Pub Date : 2021-06-08DOI: 10.18601/16926722.N19.04
R. Montero
Spanish Abstract: La fiscalidad participativa supone un plexo epistémico que posibilita el empoderamiento ciudadano en la gestión integral de las finanzas públicas. Constituye un estado complejo de relaciones que posee como denominador común la democratización del soporte financiero de la labor estatal en general y administrativa en particular; su imbricación teórica con la economía social y solidaria como posición que privilegia los límites sociales al mercado, priorizando el papel de los productores, y los valores de solidaridad y fraternidad que se producen en el marco de las relaciones de distribución, cambio y consumo. El análisis de ambas teorías permite empoderar a los sujetos que tradicionalmente permanecen alejados de las decisiones financieras, y su interconexión desde el punto de vista epistemológico permite la creación de un poderoso instrumento de formulación popular de políticas dirigidas a democratizar los procesos económicos, junto con los mecanismos estatales y administrativos reguladores de la materia.
English Abstract: Participatory fiscality presupposes an epistemic plexus that enables citizen empowerment in the integral management of public finances. It constitutes a complex state of relations that has as common denominator the democratization of the financial support of the state work in general and administrative in particular. Its theoretical interconnection with the social and solidarity economy as a theoretical position that privileges the social limits to the market, prioritizing the role of producers and the values of solidarity and fraternity that take place within the framework of the relations of distribution, change and consumption. The analysis of both theorizations allows empowering subjects traditionally stay away from financial decisions and their interconnection from the epistemological point of view allows the creation of a powerful instrument of popular formulation of policies aimed at democratizing economic processes together with state and Administrative regulators of the matter.
西班牙文摘:参与式税收是一种认知神经丛，它使公民能够在公共财政的整体管理中获得权力。它构成了一种复杂的关系状态，其共同特点是对国家工作特别是行政工作的财政支助民主化;它在理论上与社会和团结经济相结合，将社会限制置于市场之上，优先考虑生产者的作用，以及在分配、变化和消费关系框架内产生的团结和友爱的价值。两个理论分析传统的赋权,受试者保持远离金融决策,并允许其互连从认识论的角度建立一个强有力的人民制定的政策文书民主化经济进程,加上国家体制和行政监管部门的事。英文摘要:参与式财政预设了一种认知神经丛，使公民能够在公共财政的整体管理中获得权力。它构成了一种复杂的关系状态，其共同特点是对国家一般工作的财政支助民主化，特别是对行政工作的财政支助民主化。它在理论上与社会和团结经济的联系是一种理论上的立场，它优先考虑对市场的社会限制，优先考虑生产者的作用以及在分配、变化和消费关系框架内产生的团结和友爱的价值。The analysis of both theorizations allows增强publication traditionally stay away from financial决定及其interconnection from The epistemological point of view allows The creation of a powerful文书of popular关乎of政策以使经济进程与state and Administrative regulator of The事项。
{"title":"La fiscalidad participativa y la economía social y solidaria (The Participatory Fiscality and Social and Solidarity Economy)","authors":"R. Montero","doi":"10.18601/16926722.N19.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18601/16926722.N19.04","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Spanish Abstract:</b> La fiscalidad participativa supone un plexo epistémico que posibilita el empoderamiento ciudadano en la gestión integral de las finanzas públicas. Constituye un estado complejo de relaciones que posee como denominador común la democratización del soporte financiero de la labor estatal en general y administrativa en particular; su imbricación teórica con la economía social y solidaria como posición que privilegia los límites sociales al mercado, priorizando el papel de los productores, y los valores de solidaridad y fraternidad que se producen en el marco de las relaciones de distribución, cambio y consumo. El análisis de ambas teorías permite empoderar a los sujetos que tradicionalmente permanecen alejados de las decisiones financieras, y su interconexión desde el punto de vista epistemológico permite la creación de un poderoso instrumento de formulación popular de políticas dirigidas a democratizar los procesos económicos, junto con los mecanismos estatales y administrativos reguladores de la materia.<br><br><b>English Abstract:</b> Participatory fiscality presupposes an epistemic plexus that enables citizen empowerment in the integral management of public finances. It constitutes a complex state of relations that has as common denominator the democratization of the financial support of the state work in general and administrative in particular. Its theoretical interconnection with the social and solidarity economy as a theoretical position that privileges the social limits to the market, prioritizing the role of producers and the values of solidarity and fraternity that take place within the framework of the relations of distribution, change and consumption. The analysis of both theorizations allows empowering subjects traditionally stay away from financial decisions and their interconnection from the epistemological point of view allows the creation of a powerful instrument of popular formulation of policies aimed at democratizing economic processes together with state and Administrative regulators of the matter.","PeriodicalId":250773,"journal":{"name":"LSN: International & Comparative Law (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129432790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper has been organised in six sections. The first one delineates the material methodology of studying the constitutional order by juxtaposing it to other ‘political’ approaches and it offers a reconstruction of the two legal theories from which it draws its inspiration. Then, the second section will broach the political theory undergirding the material study of constitutional orders with a view to show that social organisation and its legal translation ground the constitutional order. Once the theoretical foundations of the material study have been explained, in the third section the object of the study will be reconstructed by suggesting to look at its constitutive elements. Sections four and five will illustrate this methodology by taking up two examples of contemporary constitutional issues: constitutional change and directive principles. The conclusive section will explore the future development of a specific material angle: the legal organisation of the political economy.
{"title":"The Material Study of the Constitutional Order","authors":"M. Goldoni","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3727474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3727474","url":null,"abstract":"This paper has been organised in six sections. The first one delineates the material methodology of studying the constitutional order by juxtaposing it to other ‘political’ approaches and it offers a reconstruction of the two legal theories from which it draws its inspiration. Then, the second section will broach the political theory undergirding the material study of constitutional orders with a view to show that social organisation and its legal translation ground the constitutional order. Once the theoretical foundations of the material study have been explained, in the third section the object of the study will be reconstructed by suggesting to look at its constitutive elements. Sections four and five will illustrate this methodology by taking up two examples of contemporary constitutional issues: constitutional change and directive principles. The conclusive section will explore the future development of a specific material angle: the legal organisation of the political economy.","PeriodicalId":250773,"journal":{"name":"LSN: International & Comparative Law (Topic)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114252600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-29DOI: 10.18601/16926722.n17.09
Juan Camilo Cardona Buitrago
Spanish abstract: Los beneficios tributarios otorgados por las entidades territoriales en el marco de la autonomía territorial son considerados como instrumentos para incentivar el desarrollo económico y social de las jurisdicciones. Los municipios, según preceptos constitucionales, se consideran como entidades descentralizadas; en efecto, tienen la facultad para administrar y gestionar sus propios recursos. En consideración del artículo 38 de la Ley 14 de 1983, el establecimiento de los beneficios tributarios por parte de las entidades territoriales estará limitada por el término de diez años; tiempo en el cual un ente territorial podrá otorgar exenciones. La vocación industrial del Valle de San Nicolás ha posibilitado la transformación del territorio, generando cambios significativos en la estructura productiva de la región; posicionándose de esta manera como atractiva para el asentamiento empresarial y, en efecto, propiciando la competencia fiscal entre jurisdicciones para atraer contribuyentes a través de tratamientos preferenciales. En consecuencia, en el presente artículo se efectúa el análisis de la estructura jurídica de las exenciones otorgadas por los municipios de Guarne y Rionegro, en el Valle de San Nicolás, oriente antioqueño; el asentamiento empresarial y sus efectos en el recaudo; el mercado laboral y su comportamiento para las vigencias comprendidas entre los años 2008 y 2017.
English abstract: Tax benefits given by territorial institutions, following a territorial autonomy principle, are considered as tools for social and economic development in the jurisdictions. Municipalities, according to constitution principles, are considered as decentralized entities; in fact, they have the faculty to manage and take care of their own resources. Considering article 38 on Law 14 of 1983, establishing of tax benefits will be limited by a ten years term; this is the time while a territorial entity will be able to give this possibility. Industrial tendency at San Nicolas Valley, have made the possibility for a territory transformation, generating big changes in region´s productive structure; situating itself as an attractive possibility for enterprise location and of course making possible tax competences between jurisdictions in order to attract contributors because of preferential treatments. According to this, the present article is an analysis of legal structure about benefits given by municipalities of Rionegro and Guarne in San Nicolas Valley, Eastern Antioquia, Enterprise location and its effects on tax collection, labor market and its behavior for the next validity included from 2008 until 2017.
摘要:领土实体在领土自治框架内给予的税收优惠被认为是鼓励司法管辖区经济和社会发展的工具。根据宪法规定，市政当局被视为权力下放的实体;事实上，他们有权管理和管理自己的资源。根据1983年第14号法律第38条，领土当局设立税收优惠的期限为10年;领土当局可以给予豁免的时间。San nicolas山谷的工业职业使领土的转变成为可能，使该地区的生产结构发生了重大变化;因此，将自己定位为有吸引力的商业结算，并实际上促进司法管辖区之间的税收竞争，通过优惠待遇吸引纳税人。因此，本文分析了安蒂奥基亚东部圣尼古拉斯山谷的瓜恩市和里奥内格罗市给予豁免的法律结构;企业结算及其对收款的影响;2008年至2017年期间的劳动力市场及其行为。英文摘要:领土机构按照领土自治原则提供的税收优惠被认为是司法管辖区社会和经济发展的工具。根据《宪法》原则，市政当局被视为分散的实体;事实上，他们有能力管理和照顾自己的资源。考虑到1983年第14号法律第38条，税收优惠的设立期限为10年;this is the time同时领土实体将能够给予this possibility。圣尼古拉斯谷的工业趋势使领土转型成为可能，导致区域生产结构发生重大变化;将自己定位为企业选址的一个有吸引力的可能性，当然也使司法管辖区之间的税收能力成为可能，以便通过优惠待遇吸引缴款人。据此，本文分析了2008年至2017年期间圣尼古拉斯谷里奥内格罗市和瓜恩市提供的福利的法律结构、企业地点及其对税收、劳动力市场及其行为的影响。
{"title":"Beneficios tributarios otorgados por las entidades territoriales en el marco del principio de autonomía territorial (Tax Benefits given by Territorial Institutions, following a Territorial Autonomy Principle)","authors":"Juan Camilo Cardona Buitrago","doi":"10.18601/16926722.n17.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18601/16926722.n17.09","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Spanish abstract:</b> Los beneficios tributarios otorgados por las entidades territoriales en el marco de la autonomía territorial son considerados como instrumentos para incentivar el desarrollo económico y social de las jurisdicciones. Los municipios, según preceptos constitucionales, se consideran como entidades descentralizadas; en efecto, tienen la facultad para administrar y gestionar sus propios recursos. En consideración del artículo 38 de la Ley 14 de 1983, el establecimiento de los beneficios tributarios por parte de las entidades territoriales estará limitada por el término de diez años; tiempo en el cual un ente territorial podrá otorgar exenciones. La vocación industrial del Valle de San Nicolás ha posibilitado la transformación del territorio, generando cambios significativos en la estructura productiva de la región; posicionándose de esta manera como atractiva para el asentamiento empresarial y, en efecto, propiciando la competencia fiscal entre jurisdicciones para atraer contribuyentes a través de tratamientos preferenciales. En consecuencia, en el presente artículo se efectúa el análisis de la estructura jurídica de las exenciones otorgadas por los municipios de Guarne y Rionegro, en el Valle de San Nicolás, oriente antioqueño; el asentamiento empresarial y sus efectos en el recaudo; el mercado laboral y su comportamiento para las vigencias comprendidas entre los años 2008 y 2017.<br><br><b>English abstract:</b> Tax benefits given by territorial institutions, following a territorial autonomy principle, are considered as tools for social and economic development in the jurisdictions. Municipalities, according to constitution principles, are considered as decentralized entities; in fact, they have the faculty to manage and take care of their own resources. Considering article 38 on Law 14 of 1983, establishing of tax benefits will be limited by a ten years term; this is the time while a territorial entity will be able to give this possibility. Industrial tendency at San Nicolas Valley, have made the possibility for a territory transformation, generating big changes in region´s productive structure; situating itself as an attractive possibility for enterprise location and of course making possible tax competences between jurisdictions in order to attract contributors because of preferential treatments. According to this, the present article is an analysis of legal structure about benefits given by municipalities of Rionegro and Guarne in San Nicolas Valley, Eastern Antioquia, Enterprise location and its effects on tax collection, labor market and its behavior for the next validity included from 2008 until 2017.","PeriodicalId":250773,"journal":{"name":"LSN: International & Comparative Law (Topic)","volume":"382 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132171089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present report is aimed at describing the concept, legal framework, and features of the public policy clause in the Portuguese legal order, and at giving an account of the main applications of this clause in modern Portuguese case law and literature (marriage, children, custodianship, succession, contract, non-contractual obligations, property, intellectual property, and corporate). The report deals mainly with choice of law, but reference is also made to the recognition of foreign judgments, since the public policy features and applications are to a large extent common in both contexts. Portuguese courts tend to respect the exceptionality of the public policy clause. In recent case law, only a few judgments have deviated from this guideline, namely concerning the right of some heirs to a legal portion of the estate. In the vast majority of situations, the arguments based upon international public policy considerations were not accepted by the courts.
{"title":"Public Policy and Private International Law - Portugal","authors":"L. Pinheiro","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3512962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3512962","url":null,"abstract":"The present report is aimed at describing the concept, legal framework, and features of the public policy clause in the Portuguese legal order, and at giving an account of the main applications of this clause in modern Portuguese case law and literature (marriage, children, custodianship, succession, contract, non-contractual obligations, property, intellectual property, and corporate). \u0000 \u0000The report deals mainly with choice of law, but reference is also made to the recognition of foreign judgments, since the public policy features and applications are to a large extent common in both contexts. \u0000 \u0000Portuguese courts tend to respect the exceptionality of the public policy clause. In recent case law, only a few judgments have deviated from this guideline, namely concerning the right of some heirs to a legal portion of the estate. In the vast majority of situations, the arguments based upon international public policy considerations were not accepted by the courts.","PeriodicalId":250773,"journal":{"name":"LSN: International & Comparative Law (Topic)","volume":"04 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130662358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I argue that state-ownership and state-management of oil on behalf of the Iraqi people is not conducive to democracy and inconsistent with the principles of free market. I also argue that it can adversely affect economic development and might further impoverish the average Iraqi citizen. To resolve the problems, this note proposes a change to the “political” rules; i.e., change the Iraqi constitution, and provides an economic strategy to transfer oil wealth to the Iraqi people.
{"title":"Iraq: Private Ownership of Oil and the Quest for Democracy","authors":"W. Razzak","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.883866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.883866","url":null,"abstract":"I argue that state-ownership and state-management of oil on behalf of the Iraqi people is not conducive to democracy and inconsistent with the principles of free market. I also argue that it can adversely affect economic development and might further impoverish the average Iraqi citizen. To resolve the problems, this note proposes a change to the “political” rules; i.e., change the Iraqi constitution, and provides an economic strategy to transfer oil wealth to the Iraqi people.","PeriodicalId":250773,"journal":{"name":"LSN: International & Comparative Law (Topic)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133932913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With Orban’s autocratic constitutional revolution in mind, one may distinguish between three main legal steps when it comes to establishing and consolidating a partly free, pseudo democracy in a country where a democratic regime based on the rule of law was previously said to be consolidated: (i) Rewrite the constitution to make it ‘autocracy-compatible’; (ii) Organise a legislative blitzkrieg, allegedly in the name of implementing the new constitutional order, so as to conceal a process of capture (or dismantlement) of all national checks and balances; (iii) Make a strategic use (when necessary) of the constitution and/or the (captured) constitutional court to further consolidate and/or defend the new autocratic constitutional order. The lessons one may draw from Hungary’s descent into authoritarianism under Orban may help designing more resilient systems so as to prevent additional countries from experiencing a similar deliberate process of democratic and rule of law backsliding, which in the Hungarian case, has resulted in the transformation of a previously consolidated democracy into a partly free, pseudo democracy.
{"title":"How to Build and Consolidate a Partly Free Pseudo Democracy by Constitutional Means in Three Steps: The ‘Hungarian Model’","authors":"Petra Bárd, Laurent Pech","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3608784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3608784","url":null,"abstract":"With Orban’s autocratic constitutional revolution in mind, one may distinguish between three main legal steps when it comes to establishing and consolidating a partly free, pseudo democracy in a country where a democratic regime based on the rule of law was previously said to be consolidated: (i) Rewrite the constitution to make it ‘autocracy-compatible’; (ii) Organise a legislative blitzkrieg, allegedly in the name of implementing the new constitutional order, so as to conceal a process of capture (or dismantlement) of all national checks and balances; (iii) Make a strategic use (when necessary) of the constitution and/or the (captured) constitutional court to further consolidate and/or defend the new autocratic constitutional order. The lessons one may draw from Hungary’s descent into authoritarianism under Orban may help designing more resilient systems so as to prevent additional countries from experiencing a similar deliberate process of democratic and rule of law backsliding, which in the Hungarian case, has resulted in the transformation of a previously consolidated democracy into a partly free, pseudo democracy.","PeriodicalId":250773,"journal":{"name":"LSN: International & Comparative Law (Topic)","volume":"306 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123087523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The thesis of this paper is a very simple one. Mozambique should not repay the loans which three of its state-owned enterprises took out in 2013-2014 in the context of a gigantic scheme of corruption. I will provide two types of reasons for this conclusion. The first type is rather legal and straightforward. Debts incurred due to corruption and in violation of the constitution do not need to be repaid. The second type is of a more contextual character. While the loans in question are void as a matter of law, they reveal certain characteristic traits of our current worldwide financial system, which I believe must be changed. An oversupply of liquidity in capital-rich countries may have devastating effects for capital-importing, developing countries. Not the interest of creditors, but the needs of borrowers should determine sovereign lending. The current legal order governing sovereign debts needs to be adjusted to this end.
{"title":"The Law and Political Economy of Mozambique’s Odious Debt","authors":"Matthias Goldmann","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3513651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3513651","url":null,"abstract":"The thesis of this paper is a very simple one. Mozambique should not repay the loans which three of its state-owned enterprises took out in 2013-2014 in the context of a gigantic scheme of corruption. I will provide two types of reasons for this conclusion. The first type is rather legal and straightforward. Debts incurred due to corruption and in violation of the constitution do not need to be repaid. The second type is of a more contextual character. While the loans in question are void as a matter of law, they reveal certain characteristic traits of our current worldwide financial system, which I believe must be changed. An oversupply of liquidity in capital-rich countries may have devastating effects for capital-importing, developing countries. Not the interest of creditors, but the needs of borrowers should determine sovereign lending. The current legal order governing sovereign debts needs to be adjusted to this end.","PeriodicalId":250773,"journal":{"name":"LSN: International & Comparative Law (Topic)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121398231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The establishment of the Single Resolution Board (SRB) has pushed the constitutional boundaries of agencification further. After elaborating on the SRB’s powers and safeguards, one can argue that its governance structure combined with its policymaking powers distinguish the SRB from all other agencies. While trying to assess its legality of establishment and empowerment, this paper seeks to identify the nature of the empowerment, whether Meroni is still fit for purpose, and whether the limits of institutional balance have been bent or indeed broken. After expressing concerns as to the SRB’s compliance with the current EU institutional framework, the paper offers an alternative for exiting this constitutional deadlock by applying Weiler’s theory of constitutional transformation. Such a solution would legitimize the SRB as well as facilitate the functioning of Banking Union.
{"title":"Single Resolution Board: Another Meroni Extension or Another Chapter to Europe's Constitutional Transformation?","authors":"Ioannis G. Asimakopoulos","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3367559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3367559","url":null,"abstract":"The establishment of the Single Resolution Board (SRB) has pushed the constitutional boundaries of agencification further. After elaborating on the SRB’s powers and safeguards, one can argue that its governance structure combined with its policymaking powers distinguish the SRB from all other agencies. While trying to assess its legality of establishment and empowerment, this paper seeks to identify the nature of the empowerment, whether Meroni is still fit for purpose, and whether the limits of institutional balance have been bent or indeed broken. After expressing concerns as to the SRB’s compliance with the current EU institutional framework, the paper offers an alternative for exiting this constitutional deadlock by applying Weiler’s theory of constitutional transformation. Such a solution would legitimize the SRB as well as facilitate the functioning of Banking Union.","PeriodicalId":250773,"journal":{"name":"LSN: International & Comparative Law (Topic)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125153806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article examines collective legal mobilization through the courts, or collective litigation, in a non‐liberal regime. It analyses the emergence and development of collective litigation to challenge the constitutionality of section 377A of the Penal Code, the law that criminalizes same‐sex sexual conduct in Singapore. The analysis focuses on the relational dynamics of collective litigation and legal subjectivities of the social actors involved, highlighting how social positions and strategic interests shaped their interactions and decisions on litigation. While gay rights activists emphasized their movement's collective interests when choosing the appropriate case and lawyers, a movement outsider pursued individual interests on behalf of a client. Due to their divergent social positions and strategic interests, the two teams competed with each other as they initiated two separate constitutional challenges. Tension between the teams led to conflict with constituents of the gay rights movement and influenced their relational dynamics with other parties.
{"title":"Collective Litigation and the Constitutional Challenges to Decriminalizing Homosexuality in Singapore","authors":"Lynette J. Chua","doi":"10.1111/jols.12037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jols.12037","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines collective legal mobilization through the courts, or collective litigation, in a non‐liberal regime. It analyses the emergence and development of collective litigation to challenge the constitutionality of section 377A of the Penal Code, the law that criminalizes same‐sex sexual conduct in Singapore. The analysis focuses on the relational dynamics of collective litigation and legal subjectivities of the social actors involved, highlighting how social positions and strategic interests shaped their interactions and decisions on litigation. While gay rights activists emphasized their movement's collective interests when choosing the appropriate case and lawyers, a movement outsider pursued individual interests on behalf of a client. Due to their divergent social positions and strategic interests, the two teams competed with each other as they initiated two separate constitutional challenges. Tension between the teams led to conflict with constituents of the gay rights movement and influenced their relational dynamics with other parties.","PeriodicalId":250773,"journal":{"name":"LSN: International & Comparative Law (Topic)","volume":"102 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"119740420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
THE SECOND EDITION OF THIS VOLUME (April 2019) IS AVAILABLE ON SSRN AT THE FOLLOWING PAGE: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3367335. In this short presentation Western legal systems are seen in a holistic perspective as complex systems in which each traditional partition is constantly in relation with (and influenced by) the other parts. At the same time all legal systems are placed in a global context with which they are in osmosis. The work suggests that the traditional civil law/common law divide and "legal families" grouping are obsolete. The volume is aimed at introductory courses to Comparative Law and Comparative Legal Systems and is subdivided in nine chapters devoted to: 1. Democratic Systems. 2. Values. 3. Government. 4. The Economic Dimension. 5. The 'Welfare State'. 6. Repression of Crimes. 7. Judges and Jurisdiction. 8. Models for a Globalized World . 9. Conclusions: Graveyards and New Paths.
{"title":"Comparative Legal Systems. A Short Introduction","authors":"V. Zeno-Zencovich","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2982232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2982232","url":null,"abstract":"THE SECOND EDITION OF THIS VOLUME (April 2019) IS AVAILABLE ON SSRN AT THE FOLLOWING PAGE: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3367335. \u0000 \u0000In this short presentation Western legal systems are seen in a holistic perspective as complex systems in which each traditional partition is constantly in relation with (and influenced by) the other parts. At the same time all legal systems are placed in a global context with which they are in osmosis. The work suggests that the traditional civil law/common law divide and \"legal families\" grouping are obsolete. \u0000 \u0000The volume is aimed at introductory courses to Comparative Law and Comparative Legal Systems and is subdivided in nine chapters devoted to: \u0000 \u00001. Democratic Systems. 2. Values. 3. Government. 4. The Economic Dimension. 5. The 'Welfare State'. 6. Repression of Crimes. 7. Judges and Jurisdiction. 8. Models for a Globalized World . 9. Conclusions: Graveyards and New Paths.","PeriodicalId":250773,"journal":{"name":"LSN: International & Comparative Law (Topic)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129973048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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