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Natural Ventilation Performance for Schools During a Pandemic and the Post-Pandemic COVID 19 大流行期间和大流行后的学校自然通风性能
Pub Date : 2021-10-30 DOI: 10.20885/jars.vol5.iss2.art6
Dyah Hendrawati
Natural ventilation is applied to most educational buildings in Indonesia. Natural ventilation is one of the strategies to achieve the physical comfort of residents and an effort to save energy. During a pandemic, natural ventilation requires because it is expected to make the air circulation in the room. The presence of good air circulation will make the spread of the virus can be avoided. One indicator of the success of space for good and healthy air circulation is the achievement of Air Change per Hours (ACH) values according to standards. The study aims to find out and identify the performance of natural ventilation as an element that determines indoor air circulation against the spread of the COVID-19 viruses, comfortable air velocity in a room and user capacity. The study used simulation methods to determine the value of ACH and air velocity. The research main goal was to look at the possibility of reopening schools as safely and quickly as possible. The results showed that the school buildings studied could be used for Pandemic and postpandemic times, indicated by ACH grades >8 and air velocity in room 0.2-0.8 m/s. The building has an opening area of approximately 30% with an opening type that is able 45% wind flow. With the simulation obtained, to achieve health and comfort standards with 50% users, with certain air velocity conditions, the minimum opening area is 20% with 45% aperture type and 90% type. Keywords: ACH;natural ventilation;performance;window types
印度尼西亚的大多数教育建筑都采用自然通风。自然通风是实现居民身体舒适和节约能源的策略之一。在大流行期间,需要自然通风,因为它有望使房间内的空气流通。良好的空气流通的存在将使病毒的传播得以避免。良好和健康的空气流通空间成功的一个指标是根据标准实现每小时换气(ACH)值。该研究的目的是找出并确定自然通风的性能是决定新冠病毒传播的室内空气流通、室内舒适气流速度和用户容量的因素。本研究采用模拟方法确定ACH值和空气流速。这项研究的主要目标是研究尽可能安全和迅速地重新开放学校的可能性。结果表明:以ACH等级>8级、室内空气流速0.2 ~ 0.8 m/s为标志,所研究的学校建筑可用于疫情流行和疫情后时期。该建筑的开放面积约为30%,开放类型可容纳45%的风流量。通过仿真得到,在一定的风速条件下,在50%的用户条件下,最小开口面积为20%,有45%的孔径型和90%的孔径型,以达到健康和舒适标准。关键词:ACH自然通风性能窗型
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引用次数: 1
Socio-thermal Analysis of Pawon Gebulen Kraton Yogyakarta 日惹Pawon Gebulen Kraton的社会热分析
Pub Date : 2021-10-30 DOI: 10.20885/jars.vol5.iss2.art8
N. Ayuningtyas, Desy Ayu Krisna Murti, Istiana Adianti
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引用次数: 0
Virtual Public Space in Sketching Community 素描社区中的虚拟公共空间
Pub Date : 2021-10-30 DOI: 10.20885/jars.vol5.iss2.art7
S. P. Anggraini, Ahmad Rosyid Wahyu Anggoro
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引用次数: 0
The Dynamics of Urban Public Space Perception in the New Normal Era 新常态下城市公共空间感知的动态
Pub Date : 2021-04-24 DOI: 10.20885/JARS.VOL5.ISS1.ART1
Y. Dewangga, Sita Yuliastuti Amijaya, Hoseo Viadolorosa
The coronavirus pandemic or Covid-19 has happened in several countries, including Indonesia. This condition has an impact not only on public health but also on all sectors. Yogyakarta, a province in Indonesia, receives the impact of this pandemic, especially the Malioboro as a famous public area in the city. The Malioboro area, as an urban public space, becomes quieter due to the coronavirus pandemic. The new normal policy, which the government implemented through the adaptation of new habits, gradually bringing back the activities in the Malioboro area. Health protocols to maintain social distancing keep on encouraged with direct and written persuasive methods. The purpose of this study is to explore people's perceptions of urban public spaces in the new normal era in Malioboro. The method used was conducting a direct survey in Malioboro and giving a closed questionnaire online to the public. The discussion was performed by examining the results of a closed questionnaire with the current situation in Malioboro. The conclusions obtained that the community has received information to maintain social distancing. However, many people ignore the health protocols so that no difference with the situation before the pandemic. This condition does not change the spatial patterns and layouts related to space at the public scale and the distance of social interactions. Keywords: Covid-19; public spaces; social distancing; social interaction
冠状病毒大流行或Covid-19已经在包括印度尼西亚在内的几个国家发生。这种情况不仅对公共卫生有影响,而且对所有部门都有影响。印度尼西亚日惹省受到这一流行病的影响,特别是作为该市著名公共区域的马里奥博罗。由于冠状病毒大流行,马里奥博罗地区作为一个城市公共空间变得更加安静。政府通过适应新习惯实施的新常态政策,逐步恢复了马里奥博罗地区的活动。继续鼓励采用直接和书面的有说服力的方法来保持社交距离的卫生协议。本研究旨在探讨新常态下马里奥博罗州人们对城市公共空间的看法。所采用的方法是在马里奥博罗进行直接调查,并在网上向公众发放封闭式问卷。讨论是通过审查一份关于马里奥博罗目前局势的封闭式调查表的结果进行的。得出的结论是社区已收到保持社会距离的信息。然而,许多人忽视卫生规程,因此与大流行前的情况没有区别。这种情况并没有改变与公共尺度空间和社会互动距离相关的空间格局和布局。关键词:Covid-19;公共空间;社会距离;社会互动
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引用次数: 1
The Evolution of Modern Architecture Style in Context of Postcolonial Campus 后殖民校园背景下现代建筑风格的演变
Pub Date : 2021-04-24 DOI: 10.20885/JARS.VOL5.ISS1.ART4
Mean Pisei, Ikaputra Ikaputra
The development of Indonesian architectures in the post-colonial era were the phase of new experiment and ideas that gave a birth to the awareness and spirit of exploring nation identity. Universitas Gadjah Mada is recognized as a post-colonial and the oldest national campus founded in 1949 in Yogyakarta. This paper aims to investigate the evolution of modern movement in the sense of campus architecture. Case study material is drawn mainly from post-colonial campus architecture at the central zone of Universitas Gadjah Mada. The method used is a qualitative methodology in which data is obtained from literature reviews and field observations. The development of modern architecture theories and styles have been studied through the case study. The finding of this study showed that socio-political transition of the old order, the new order, and present era, and also personal vision of the architect contributed to the production of modern architectures. Keywords: evolution of style; modernism; modern movement; post-colonial campus
印尼建筑在后殖民时代的发展是一个新的实验和思想的阶段,它孕育了探索民族身份的意识和精神。Gadjah Mada大学是公认的后殖民时期和最古老的国家校园,成立于1949年在日惹。本文旨在探讨现代运动在校园建筑意义上的演变。案例研究材料主要来自Gadjah Mada大学中心区的后殖民校园建筑。所使用的方法是一种定性方法,其中数据来自文献综述和实地观察。通过案例研究,研究了现代建筑理论和风格的发展。这项研究的发现表明,旧秩序、新秩序和当前时代的社会政治转型,以及建筑师的个人愿景,都对现代建筑的产生做出了贡献。关键词:风格演变;现代主义;现代运动;后殖民时期的校园
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引用次数: 0
Assessment Of Sustainability Architecture Using The Modification Of The Greenship Tools Model (Case Study Of Mohammad Hatta Building Of Indonesian Islamic University) 基于绿色船工具模型的可持续性建筑评估(以印尼伊斯兰大学Mohammad Hatta大楼为例)
Pub Date : 2020-04-24 DOI: 10.20885/jars.vol4.iss1.art5
Heyder Ahmed, Sugini Sugini
Sustainable development is development that can meet the needs of the present without reducing the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Educational institutions have an important role in shaping the human character and the future of the world to implement sustainability systems. The Mohammad Hatta UII building is the object of study in research aimed at finding out how much the value of sustainability is applied in development and becomes information for the reader. Now there is an assessment tool that works to assess how high a building's sustainability value is. Green Building Council Indonesia (GBCI) with Greenship Tools was chosen to be an assessment tool to determine the level of sustainability contained in the object of study by modifying some of the criteria therein. In the assessment process the highest results were obtained in the Appropriate Site Development category where all available points were met, while the Water Conservation category did not get any points at all and the Building Environmental Management category was eliminated in the evaluation aspect. The results of the sustainability calculation based on Greenship criteria from the modified Greenship Existing Building assessment type on the study object obtained 52.94%. To increase points in the assessment will be given several recommendations in the form of design concepts that are expected to be used as a reference in improving facilities to support the value of sustainability in the object of study. Keywords : assessment, development, Greenship, sustainability
可持续发展是指既能满足当代人的需要,又不降低后代人满足其需要的能力的发展。教育机构在塑造人的性格和世界的未来以实施可持续发展系统方面发挥着重要作用。Mohammad Hatta ii建筑是研究的对象,旨在找出可持续性的价值在多大程度上应用于发展,并成为读者的信息。现在有一种评估工具可以评估建筑的可持续性价值有多高。选择印度尼西亚绿色建筑委员会(GBCI)的绿色船舶工具作为评估工具,通过修改其中的一些标准来确定研究对象中包含的可持续性水平。在评估过程中,在“适当的地盘发展”类别中获得了最高的结果,达到了所有可用的分数,而“节约用水”类别根本没有得到任何分数,而“建筑环境管理”类别在评估方面被取消。对研究对象采用改进的Greenship既有建筑评价类型,基于Greenship标准的可持续性计算结果为52.94%。为了在评估中增加分数,将以设计概念的形式提出一些建议,这些建议预计将用作改进设施的参考,以支持研究对象的可持续性价值。关键词:评价,发展,绿色之船,可持续性
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引用次数: 0
Landscape Design Approach in Heritage Context (Case study: Emmahaven Port Coal Storage Facilities Sawahlunto City, West Sumatra) 遗产文脉中的景观设计方法(以西苏门答腊Sawahlunto市Emmahaven港储煤设施为例)
Pub Date : 2019-10-31 DOI: 10.20885/jars.vol3.iss1.art5
Baritoadi Buldan Rayaganda Rito, N. C. Idham
Sawahlunto City was a famous Coal Mining City in West Sumatera dates back from the Dutch colonial period. However, the sharp decline of its mining productivity in 2000 posed a threat to the sustainability of city life. To overcome this problem, the Government changed the direction of the development of once a dominant mining city to become a tourism city, as stated in the city’s vision on the Regional Regulation “Sawahlunto Becomes coal Mining heritage Tourism City by 2020 “. To get world recognition of its potential, the city of Sawahlunto is registered to UNESCO’s world heritage city tentative list in 2015 and continued the process for final heritage list. As part of that process, this research is dealing with how to transform the existing landscape area of the Emmahaven Port coal storage facilities as a part of an important heritage area in Sawahlunto, by applying the Outstanding Universal Value (O.U.V) of the area within its landscape design. The OUV in the form of tangible and intangible values are applied to create the place character of the industrial atmosphere by material selection, creating visual integrity and spatial character by using the Silo and the coal transportation catwalk supporting structures as points of interest, as well as providing facilities to promote cultural and social interaction. Keywords: world heritage list, UNESCO, outstanding universal value, Sawahlunto heritage city, sense of place, place character, landscape design form and space, infill design in heritage context
索瓦伦托市是西苏门答腊著名的煤矿城市,历史可以追溯到荷兰殖民时期。然而,2000年矿业生产力的急剧下降对城市生活的可持续性构成了威胁。为了克服这一问题,政府改变了曾经的主导矿业城市的发展方向,成为一个旅游城市,正如城市对区域法规的愿景“到2020年成为煤矿遗产旅游城市”所述。为了获得世界对其潜力的认可,萨瓦伦托市于2015年被联合国教科文组织注册为世界遗产城市暂定名录,并继续进行最终遗产名录的程序。作为该过程的一部分,本研究涉及如何通过在其景观设计中应用该地区的突出普遍价值(O.U.V),将Emmahaven港煤炭储存设施的现有景观区域转变为Sawahlunto重要遗产区域的一部分。OUV以有形和无形的价值形式被应用于通过材料选择来创造工业氛围的场所特征,通过使用筒仓和煤炭运输t台支撑结构作为兴趣点来创造视觉完整性和空间特征,并提供促进文化和社会互动的设施。关键词:世界遗产名录,联合国教科文组织,突出普遍价值,Sawahlunto遗产城市,场所感,场所特征,景观设计形式与空间,遗产文脉填充设计
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引用次数: 2
DESIGN OF MOSQUE ABLUTION AREAS FOR DISABLED: EVALUATION OF MINISTERIAL REGULATION OF PUBLIC WORKS AND PUBLIC HOUSING NO. 14/2017 清真寺残疾人沐浴区设计:公共工程和公共住房部颁条例评价。14/2017
Pub Date : 2019-10-31 DOI: 10.20885/jars.vol3.iss1.art2
Rinaldy Yumadhika, A. B. Sholihah
Equality for disabled is regulated in Indonesia including the right to embrace religion, to access, and to use worship facilities. Disabled in Indonesia still becomes a minority group even though the number of disabled is considerably large. The Province of Special Region of Yogyakarta is ranked second as the highest number of disabled, the high number of people with disabilities should be directly proportional to the providing of disability-friendly worship facilities. Ablution area is one of the facilities that the presence is very much needed to cleanse ourselves before performing worship. This study aims to determine the elements that affect the accessibility of the ablution area for the disabled and to recommend a design that has been considered with the ability of the disabled. This study uses a qualitative method with a naturalistic approach, which is following the existing conditions toward a case study of the Great Mosque of Manunggal Bantul. Data collection is conducted by simulating the access to ablution area by the disabled and expert interviews, which are architects to help researchers produce a design that is disabled-friendly, the validity of the data is done by triangulation between the simulation results and the results of expert interviews compared to the Ministerial Regulation of Public Works and Public Housing No. 14/2017. Simulation results that are followed by expert interviews show several elements that affect the accessibility of the ablution area: ramp, steering tile, handrail, information on space, stair, chair for ablution, faucet, grill, floor material, and place of good. Comparative results of the regulations show that some elements that have not explained yet about the ablution area that is disabled-friendly, the regulation only describes the ablution area for the disabled by sitting with and without wheelchair equipped with handrails. Recommended designs are ramp, directional tile, handrail, room information, stair, chair for ablution, faucet, grill, floor surface, and items that have been considered with disability. Keywords : accessibility, differential disabled, ablution area, ablution, ministerial regulation
印度尼西亚规定残疾人享有平等权利,包括信仰宗教、进入和使用礼拜设施的权利。在印度尼西亚,虽然残疾人的数量相当大,但残疾人仍然是一个少数群体。日惹特别行政区是残疾人人数排名第二的省份,残疾人人数之多应该与提供方便残疾人的礼拜设施成正比。在进行敬拜之前,洗浴区是人们非常需要的设施之一。本研究旨在确定影响残疾人盥洗室可达性的因素,并推荐一种考虑到残疾人能力的设计。本研究采用自然主义的定性方法,遵循现有条件,对班图尔大清真寺进行个案研究。数据收集通过模拟残疾人进入洗浴区和专家访谈进行,这些专家访谈是建筑师帮助研究人员制作残疾人友好型设计,数据的有效性通过将模拟结果与专家访谈结果进行三角测量,并与第14/2017号公共工程和公共住房部级条例进行比较。专家访谈之后的模拟结果显示了影响洗浴区域可达性的几个因素:坡道、转向砖、扶手、空间信息、楼梯、洗浴椅、水龙头、烤架、地板材料和洗浴场所。对比结果显示,条例中还没有对方便残疾人的洗浴区进行说明的部分,条例中只描述了残疾人坐着和不坐轮椅的洗浴区,并配有扶手。建议设计坡道、定向瓷砖、扶手、房间信息、楼梯、洗浴椅、水龙头、烤架、地板表面和被认为是残疾人的物品。关键词:无障碍,差别残疾人,洗浴区,洗浴,部级规定
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引用次数: 4
Livability Level As A Guideline Of Arrangement Of Suprapto Road City Walk Corridor In Bengkulu City 宜居水平对明古鲁市高速公路城市步行走廊布局的指导作用
Pub Date : 2019-10-31 DOI: 10.20885/jars.vol3.iss1.art3
Rahzon Afryan, M. S. Roychansyah
Livable road corridors are corridors designed to accommodate the needs of all road users (motorists, cyclists and pedestrians). Livable Street provides a balance of activity between vehicles using the road corridor and the different communities there. At this time, Suprapto Road is a road corridor with a function as a commercial area. The government’s program to develop Suprapto Road in the future is by transforming it into a City Walk of Bengkulu City, this idea was stated by the Head of the Public Works and Housing Office of PUPR in Bengkulu, Mr. Rozy Ismawardi. The City Walk concept is not new, several places around the world have presented the City Walk concept in the corner of the city space, such as Clark Quay, Far East Square, and Orchard Road in Singapore. Through the City Walk concept, the local government can turn a dead old city into an active area. Related with the Bengkulu City government program above, a study is needed to get an idea of the level of livability if the city road in Bengkulu is used as a City Walk. Thus, it will objectify the factors that influence it while providing appropriate structuring guidelines for the City Walk that is Livable in Suprapto Street corridor. This study uses qualitative rationalistic methods through the perception of individuals in an effort to see, understand, and realize how the level of livability if a road functioned as a City Walk. This research begins with an observation activity on the condition of Suprapto Street in Bengkulu, complemented with the theory of livability and City Walk. Standard provisions and criteria are used to see what factors influence the level of livability in the road corridor. The research results will be the basis for determining the City Walk structuring arrangement for the Suprapto Street corridor. Keywords: livability, city walk, street’s space
宜居道路走廊是为满足所有道路使用者(驾车者、骑自行车者和行人)的需求而设计的走廊。宜居街道为使用道路走廊的车辆和不同社区之间的活动提供了平衡。此时,Suprapto路是一个具有商业功能的道路走廊。政府未来发展Suprapto路的计划是将其改造成Bengkulu市的城市步行街,这一想法是由Bengkulu市PUPR公共工程和住房办公室主任Rozy Ismawardi先生提出的。城市步行街的概念并不新鲜,世界上有几个地方在城市空间的角落提出了城市步行街的概念,如克拉克码头、远东广场和新加坡的乌节路。通过城市步行的概念,当地政府可以把一个死气沉沉的老城区变成一个活跃的地区。与上述的Bengkulu市政府项目相关的是,如果Bengkulu的城市道路被用作城市步行道,那么需要进行一项研究来了解宜居性的水平。因此,它将客观化影响它的因素,同时为Suprapto街走廊的宜居城市步行提供适当的结构指导。本研究采用定性的理性主义方法,通过个体的感知,努力观察、理解和实现一条道路作为城市步行街的宜居水平。本研究首先对Bengkulu Suprapto Street的状况进行观察,并辅以宜居性和城市步行理论。使用标准条款和标准来查看影响道路走廊宜居水平的因素。研究结果将作为确定超快街廊道城市步行街结构安排的依据。关键词:宜居性,城市步行,街道空间
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引用次数: 0
Seeing through Black Mirror: Future Society and Architecture 透视黑镜:未来社会与建筑
Pub Date : 2019-10-31 DOI: 10.20885/jars.vol3.iss1.art4
M. G. Gunagama
Black Mirror is a series of sci-fi anthology that since it first aired in 2011, has been widely discussed because of its depiction of issues on futuristic technology and its prediction about the future society. Architecture, as a form of social expression, cannot be separated from the community that existed at a time. Through the scenario in Black Mirror, the future of architecture is discussed in this paper. This paper uses analysis of future scenarios as a basis for formulating possible community conditions. The discussion in this paper includes the state of technology and society in the future described in the series, the forms of future scenarios in its narrative, and technology that affects architectural design in the future. The issues in the Black Mirror include human impulse, sensory perception, automation, memory, and cognition. The architectural design in the future depends heavily on how humans and society behave towards technological sophistication that might occur. The diminishing physical sensation will have a significant impact on how the design is formulated. Keywords: black mirror, future of architecture, scenario analysis, technology
《黑镜》是一部科幻选集,自2011年首播以来,因其对未来科技问题的描述和对未来社会的预测而受到广泛讨论。建筑作为一种社会表达形式,不能脱离当时存在的社区。本文通过《黑镜》中的场景,探讨了建筑的未来。本文利用对未来情景的分析作为制定可能的社区条件的基础。本文的讨论内容包括系列中描述的未来的技术和社会状态,叙事中未来场景的形式,以及影响未来建筑设计的技术。《黑镜》中的问题包括人类冲动、感官知觉、自动化、记忆和认知。未来的建筑设计在很大程度上取决于人类和社会如何应对可能出现的技术复杂性。逐渐减少的物理感觉将对如何制定设计产生重大影响。关键词:黑镜,未来建筑,场景分析,技术
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Architectural Research and Design Studies
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