics and error performance of SPAD array optical receivers","authors":"E. Sarbazi, M. Safari, H. Haas","doi":"10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWOW.2015.7342281","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a novel photon counting receiver for optical communication applications is proposed. The proposed receiver is a single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array which can provide a significantly improved detection sensitivity compared to conventional photodiodes. First, the detection statistics and main characteristics of a single SPAD receiver is presented, and the effects of the SPAD dead time, which is introduced by the quenching process, on the counting probability and effective count rate are studied. The approach is then extended to account for SPAD arrays. Using a Gaussian approximation, the counting distribution of a large size SPAD array is derived and effective count rate of arrays with different sizes is evaluated and compared. It is found that even in SPAD arrays, dead time still has a significant role in the maximum achievable count rate, and the fill factor of the array greatly affects the performance and count rate and has to be carefully dealt with. The impact of SPAD background counts and fill factor on the error performance of an on-off keying (OOK) modulation optical communication system is also investigated. It is shown that the bit error rate (BER) depends critically on back ground counts and improves with increasing fill factor.","PeriodicalId":247164,"journal":{"name":"2015 4th International Workshop on Optical Wireless Communications (IWOW)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124630742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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