Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.30880/jsunr.2022.03.01.007
Ng Wei Inn Valerience, Nor Atiqah Binti Norazlimi, Mohammad Ifratshim bin Muhamad Sa'ed
Avitourism is a responsible tourism activity where birdwatchers perform bird-watching, which can be either a hobby or a dedicated practice. Bird-watching is an act of observing and identifying birds in their natural environment. It can be performed by using the naked eye, using binoculars or scope for visual enhancement, listening to bird songs, or using public cams. Ayer Hitam Utara Forest Reserve is a peat swamp forest, a type of tropical moist forest with a dense layer of acidic peat and serves as a habitat for a diverse range of species. This study aims to identify bird species present in Ayer Hitam Utara Forest Reserve and evaluate the potential of avitourism in Ayer Hitam Utara Forest Reserve. A questionnaire was passed to 51 respondents to collect their opinions on developing Ayer Hitam Utara Forest Reserve as an avitourism site. Point count method and mist-netting were performed to record bird species spotted during the sampling period. The sampling has recorded 33 species in total, where there are 2 Vulnerable, 3 Near-Threatened, and 1 Endangered species, and 20 out of 33 species are totally protected under Wildlife Conservation Act 2010. The respondents have given generally positive response and are interested in visiting Ayer Hitam Utara Forest Reserve. Avitourism can potentially benefit Ayer Hitam Utara Forest Reserve economically, socially, and environmentally to local people.
观鸟旅游是一种负责任的旅游活动，观鸟者进行观鸟活动，可以是一种爱好，也可以是一种专门的实践。观鸟是一种在自然环境中观察和识别鸟类的行为。它可以通过使用肉眼，使用双筒望远镜或瞄准镜来增强视觉，听鸟鸣或使用公共摄像头来完成。Ayer Hitam Utara森林保护区是一个泥炭沼泽森林，这是一种热带潮湿森林，具有致密的酸性泥炭层，是各种物种的栖息地。本研究的目的是鉴定北塔拉森林保护区鸟类种类，并对北塔拉森林保护区旅游潜力进行评价。向51名受访者发送了一份调查问卷，以收集他们对将阿耶希坦乌塔拉森林保护区开发为旅游景点的意见。采用点计数法和雾网法记录采样期间发现的鸟类种类。采样共记录到33种，其中易危物种2种，近危物种3种，濒危物种1种，其中20种受2010年野生动物保护法完全保护。受访者普遍给予积极的回应，并有兴趣参观阿耶希坦乌塔拉森林保护区。航空旅游对当地人民的经济、社会和环境都有潜在的好处。
{"title":"The Diversity and Potential of Avitourism in Peat Swamp Ecosystem of Ayer Hitam Utara Forest Reserve, Johor","authors":"Ng Wei Inn Valerience, Nor Atiqah Binti Norazlimi, Mohammad Ifratshim bin Muhamad Sa'ed","doi":"10.30880/jsunr.2022.03.01.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsunr.2022.03.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"Avitourism is a responsible tourism activity where birdwatchers perform bird-watching, which can be either a hobby or a dedicated practice. Bird-watching is an act of observing and identifying birds in their natural environment. It can be performed by using the naked eye, using binoculars or scope for visual enhancement, listening to bird songs, or using public cams. Ayer Hitam Utara Forest Reserve is a peat swamp forest, a type of tropical moist forest with a dense layer of acidic peat and serves as a habitat for a diverse range of species. This study aims to identify bird species present in Ayer Hitam Utara Forest Reserve and evaluate the potential of avitourism in Ayer Hitam Utara Forest Reserve. A questionnaire was passed to 51 respondents to collect their opinions on developing Ayer Hitam Utara Forest Reserve as an avitourism site. Point count method and mist-netting were performed to record bird species spotted during the sampling period. The sampling has recorded 33 species in total, where there are 2 Vulnerable, 3 Near-Threatened, and 1 Endangered species, and 20 out of 33 species are totally protected under Wildlife Conservation Act 2010. The respondents have given generally positive response and are interested in visiting Ayer Hitam Utara Forest Reserve. Avitourism can potentially benefit Ayer Hitam Utara Forest Reserve economically, socially, and environmentally to local people.","PeriodicalId":250961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Natural Resources","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128895425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.30880/jsunr.2022.03.01.004
Nur Athirah Roshaizi, Mohd Shahir Shamsir Omar, Aidawati Mustapha, S. Mohamad
The existing Malaysian ethnobotanical database is not sufficiently comprehensive and may hinder sharing of ethnobotanical knowledge. The lack of interest and documentation especially in digitalizing prior knowledge is a worrying trend since Malaysia possess high ethnicity and abundance of biodiversity. It is crucial to preserve and digitalize the comprehensive ethnobotanical database as it gives benefits worldwide. This study aimed to identify online database features and data type for an ethnobotanical database, to collect and populate existing database via secondary data and to test the acceptance of the database by users by testing whether the database fulfil the requirements of a good ethnobotanical database. Rapid Prototyping method has been used in this study involving User Requirement Analysis and data acceptance test to construct and create the best ethnobotanical database. Malaysian Ethnobotanical Online Database (MYETHBO) is the database created by using the Omeka Classic management system with Darwin Core standard. There are 1,074 plants information are collected online and mostly referred GlobinMed and GBIF. In this study, 30 plant species has been setup as exemplar pages. This study successfully developed a comprehensive ethnobotanical database (MYETHBO) by being able to identify the database features and data type needed via the Rapid Prototyping method, collect and populate existing data via secondary data and test the acceptance of the database by distributing the questionnaire to lecturers. MYETHBO will be beneficial to researchers, students and public people to gain knowledge of ethnobotany. It is available at https://cercom.uthm.edu.my/myethbo/.
{"title":"Development of Malaysian Ethnobotanical Online Database","authors":"Nur Athirah Roshaizi, Mohd Shahir Shamsir Omar, Aidawati Mustapha, S. Mohamad","doi":"10.30880/jsunr.2022.03.01.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsunr.2022.03.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"The existing Malaysian ethnobotanical database is not sufficiently comprehensive and may hinder sharing of ethnobotanical knowledge. The lack of interest and documentation especially in digitalizing prior knowledge is a worrying trend since Malaysia possess high ethnicity and abundance of biodiversity. It is crucial to preserve and digitalize the comprehensive ethnobotanical database as it gives benefits worldwide. This study aimed to identify online database features and data type for an ethnobotanical database, to collect and populate existing database via secondary data and to test the acceptance of the database by users by testing whether the database fulfil the requirements of a good ethnobotanical database. Rapid Prototyping method has been used in this study involving User Requirement Analysis and data acceptance test to construct and create the best ethnobotanical database. Malaysian Ethnobotanical Online Database (MYETHBO) is the database created by using the Omeka Classic management system with Darwin Core standard. There are 1,074 plants information are collected online and mostly referred GlobinMed and GBIF. In this study, 30 plant species has been setup as exemplar pages. This study successfully developed a comprehensive ethnobotanical database (MYETHBO) by being able to identify the database features and data type needed via the Rapid Prototyping method, collect and populate existing data via secondary data and test the acceptance of the database by distributing the questionnaire to lecturers. MYETHBO will be beneficial to researchers, students and public people to gain knowledge of ethnobotany. It is available at https://cercom.uthm.edu.my/myethbo/.","PeriodicalId":250961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Natural Resources","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125420446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.30880/jsunr.2022.03.01.006
Fatima Yuguda Hassan, Tasi’u Yalwa Rilwanu, B. Usman, Ibrahim Rilwanu Yalwa
The level of concentration of heavy metal in soil is detrimental to groundwater quality in Sharada and Bompai industrial areas. A total of 40 sampling points were selected from both two areas. The digested samples were analysed for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Co, Ni and Pb using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) machine. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) was used to model and present the spatiotemporal changes of the pollution sources and factors affecting the levels of pollution. Pollution in water and potential risks introduced by heavy metal accumulation were assessed using Geo-accumulation index. Results indicated that Cadmium and Arsenic are the most vulnerable around Bompai with mean of 0.2-0.4/mg/l and 1.3-1.6 mg/l respectively, Geo-accumulation index mapping showed that Arsenic, Cadmium and Copper to have high accumulation index ranging from strong to very strong (0.99-1.48), (0.01-0.22) and (0.27-0.33) respectively, Cobalt to have moderate contamination in Sharada (wet season) with (-0.39-0.12) while lead and Chromium has the least contamination index (uncontaminated). GIS modelling and mapping indicated that all the heavy metals were found in the groundwater of the two areas but among them Cd is more concentrated. South-western part of the study area confronts the most serious heavy metal pollution, hence the need for groundwater treatment before drinking to avoid dangers associated with heavy metals.
{"title":"GEO-Accumulation Index for Heavy Metals in Groundwater: a Study of Bompai and Sharada Industrial Estates, Kano Metropolis, Nigeria","authors":"Fatima Yuguda Hassan, Tasi’u Yalwa Rilwanu, B. Usman, Ibrahim Rilwanu Yalwa","doi":"10.30880/jsunr.2022.03.01.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsunr.2022.03.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"The level of concentration of heavy metal in soil is detrimental to groundwater quality in Sharada and Bompai industrial areas. A total of 40 sampling points were selected from both two areas. The digested samples were analysed for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Co, Ni and Pb using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) machine. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) was used to model and present the spatiotemporal changes of the pollution sources and factors affecting the levels of pollution. Pollution in water and potential risks introduced by heavy metal accumulation were assessed using Geo-accumulation index. Results indicated that Cadmium and Arsenic are the most vulnerable around Bompai with mean of 0.2-0.4/mg/l and 1.3-1.6 mg/l respectively, Geo-accumulation index mapping showed that Arsenic, Cadmium and Copper to have high accumulation index ranging from strong to very strong (0.99-1.48), (0.01-0.22) and (0.27-0.33) respectively, Cobalt to have moderate contamination in Sharada (wet season) with (-0.39-0.12) while lead and Chromium has the least contamination index (uncontaminated). GIS modelling and mapping indicated that all the heavy metals were found in the groundwater of the two areas but among them Cd is more concentrated. South-western part of the study area confronts the most serious heavy metal pollution, hence the need for groundwater treatment before drinking to avoid dangers associated with heavy metals.","PeriodicalId":250961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Natural Resources","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127367092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.30880/jsunr.2021.02.02.006
Nur Farhana Fadzil, Siti Amira Othman
Fruits and vegetables from agricultural sectors are the most utilized commodities among horticultural crops. They are consumed raw, partially processed and entirely processed owing to their nutritional values. Living in the growing population and fast-developing world, the demands production from this sector are also increasing which lead to inclining quantity of wastes and residues day by day which strongly affected our health, economy, environment and social community. The losses and waste in fruit and vegetables are the highest among all type of food as estimated by United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), and it may reach up to 60%. Realizing this fact, there is demand for each agricultural sectors for proper waste management of these agro-materials residues through waste recycling approach. These residues constitute various valuable by-products such as phenolic compounds, fibers, cellulosic and vitamins which can be further exploited into biogas, bioenergy, biofuel, biocomposite and biomaterials that can be implemented into industries of textiles, food safety and packaging, medical tool, building blocks and many more. Hence, there is in-depth attention of research and studies for agricultural waste biorefinery as well as their recycling methods. This article presents a review on classification of these residues, several refinery products of agro-industrial wastes and their challenges needed to overcome in the future.
{"title":"The Growing Biorefinery of Agricultural Wastes: A Short Review","authors":"Nur Farhana Fadzil, Siti Amira Othman","doi":"10.30880/jsunr.2021.02.02.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsunr.2021.02.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"Fruits and vegetables from agricultural sectors are the most utilized commodities among horticultural crops. They are consumed raw, partially processed and entirely processed owing to their nutritional values. Living in the growing population and fast-developing world, the demands production from this sector are also increasing which lead to inclining quantity of wastes and residues day by day which strongly affected our health, economy, environment and social community. The losses and waste in fruit and vegetables are the highest among all type of food as estimated by United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), and it may reach up to 60%. Realizing this fact, there is demand for each agricultural sectors for proper waste management of these agro-materials residues through waste recycling approach. These residues constitute various valuable by-products such as phenolic compounds, fibers, cellulosic and vitamins which can be further exploited into biogas, bioenergy, biofuel, biocomposite and biomaterials that can be implemented into industries of textiles, food safety and packaging, medical tool, building blocks and many more. Hence, there is in-depth attention of research and studies for agricultural waste biorefinery as well as their recycling methods. This article presents a review on classification of these residues, several refinery products of agro-industrial wastes and their challenges needed to overcome in the future.","PeriodicalId":250961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Natural Resources","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117057216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.30880/jsunr.2021.02.02.002
N. Abdullah, N. F. Khodri, N. Arifin, Muhammad Rizal Abdul Rahim, Siti Hajar Atiqah Razali, Nurul Darsani Amat Darbis, Shukor Md Nor
Despite the increasing numbers of hydro-dam worldwide, only a handful of studies evaluated their impacts on biodiversity especially terrestrial small mammals. This survey aimed to provide an updated checklist and diversity status of small mammals inhabiting the Tekai-Tembeling Forest Reserve (TTFR), an area that has been extensively logged for the next phase of construction of dam. To elucidate further the species assemblages and diversity of small mammals within TTFR, a comparison was made to a nearby forest, Ulu Jelai Forest Reserve (UJFR), which was also has been logged for the development of Telom Dam. 10 days survey conducted in March 2018 by using cage-trapping and mist-netting techniques, successfully recorded a total of 27 species (Shannon Index (H’) = 3.11) in TTFR and 23 species (H’=2.62) in UJFR. Most of these species in TTFR were bats (56 individuals representing 22 species), rodents (three species representing four individuals) and squirrels (two species representing three individuals). Insectivorous bat species, Narrow-winged Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus cf. stenopterus), are the most abundance in TTFR mainly because insectivorous bats behavior that forage understory in a lowland forest and some of these bats is known to forage in groups. Results from this study indicated that richness and diversity of small mammal’s species assemblages appear to decline in TTFR at which this can be associated to less sampling approaches due to the seasonal impact (rainy season) and habitat disturbance or habitat changes resulted from extensive logging activity. A good mitigation measures should be conducted immediately to prevent elimination species at the study area.
{"title":"Small Mammals of Tekai Tembeling Forest Reserve (TTFR), Jerantut, Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia","authors":"N. Abdullah, N. F. Khodri, N. Arifin, Muhammad Rizal Abdul Rahim, Siti Hajar Atiqah Razali, Nurul Darsani Amat Darbis, Shukor Md Nor","doi":"10.30880/jsunr.2021.02.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsunr.2021.02.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the increasing numbers of hydro-dam worldwide, only a handful of studies evaluated their impacts on biodiversity especially terrestrial small mammals. This survey aimed to provide an updated checklist and diversity status of small mammals inhabiting the Tekai-Tembeling Forest Reserve (TTFR), an area that has been extensively logged for the next phase of construction of dam. To elucidate further the species assemblages and diversity of small mammals within TTFR, a comparison was made to a nearby forest, Ulu Jelai Forest Reserve (UJFR), which was also has been logged for the development of Telom Dam. 10 days survey conducted in March 2018 by using cage-trapping and mist-netting techniques, successfully recorded a total of 27 species (Shannon Index (H’) = 3.11) in TTFR and 23 species (H’=2.62) in UJFR. Most of these species in TTFR were bats (56 individuals representing 22 species), rodents (three species representing four individuals) and squirrels (two species representing three individuals). Insectivorous bat species, Narrow-winged Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus cf. stenopterus), are the most abundance in TTFR mainly because insectivorous bats behavior that forage understory in a lowland forest and some of these bats is known to forage in groups. Results from this study indicated that richness and diversity of small mammal’s species assemblages appear to decline in TTFR at which this can be associated to less sampling approaches due to the seasonal impact (rainy season) and habitat disturbance or habitat changes resulted from extensive logging activity. A good mitigation measures should be conducted immediately to prevent elimination species at the study area.","PeriodicalId":250961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Natural Resources","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125575211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.30880/jsunr.2021.02.02.003
Nurhidayah Binti Abdullah, S. Dharmalingam, B. M. Md-Zain
Although orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) is one of Malaysian iconic species, however when compared to other great apes this species is not well studied. Several good articles regarding this species in captivity are relatively limited. Due to this reason, a behavioral study of this orangutan (P. pygmaeus) was conducted at Orang Utan Island, Bukit Merah, Perak. The main objectives of this study were to understand the ethology of orangutan in a semi-wild condition and the space utilization of the orangutans that would help in giving picture of the animal’s arboreal and terrestrial nature. Preliminary observations were carried out for five days in January 2016 and intensive observations was carried out for a month in February 2016. The observation method used was focal sampling with continuous reading. The observations were done by focusing on one individual subject for every one hour from 09:00 a.m. to 13:00 p.m. and from 14:00 p.m. to 17:00 p.m. The behavioral profile of the orangutans in semi-wild environment showed that resting, feeding, and playing are the three major daily activities of the orangutans on the island. In accordance with the purpose of this study, the result of the behavioral activities of orangutan can be used for the management and well-being of the orangutan in the study site. Hopefully, with the provided information, this will help to increase our understanding of orangutans’ behavior in a semi-wild environment.
{"title":"A Behavioral Study on the Bornean Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) in a Semi-wild Environment at Bukit Merah Orang Utan Island, Perak","authors":"Nurhidayah Binti Abdullah, S. Dharmalingam, B. M. Md-Zain","doi":"10.30880/jsunr.2021.02.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsunr.2021.02.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"Although orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) is one of Malaysian iconic species, however when compared to other great apes this species is not well studied. Several good articles regarding this species in captivity are relatively limited. Due to this reason, a behavioral study of this orangutan (P. pygmaeus) was conducted at Orang Utan Island, Bukit Merah, Perak. The main objectives of this study were to understand the ethology of orangutan in a semi-wild condition and the space utilization of the orangutans that would help in giving picture of the animal’s arboreal and terrestrial nature. Preliminary observations were carried out for five days in January 2016 and intensive observations was carried out for a month in February 2016. The observation method used was focal sampling with continuous reading. The observations were done by focusing on one individual subject for every one hour from 09:00 a.m. to 13:00 p.m. and from 14:00 p.m. to 17:00 p.m. The behavioral profile of the orangutans in semi-wild environment showed that resting, feeding, and playing are the three major daily activities of the orangutans on the island. In accordance with the purpose of this study, the result of the behavioral activities of orangutan can be used for the management and well-being of the orangutan in the study site. Hopefully, with the provided information, this will help to increase our understanding of orangutans’ behavior in a semi-wild environment.","PeriodicalId":250961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Natural Resources","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134284426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.30880/jsunr.2021.02.02.004
Naziatul Izzaty Sa’ari, M. F. Abu Bakar, Nur Hafizah Malik
Four species of freshwater fish from Kampung Peta, Johor namely Osteochilus flavicauda (Rong batu sirip), Labiobarbus festivus (Kawan), Barbonymus gonionotus (Lampam Jawa) and Puntioplites bulu (Tenggalan) were investigated in this study. The selected freshwater fishes from the Cyprinidae family were analyzed for their physical properties and proximate composition. The fishes exhibited weight of less than 400 g and have body length between 16 to 23 cm. Proximate analysis revealed that all fish species had comparable (p > 0.05) crude protein (13.40 - 13.75%) and ash content (2.76 - 3.27%) with each other. The moisture content was found to be between 77.02-82.65% where B. gonionotus exhibited a significantly (p < 0.05) higher percentage than the other species. The freshwater fishes were identified to be a lean fish containing crude fat of less than 2%. The highest (1.09 %) and lowest (0.48 %) amount of fat were recorded for O. flavicauda and B. gonionotus respectively. Meanwhile, the carbohydrate value ranging from 0.46 % to 5.26 % was inversely related to the protein content. Significant differences in carbohydrate value (p < 0.05) were observed between O. flavicauda (5.26%), L. festiva (2.91 %) and B. gonionotus (0.46%) while L. festiva and P. bulu (3.57%) showed insignificant differences (p > 0.05). These values are useful as a baseline data on the nutritional quality of freshwater fish from Kampung Peta, Johor.
{"title":"Proximate Composition of Selected Freshwater Fish from Kampung Peta, Johor, Malaysia","authors":"Naziatul Izzaty Sa’ari, M. F. Abu Bakar, Nur Hafizah Malik","doi":"10.30880/jsunr.2021.02.02.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsunr.2021.02.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"Four species of freshwater fish from Kampung Peta, Johor namely Osteochilus flavicauda (Rong batu sirip), Labiobarbus festivus (Kawan), Barbonymus gonionotus (Lampam Jawa) and Puntioplites bulu (Tenggalan) were investigated in this study. The selected freshwater fishes from the Cyprinidae family were analyzed for their physical properties and proximate composition. The fishes exhibited weight of less than 400 g and have body length between 16 to 23 cm. Proximate analysis revealed that all fish species had comparable (p > 0.05) crude protein (13.40 - 13.75%) and ash content (2.76 - 3.27%) with each other. The moisture content was found to be between 77.02-82.65% where B. gonionotus exhibited a significantly (p < 0.05) higher percentage than the other species. The freshwater fishes were identified to be a lean fish containing crude fat of less than 2%. The highest (1.09 %) and lowest (0.48 %) amount of fat were recorded for O. flavicauda and B. gonionotus respectively. Meanwhile, the carbohydrate value ranging from 0.46 % to 5.26 % was inversely related to the protein content. Significant differences in carbohydrate value (p < 0.05) were observed between O. flavicauda (5.26%), L. festiva (2.91 %) and B. gonionotus (0.46%) while L. festiva and P. bulu (3.57%) showed insignificant differences (p > 0.05). These values are useful as a baseline data on the nutritional quality of freshwater fish from Kampung Peta, Johor.","PeriodicalId":250961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Natural Resources","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117185739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.30880/jsunr.2021.12.02.001
Rabiatul Adawiyah Zayadi
This paper reviews the current status of livestock industry in Malaysia and the measures taken to direct this industry towards sustainability. The statistics related to the number of animals and farms, self-sufficiency ratio, and consumption of livestock products are presented. The largest population of livestock in Malaysia goes to non-ruminant where chicken dominates by 95.9%. However, the largest percentage of registered livestock farms in West Malaysia is dominated by ruminant farmers of which 56.3% are beef cattle farms. The meat consumption in Malaysia is inclined towards white meat where poultry meat has self-sufficiency ratio of over 100% for the past five years. The manure excreted from the livestock in Malaysia is estimated to be 17.745 million tons for the year 2020 which is largely contributed by chicken, followed by cattle. The current practices and policies adopted to emphasize sustainability in this industry are also reviewed. Current policies in Malaysia that are related to livestock industry adopt sustainable practices which is important to expand the livestock industry without harming the environment.
{"title":"Current Outlook of Livestock Industry in Malaysia and Ways Towards Sustainability","authors":"Rabiatul Adawiyah Zayadi","doi":"10.30880/jsunr.2021.12.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsunr.2021.12.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews the current status of livestock industry in Malaysia and the measures taken to direct this industry towards sustainability. The statistics related to the number of animals and farms, self-sufficiency ratio, and consumption of livestock products are presented. The largest population of livestock in Malaysia goes to non-ruminant where chicken dominates by 95.9%. However, the largest percentage of registered livestock farms in West Malaysia is dominated by ruminant farmers of which 56.3% are beef cattle farms. The meat consumption in Malaysia is inclined towards white meat where poultry meat has self-sufficiency ratio of over 100% for the past five years. The manure excreted from the livestock in Malaysia is estimated to be 17.745 million tons for the year 2020 which is largely contributed by chicken, followed by cattle. The current practices and policies adopted to emphasize sustainability in this industry are also reviewed. Current policies in Malaysia that are related to livestock industry adopt sustainable practices which is important to expand the livestock industry without harming the environment.","PeriodicalId":250961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Natural Resources","volume":"39 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121928564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.30880/jsunr.2021.02.02.005
Hanis Azman, K. Kamarudin, Z. Che Cob, Ummi Nurain Akma Baharin, S. M. Mohd Fadzil, Nurin Husnina Mohd Faid, Noor Syazwani Shahrul Zaman, Farhanah Shahdan, Siti Najihah Solehin, Nursyamfarhani Akashah, N. S. Badrulhisham, Muhammad Idham Legiman, Aisyah MOHAMED REHAN
Research on bivalves in Malaysia and documentation on bivalve fishery is still lacking in the recent years. Study on the diversity of bivalves will help contribute to the Malaysian database and the documentation of traditional knowledge on bivalve fishery will prevent the knowledge from going extinct. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the species diversity of bivalves present in Sedili Kechil, Johor and also to gain access to the traditional knowledge of the fishermen involved in bivalve fishery practiced in the area. Bivalves were handpicked randomly throughout the coastal region and a total of 10 respondents make up the sample size of this study. The traditional knowledge was gathered with the aid of a semi-structured questionnaire through a combination of non-participant observation and in-depth interview method. This study has collected the first record of species of bivalves in Sedili Kechil. The bivalves’ diversity in Sedili Kechil is medium to low diversity by using Shannon Wiener Index (1.26) and Pielou’s Index of Evenness (0.41) and the traditional knowledge is documented regarding the variety of habitat preferences, fishery seasons, and exploitation and preservation methods. It is discovered that most bivalves occupy sandy substrates with four periods of availability and with different exploitation methods with respective to species. No preservation method is practiced by the villagers. The association with abiotic components and non-abiotic components and preference timing and depth for bivalve fishery are also noted. This record on species diversity and the documentation of traditional knowledge is hoped to be contributing to the Malaysian database and become preliminary data for future research.
{"title":"Preliminary Studies on Species Diversity of Coastal Bivalves and the Traditional Knowledge on Bivalve Fishery in Sedili Kechil, Johor","authors":"Hanis Azman, K. Kamarudin, Z. Che Cob, Ummi Nurain Akma Baharin, S. M. Mohd Fadzil, Nurin Husnina Mohd Faid, Noor Syazwani Shahrul Zaman, Farhanah Shahdan, Siti Najihah Solehin, Nursyamfarhani Akashah, N. S. Badrulhisham, Muhammad Idham Legiman, Aisyah MOHAMED REHAN","doi":"10.30880/jsunr.2021.02.02.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsunr.2021.02.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"Research on bivalves in Malaysia and documentation on bivalve fishery is still lacking in the recent years. Study on the diversity of bivalves will help contribute to the Malaysian database and the documentation of traditional knowledge on bivalve fishery will prevent the knowledge from going extinct. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the species diversity of bivalves present in Sedili Kechil, Johor and also to gain access to the traditional knowledge of the fishermen involved in bivalve fishery practiced in the area. Bivalves were handpicked randomly throughout the coastal region and a total of 10 respondents make up the sample size of this study. The traditional knowledge was gathered with the aid of a semi-structured questionnaire through a combination of non-participant observation and in-depth interview method. This study has collected the first record of species of bivalves in Sedili Kechil. The bivalves’ diversity in Sedili Kechil is medium to low diversity by using Shannon Wiener Index (1.26) and Pielou’s Index of Evenness (0.41) and the traditional knowledge is documented regarding the variety of habitat preferences, fishery seasons, and exploitation and preservation methods. It is discovered that most bivalves occupy sandy substrates with four periods of availability and with different exploitation methods with respective to species. No preservation method is practiced by the villagers. The association with abiotic components and non-abiotic components and preference timing and depth for bivalve fishery are also noted. This record on species diversity and the documentation of traditional knowledge is hoped to be contributing to the Malaysian database and become preliminary data for future research.","PeriodicalId":250961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Natural Resources","volume":"2012 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127404532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-28DOI: 10.30880/jsunr.2021.02.01.002
S. Hamzah, M. Dalimin, Mohamad Md Som, Rahmat Talib, W. M. Utomo, K. N. Ramli, Ansar Abd Jamil, M. Zainal, M. Sanusi, M. Mustapa, N. Yusoff
Peat forest fire detectors need to be developed immediately due to the frequency of peat forest fires in Malaysia during the summer is very high. This can affect the life in the forest and the health of the surrounding population. Among them is the Ayer Hitam Muar Forest Reserve, Johor which is almost 50,000 acres in size and experiences fires every year. However, fire monitoring management methods still need to be improved in terms of speed, accuracy and systematic channeling fire alerts. Apart from location and area factors, the main challenge of the early fire detection process is the lack of manpower to monitor and notify fires. The conventional method through patrols and phone calls from farmers who see a fire is less effective because of the delay in the notification received by the authorities. Initially, the work of identifying the location of the fire and measuring the signal strength of the telco service in the Forest Reserve was done with the help of rangers from the Muar district forestry department. This article proposes a prototype for detecting peat forest fires capable of monitoring and sending early fire notifications using a smartphone. The prototype uses an ESP32 microcontroller, GSM/GPRS modem and industry-standard sensors incluing smoke, temperature, humidity and motion detectors. A total of five prototype units were developed as sensor nodes (SN) 1 to 5 with unique IDs that can send information to UTHM web servers simultaneously. Data from each SN is displayed in real-time while notifications of smoke detection and motion alerts are sent to the authorities via the Telegram application. Solar panels are used as a source of electricity supply while the authorities can access information via smartphones. This prototype was tested to see its stability and operational accuracy while the data obtained were recorded. The developed system can help the authorities detect fires at an early stage and the location of the fire can be known based on the SN information received on the smartphone screen.
{"title":"Design and Built a Prototype Kit for Fire Detection in a Peat Swamp Forest: A Preliminary Results","authors":"S. Hamzah, M. Dalimin, Mohamad Md Som, Rahmat Talib, W. M. Utomo, K. N. Ramli, Ansar Abd Jamil, M. Zainal, M. Sanusi, M. Mustapa, N. Yusoff","doi":"10.30880/jsunr.2021.02.01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsunr.2021.02.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"Peat forest fire detectors need to be developed immediately due to the frequency of peat forest fires in Malaysia during the summer is very high. This can affect the life in the forest and the health of the surrounding population. Among them is the Ayer Hitam Muar Forest Reserve, Johor which is almost 50,000 acres in size and experiences fires every year. However, fire monitoring management methods still need to be improved in terms of speed, accuracy and systematic channeling fire alerts. Apart from location and area factors, the main challenge of the early fire detection process is the lack of manpower to monitor and notify fires. The conventional method through patrols and phone calls from farmers who see a fire is less effective because of the delay in the notification received by the authorities. Initially, the work of identifying the location of the fire and measuring the signal strength of the telco service in the Forest Reserve was done with the help of rangers from the Muar district forestry department. This article proposes a prototype for detecting peat forest fires capable of monitoring and sending early fire notifications using a smartphone. The prototype uses an ESP32 microcontroller, GSM/GPRS modem and industry-standard sensors incluing smoke, temperature, humidity and motion detectors. A total of five prototype units were developed as sensor nodes (SN) 1 to 5 with unique IDs that can send information to UTHM web servers simultaneously. Data from each SN is displayed in real-time while notifications of smoke detection and motion alerts are sent to the authorities via the Telegram application. Solar panels are used as a source of electricity supply while the authorities can access information via smartphones. This prototype was tested to see its stability and operational accuracy while the data obtained were recorded. The developed system can help the authorities detect fires at an early stage and the location of the fire can be known based on the SN information received on the smartphone screen.","PeriodicalId":250961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Natural Resources","volume":"176 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132385701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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