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Towards Amazon Fake Reviewers Detection: The Effect of Bulk Users 亚马逊虚假评论者检测:大量用户的影响
Youssef Esseddiq Ouatiti, Noureddine Kerzazi
Online marketplaces such as Amazon allow people to share their experiences about purchased products using textual comments known as product reviews. These reviews have become a common tool that users rely on to get insights on the quality and functionality of products and services from online consumers. However, like any other online information, reviewers raise serious questions concerning the credibility and reliability, since anyone can post reviews, which might impact the reliability of the information. This paper tackles the phenomenon of Bulk reviewers. We first analyze a large dataset of reviews from Amazon aiming to spot bulk reviewers according to their behavior. We then apply a what-if analysis to assess the effect of bulk reviews on the online marketplaces using a metric called Net Promoter Score to measure the willingness of users to recommend products. Our Results reveal that bulk users (i.e., users that review multiple times) have same distribution of ratings as non-bulk users indicating that a bulk reviewer is not automatically a fake reviewer. Yet, we discover that bulk users do inflate NPS metric and thus contribute to overestimate the level of customer satisfaction.
像亚马逊这样的在线市场允许人们使用被称为产品评论的文本评论来分享他们对购买产品的体验。这些评论已经成为用户从在线消费者那里了解产品和服务的质量和功能的常用工具。然而,像任何其他在线信息一样,评论者提出了关于可信度和可靠性的严重问题,因为任何人都可以发表评论,这可能会影响信息的可靠性。本文解决了批量审稿人现象。我们首先分析了来自亚马逊的大量评论数据集,目的是根据他们的行为发现大量的评论者。然后,我们应用假设分析来评估在线市场上大量评论的影响,使用一个称为净推荐值的指标来衡量用户推荐产品的意愿。我们的结果显示,批量用户(即多次评论的用户)与非批量用户具有相同的评分分布,这表明批量评论者不会自动成为虚假评论者。然而,我们发现大量用户确实夸大了NPS指标,从而导致高估了客户满意度水平。
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引用次数: 0
Recommender E-Learning platform using sentiment analysis aggregation 推荐使用情感分析聚合的电子学习平台
Jamal Mawane, A. Naji, M. Ramdani
The ubiquity and the fast growth of online resources has made it more and more difficult to try to respect the differences between learners in terms of cognitive ability and knowledge structure. This is even clearer with recommendation algorithms that use traditional collaborative filtering as they struggle through identifying more helpful, user friendly and easy learning resources. On top of that, the incoherent recommended content and the compound and nonlinear data on online learning users cannot be effectively handled, thus making the recommendations less efficient. To increase the level of efficiency of learning resource recommendations, this paper introduces a two steps efficient resource recommendation model. this model is based on unsupervised deep learning machine to identify learning styles and users' clusters, and a sentiment analyzer bonus system, based on user experience, to improve or decrease recommender items list classification. The model integrates also teachers to incite them to enhance the quality and the success rate of appropriate selected items. The elaboration of such a model requires the use of a considerable quantity of data learners' features, course content and assessment attributes. Furthermore, this model needs to incorporate learner interactions features. These are the requirements to build Learner features vector as input for the first step and Learner-Content ratings vector to choose the more efficient learning resource to recommend.
网络资源的无所不在和快速增长使得尊重学习者在认知能力和知识结构方面的差异变得越来越困难。这一点在使用传统协同过滤的推荐算法中更加明显,因为它们在努力识别更有用、用户友好和容易学习的资源。此外,推荐内容的不连贯和在线学习用户的复合非线性数据无法得到有效处理,从而降低了推荐的效率。为了提高学习资源推荐的效率水平,本文引入了一种两步高效资源推荐模型。该模型基于无监督深度学习机来识别学习风格和用户簇,基于用户体验的情感分析器奖励系统来改进或减少推荐项目列表分类。该模式还整合了教师,以激励他们提高适当选择项目的质量和成功率。这种模型的阐述需要使用大量的数据学习者的特征、课程内容和评估属性。此外,该模型需要包含学习者交互特征。这些是构建学习者特征向量作为第一步的输入和学习者-内容评级向量以选择更有效的学习资源来推荐的要求。
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引用次数: 2
Online Adaptive Learning: A Review of Literature 在线适应性学习:文献综述
Jallal Talaghzi, Abdellah Bennane, M. Himmi, M. Bellafkih, Aziza Benomar
In recent years, most e-learning platforms include tools that adapt learning materials to learners in order to offer them personalized learning content. Researchers around the world have worked on this topic to find solutions that help teachers to create pedagogical content and learning object that are tailored to each learner's skills, abilities, and preferences. The purpose of this study is to review the literature of works and publications on adaptive learning in E-learning platforms. More specifically, we have dealt with a set of questions relating to the adapted object, the adaptation criteria, the adaptation parameters and the adaptation methods / algorithms in online learning platforms. moreover, this study will allow us to statistically define the promising research areas in online adaptive learning and to present a vision on the use of adaptation criteria.
近年来,大多数电子学习平台都包含了适合学习者的学习材料,以便为他们提供个性化的学习内容的工具。世界各地的研究人员都在研究这个话题,以找到解决方案,帮助教师创建适合每个学习者技能、能力和偏好的教学内容和学习对象。本研究的目的是回顾电子学习平台中适应性学习的著作和出版物。更具体地说,我们讨论了在线学习平台中与自适应对象、自适应标准、自适应参数和自适应方法/算法有关的一系列问题。此外,这项研究将使我们能够从统计上定义在线适应性学习中有前途的研究领域,并对适应标准的使用提出一个愿景。
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引用次数: 37
Neural network for learning and analyzing preferences for Multi-Criteria services 用于学习和分析多准则服务偏好的神经网络
Imane Haddar, B. Raouyane, M. Bellafkih
In the latest years, service selection is becoming more and more important due to the significant effect of internet based services in the telecom industry. When it comes to selecting the best service, different candidate services with similar settings are proposed by different service providers. The selection should take into consideration the respect of the constraints of consumers in terms of Service Level Agreement contracts, what makes the modelling of the preferences of decision-makers for choice problems the main focus of this work. In order to model these preferences, we propose contextual preference functions based on machine learning techniques from neural networks. It will therefore be possible to further explain and decode preferences in order to facilitate negotiation and thus decision-making, thereby improving the quality of service providers while being on customer preferences.
近年来,由于基于互联网的服务在电信行业的显著影响,服务选择变得越来越重要。在选择最佳服务时,不同的服务提供者会提出具有相似设置的不同候选服务。选择应考虑到消费者在服务水平协议契约方面的约束,这使得决策者对选择问题的偏好建模成为本工作的主要焦点。为了对这些偏好进行建模,我们提出了基于神经网络机器学习技术的上下文偏好函数。因此,有可能进一步解释和解码偏好,以促进谈判和决策,从而提高服务提供商的质量,同时满足客户的偏好。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis and evaluation of communication Protocols for IoT Applications 物联网应用通信协议分析与评估
Sidna Jeddou, Amine Baïna, Abdallah Najid, H. E. Alami
The communication protocols are an essential part for the data communication of Internet of Things (IoT) applications. However, the selection of a communication protocol is challenging because it depends on the nature of the IoT system and its data transmission system. Copious communications protocols have been developed and employed by researchers based on their requirements in the last decade. Though, none of them is able to support all criteria requirements, like energy efficiency, security, quality of service, etc. Of all types of IoT systems, communication protocols are an ongoing dilemma for the IoT industry; consequently, it is important to analyze the comportments and mechanisms of this latter to determine their best-fit scenarios. Therefore, this paper presents an evaluation of established communication protocols HTTP, MQTT, DDS, XMPP, AMQP and CoAP for IoT applications. Firstly, it presents the broad comparison among these communication protocols to introduce their characteristics comparatively. Subsequently, it performs a detailed and in-depth analysis of the related process of gaining an understanding of their strengths and limitations. Therefore, based on this detailed evaluation, the user can determine their appropriate use for various IoT applications depending on their needs, efficiency, and suitability.
通信协议是物联网应用数据通信的重要组成部分。然而,通信协议的选择是具有挑战性的,因为它取决于物联网系统及其数据传输系统的性质。在过去的十年中,研究人员根据他们的需求开发和使用了大量的通信协议。但是,它们都不能支持所有的标准要求,比如能源效率、安全性、服务质量等。在所有类型的物联网系统中,通信协议是物联网行业的一个持续困境;因此,分析后者的性能和机制以确定它们最适合的场景是很重要的。因此,本文对物联网应用中已建立的通信协议HTTP、MQTT、DDS、XMPP、AMQP和CoAP进行了评估。首先,对这些通信协议进行了比较,比较了它们的特点。随后,对相关过程进行了详细而深入的分析,以了解它们的优势和局限性。因此,在此详细评估的基础上,用户可以根据自己的需求、效率和适用性来确定各种物联网应用的适当使用。
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引用次数: 14
Bank Failure Prediction: A Deep Learning Approach 银行倒闭预测:一种深度学习方法
Youness Abakarim, M. Lahby, Abdelbaki Attioui
As with any business, the bankruptcy of a bank manifests itself in the cessation of payments. At this point, the bank must be closed and put into liquidation. Such a situation would cause considerable prejudice to the customers and to to the economy as a whole. Hence, over the years there has been many works in the literature in regards to bankruptcy prediction. However research exploring deep learning for this problem are scares. This paper presents an empirical study of banks failures prediction, by proposing the use of deep learning in comparison with traditional methods. Using a sample of 1100 of FDIC-insured US commercial banks, over a 14-year period from 2004 to 2018, we extracted and constructed 40 performance ratios known to have an influence on banks performance and forecasting bankruptcy. We then investigated the efficiency of prediction techniques already used in the literature and the performance of a Deep Autoencoder in relation to these methods. Experimental results prove that our proposed model, based on a deep neural network, outperforms the typical statistical and machine learning methods, in terms of the Matthews Correlation Coefficient and F1Score.
与任何企业一样,银行的破产表现为停止支付。此时,银行必须关闭并进行清算。这种情况会对消费者和整个经济造成相当大的损害。因此,多年来,在破产预测方面的文献中有很多作品。然而,针对这个问题探索深度学习的研究是令人恐惧的。本文对银行倒闭预测进行了实证研究,提出使用深度学习与传统方法进行比较。在2004年至2018年的14年间,我们选取了1100家fdic担保的美国商业银行作为样本,提取并构建了40个已知对银行业绩和破产预测有影响的业绩比率。然后,我们研究了文献中已经使用的预测技术的效率以及与这些方法相关的深度自动编码器的性能。实验结果证明,我们提出的基于深度神经网络的模型在马修斯相关系数和F1Score方面优于典型的统计和机器学习方法。
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引用次数: 2
Automatic Prediction of Learning Style Based On Prior Knowledge Using IRT and FSLM 基于先验知识的学习风格的IRT和FSLM自动预测
Samia Rami, S. Bennani, Mohammed Khalidi
With the rapid progress of online learning technology, e-learning environments offer an increasing number of learning resources and platforms. One standing problem of e-learning is delivering the same learning for all learners within a particular course without taking into consideration their individual learning needs. Ideally, the content must be adjusted to fit the individual learner's learning characteristics. To this end, this study proposes a framework for adaptive learning that can align course content with each learner's learning style. Given that the important rule of placement tests for assessing prior knowledge, we propose an automatic prediction learning style at the beginning of online learning session. To overcome the cold start issue, our placement test aims: (1) to principally evaluate students' pre-requisites and to (2) implicitly provide an extensive knowledge about their predominant learning style at the beginning of training. To do that, we used two methods: a placement test based on item response theory (IRT) and a rule-based method. To classify learners according to their learning style, we adopted The Felder-Silverman learning style model (FSLM) as the basis of classification for our proposed system.
随着在线学习技术的飞速发展,电子学习环境提供了越来越多的学习资源和平台。电子学习的一个长期存在的问题是,在一门特定课程中,为所有学习者提供相同的学习内容,而不考虑他们的个人学习需求。理想情况下,内容必须调整,以适应个别学习者的学习特点。为此,本研究提出了一个适应性学习框架,可以使课程内容与每个学习者的学习风格保持一致。考虑到分班测试评估先验知识的重要规则,我们提出了一种在线学习会话开始时的自动预测学习方式。为了克服冷启动问题,我们的分班测试旨在:(1)主要评估学生的先决条件;(2)在培训开始时隐含地提供有关他们主要学习方式的广泛知识。为此,我们使用了两种方法:基于项目反应理论(IRT)的安置测试和基于规则的方法。为了根据学习者的学习风格对其进行分类,我们采用Felder-Silverman学习风格模型(FSLM)作为我们提出的系统的分类基础。
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引用次数: 0
Security Challenges of Wireless Body Area Networks: Threats and Solution 无线体域网络的安全挑战:威胁与解决方案
Khalil Boukri, N. Naja, E. Belmekki
Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are composed of a set of sensors and devices, that collect, store, process, and send physiological information. The collected data can be used to monitor elderly people, the activity of an athlete and many other benefits. However, physiological, and medical information are classified as private data, thus, WBANs applications must implement security models to protect the collected information during collection, transmission, and storage procedures. Indeed, several security requirements must be addressed in WBANs. This paper aims to present the architecture of WBANs, review the security requirements, and discuss the type of attacks and threats that can influence the performance and efficiency of WBANs.
无线体域网络(wban)由一组传感器和设备组成,用于收集、存储、处理和发送生理信息。收集到的数据可以用来监测老年人、运动员的活动和其他许多好处。然而,生理和医疗信息被归类为私有数据,因此,wban应用程序必须实现安全模型,以在收集、传输和存储过程中保护收集到的信息。实际上,在wban中必须解决几个安全需求。本文旨在介绍无线局域网的体系结构,回顾安全需求,并讨论影响无线局域网性能和效率的攻击和威胁类型。
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引用次数: 0
RCAR Framework: Building a Regularized Class Association Rules Model in a Categorical Data Space RCAR框架:在分类数据空间中构建正则化类关联规则模型
Mohamed Azmi, A. Berrado
Regularized Class Association Rules (RCAR) is an algorithm which produces rules based classifier in a categorical data space. The main goal of RCAR algorithm is to build classifiers which are as accurate as the state of the art algorithms, while improving the interpretability and allowing end-users to maintain and understand its outcome easily and without statistical modeling background. In this work, first, we introduce the RCAR framework, second, we provide the main functions which extract Class Association Rules (CARs), prune irrelevant rules, and rank the conserved CARs according to a set of weights calculated for each CAR. The RCAR framework also consists of multiple visualization techniques that traces the steps of the model building according to its parameters, which facilitates the model elaboration and tuning parameter for simple users. Eventually, we implemented the RCAR algorithm in the RCAR's R package.
正则化类关联规则(RCAR)是一种在分类数据空间中产生基于规则的分类器的算法。RCAR算法的主要目标是构建与最先进算法一样准确的分类器,同时提高可解释性,并允许最终用户在没有统计建模背景的情况下轻松维护和理解其结果。在这项工作中,我们首先介绍了RCAR框架,其次,我们提供了提取类关联规则(CAR),修剪不相关规则,并根据每个CAR计算的一组权重对保守的CAR进行排序的主要功能。RCAR框架还包含多种可视化技术,这些技术可以根据参数跟踪模型构建的步骤,这有助于简单用户进行模型细化和参数调优。最后,我们在RCAR的R包中实现了RCAR算法。
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引用次数: 1
Towards a Data Quality Assessment in Big Data 面向大数据的数据质量评估
Oumaima Reda, Imad Sassi, A. Zellou, S. Anter
In recent years, as more and more data sources have become available and the volumes of data potentially accessible have increased, the assessment of data quality has taken a central role whether at the academic, professional or any other sector. Given that users are often concerned with the need to filter a large amount of data to better satisfy their requirements and needs, and that data analysis can be based on inaccurate, incomplete, ambiguous, duplicated and of poor quality, it makes everyone wonder what the results of these analyses will really be like. However, there is a very complex process involved in the identification of new, valid, potentially useful and meaningful data from a large data collection and various information systems, and is critically dependent on a number of measures to be developed to ensure data quality. To this end, the main objective of this paper is to introduce a general study on data quality related with big data, by providing what other researchers came up with on that subject. The paper will be finalized by a comparative study between the different existing data quality models.
近年来,随着越来越多的数据源的可用性和潜在可访问数据量的增加,无论是在学术、专业还是任何其他部门,数据质量评估都发挥了核心作用。考虑到用户通常关心的是需要过滤大量数据以更好地满足他们的需求和需求,以及数据分析可能基于不准确、不完整、模糊、重复和低质量,这让每个人都想知道这些分析的结果到底会是什么样子。然而,从大量数据收集和各种信息系统中确定新的、有效的、可能有用的和有意义的数据是一个非常复杂的过程,它严重依赖于为确保数据质量而制定的若干措施。为此,本文的主要目的是介绍与大数据相关的数据质量的一般研究,并提供其他研究人员在该主题上的研究成果。本文将通过对现有不同数据质量模型的比较研究来完成。
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引用次数: 8
期刊
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Intelligent Systems: Theories and Applications
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