Paige Buffington, Alexia M Sebghati, Kasey B Stewart, Samantha Lawson, Oleg Karaduta
Objective This study aims to evaluate the impact of cesarean section delivery on the neonatal intestinal microflora compared to vaginal deliveries. Design A mini-review. Methods A comprehensive search strategy was implemented, primarily using PubMed, to identify relevant studies published in English within the past 10 years. Selected studies were appraised by three independent reviewers using JBI critical appraisal and data extraction forms. Four articles were included in the analysis, encompassing systematic reviews and a retrospective cohort study. Primary and secondary outcome data were combined across these studies. Results Selected studies revealed consistent trends in bacterial colonization differences between cesarean and vaginal deliveries. Vaginally delivered infants exhibited higher populations of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium , Lactobacillus , and Bacteroides . Cesarean-delivered infants, on the other hand, showed greater colonization of Enterococcus , Klebsiella , Clostridium , Staphylococcus , Streptococcus , and Corynebacterium . Statistically significant differences were observed in two studies. All articles explored the potential health implications of these microbiome differences, with associations found between cesarean deliveries and various health outcomes. Conclusion This review demonstrates that cesarean section delivery influences the composition of the neonatal gut microbiota. The presence of certain bacterial species more prevalent in vaginally delivered infants, such as Bifidobacterium , is associated with improved infant health, while species found in cesarean-delivered infants, such as Clostridium , increase the risk of certain infections. Recognizing the increased health risks for cesarean-born infants enables clinicians to implement early screening, treatment, or prevention strategies, potentially reducing future morbidity and mortality.
{"title":"Impacts of Cesarean Section on Neonatal Gut Microbiome and Future Health Outcomes: A qualitative analysis of the literature","authors":"Paige Buffington, Alexia M Sebghati, Kasey B Stewart, Samantha Lawson, Oleg Karaduta","doi":"10.1530/mah-23-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1530/mah-23-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Objective This study aims to evaluate the impact of cesarean section delivery on the neonatal intestinal microflora compared to vaginal deliveries. Design A mini-review. Methods A comprehensive search strategy was implemented, primarily using PubMed, to identify relevant studies published in English within the past 10 years. Selected studies were appraised by three independent reviewers using JBI critical appraisal and data extraction forms. Four articles were included in the analysis, encompassing systematic reviews and a retrospective cohort study. Primary and secondary outcome data were combined across these studies. Results Selected studies revealed consistent trends in bacterial colonization differences between cesarean and vaginal deliveries. Vaginally delivered infants exhibited higher populations of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium , Lactobacillus , and Bacteroides . Cesarean-delivered infants, on the other hand, showed greater colonization of Enterococcus , Klebsiella , Clostridium , Staphylococcus , Streptococcus , and Corynebacterium . Statistically significant differences were observed in two studies. All articles explored the potential health implications of these microbiome differences, with associations found between cesarean deliveries and various health outcomes. Conclusion This review demonstrates that cesarean section delivery influences the composition of the neonatal gut microbiota. The presence of certain bacterial species more prevalent in vaginally delivered infants, such as Bifidobacterium , is associated with improved infant health, while species found in cesarean-delivered infants, such as Clostridium , increase the risk of certain infections. Recognizing the increased health risks for cesarean-born infants enables clinicians to implement early screening, treatment, or prevention strategies, potentially reducing future morbidity and mortality.","PeriodicalId":250141,"journal":{"name":"Microbiota and Host","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135201158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In centuries prior to the modern age, human mortality was largely attributed to a variety of infectious diseases. As such, research was heavily focused on discovering antimicrobial agents, which lead to the discovery of antibiotics. Fast forward to the 21st century, infectious diseases as the leading causes of human mortality are replaced by cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Recent research on these two and other polygenic diseases has revealed intriguing associations between the host and microbiota residing with the host as a previously ignored feature contributing to a variety of pathologies. The vast scope of such host-microbiota interactions, which is now known to affect most, if not all host organs and their physiology, begs the question of whether the use of antibiotics has reshaped our microbiota and thereby contributed to the surge of host new age disorders. In support, multiple studies provide clear evidence demonstrating that perturbations of the host microbiota with antibiotics have consequences on shaping the course of host susceptibility to pathologies. From the perspective of the trillions of microbiota residing within the host, this experience of what they face as consequences of the actions of the host can be likened to an ‘internal climate change’. This ‘internal climate change’ is a continuum shaped not just by antibiotics, but by the voluntary choices of the host diet, synthetic food additives, medications, lifestyle, etc. This confers a selection pressure for the fittest of microbiota to adapt and survive. By promoting such changes in the composition of microbiota, the host is faced with functional consequences of the microbial metabolites released into the host circulation. Therefore, such mutualism between the host and microbiota, when tipped, has far reaching consequences on the health of all eukaryotic hosts. The realization of this crucial bidirectional symbiosis has kindled the quest for a deep mechanistic understanding of the underlying biochemical wiring between the microbiota and host. In this regard, our new journal ‘Microbiota and Host’ is a timely journal being launched to serve as the receptacle for your highly impactful research in delineating the mechanisms governing microbiotahost interactions. The scope of the journal is not limited to humans and model organisms, but intentionally broad to encompass research on all eukaryotic hosts experiencing the ‘internal climate change’ as a cause for their transition from physiology to pathophysiology. The vision of our Journal is to encourage studies which enable us to forge ahead beyond taxonomic associations of microbiota with the host to functional characterizations of such associations. We are pleased to offer you the collective expertise of an excellent international team as our Editorial Board and welcome your submissions on topics as detailed in the scope of our journal.
{"title":"Microbiota and Host: A new Journal focused on the ‘Internal Climate Change’","authors":"B. Joe","doi":"10.1530/mah-22-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1530/mah-22-0001","url":null,"abstract":"In centuries prior to the modern age, human mortality was largely attributed to a variety of infectious diseases. As such, research was heavily focused on discovering antimicrobial agents, which lead to the discovery of antibiotics. Fast forward to the 21st century, infectious diseases as the leading causes of human mortality are replaced by cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Recent research on these two and other polygenic diseases has revealed intriguing associations between the host and microbiota residing with the host as a previously ignored feature contributing to a variety of pathologies. The vast scope of such host-microbiota interactions, which is now known to affect most, if not all host organs and their physiology, begs the question of whether the use of antibiotics has reshaped our microbiota and thereby contributed to the surge of host new age disorders. In support, multiple studies provide clear evidence demonstrating that perturbations of the host microbiota with antibiotics have consequences on shaping the course of host susceptibility to pathologies. From the perspective of the trillions of microbiota residing within the host, this experience of what they face as consequences of the actions of the host can be likened to an ‘internal climate change’. This ‘internal climate change’ is a continuum shaped not just by antibiotics, but by the voluntary choices of the host diet, synthetic food additives, medications, lifestyle, etc. This confers a selection pressure for the fittest of microbiota to adapt and survive. By promoting such changes in the composition of microbiota, the host is faced with functional consequences of the microbial metabolites released into the host circulation. Therefore, such mutualism between the host and microbiota, when tipped, has far reaching consequences on the health of all eukaryotic hosts. The realization of this crucial bidirectional symbiosis has kindled the quest for a deep mechanistic understanding of the underlying biochemical wiring between the microbiota and host. In this regard, our new journal ‘Microbiota and Host’ is a timely journal being launched to serve as the receptacle for your highly impactful research in delineating the mechanisms governing microbiotahost interactions. The scope of the journal is not limited to humans and model organisms, but intentionally broad to encompass research on all eukaryotic hosts experiencing the ‘internal climate change’ as a cause for their transition from physiology to pathophysiology. The vision of our Journal is to encourage studies which enable us to forge ahead beyond taxonomic associations of microbiota with the host to functional characterizations of such associations. We are pleased to offer you the collective expertise of an excellent international team as our Editorial Board and welcome your submissions on topics as detailed in the scope of our journal.","PeriodicalId":250141,"journal":{"name":"Microbiota and Host","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123248698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Microbiota and Host is a new, fully open-access, peer-reviewed journal publishing fundamental and applied research and reviews that advance our understanding of the impact of commensal microbiota on their hosts. The emergence of the field of research on microbiota and microbiomes has caused a shift in perspective on form and function of eukaryotes as 'meta-organisms' to be considered together with their microbiota. Disturbances in a harmonious relationship between commensal microbiota and the host are being increasingly implicated in a wide range of diseases including but not limited to obesity, liver disease, cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders and cancer. Led by Editor-in-Chief Professor Bina Joe, from the University of Toledo, Ohio, Microbiota and Host is particularly interested in publishing experimental or mechanistic articles, and those which propose potential therapeutic interventions. About Bioscientifica Bioscientifica exists to support biomedicine. Through our publishing expertise we strengthen biomedical communities to advance science and health. Bioscientifica is owned by the UK’s Society for Endocrinology and any profits made through our publications are redistributed to support biomedical research and practice.
《微生物群与宿主》是一本全新的、完全开放获取的、同行评议的期刊，发表基础和应用研究和评论，促进我们对共生微生物群对宿主的影响的理解。微生物群和微生物组研究领域的出现引起了真核生物作为“元生物”的形式和功能的观点的转变，并将其与微生物群一起考虑。共生菌群与宿主之间和谐关系的紊乱越来越多地与多种疾病有关，包括但不限于肥胖、肝病、心血管疾病、神经系统疾病和癌症。由来自俄亥俄州托莱多大学的主编Bina Joe教授领导，Microbiota and Host对发表实验性或机械性文章以及提出潜在治疗干预措施的文章特别感兴趣。bioscientiica的存在是为了支持生物医学。通过我们的出版专业知识，我们加强生物医学社区，以促进科学和健康。bioscientiica由英国内分泌学会所有，通过我们的出版物获得的任何利润都将重新分配给支持生物医学研究和实践。
{"title":"New open-access journal, Microbiota and Host, launched by Bioscientifica","authors":"Bioscientifica","doi":"10.1530/mah-22-0001a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1530/mah-22-0001a","url":null,"abstract":"Microbiota and Host is a new, fully open-access, peer-reviewed journal publishing fundamental and applied research and reviews that advance our understanding of the impact of commensal microbiota on their hosts.\u0000\u0000The emergence of the field of research on microbiota and microbiomes has caused a shift in perspective on form and function of eukaryotes as 'meta-organisms' to be considered together with their microbiota. Disturbances in a harmonious relationship between commensal microbiota and the host are being increasingly implicated in a wide range of diseases including but not limited to obesity, liver disease, cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders and cancer.\u0000\u0000Led by Editor-in-Chief Professor Bina Joe, from the University of Toledo, Ohio, Microbiota and Host is particularly interested in publishing experimental or mechanistic articles, and those which propose potential therapeutic interventions.\u0000\u0000\u0000About Bioscientifica\u0000Bioscientifica exists to support biomedicine. Through our publishing expertise we strengthen biomedical communities to advance science and health. Bioscientifica is owned by the UK’s Society for Endocrinology and any profits made through our publications are redistributed to support biomedical research and practice.\u0000","PeriodicalId":250141,"journal":{"name":"Microbiota and Host","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126537819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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