The education sector in the Philippines, like all other sectors, has been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. A drastic paradigm shift turned these academic learning institutions into a 360-degree turn. Totally setting aside the traditional physical face-to-face and embracing a hybrid form of learning modalities for the 24.9 million students from the basic and higher education. The primary aim of this narrative study is to gain an understanding of the several types of educational institutions and the impact of COVID-19 on their operations. Examining the viability of these educational institutions and adapting potential solutions to the crisis. According to the findings, evaluating financial capacity, educational technology capacity, and government assistance can assist these institutions in surviving the current crisis. Adapting a business model tool, considering the customer dimension and the need for protection;the value dimension and the need for stability;the value demonstration dimension and the need for stimulus;and the capability dimension and the need for preparation.
{"title":"Understanding the Typologies of the Different Learning Institutions in the Philippines: Surviving the Crisis of COVID-19 and Beyond","authors":"S. Morales, Y. Morales","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3724396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3724396","url":null,"abstract":"The education sector in the Philippines, like all other sectors, has been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. A drastic paradigm shift turned these academic learning institutions into a 360-degree turn. Totally setting aside the traditional physical face-to-face and embracing a hybrid form of learning modalities for the 24.9 million students from the basic and higher education. The primary aim of this narrative study is to gain an understanding of the several types of educational institutions and the impact of COVID-19 on their operations. Examining the viability of these educational institutions and adapting potential solutions to the crisis. According to the findings, evaluating financial capacity, educational technology capacity, and government assistance can assist these institutions in surviving the current crisis. Adapting a business model tool, considering the customer dimension and the need for protection;the value dimension and the need for stability;the value demonstration dimension and the need for stimulus;and the capability dimension and the need for preparation.","PeriodicalId":251127,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Other Management of Innovation (Topic)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127654285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.34218/ijm.10.6.2019.017
Kiran Mayi Immaneni, Dr. Vedala Naga Sailaja
The hotel industry is experiencing many issues along with the economic slump impact on the footfall. The present study has been emphasized on the factors effecting the employees’ attrition in hotel industry. The study has considered the 4 and 5 stars rated employees as the sample respondents in Hyderabad district of Telangana state. The study mainly focused on the factors effecting the attrition and the measures to control. The study applied the simple random methodology to determine the sample size and collected the primary data. The structure equation model has been applied to know the effect of factors on the attrition of employees and the result stated that the long working hours are significantly influencing followed by the low job profile. The factor analysis has been applied for the suggestive measures and the result stated that the management should decrease the working hours and they should offer the incentives with recognition for the employees, so that the service quality level will be improved in the hotel industry. This paper is useful to the hotel industry management, employees and other related sectors.
{"title":"A Study on Factors Effecting the Employees Attrition in Hotel Industry with Reference Hyderabad","authors":"Kiran Mayi Immaneni, Dr. Vedala Naga Sailaja","doi":"10.34218/ijm.10.6.2019.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34218/ijm.10.6.2019.017","url":null,"abstract":"The hotel industry is experiencing many issues along with the economic slump impact on the footfall. The present study has been emphasized on the factors effecting the employees’ attrition in hotel industry. The study has considered the 4 and 5 stars rated employees as the sample respondents in Hyderabad district of Telangana state. The study mainly focused on the factors effecting the attrition and the measures to control. The study applied the simple random methodology to determine the sample size and collected the primary data. The structure equation model has been applied to know the effect of factors on the attrition of employees and the result stated that the long working hours are significantly influencing followed by the low job profile. The factor analysis has been applied for the suggestive measures and the result stated that the management should decrease the working hours and they should offer the incentives with recognition for the employees, so that the service quality level will be improved in the hotel industry. This paper is useful to the hotel industry management, employees and other related sectors.","PeriodicalId":251127,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Other Management of Innovation (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130603419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriel Vélez Cuartas, Diego Restrepo, Alejandro Uribe-Tirado, Jaider Ochoa-Gutiérrez, C. Pallares, H. Gómez, Marcela Suárez, María Coral Correa, Luisa Fernanda López Vargas, Julián Calle, Ana María Osorio López, A. Álvarez, David Medina Alfonso, Robledo-Velásquez, Jorge
In the current report, the results of the second stage are presented (first stage: Velez Cuartas, et al, 2017), for which some indicators and the conceptual scheme were improved. Most of the indicators have been applied to the University of Antioquia (Medellin-Colombia) in general. However, this time a focus was made from the selection of six of its largest faculties: Engineering, Social Sciences and Humanities, Exact and Natural Sciences, Medicine, Agricultural Sciences and Arts. Different areas of knowledge were also considered, according to the Frascati Manual. The final purpose of this study was to generate indicators with different forms of collaborative production or directed to different audiences, for the construction of knowledge and the development of the substantive university missions (teaching, research and extension -third mission-), which allowed a new Model to identify the university-environment relationship.
在本报告中，介绍了第二阶段的结果(第一阶段:Velez Cuartas, et al, 2017)，其中一些指标和概念方案得到了改进。大多数指标一般适用于安蒂奥基亚大学(麦德林-哥伦比亚)。然而，这一次的重点是选择六个最大的学院:工程、社会科学与人文、精确与自然科学、医学、农业科学和艺术。根据《弗拉斯卡蒂手册》，他们还考虑了不同领域的知识。本研究的最终目的是为知识的构建和实质性大学使命(教学、研究和推广-第三使命-)的发展生成具有不同形式的协同生产或针对不同受众的指标，从而允许一个新的模型来识别大学与环境的关系。
{"title":"Métricas de Vinculación Universidad-Entorno: Universidad de Antioquia (Metrics for University Linkage with the Environment: Universidad De Antioquia)","authors":"Gabriel Vélez Cuartas, Diego Restrepo, Alejandro Uribe-Tirado, Jaider Ochoa-Gutiérrez, C. Pallares, H. Gómez, Marcela Suárez, María Coral Correa, Luisa Fernanda López Vargas, Julián Calle, Ana María Osorio López, A. Álvarez, David Medina Alfonso, Robledo-Velásquez, Jorge","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3481925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3481925","url":null,"abstract":"In the current report, the results of the second stage are presented (first stage: Velez Cuartas, et al, 2017), for which some indicators and the conceptual scheme were improved. Most of the indicators have been applied to the University of Antioquia (Medellin-Colombia) in general. However, this time a focus was made from the selection of six of its largest faculties: Engineering, Social Sciences and Humanities, Exact and Natural Sciences, Medicine, Agricultural Sciences and Arts. Different areas of knowledge were also considered, according to the Frascati Manual. The final purpose of this study was to generate indicators with different forms of collaborative production or directed to different audiences, for the construction of knowledge and the development of the substantive university missions (teaching, research and extension -third mission-), which allowed a new Model to identify the university-environment relationship.","PeriodicalId":251127,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Other Management of Innovation (Topic)","volume":"912 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126989447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Existing literature has identified the effects of competition and firms’ ownership and management structure on firms’ decisions to invest in innovation. We extend this literature by examining the role of market-demand uncertainty on the relationship between firm ownership, management structure and management turnover, on the one hand, and firms’ innovation on the other hand. We evaluate the effects of firms’ competitiveness, concentration of firms’ ownership, presence of foreigners among owners and on owner-appointed corporate boards of directors, management independence, and management turnover rates on firms’ patent applications under varying degrees of demand uncertainty. The validity of alternative hypotheses about management motivation - lazy manager, career concerns, prospect theory, and special East-Asian institutional constraints hypotheses - is evaluated, controlling for firms’ prior investment in innovation and firm characteristics. Unique data for 711 Korean firms and nine years, 2003-2011, are used (4,339 records). We find support for the lazy-manager hypothesis by identifying substitutability between competitive pressures and owner-manager separation in driving managers’ effort to pursue innovation. Demand uncertainty raises managers’ incentives to innovate, by increasing the potential stake from innovation and increasing the risk of default if firms fail to innovate. There is little evidence that Korean managers pursue innovation to ease their career concerns or to meet an expected performance yardstick, or that they follow an idiosyncratic East-Asian pattern. Management turnover has little effect on innovation, and firms’ existing performance increases innovation. Foreign ownership and direction, and the share of the largest firm owner have little effect on firms’ innovation.
{"title":"Corporate Governance and Innovation under Demand Uncertainty: A Panel Study of Korean Firms","authors":"V. Hlasny, Min-ho Cho","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3014138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3014138","url":null,"abstract":"Existing literature has identified the effects of competition and firms’ ownership and management structure on firms’ decisions to invest in innovation. We extend this literature by examining the role of market-demand uncertainty on the relationship between firm ownership, management structure and management turnover, on the one hand, and firms’ innovation on the other hand. We evaluate the effects of firms’ competitiveness, concentration of firms’ ownership, presence of foreigners among owners and on owner-appointed corporate boards of directors, management independence, and management turnover rates on firms’ patent applications under varying degrees of demand uncertainty. The validity of alternative hypotheses about management motivation - lazy manager, career concerns, prospect theory, and special East-Asian institutional constraints hypotheses - is evaluated, controlling for firms’ prior investment in innovation and firm characteristics. Unique data for 711 Korean firms and nine years, 2003-2011, are used (4,339 records). We find support for the lazy-manager hypothesis by identifying substitutability between competitive pressures and owner-manager separation in driving managers’ effort to pursue innovation. Demand uncertainty raises managers’ incentives to innovate, by increasing the potential stake from innovation and increasing the risk of default if firms fail to innovate. There is little evidence that Korean managers pursue innovation to ease their career concerns or to meet an expected performance yardstick, or that they follow an idiosyncratic East-Asian pattern. Management turnover has little effect on innovation, and firms’ existing performance increases innovation. Foreign ownership and direction, and the share of the largest firm owner have little effect on firms’ innovation.","PeriodicalId":251127,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Other Management of Innovation (Topic)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121714296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-08DOI: 10.18601/01233734.N27.04
D. Mendoza, Yolmis Nicolás Rojano Alvarado, Edwin Alberto Salas Solano
Spanish Abstract: El presente estudio tiene como objetivo disenar estrategias que permitan a las pymes ver, desde el pensamiento estrategico, una innovacion tecnologica, con la finalidad de cumplir con el objetivo basico financiero de crecer y ser competitivas en el mercado. El proyecto ilustra la forma como las pymes pueden obtener un desarrollo empresarial a partir de una innovacion tecnologica planeada desde su filosofia institucional. El mismo impone como desafio para estas empresas el establecimiento de un plan de accion articulado y la construccion de escenarios de desarrollo que involucren y beneficien a todos los actores, generandoles ventajas competitivas. El estudio se realizo encuestando 95 empresas del departamento de La Guajira, teniendo como tactica lo expuesto por Daft (2005), quien considera que la estrategia competitiva debe ser diferente, seleccionar una serie de actividades distinta a las que otros han seleccionado, para ofrecer una mezcla unica de valor. Los resultados de la investigacion apuntan a que las PYMES del departamento no tienen una estructura tecnologica y no han realizado un proceso que les permita el desarrollo y comercializacion con exito de nuevos o mejorados productos. Tampoco se evidencia que estas empresas piensen las estrategias desde su filosofia institucional poniendo en practica el pensamiento estrategico.English Abstract: The present study aims to design strategies that allow SMEs to watch from one strategic thinking technological innovation, in order to meet the financial core objective to grow and be competitive in the market. The article illustrates how SMEs can get enterprise development from a planned technological innovation from its institutional philosophy, it imposes a challenge for these companies, the establishment of an action plan and building articulated development scenarios involve and benefit all stakeholders generating competitive advantages. The study was conducted using a survey of 95 businesses in La Guajira department, having as strategy exposed by Daft (2005) who finds that competitive strategy is about being different, select a number of different activities that other been selected to offer a unique mix of value. The research results suggest that SMEs do not have a department that demonstrates technological structure that have made a process for the development and successful commercialization of new or improved products, either that these companies think the strategies from its institutional philosophy, putting into practice the strategic thinking.
{"title":"El Pensamiento Estratégico Como Herramienta De Innovación Tecnológica En Las Pymes (Strategic Thinking as a Tool for Technological Innovation in SMEs)","authors":"D. Mendoza, Yolmis Nicolás Rojano Alvarado, Edwin Alberto Salas Solano","doi":"10.18601/01233734.N27.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18601/01233734.N27.04","url":null,"abstract":"Spanish Abstract: El presente estudio tiene como objetivo disenar estrategias que permitan a las pymes ver, desde el pensamiento estrategico, una innovacion tecnologica, con la finalidad de cumplir con el objetivo basico financiero de crecer y ser competitivas en el mercado. El proyecto ilustra la forma como las pymes pueden obtener un desarrollo empresarial a partir de una innovacion tecnologica planeada desde su filosofia institucional. El mismo impone como desafio para estas empresas el establecimiento de un plan de accion articulado y la construccion de escenarios de desarrollo que involucren y beneficien a todos los actores, generandoles ventajas competitivas. El estudio se realizo encuestando 95 empresas del departamento de La Guajira, teniendo como tactica lo expuesto por Daft (2005), quien considera que la estrategia competitiva debe ser diferente, seleccionar una serie de actividades distinta a las que otros han seleccionado, para ofrecer una mezcla unica de valor. Los resultados de la investigacion apuntan a que las PYMES del departamento no tienen una estructura tecnologica y no han realizado un proceso que les permita el desarrollo y comercializacion con exito de nuevos o mejorados productos. Tampoco se evidencia que estas empresas piensen las estrategias desde su filosofia institucional poniendo en practica el pensamiento estrategico.English Abstract: The present study aims to design strategies that allow SMEs to watch from one strategic thinking technological innovation, in order to meet the financial core objective to grow and be competitive in the market. The article illustrates how SMEs can get enterprise development from a planned technological innovation from its institutional philosophy, it imposes a challenge for these companies, the establishment of an action plan and building articulated development scenarios involve and benefit all stakeholders generating competitive advantages. The study was conducted using a survey of 95 businesses in La Guajira department, having as strategy exposed by Daft (2005) who finds that competitive strategy is about being different, select a number of different activities that other been selected to offer a unique mix of value. The research results suggest that SMEs do not have a department that demonstrates technological structure that have made a process for the development and successful commercialization of new or improved products, either that these companies think the strategies from its institutional philosophy, putting into practice the strategic thinking.","PeriodicalId":251127,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Other Management of Innovation (Topic)","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125480080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work proposes a task-based methodology for the measurement of employment and investment in organisational capital (OC) in 20 OECD countries. It builds on the methodology of Squicciarini and Le Mouel (2012) and uses information from the OECD Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC). OC is defined as firm-specific organisational knowledge resulting from the performance of tasks affecting the long-term functioning of firms, such as developing objectives and strategies; organising, planning and supervising production; and managing human resources. Cross-country heterogeneity in OC-related occupations emerges: while 20 occupational classes of the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO 2008) are on average identified as being OC-related, country-specific values range between 14 (in Korea) and 24 occupations (in Poland). A core group of managerial occupations are consistently identified as OC occupations across countries, whereas differences arise in the selection of professionals and associate professionals in science and engineering, health, education, and business administration. Estimates suggest the share of OC occupations in total employment to amount to 16% on average, with country-specific values that vary between 9.5% (Denmark) and 26% (United Kingdom); and that total investment in OC, as a share of value-added, ranges from 1.4% in the Czech Republic to 3.7% in the United Kingdom, with an average 2.2% across all countries. Managers appear to account for less than half of total employment and investment in OC. Total investment in OC results higher in services than in manufacturing. In the services sector, on average half of investment in OC comes from small firms, while in manufacturing, 45% of investment in OC comes from large firms. Finally, the importance of OC investment in the public sector is investigated. With only few exceptions, investment in OC is higher in the public sector than in the private sector. These estimates of OC investment can be used to analyse its role with respect to skill use and mismatch, its impact on the routinisation of tasks and resulting polarisation of wage distribution, and its role in firms' integration and upgrading along global value chains (GVC).
{"title":"Cross-Country Estimates of Employment and Investment in Organisational Capital: A Task-Based Methodology Using the PIAAC Database","authors":"Marie Le Mouel, Mariagrazia Squicciarini","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2695311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2695311","url":null,"abstract":"This work proposes a task-based methodology for the measurement of employment and investment in organisational capital (OC) in 20 OECD countries. It builds on the methodology of Squicciarini and Le Mouel (2012) and uses information from the OECD Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC). OC is defined as firm-specific organisational knowledge resulting from the performance of tasks affecting the long-term functioning of firms, such as developing objectives and strategies; organising, planning and supervising production; and managing human resources. Cross-country heterogeneity in OC-related occupations emerges: while 20 occupational classes of the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO 2008) are on average identified as being OC-related, country-specific values range between 14 (in Korea) and 24 occupations (in Poland). A core group of managerial occupations are consistently identified as OC occupations across countries, whereas differences arise in the selection of professionals and associate professionals in science and engineering, health, education, and business administration. Estimates suggest the share of OC occupations in total employment to amount to 16% on average, with country-specific values that vary between 9.5% (Denmark) and 26% (United Kingdom); and that total investment in OC, as a share of value-added, ranges from 1.4% in the Czech Republic to 3.7% in the United Kingdom, with an average 2.2% across all countries. Managers appear to account for less than half of total employment and investment in OC. Total investment in OC results higher in services than in manufacturing. In the services sector, on average half of investment in OC comes from small firms, while in manufacturing, 45% of investment in OC comes from large firms. Finally, the importance of OC investment in the public sector is investigated. With only few exceptions, investment in OC is higher in the public sector than in the private sector. These estimates of OC investment can be used to analyse its role with respect to skill use and mismatch, its impact on the routinisation of tasks and resulting polarisation of wage distribution, and its role in firms' integration and upgrading along global value chains (GVC).","PeriodicalId":251127,"journal":{"name":"IRPN: Other Management of Innovation (Topic)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121153368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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