{"title":"Innovative Research and Training Center for Human and Animal Health Protection in Kyrgyzstan","authors":"Nogoibaev Mukambet","doi":"10.18689/mjaes-1000112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18689/mjaes-1000112","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":249100,"journal":{"name":"Madridge Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129261639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Use of Cooperative Game theory in day-to-day Farmer Producer Organizationʼs Operations","authors":"D. M. V.","doi":"10.18689/mjaes-1000111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18689/mjaes-1000111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":249100,"journal":{"name":"Madridge Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116424100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dam disasters occur sometimes frequently around the world as they did recently in 2015 and 2019 in Minas Gerais, Brazil. As a result, hundreds of families were displaced, and many cities suffered from water shortages. The study aimed to reduce ore mining waste pollutions in rivers and ocean currents and therefore mitigate their impact on the food webs. A model based on the equality principle named EUROPE (Efficient Use of Resources for Optimal Production Economy) was used to estimate shadow costs of economic systems. It was applied to ore mining wastes management in order to mitigate their negative impact on rivers and oceans. As a result, it gave a comprehensive picture of that management system in economic, technical as well as environmental terms.
大坝灾难有时在世界各地频繁发生，就像最近在2015年和2019年在巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州发生的那样。结果，数百个家庭流离失所，许多城市遭受缺水之苦。这项研究旨在减少河流和洋流中的矿石开采废物污染，从而减轻它们对食物网的影响。采用基于平等原则的欧洲(Efficient Use of Resources for Optimal Production Economy)模型来估算经济系统的影子成本。它适用于矿石采矿废物管理，以减轻它们对河流和海洋的负面影响。因此，它从经济、技术和环境方面全面介绍了这一管理制度。
{"title":"A Theoretical Model for Ore Mining Waste Management with regard to Pollution of Food Webs in Water Bodies","authors":"Jan Stenis, W. Hogland","doi":"10.18689/MJAES-1000109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18689/MJAES-1000109","url":null,"abstract":"Dam disasters occur sometimes frequently around the world as they did recently in 2015 and 2019 in Minas Gerais, Brazil. As a result, hundreds of families were displaced, and many cities suffered from water shortages. The study aimed to reduce ore mining waste pollutions in rivers and ocean currents and therefore mitigate their impact on the food webs. A model based on the equality principle named EUROPE (Efficient Use of Resources for Optimal Production Economy) was used to estimate shadow costs of economic systems. It was applied to ore mining wastes management in order to mitigate their negative impact on rivers and oceans. As a result, it gave a comprehensive picture of that management system in economic, technical as well as environmental terms.","PeriodicalId":249100,"journal":{"name":"Madridge Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121489734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md. Giush Uddin Ahmed Ferdous Akter, M. Alam, F. Akter
The green revolution practiced at a great cost of environment to meet the ever-increasing demands for food and fiber. The indiscriminate use of agrochemicals resulted in a damaged ecosystem, food and water contamination, lost of local cultivar, pesticide tolerance, and disease resistance along with different climate change vulnerability. All these pressurize further on agricultural system to increase its productivity. Short-termed chemical remedy turns into today's hot topics of both environment and health concern. There is an urgent need to develop a sustainable approach for maximum crop production with minimum damage in climate vulnerable zone. Trichoderma are eco-friendly bio-reliance similar to organic and integrated management (IPM) recognized globally. In Bangladesh, the time is to avail Trichoderma as substitute of agrochemicals and fertilizers to combat biotic, abiotic both stresses. This study is for searching beneficial arsenal of Trichoderma to discover the whole tool box to counteract climate threat in rising demand of crop.
{"title":"Trichoderma: A Complete Tool Box for Climate Smart Agriculture","authors":"Md. Giush Uddin Ahmed Ferdous Akter, M. Alam, F. Akter","doi":"10.18689/MJAES-1000107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18689/MJAES-1000107","url":null,"abstract":"The green revolution practiced at a great cost of environment to meet the ever-increasing demands for food and fiber. The indiscriminate use of agrochemicals resulted in a damaged ecosystem, food and water contamination, lost of local cultivar, pesticide tolerance, and disease resistance along with different climate change vulnerability. All these pressurize further on agricultural system to increase its productivity. Short-termed chemical remedy turns into today's hot topics of both environment and health concern. There is an urgent need to develop a sustainable approach for maximum crop production with minimum damage in climate vulnerable zone. Trichoderma are eco-friendly bio-reliance similar to organic and integrated management (IPM) recognized globally. In Bangladesh, the time is to avail Trichoderma as substitute of agrochemicals and fertilizers to combat biotic, abiotic both stresses. This study is for searching beneficial arsenal of Trichoderma to discover the whole tool box to counteract climate threat in rising demand of crop.","PeriodicalId":249100,"journal":{"name":"Madridge Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128481712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. E. Maurice, Nkwatoh Athanasius Fuashi, Ngongpan Honourine Mengwi, E. Ebong, Pen David Awa, Njonguo Funjuh Daizy
One of the most common conflicts between people and wildlife takes the form of crop-raiding, a problem that has created severe crop-yield decline in sub Saharan Africa. The main objective of this survey was to investigate the various methods used by the local farmers in Tiko farming area against weaver-bird raids. The research data was collected through the administration of 250 questionnaires to a chosen population of farmers in the study area. The results have revealed a positive significance between crop-raiding and the various methods used to control the weaver-birds pest, χ 2 =7.592, df=6, P<0.05. More so, there is a positive significance between the age-class and the various methods used to control weaver-birds’ population in Tiko farmland, χ 2 =21.207, df=18, P<0.05. The study has also revealed a significance on the individuals involved in pest management χ 2 =50.115, df=24, P<0.05. In addition, the study recorded a significance between challenges faced in crop-production and pests problems, χ 2 =9.960, df=3, P<0.05. The study has shown a positive significance on the seasonal pests management cost and the period of crop-raiding, χ 2 =9.454, df=6, P<0.05. This study has revealed the use of many methods by the local farmers in Tiko farming area to prevent the weaver-bird population from growing. Though, most of these methods are local and produce very little results on the fields, the farmers are yet to learn and master modern methods. The application of poisonous pesticides in fighting the weaver-bird raids in crop farmlands in Tiko as indicated by some respondents should be avoided for the welfare of the entire ecosystem.
{"title":"The Control Methods used by the Local Farmers to reduce Weaver-Bird Raids in Tiko Farming Area, Southwest Region, Cameroon","authors":"M. E. Maurice, Nkwatoh Athanasius Fuashi, Ngongpan Honourine Mengwi, E. Ebong, Pen David Awa, Njonguo Funjuh Daizy","doi":"10.18689/MJAES-1000106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18689/MJAES-1000106","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most common conflicts between people and wildlife takes the form of crop-raiding, a problem that has created severe crop-yield decline in sub Saharan Africa. The main objective of this survey was to investigate the various methods used by the local farmers in Tiko farming area against weaver-bird raids. The research data was collected through the administration of 250 questionnaires to a chosen population of farmers in the study area. The results have revealed a positive significance between crop-raiding and the various methods used to control the weaver-birds pest, χ 2 =7.592, df=6, P<0.05. More so, there is a positive significance between the age-class and the various methods used to control weaver-birds’ population in Tiko farmland, χ 2 =21.207, df=18, P<0.05. The study has also revealed a significance on the individuals involved in pest management χ 2 =50.115, df=24, P<0.05. In addition, the study recorded a significance between challenges faced in crop-production and pests problems, χ 2 =9.960, df=3, P<0.05. The study has shown a positive significance on the seasonal pests management cost and the period of crop-raiding, χ 2 =9.454, df=6, P<0.05. This study has revealed the use of many methods by the local farmers in Tiko farming area to prevent the weaver-bird population from growing. Though, most of these methods are local and produce very little results on the fields, the farmers are yet to learn and master modern methods. The application of poisonous pesticides in fighting the weaver-bird raids in crop farmlands in Tiko as indicated by some respondents should be avoided for the welfare of the entire ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":249100,"journal":{"name":"Madridge Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129935356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Published by Madridge Publishers Abstract Phytogenic alternatives drawn a lot of attention because they are natural, non-toxic and residue free. “Phytogenic Alternatives” are the buzz word in livestock field to avoid the use of the antibiotics and chemical growth hormones resulting in health concerns. In the present study Achyranthes splendens (Linn) a medicinal plant was selected for its phytogenic property against bacterial pathogens of broiler chickens. Effect of selected antibiotics of poultry and leaf extract powder of Achyranthes splendens L., against the poultry pathogens were tested. Collection of pathogens on swab from the intestine on 7, 14 and 21 days was done asceptically and cultured in the lab as a pretreatment study. The results of pretreatment study showed that there is positive trend of pathogenic control by Achyrabiotic from 86.7% to 100% when compared to the antibiotics. Efficacy of achyrabiotic in antibacterial assay revealed the phytobiotic nature of the Achyranthes splendens L. Based on the protein profile of Achyranthes splendens (Linn) by High performance Liquid Chromatography study, the phytogenic characteristics were used for the growth study of broiler chicks. Leaf extract in the form of dry powder was used in the formulations of phytogenic poultry feed. There is no mortality in the organic achyrabiot fed male broiler chicks. Growth performance parameters such as body weight gain (from 24% to 32%), feed intake (2% to 21%) and Feed conversion ratio (from 26% to 58%) revealed the synergistic effect of phytobiotic and anti-pathogenic properties of achyrabiot on poultry growth.
{"title":"Efficacy of Phytobiotics of Achyranthes splendens (Linn) against Bacterial Pathogens of Male Broiler Chickens in Namakkal, India","authors":"T. Yasodha, S. Jeevitha, S. Yogesh, M. Ramanan","doi":"10.18689/MJAES-1000105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18689/MJAES-1000105","url":null,"abstract":"Published by Madridge Publishers Abstract Phytogenic alternatives drawn a lot of attention because they are natural, non-toxic and residue free. “Phytogenic Alternatives” are the buzz word in livestock field to avoid the use of the antibiotics and chemical growth hormones resulting in health concerns. In the present study Achyranthes splendens (Linn) a medicinal plant was selected for its phytogenic property against bacterial pathogens of broiler chickens. Effect of selected antibiotics of poultry and leaf extract powder of Achyranthes splendens L., against the poultry pathogens were tested. Collection of pathogens on swab from the intestine on 7, 14 and 21 days was done asceptically and cultured in the lab as a pretreatment study. The results of pretreatment study showed that there is positive trend of pathogenic control by Achyrabiotic from 86.7% to 100% when compared to the antibiotics. Efficacy of achyrabiotic in antibacterial assay revealed the phytobiotic nature of the Achyranthes splendens L. Based on the protein profile of Achyranthes splendens (Linn) by High performance Liquid Chromatography study, the phytogenic characteristics were used for the growth study of broiler chicks. Leaf extract in the form of dry powder was used in the formulations of phytogenic poultry feed. There is no mortality in the organic achyrabiot fed male broiler chicks. Growth performance parameters such as body weight gain (from 24% to 32%), feed intake (2% to 21%) and Feed conversion ratio (from 26% to 58%) revealed the synergistic effect of phytobiotic and anti-pathogenic properties of achyrabiot on poultry growth.","PeriodicalId":249100,"journal":{"name":"Madridge Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131866072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agriculture and its allied activities are on the brink of a change for both the farmers as well as consumers. A plethora of diversified activities amalgamated with scientific methods of cropping are paving a way for a mechanized and secure future. Farm visits, farm stays and trail visits are gradually picking up amongst tourists to experience something different from clichéd sightseeing packages of a destination. The paper focuses on cases of various successful farms from India and integrates them to analyze the sustainability factors in the farms. The paper delves deeper into the short cases and the methodology adopted would be qualitative in nature. Structured and unstructured interviews shall be conducted for the case protagonists and staff for acquiring a synthesis of the theories and the farm practices. Research limitations shall be the fact that all such farms cannot be visited owing to the reasons of difficult terrain and scarcity of time. This paper as an exemplary can help to achieve many other success stories. Agritourism with its baby steps and the talisman of research can definitely bring changes in the life of farmers and consumers shall also reap the benefits of it.
{"title":"The Evolution of Agri-Tourism practices in India: Some Success Stories","authors":"S. Chatterjee, M. Prasad","doi":"10.18689/mjaes-1000104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18689/mjaes-1000104","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture and its allied activities are on the brink of a change for both the farmers as well as consumers. A plethora of diversified activities amalgamated with scientific methods of cropping are paving a way for a mechanized and secure future. Farm visits, farm stays and trail visits are gradually picking up amongst tourists to experience something different from clichéd sightseeing packages of a destination. The paper focuses on cases of various successful farms from India and integrates them to analyze the sustainability factors in the farms. The paper delves deeper into the short cases and the methodology adopted would be qualitative in nature. Structured and unstructured interviews shall be conducted for the case protagonists and staff for acquiring a synthesis of the theories and the farm practices. Research limitations shall be the fact that all such farms cannot be visited owing to the reasons of difficult terrain and scarcity of time. This paper as an exemplary can help to achieve many other success stories. Agritourism with its baby steps and the talisman of research can definitely bring changes in the life of farmers and consumers shall also reap the benefits of it.","PeriodicalId":249100,"journal":{"name":"Madridge Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124589364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Khalid, H. O. Tuffour, Awudu Abubakari, Samuel Novor
Organic materials are important resources for the improvement of soil physical and chemical properties. This study was carried out to examine the impact of tillage and organic matter on some soil structural indices. The study was designed in a split-plot Randomized Complete Block with four replications. Hoe tillage and no-tillage were assigned to the main plot, whilst the subplot comprised cowpea residue, cattle manure, maize residues, elephant grass and control (no organic residue applied). The soil physical parameters measured were bulk density, total porosity, volumetric water content and aggregate stability. Bulk density was lower in the 2013 minor season than in the 2014 major season for all the treatments (1.34 Mg m-3–1.51 Mg m-3). Porosity ranged from 42.98–49.28% in the second season (2013 minor season). The cattle manure treated plots produced the highest volumetric water content of 20.25% and the control gave the lowest value of 16.20% at the end of the last growing season (2014 major season). The highest aggregate stability (74.91%) was recorded on cattle manure plots whilst the control gave the lowest value (71.11%). Crop residues were identified to be good source of organic material for the improvement of soil physical properties.
{"title":"Conservation Tillage and Organic Matter management on Soil Structure","authors":"A. A. Khalid, H. O. Tuffour, Awudu Abubakari, Samuel Novor","doi":"10.18689/MJAES-1000103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18689/MJAES-1000103","url":null,"abstract":"Organic materials are important resources for the improvement of soil physical and chemical properties. This study was carried out to examine the impact of tillage and organic matter on some soil structural indices. The study was designed in a split-plot Randomized Complete Block with four replications. Hoe tillage and no-tillage were assigned to the main plot, whilst the subplot comprised cowpea residue, cattle manure, maize residues, elephant grass and control (no organic residue applied). The soil physical parameters measured were bulk density, total porosity, volumetric water content and aggregate stability. Bulk density was lower in the 2013 minor season than in the 2014 major season for all the treatments (1.34 Mg m-3–1.51 Mg m-3). Porosity ranged from 42.98–49.28% in the second season (2013 minor season). The cattle manure treated plots produced the highest volumetric water content of 20.25% and the control gave the lowest value of 16.20% at the end of the last growing season (2014 major season). The highest aggregate stability (74.91%) was recorded on cattle manure plots whilst the control gave the lowest value (71.11%). Crop residues were identified to be good source of organic material for the improvement of soil physical properties.","PeriodicalId":249100,"journal":{"name":"Madridge Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125177655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Conventional methods of slope stability provides a constant value of safety factor for the slope, providing no information of slope displacements and possible variations of safety margins along the potential failure surface. To overcome this drawback, an innovative approach is proposed here, which takes into account all limit equilibrium requirements originally adopted in the conventional slope stability analyses, with a displacement compatibility function and a hyperbolic shear stress-displacement soil model. The new method provides incremental slope displacements induced by internal or external stress (or safety status) variations. A case study on a well-monitored slope during a rainstorm showed that the measured slope displacement caused by an elevated groundwater table can be simulated using the proposed method along with hyperbolic soil parameters obtained in large-scale direct shear tests. The proposed method substantially strengthened the weakness associated with conventional slice methods, providing useful information of slope displacement induced by the elevated groundwater table.
{"title":"Innovative Slope Stability and Displacement Analyses","authors":"Ching-Chuan Huang","doi":"10.18689/MJAES-1000102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18689/MJAES-1000102","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional methods of slope stability provides a constant value of safety factor for the slope, providing no information of slope displacements and possible variations of safety margins along the potential failure surface. To overcome this drawback, an innovative approach is proposed here, which takes into account all limit equilibrium requirements originally adopted in the conventional slope stability analyses, with a displacement compatibility function and a hyperbolic shear stress-displacement soil model. The new method provides incremental slope displacements induced by internal or external stress (or safety status) variations. A case study on a well-monitored slope during a rainstorm showed that the measured slope displacement caused by an elevated groundwater table can be simulated using the proposed method along with hyperbolic soil parameters obtained in large-scale direct shear tests. The proposed method substantially strengthened the weakness associated with conventional slice methods, providing useful information of slope displacement induced by the elevated groundwater table.","PeriodicalId":249100,"journal":{"name":"Madridge Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116887647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oluwaseun E Odipe1, Raimi Morufu Olalekan2* and Faisal Suleiman1 1 Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Health, Allied and Environmental Science, College of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kwara State University, Malete, Kwara State, Nigeria 2 Department of Community Medicine, Environmental Health Unit, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Oluwaseun E Odipe1, Raimi Morufu Olalekan2*和Faisal Suleiman1 1尼日利亚夸拉州马勒特夸拉州立大学纯科学与应用科学学院卫生、联合与环境科学学院环境卫生科学系2尼日利亚巴耶尔萨州威尔伯福斯岛尼日尔三角洲大学临床科学学院环境卫生学部社区医学系
{"title":"Assessment of Heavy Metals in Effluent Water Discharges from Textile Industry and River Water at Close Proximity: A Comparison of Two Textile Industries from Funtua and Zaria, North Western Nigeria","authors":"O. Odipe, Raimi Morufu Olalekan, F.A.S. Suleiman","doi":"10.18689/mjaes-1000101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18689/mjaes-1000101","url":null,"abstract":"Oluwaseun E Odipe1, Raimi Morufu Olalekan2* and Faisal Suleiman1 1 Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Health, Allied and Environmental Science, College of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kwara State University, Malete, Kwara State, Nigeria 2 Department of Community Medicine, Environmental Health Unit, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria","PeriodicalId":249100,"journal":{"name":"Madridge Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127768209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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