Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747945
Muthanna Al-Sarray, Haider Mhiesan, R. McCann, H. Liao
There is a need for improved methods in conducting reliability studies of electric power systems. This is motivated by NERC TPL-001-4 for analyzing N-1-1 contingency events. In this paper a new reliability analysis technique is developed. Referred to as a Risk-Based Reliability Method (RBRM), it is applied to a 68-bus, 16-machine IEEE benchmark to evaluate system reliability under N-1-1 analysis. Factors include the transmission line age, load flow under normal conditions and load flow under post-first-disturbance conditions. Results are also included where reliability factors are modified in order to improve the ability to identify and rank the most severe and highly probable contingencies.
{"title":"A risk-based reliability method for N-1-1 contingency analysis","authors":"Muthanna Al-Sarray, Haider Mhiesan, R. McCann, H. Liao","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747945","url":null,"abstract":"There is a need for improved methods in conducting reliability studies of electric power systems. This is motivated by NERC TPL-001-4 for analyzing N-1-1 contingency events. In this paper a new reliability analysis technique is developed. Referred to as a Risk-Based Reliability Method (RBRM), it is applied to a 68-bus, 16-machine IEEE benchmark to evaluate system reliability under N-1-1 analysis. Factors include the transmission line age, load flow under normal conditions and load flow under post-first-disturbance conditions. Results are also included where reliability factors are modified in order to improve the ability to identify and rank the most severe and highly probable contingencies.","PeriodicalId":249041,"journal":{"name":"2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114155990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747997
L. Dosiek
This paper examines the effects of using the derivative of a voltage angle signal to derive a frequency signal from Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) data in the presence of measurement noise. By expressing the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of the angle signal and the derived frequency signals in terms of correlation functions, the asymptotic behavior of numerical derivatives are studied. This provides insight as to how the derivative operation will potentially damage noise-corrupted PMU data to be analyzed by a mode meter. In particular the commonly used first order backwards difference (the `diff' function in MATLAB), the first order central difference, the second order backwards difference, and an angle differencing approach are studied. Data measured from PMUs in the WECC system are analyzed as are data simulated form a reduced-order model of the WECC system in order to better understand the correlation-based SNR expressions. The results presented herein provide a framework for the incorporation of measurement noise effects in mode meter algorithm performance and certification studies, and can provide a theoretical basis for the selection of a derivative filter for use in the preprocessing step of a mode meter algorithm.
{"title":"A framework for assessing methods of deriving frequency data from PMU voltage angles in the presence of measurement noise","authors":"L. Dosiek","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747997","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the effects of using the derivative of a voltage angle signal to derive a frequency signal from Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) data in the presence of measurement noise. By expressing the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of the angle signal and the derived frequency signals in terms of correlation functions, the asymptotic behavior of numerical derivatives are studied. This provides insight as to how the derivative operation will potentially damage noise-corrupted PMU data to be analyzed by a mode meter. In particular the commonly used first order backwards difference (the `diff' function in MATLAB), the first order central difference, the second order backwards difference, and an angle differencing approach are studied. Data measured from PMUs in the WECC system are analyzed as are data simulated form a reduced-order model of the WECC system in order to better understand the correlation-based SNR expressions. The results presented herein provide a framework for the incorporation of measurement noise effects in mode meter algorithm performance and certification studies, and can provide a theoretical basis for the selection of a derivative filter for use in the preprocessing step of a mode meter algorithm.","PeriodicalId":249041,"journal":{"name":"2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117083531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747995
A. Thapa, K. Corzine, G. Venayagamoorthy
This paper proposes a bi-directional grid-tied converter with GPS capability for smart-grid applications. The novelty of this converter is that time-stamped grid voltage angle received via network communication channels has been used to synchronize the converter to the grid. Therefore, all grid-tied converters in a microgrid with this development will not require line voltage sensing and phase-locked loops. The power section and modulation was built on a CompactRIO 9064 that also had a GPS timesource. In a larger power system, a nearby PMU can be used for the time source. A PMU capable controller is placed at the point of common coupling to measure the electrical angle of the microgrid. The electrical angle is time stamped with GPS time and communicated to the power converter which is then used for grid synchronization. This paper presents the results obtained during operation of the PMU capable converter in both rectifying mode and inversion mode.
{"title":"Grid-tied power converter with GPS capability for smart grid applications","authors":"A. Thapa, K. Corzine, G. Venayagamoorthy","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747995","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a bi-directional grid-tied converter with GPS capability for smart-grid applications. The novelty of this converter is that time-stamped grid voltage angle received via network communication channels has been used to synchronize the converter to the grid. Therefore, all grid-tied converters in a microgrid with this development will not require line voltage sensing and phase-locked loops. The power section and modulation was built on a CompactRIO 9064 that also had a GPS timesource. In a larger power system, a nearby PMU can be used for the time source. A PMU capable controller is placed at the point of common coupling to measure the electrical angle of the microgrid. The electrical angle is time stamped with GPS time and communicated to the power converter which is then used for grid synchronization. This paper presents the results obtained during operation of the PMU capable converter in both rectifying mode and inversion mode.","PeriodicalId":249041,"journal":{"name":"2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130555436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747936
Huawei Yang, El-Mezyani Touria, C. Edrington
In large scale power systems, the integration of intelligent sensor fault detection and isolation system increases the system resiliency and the control robustness. It allows to monitor the health of sensors without relying on hardware redundancy. This paper investigates a real-time sensor failure detection and isolation algorithm with hardware implementation based on the standard IEEE 14-bus System. The results indicate that this method is effective and could be utilized into real-world application for resilient control in power system.
{"title":"Real-time sensor fault detection and isolation in power system with hardware implementation","authors":"Huawei Yang, El-Mezyani Touria, C. Edrington","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747936","url":null,"abstract":"In large scale power systems, the integration of intelligent sensor fault detection and isolation system increases the system resiliency and the control robustness. It allows to monitor the health of sensors without relying on hardware redundancy. This paper investigates a real-time sensor failure detection and isolation algorithm with hardware implementation based on the standard IEEE 14-bus System. The results indicate that this method is effective and could be utilized into real-world application for resilient control in power system.","PeriodicalId":249041,"journal":{"name":"2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129135641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747874
Yi Zhou, Zhixin Miao
This paper reviews the types of cyber attacks in state estimation as well as detection and protection schemes. Recent studies show that adversaries can not only generate attack vectors, which can bypass the conventional detector, but can also optimize the attack vector to compromise least number of sensors. We examined four types of attack in state estimation process. Then, we examined least effort false data injection attack on how to find the optimal attack vector. Based on the analysis, we implement χ2 detector and Euclidean distance detector to detect attacks. We propose an effective way to protect power system sensors. The case studies are based on a 5-bus system and IEEE-14 bus system. It shows that least effort attack can make most significant deviation of state estimation by compromising least number of sensors. χ2 detector can detect random data injection, bad data injection and DoS attack. However, false data injection can bypass conventional statistical detector, such as χ2 detector. Euclidean distance detector can detect false data injection.
{"title":"Cyber attacks, detection and protection in smart grid state estimation","authors":"Yi Zhou, Zhixin Miao","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747874","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews the types of cyber attacks in state estimation as well as detection and protection schemes. Recent studies show that adversaries can not only generate attack vectors, which can bypass the conventional detector, but can also optimize the attack vector to compromise least number of sensors. We examined four types of attack in state estimation process. Then, we examined least effort false data injection attack on how to find the optimal attack vector. Based on the analysis, we implement χ2 detector and Euclidean distance detector to detect attacks. We propose an effective way to protect power system sensors. The case studies are based on a 5-bus system and IEEE-14 bus system. It shows that least effort attack can make most significant deviation of state estimation by compromising least number of sensors. χ2 detector can detect random data injection, bad data injection and DoS attack. However, false data injection can bypass conventional statistical detector, such as χ2 detector. Euclidean distance detector can detect false data injection.","PeriodicalId":249041,"journal":{"name":"2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127602220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747902
Saeed Dehghan Manshadi, M. Khodayar
This paper proposes a methodology to attain the optimal generation scheduling of hybrid AC/DC microgrids. The hybrid microgrid consists of AC and DC networks with respective generation and demand resources that are connected by bi-directional AC/DC converters. The proposed methodology leverages decentralized optimization framework that uses the dispatch of the AC/DC converter to facilitate the coordinated operation of AC and DC networks. The presented framework utilizes an iterative approach to determine the optimal operation schedule for the hybrid AC/DC microgrid using distinct optimization problems. The results illustrate the effectiveness of the presented approach for operation planning of hybrid AC/DC microgrids.
{"title":"Decentralized operation framework for hybrid AC/DC microgrid","authors":"Saeed Dehghan Manshadi, M. Khodayar","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747902","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a methodology to attain the optimal generation scheduling of hybrid AC/DC microgrids. The hybrid microgrid consists of AC and DC networks with respective generation and demand resources that are connected by bi-directional AC/DC converters. The proposed methodology leverages decentralized optimization framework that uses the dispatch of the AC/DC converter to facilitate the coordinated operation of AC and DC networks. The presented framework utilizes an iterative approach to determine the optimal operation schedule for the hybrid AC/DC microgrid using distinct optimization problems. The results illustrate the effectiveness of the presented approach for operation planning of hybrid AC/DC microgrids.","PeriodicalId":249041,"journal":{"name":"2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127675470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747965
Jeremy Lin, Lei Gan, Elham Foruzan
In this work, we propose a possible voltage support or voltage regulation market in which voltage service providers (VSPs) will compete for an opportunity to provide voltage support or regulation by using voltage support devices. We assume that voltage regulation market is a separate but complementary market to existing energy markets (day-ahead and real time markets). An independent system operator (ISO) will decide when the voltage regulation market is to be launched. ISO will determine the required voltages (in p.u) at some nodes and clear the market based on the submitted bids and offers by the voltage service providers. ISO can anticipate the low-voltage situation ex-ante at some locations and can initiate the voltage regulation market. The voltage regulation market problem was formulated as nonlinear AC-OPF model and was solved using improved differential evolutionary algorithm. We used an IEEE 14 bus system as a test system in which the voltage regulation market clears. We showed that the development of voltage regulation market is of practically possible and can improve both social welfare and system condition.
{"title":"Towards a voltage regulation market","authors":"Jeremy Lin, Lei Gan, Elham Foruzan","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747965","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we propose a possible voltage support or voltage regulation market in which voltage service providers (VSPs) will compete for an opportunity to provide voltage support or regulation by using voltage support devices. We assume that voltage regulation market is a separate but complementary market to existing energy markets (day-ahead and real time markets). An independent system operator (ISO) will decide when the voltage regulation market is to be launched. ISO will determine the required voltages (in p.u) at some nodes and clear the market based on the submitted bids and offers by the voltage service providers. ISO can anticipate the low-voltage situation ex-ante at some locations and can initiate the voltage regulation market. The voltage regulation market problem was formulated as nonlinear AC-OPF model and was solved using improved differential evolutionary algorithm. We used an IEEE 14 bus system as a test system in which the voltage regulation market clears. We showed that the development of voltage regulation market is of practically possible and can improve both social welfare and system condition.","PeriodicalId":249041,"journal":{"name":"2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128078439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747854
Abdulaziz Alanazi, A. Khodaei, H. Babazadeh
Although wind energy provides a viable solution to address ongoing challenges of the economy and the environment in electric power grids, the variable generation of this technology results in major technical challenges for system operators. This issue is becoming more severe as the penetration of wind generation is increasing. As a result, wind generation is commonly subject to specific regulations which limit generation fluctuations. Three methods of reducing wind generation fluctuation are investigated in this paper from an economic perspective, including (a) dumping the wind generation, (b) using battery energy storage (BES) to capture excess wind generation, and (c) a hybrid method combining this two approaches. The economic viability of the hybrid method is investigated via a developed linear programming model with the objective of profit maximization, which in extreme cases will converge to one of the other methods. Numerical simulations exhibit the merits of the proposed model.
{"title":"Power fluctuation reduction in wind turbine generator systems","authors":"Abdulaziz Alanazi, A. Khodaei, H. Babazadeh","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747854","url":null,"abstract":"Although wind energy provides a viable solution to address ongoing challenges of the economy and the environment in electric power grids, the variable generation of this technology results in major technical challenges for system operators. This issue is becoming more severe as the penetration of wind generation is increasing. As a result, wind generation is commonly subject to specific regulations which limit generation fluctuations. Three methods of reducing wind generation fluctuation are investigated in this paper from an economic perspective, including (a) dumping the wind generation, (b) using battery energy storage (BES) to capture excess wind generation, and (c) a hybrid method combining this two approaches. The economic viability of the hybrid method is investigated via a developed linear programming model with the objective of profit maximization, which in extreme cases will converge to one of the other methods. Numerical simulations exhibit the merits of the proposed model.","PeriodicalId":249041,"journal":{"name":"2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125727006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747858
L. Wu, Wondewosen Kihinet, Elizabeth Robelo, Edlawit Bezabih, Kyron Longwood, Tshim P. Tshimanga, M. Saeedifard, F. Lambert, R. Harley
Most people living in the mountain areas of Haiti suffer from lack of electricity. In this paper, a nanogrid system based on solar power is designed to im prove their living conditions by enabling lighting and cell phone charging inside their residential huts. The nanogrid system consists of a controller board that routes power from the solar panel to separate loads through USB ports. Simulation and experimental validation of the system have been demonstrated and the authors have implemented the designed system in two huts in Haiti with satisfactory performance. The project helps with addressing the daily needs of people and provides an example of constructing nanogrid systems in areas with no access to the power grid.
{"title":"Development of a solar-power-based nanogrid system for village huts in Haiti mountain area","authors":"L. Wu, Wondewosen Kihinet, Elizabeth Robelo, Edlawit Bezabih, Kyron Longwood, Tshim P. Tshimanga, M. Saeedifard, F. Lambert, R. Harley","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747858","url":null,"abstract":"Most people living in the mountain areas of Haiti suffer from lack of electricity. In this paper, a nanogrid system based on solar power is designed to im prove their living conditions by enabling lighting and cell phone charging inside their residential huts. The nanogrid system consists of a controller board that routes power from the solar panel to separate loads through USB ports. Simulation and experimental validation of the system have been demonstrated and the authors have implemented the designed system in two huts in Haiti with satisfactory performance. The project helps with addressing the daily needs of people and provides an example of constructing nanogrid systems in areas with no access to the power grid.","PeriodicalId":249041,"journal":{"name":"2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"44 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131923649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747926
Muthanna Al-Sarray, R. McCann
Studying cybersecurity events and analyzing their impacts encourage planners and operators to develop innovative approaches for preventing attacks in order to avoid outages and other disruptions. This work considers two parts in security studies; detecting an integrity attack and examining its effects on power system generators. The detection was conducted through employing synchrophasor technology to provide authenticatioa of ACG commands based on observed system operating characteristics. The examination of an attack is completed via a detailed simulation of a modified IEEE 68-bus benchmark model to show the associated power system dynamic response. The results of the simulation are discussed for assessing the impacts of cyber threats.
{"title":"A method of synchrophasor technology for detecting and analyzing cyber-attacks","authors":"Muthanna Al-Sarray, R. McCann","doi":"10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS.2016.7747926","url":null,"abstract":"Studying cybersecurity events and analyzing their impacts encourage planners and operators to develop innovative approaches for preventing attacks in order to avoid outages and other disruptions. This work considers two parts in security studies; detecting an integrity attack and examining its effects on power system generators. The detection was conducted through employing synchrophasor technology to provide authenticatioa of ACG commands based on observed system operating characteristics. The examination of an attack is completed via a detailed simulation of a modified IEEE 68-bus benchmark model to show the associated power system dynamic response. The results of the simulation are discussed for assessing the impacts of cyber threats.","PeriodicalId":249041,"journal":{"name":"2016 North American Power Symposium (NAPS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130083413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：