Detection of scene changes is an elementary step in automatic video processing like indexing, segmentation or transcoding. Video indexing and segmentation allow fast browsing without decoding the complete video. In the case of transcoding, the information about scene changes such as cuts and fades as well as about special movements like rotations or zooms in video frames is helpful to determine suitable transcoding parameters. In the compressed domain only information about DCT values as well as motion information can be used to determine such scene changes and movements. Therefore we defined different measures which use the encoded DCT values and motion vectors of each compressed frame. Based on these measures as well as on motion vector histograms we present a fast approach to detect different kinds of scene changes and special movements in MPEG-4 videos in the compressed domain.
{"title":"Fast Frame-Based Scene Change Detection in the Compressed Domain for MPEG-4 Video","authors":"J. Brandt, J. Trotzky, L. Wolf","doi":"10.1109/NGMAST.2008.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NGMAST.2008.39","url":null,"abstract":"Detection of scene changes is an elementary step in automatic video processing like indexing, segmentation or transcoding. Video indexing and segmentation allow fast browsing without decoding the complete video. In the case of transcoding, the information about scene changes such as cuts and fades as well as about special movements like rotations or zooms in video frames is helpful to determine suitable transcoding parameters. In the compressed domain only information about DCT values as well as motion information can be used to determine such scene changes and movements. Therefore we defined different measures which use the encoded DCT values and motion vectors of each compressed frame. Based on these measures as well as on motion vector histograms we present a fast approach to detect different kinds of scene changes and special movements in MPEG-4 videos in the compressed domain.","PeriodicalId":247507,"journal":{"name":"2008 The Second International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services, and Technologies","volume":"73 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131412044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Existing network QoS models do not sufficiently reflect the challenges faced by high-throughput, always-on, inelastic multimedia applications. In this paper, a utility-based QoS model is proposed as a user layer extension to existing communication QoS models to better assess the requirements of multimedia applications and manage the QoS provisioning of multimedia flows. Network impairment utility functions are derived from user experiments and combined to application utility functions to evaluate the application quality. Simulation is used to demonstrate the validity of the proposed QoS model.
{"title":"A Utility-Based QoS Model for Emerging Multimedia Applications","authors":"Mu Mu, A. Mauthe, Francisco Garcia","doi":"10.1109/NGMAST.2008.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NGMAST.2008.24","url":null,"abstract":"Existing network QoS models do not sufficiently reflect the challenges faced by high-throughput, always-on, inelastic multimedia applications. In this paper, a utility-based QoS model is proposed as a user layer extension to existing communication QoS models to better assess the requirements of multimedia applications and manage the QoS provisioning of multimedia flows. Network impairment utility functions are derived from user experiments and combined to application utility functions to evaluate the application quality. Simulation is used to demonstrate the validity of the proposed QoS model.","PeriodicalId":247507,"journal":{"name":"2008 The Second International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services, and Technologies","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114303337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Singh, Árpád Huszák, David Ros, C. Viho, G. Jeney
In wireless networks, congestion control, alone, may not be enough to ensure good quality of multimedia streaming and efficient utilization of the network. Packet losses due to the high bit error rate not only degrade the multimedia quality, but render the current congestion control algorithms as inefficient: these algorithms back-off on every packet loss even when there is no congestion. In this paper we study the case of pre-recorded multimedia streaming over wireless networks. We integrate the congestion control schemes with an adaptive retransmission scheme in order to selectively retransmit some lost multimedia packets. Moreover, we integrate a wireless loss estimation scheme to improve the efficiency of congestion control. Our results show that the integrated scheme improves the multimedia quality due to the retransmission and recovery of some of the lost multimedia data. Moreover, the congestion control schemes, and hence the integrated retransmission scheme, show improved performance because of the wireless loss estimation.
{"title":"Congestion Control and Adaptive Retransmission for Multimedia Streaming over Wireless Networks","authors":"K. Singh, Árpád Huszák, David Ros, C. Viho, G. Jeney","doi":"10.1109/NGMAST.2008.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NGMAST.2008.74","url":null,"abstract":"In wireless networks, congestion control, alone, may not be enough to ensure good quality of multimedia streaming and efficient utilization of the network. Packet losses due to the high bit error rate not only degrade the multimedia quality, but render the current congestion control algorithms as inefficient: these algorithms back-off on every packet loss even when there is no congestion. In this paper we study the case of pre-recorded multimedia streaming over wireless networks. We integrate the congestion control schemes with an adaptive retransmission scheme in order to selectively retransmit some lost multimedia packets. Moreover, we integrate a wireless loss estimation scheme to improve the efficiency of congestion control. Our results show that the integrated scheme improves the multimedia quality due to the retransmission and recovery of some of the lost multimedia data. Moreover, the congestion control schemes, and hence the integrated retransmission scheme, show improved performance because of the wireless loss estimation.","PeriodicalId":247507,"journal":{"name":"2008 The Second International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services, and Technologies","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114537249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The retrieval of context information is usually limited on a single user. Though some context subscription methods do exist, the mechanisms are not optimised for distributing context information concerning a group of users. This paper presents a context management system that utilises the presence service architecture and user communities on top of P2PSIP network. The system is based on existing IETF standardisation efforts and utilises SIP-based messaging protocols in a novel way to improve management and distribution of community context information. The testing results show that our system clearly outperforms the method of individual subscriptions to context information when the number of members in a community increases. With large communities, the network traffic gain exceeds 60%, whereas the delay decreases to one-quarter.
{"title":"Partially Decentralised Context Management for P2P Communities","authors":"J. Pellikka, T. Koskela, M. Ylianttila","doi":"10.1109/NGMAST.2008.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NGMAST.2008.50","url":null,"abstract":"The retrieval of context information is usually limited on a single user. Though some context subscription methods do exist, the mechanisms are not optimised for distributing context information concerning a group of users. This paper presents a context management system that utilises the presence service architecture and user communities on top of P2PSIP network. The system is based on existing IETF standardisation efforts and utilises SIP-based messaging protocols in a novel way to improve management and distribution of community context information. The testing results show that our system clearly outperforms the method of individual subscriptions to context information when the number of members in a community increases. With large communities, the network traffic gain exceeds 60%, whereas the delay decreases to one-quarter.","PeriodicalId":247507,"journal":{"name":"2008 The Second International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services, and Technologies","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117241067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Web as a platform for networked applications is pushing for mobile phones. Will the mobile Web be about the same as the 'desktop Web' or an enabler for a completely new kind of applications? Based on our experiences in the area of location-based community applications for mobile devices, we developed a Web runtime environment for mobile phones named CAPgets. In this work we describe the requirements we started from, the resulting architecture, a first implementation of the architecture for Java-enabled mobile phones, and some simple examples for a location-based, mobile Web application.
{"title":"CAPgets: Mobile Web Runtime Environment for Community Applications","authors":"D. Linner, Steffen Krüssel, S. Steglich","doi":"10.1109/NGMAST.2008.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NGMAST.2008.89","url":null,"abstract":"The Web as a platform for networked applications is pushing for mobile phones. Will the mobile Web be about the same as the 'desktop Web' or an enabler for a completely new kind of applications? Based on our experiences in the area of location-based community applications for mobile devices, we developed a Web runtime environment for mobile phones named CAPgets. In this work we describe the requirements we started from, the resulting architecture, a first implementation of the architecture for Java-enabled mobile phones, and some simple examples for a location-based, mobile Web application.","PeriodicalId":247507,"journal":{"name":"2008 The Second International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services, and Technologies","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124011310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Al-Sbou, R. Saatchi, S. Al-Khayatt, R. Strachan, M. Ayyash, M. Saraireh
With the extensive growth of the Internet, wireless technology, and multimedia applications, quality of service (QoS) monitoring and measurement of the networks have become important. Network measurements are carried out to obtain information about important QoS parameters such as delay, loss and jitter. Each type of multimedia applications has its own requirements and limits on these parameters. To evaluate the QoS of multimedia applications transmitted over wireless networks, a fuzzy logic assessment system has been developed. The system showed how the end-to-end QoS could be measured without the necessity for complex mathematical models. The measured QoS were classified into three categories Good, Average, and Poor regions. In addition, and based on the proposed system, the distributions and the overall QoS were estimated. The results indicated that the measured QoS was a good indication of the network conditions and resource availability.
{"title":"A Novel Quality of Service Assessment of Multimedia Traffic over Wireless Ad Hoc Networks","authors":"Y. Al-Sbou, R. Saatchi, S. Al-Khayatt, R. Strachan, M. Ayyash, M. Saraireh","doi":"10.1109/NGMAST.2008.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NGMAST.2008.81","url":null,"abstract":"With the extensive growth of the Internet, wireless technology, and multimedia applications, quality of service (QoS) monitoring and measurement of the networks have become important. Network measurements are carried out to obtain information about important QoS parameters such as delay, loss and jitter. Each type of multimedia applications has its own requirements and limits on these parameters. To evaluate the QoS of multimedia applications transmitted over wireless networks, a fuzzy logic assessment system has been developed. The system showed how the end-to-end QoS could be measured without the necessity for complex mathematical models. The measured QoS were classified into three categories Good, Average, and Poor regions. In addition, and based on the proposed system, the distributions and the overall QoS were estimated. The results indicated that the measured QoS was a good indication of the network conditions and resource availability.","PeriodicalId":247507,"journal":{"name":"2008 The Second International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services, and Technologies","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122988859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper discusses an initiative to construct a capability repository that will assist Java-ME developers in device recognition. The repository will act as a collaboration tool for developers by allowing contributions and recommendations of capability attributes. The structure and the dynamics of the proposed repository are discussed. Throughout the paper, the value of such an initiative is emphasized based on the authorpsilas observations from evaluating a Java-ME mini browser.
{"title":"Towards a Capability Repository For Java-ME Enabled Devices","authors":"F. Meawad","doi":"10.1109/NGMAST.2008.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NGMAST.2008.103","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses an initiative to construct a capability repository that will assist Java-ME developers in device recognition. The repository will act as a collaboration tool for developers by allowing contributions and recommendations of capability attributes. The structure and the dynamics of the proposed repository are discussed. Throughout the paper, the value of such an initiative is emphasized based on the authorpsilas observations from evaluating a Java-ME mini browser.","PeriodicalId":247507,"journal":{"name":"2008 The Second International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services, and Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129097996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The influence of vegetation has become an important aspect of the design of wireless communication links. In recent years theory of Radiative Energy Transfer (RET) has been adapted as a reliable tool to predict the radiowave propagation through and near vegetation. The developed RET prediction model requires 4 input independent parameters, which so far had to be established from one measurement only, thus limiting their accuracy. An independent measurement which is termed the phase function can readily yield 2 of the 4 input parameters independently, which significantly increases the accuracy of these parameters. However one major factor influencing the phase function measurement is the radiation pattern of the receiving antenna. The measured curve will be the result of the convolution of the antenna radiation pattern and the phase function of the vegetation medium. The measurement curve therefore needs to undergo a deconvolution process before any RET input parameters can be derived from it. This paper presents the deconvolution method developed using optimal compensation deconvolution methods. Deconvolution is demonstrated using both simulation signal shapes and those measured in vegetation set up in the anechoic chamber. This paper discusses different cases of optimal compensation filtering with the relative curves shown.
{"title":"Restoration of the RET Phase Function Using Deconvolution","authors":"H. Cui, J. Richter, M. Al-Nuaimi, R. Caldeirinha","doi":"10.1109/NGMAST.2008.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NGMAST.2008.47","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of vegetation has become an important aspect of the design of wireless communication links. In recent years theory of Radiative Energy Transfer (RET) has been adapted as a reliable tool to predict the radiowave propagation through and near vegetation. The developed RET prediction model requires 4 input independent parameters, which so far had to be established from one measurement only, thus limiting their accuracy. An independent measurement which is termed the phase function can readily yield 2 of the 4 input parameters independently, which significantly increases the accuracy of these parameters. However one major factor influencing the phase function measurement is the radiation pattern of the receiving antenna. The measured curve will be the result of the convolution of the antenna radiation pattern and the phase function of the vegetation medium. The measurement curve therefore needs to undergo a deconvolution process before any RET input parameters can be derived from it. This paper presents the deconvolution method developed using optimal compensation deconvolution methods. Deconvolution is demonstrated using both simulation signal shapes and those measured in vegetation set up in the anechoic chamber. This paper discusses different cases of optimal compensation filtering with the relative curves shown.","PeriodicalId":247507,"journal":{"name":"2008 The Second International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services, and Technologies","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129159817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amel Bouzeghoub, Pierre-André Caron, Sarra Kaddouci, C. Lecocq, Xavier Le Pallec, François-Julien Ritaine, José Rouillard
We present in this paper the interest of ubiquitous computing for the so called contextualized forums. These forums allow communities of practice exchanging and sharing experiences or situations already lived by using learning documents to classify these exchanges. These forums contain a lot of information which contribute to improve classical training. We study here ubiquitous computing possibilities to use this type of forums in order to improve professional training to business process by helping the user to put his/her acquisition into practice. The developed application is being tested and works mainly on smartphones.
{"title":"Experiments in Ubiquitous Computing for Communities of Practice Using Learning Resources","authors":"Amel Bouzeghoub, Pierre-André Caron, Sarra Kaddouci, C. Lecocq, Xavier Le Pallec, François-Julien Ritaine, José Rouillard","doi":"10.1109/NGMAST.2008.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NGMAST.2008.70","url":null,"abstract":"We present in this paper the interest of ubiquitous computing for the so called contextualized forums. These forums allow communities of practice exchanging and sharing experiences or situations already lived by using learning documents to classify these exchanges. These forums contain a lot of information which contribute to improve classical training. We study here ubiquitous computing possibilities to use this type of forums in order to improve professional training to business process by helping the user to put his/her acquisition into practice. The developed application is being tested and works mainly on smartphones.","PeriodicalId":247507,"journal":{"name":"2008 The Second International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services, and Technologies","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130356936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IMS and other service platforms embrace the current trend of respecting the Internet paradigm of transport and application layers separation, yet building interfaces between both domains. We push forward this concept and consider "information transport" as any other service. By information transport service we refer to the task of making the information flow from one end of the network to the other. Descriptive factors of this service are the possible Quality of Service (QoS) warranties (e.g.bandwidth) and the tariffs, not necessarily exposed to the end user, but yes impacting the commercial parameters. AAA (Authentication, Authorization and Accounting) and composition systems in Service Platforms will then deal with "information transport" as with any other (billable) service like downloading an mp3 song. One of the main advantages is the widened applicability. Existing service management and composition techniques could be employed resulting on increased flexibility, new business possibilities and a better end service. We also discuss a Next Generation Network (NGN) architecture illustrating our approach.
{"title":"QoS-Enabled Information Transport: Yet Another Operator Service","authors":"A. Cuevas, J. I. Moreno, R. Aguiar","doi":"10.1109/NGMAST.2008.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NGMAST.2008.31","url":null,"abstract":"IMS and other service platforms embrace the current trend of respecting the Internet paradigm of transport and application layers separation, yet building interfaces between both domains. We push forward this concept and consider \"information transport\" as any other service. By information transport service we refer to the task of making the information flow from one end of the network to the other. Descriptive factors of this service are the possible Quality of Service (QoS) warranties (e.g.bandwidth) and the tariffs, not necessarily exposed to the end user, but yes impacting the commercial parameters. AAA (Authentication, Authorization and Accounting) and composition systems in Service Platforms will then deal with \"information transport\" as with any other (billable) service like downloading an mp3 song. One of the main advantages is the widened applicability. Existing service management and composition techniques could be employed resulting on increased flexibility, new business possibilities and a better end service. We also discuss a Next Generation Network (NGN) architecture illustrating our approach.","PeriodicalId":247507,"journal":{"name":"2008 The Second International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services, and Technologies","volume":"2426 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130810429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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