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Proceedings of 2012 9th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences & Technology (IBCAST)最新文献

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Effect of large amplitude pitch-up motions on un-commanded roll behavior of low swept wings-slender body model 大振幅俯仰运动对低后掠翼细长体模型非命令滚转行为的影响
T. A. Khan, Xue-ying Deng
Desire for super maneuverability and agility for modern air vehicles has resulted in high angles of attack flights. Different dynamic instability phenomenon may arise at high angles of attack. Wing rock, which is self excited limit cycle oscillations in roll mainly, is amongst one of these. Experiments have been carried out at sub-critical Reynolds number to investigate un-commanded free-to-roll (FTR) motions induced by forebody complex flow on a 30° swept back non-slender wings-slender body-model. Experimental investigations of FTR motions are firstly conducted for static angles of attack (0° to 90°) to understand the basic flow and aerodynamics mechanisms followed by the effects of large amplitude pitch-up motions at variable rates on these un-commanded roll motions. It has been observed that asymmetric forebody vortices (AFV) dominate and control the roll motion of the model for angles of attack >; 26°. For the dynamic (pitch-up) case it has been observed that roll amplitude decreases and lag increases with increase in pitch-up rate. Increase in windward and leeward surface pressures with increase in pitch-up rate is observed. This increase in surface pressures is asymmetric on the wings leeward side in AFV region, angle of attack >; 26°. Decrease in roll amplitude, increase in damping or restoring moment provided by the lower surface and increase in normal force and side force coefficients are attributed to these changes in the surface pressures due to the pitch-up effect. Roll behavior for non-dimensional pitch-up rate ≥ 1×10-2 is characterized by sinusoidal type curve, absence of roll divergence and no significant roll contribution from the wings flow.
现代飞行器对超级机动性和敏捷性的渴望导致了高攻角飞行。在大迎角下会出现不同的动力失稳现象。翼岩就是其中之一,它主要是自激极限环振荡。在30°后掠非细长翼-细长体模型上,在亚临界雷诺数下进行了前体复合流动诱导的非命令自由滚转(FTR)运动实验。首先对静攻角(0°至90°)进行FTR运动的实验研究,以了解基本的流动和空气动力学机制,然后以可变速率进行大幅度俯仰运动对这些非命令滚转运动的影响。研究发现,在迎角>时,非对称前体涡(AFV)主导并控制模型的横摇运动;26°。在动态(俯仰)情况下,随着俯仰速率的增加,横摇振幅减小,滞后增大。观察到迎风面和背风面压力随俯仰上升速率的增加而增加。在AFV区域,机翼下风侧表面压力的增加是不对称的,迎角>;26°。由于俯仰效应引起的表面压力变化导致了侧倾幅度的减小、下表面提供的阻尼或恢复力矩的增加以及法向力和侧力系数的增加。无量纲俯仰速率≥1×10-2时的滚转行为表现为正弦曲线,无滚转散度,翼流对滚转无显著贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Cascaded face recognition system via sparse representation 基于稀疏表示的级联人脸识别系统
A. Baig, R. Nawaz
Facial recognition is considered by many to be one of the key areas in the field of biometrics. It has a few very significant advantages over other modalities including universal acceptability and covert acqusition. On the flip side, it provides some very unique challenges in terms of pose and expression variation etc. These challenges make it difficult to develop a real time facial recognition system that provides a very high accuracy rate. Nontheless a few attempts have been made by researchers to provide a robust real time facial recognition system. Probably, the best and most recent attempt is to represent the whole system via sparse representation. In this paper we extend this work by utilizing the cascaded classifier based approach. The results show that the proposed approach provides improved accuracy while still performing in real time.
人脸识别被许多人认为是生物识别领域的关键领域之一。与其他方式相比,它有一些非常显著的优势,包括普遍可接受性和隐蔽获取。另一方面,它在姿势和表情变化等方面提供了一些非常独特的挑战。这些挑战使得开发一个提供非常高准确率的实时面部识别系统变得困难。尽管如此,研究人员还是做了一些尝试来提供一个强大的实时面部识别系统。也许,最好和最新的尝试是通过稀疏表示来表示整个系统。在本文中,我们利用基于级联分类器的方法扩展了这项工作。结果表明,该方法在保持实时性的同时,提高了精度。
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引用次数: 2
ISAR imaging of rotating targets using Matrix Pencil back-Projection method 基于矩阵铅笔反投影法的旋转目标ISAR成像
S. Qadir, Yangyu Fan, Wang Bao-ping, M. Shabbir, F. Arneeb
This article mulls over the implementation of Matrix Pencil back Projection (MPBP) algorithm on Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) data of uniformly rotating targets. The method is recently proposed by Sahin Ozsoy et al. for Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). In this paper, the method is implemented with FIR pre-filtering instead of using approximate prolate spheroidal wave functions given in the original method. Moreover, the article emphasizes on the comparison between the standard Convolution Back projection Method (CBP) and MPBP methods in terms of; 1) reconstructed image quality when a small set of data is used; 2) noise performance for additive zero-mean white Gaussian noise. MPBP and CBP are applied both on the simulated and the experimental ISAR data. The ku-band experimental ISAR data is acquired for the targets (spheres and corner reflectors) arranged in different geometries in a Far-Field Compact Range Anechoic chamber at AERO, Pakistan.
本文研究了矩阵铅笔反投影(MPBP)算法在均匀旋转目标逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)数据上的实现。该方法最近由Sahin Ozsoy等人提出,用于合成孔径雷达(SAR)。本文用FIR预滤波代替原方法中给出的近似长球面波函数来实现该方法。此外,本文还重点比较了标准卷积反投影法(CBP)和MPBP方法在以下方面的优缺点;1)使用小数据集时的重构图像质量;2)加性零均值高斯白噪声的噪声性能。将MPBP和CBP分别应用于模拟和实验ISAR数据。在巴基斯坦AERO的远场紧凑距离消声室中,对不同几何形状的目标(球体和角反射器)进行了ku波段实验ISAR数据采集。
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引用次数: 4
Probability density function computations of a strongly swirling flame 强旋转火焰的概率密度函数计算
M. Usman, S. Malik, M. Rafique
The present work is about the investigation of non-premixed combustion when primary air is introduced with swirl. CFD modeling of combustion of methane is accomplished using a Navier-Stoke solver. For turbulence modeling, k-epsilon realizable model is used. Axial and tangential velocities of air and combustion products are calculated at different axial locations to compare with experimental results. The comparison showed a good agreement with experimental data. [1]. Moreover variation of flame length is also studied at different geometrical swirl numbers for primary air introduced. Swirl number is varied by varying tangential velocity of primary air introduced through the annulus region. It was observed that flame length is reduced gradually by increasing the swirl number and improves stability of flame.
本文主要研究了带旋流引入一次风时的非预混燃烧。利用Navier-Stoke求解器实现了甲烷燃烧过程的CFD模拟。湍流模型采用k-epsilon可实现模型。计算了不同轴向位置空气和燃烧产物的轴向速度和切向速度,并与实验结果进行了比较。计算结果与实验数据吻合较好。[1]。此外,还研究了不同几何旋流数对一次风火焰长度的影响。旋流数随通过环空区引入的一次气流切向速度的变化而变化。结果表明,随着旋流数的增加,火焰长度逐渐减小,火焰的稳定性得到提高。
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引用次数: 1
Numerical study of conjugate heat transfer within a bottom heated cylindrical enclosure 底部受热圆柱壳体内共轭传热的数值研究
A. Malik, M. Alvi, S. Khushnood, F. Mahfouz, M. Ghauri, A. Shah
The conjugate heat transfer within a bottom-heated non-conventional cylindrical enclosure is important with respect to the processes in chemical and nuclear industries. In this research work numerical analysis of the enclosure with respect to the centrifuge machines used in the process industry is presented. Various CFD simulations of the experimental work of [1] are performed to study the effects of materials of the disc and inner cylinder and geometries of outer cylinder on the enclosure. Generally, a uniform temperature is required in such enclosures. A more uniform temperature is observed in the enclosure by using aluminum inner cylinder at a temperature of 433K of the bottom disc and using two different diameter outer cylinders as compared to the mild steel and stainless steel.
在化工和核工业过程中,底部加热的非常规圆柱形外壳内的共轭传热是重要的。本文对加工工业用离心机的外壳进行了数值分析。对[1]的实验工作进行了各种CFD模拟,研究了圆盘和内筒的材料以及外筒的几何形状对外壳的影响。通常,在这样的外壳中需要均匀的温度。与低碳钢和不锈钢相比,在底部圆盘433K的温度下使用铝内筒和使用两个不同直径的外筒,可以观察到外壳内温度更均匀。
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引用次数: 1
High performance compact microwave filters for space applications 用于空间应用的高性能紧凑型微波滤波器
J. Zaidi, U. Naeem, M. A. Shah
A dual mode dielectric resonator filter is designed, simulated and fabricated for a satellite telecommand receiver where high performance (low loss, high Q and narrow bandwidth filters) is required. Besides this, compact size and light weight is also a requirement. By using dual mode resonators the number of physical cavities is reduced by half and hence the size and mass is reduced. Full wave EM simulations and measurements of the designed filter are performed. Simulated and measured results of the proposed filter show good correlation.
设计、模拟和制作了一种双模介质谐振器滤波器,用于要求高性能(低损耗、高Q和窄带宽滤波器)的卫星遥控接收机。除此之外,体积小,重量轻也是一个要求。通过使用双模谐振器,物理腔的数量减少了一半,从而减小了尺寸和质量。对所设计的滤波器进行了全波电磁仿真和测量。该滤波器的仿真结果与实测结果具有良好的相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Design & development of a 32 elements X-band Phased Array antenna for airborne & Space borne SAR payloads 设计和开发用于机载和空载SAR有效载荷的32元x波段相控阵天线
A. S. Shafaat Ali, M. Raza, M. A. Shah
Air Borne & Space Borne SAR Payloads are used now a days in variety of missions for different applications. Onboard SAR payload consists of a digital signal processing & data storage unit, a transceiver and an antenna unit. Onboard antenna is a vital unit of a communication system and design of antenna becomes much more critical and complex once electronic beam steering is an essential requirement. Usually for SAR applications, electronically steerable high gain antennas are required to support different operating modes. In this paper, design of 32 elements X-band Phased Array is discussed along with its simulation and measurement results. Design antenna is based on microstrip technology and orientation of feeding mechanism to a certain group of elements is such that it provides circular polarization both across range/azimuth. Electronically steering is possible by changing the phase at the inputs of the antenna ports and different possible steering scenarios are discussed in this paper. An advanced EM simulation software is being used for design and simulation purpose. Simulated results provide a gain of approximately 20 dB with a VSWR <; 2 at desired frequency range in the band. Axial ratio of <; 3 is targeted and achieved in the desired frequency range.
机载和空间机载SAR有效载荷现在用于各种任务的不同应用。机载SAR有效载荷包括一个数字信号处理和数据存储单元,一个收发器和一个天线单元。星载天线是通信系统的重要组成部分,电子波束控制成为星载天线设计的关键和复杂问题。通常在SAR应用中,需要电子操纵的高增益天线来支持不同的工作模式。本文讨论了32元x波段相控阵的设计及其仿真和测量结果。天线的设计是基于微带技术的,馈电机构对某一组元件的取向是这样的,它在距离/方位角上都提供圆极化。通过改变天线端口输入端的相位,可以实现电子转向,并讨论了不同可能的转向方案。采用先进的电磁仿真软件进行设计和仿真。仿真结果显示增益约为20 dB,驻波比<;2在所需的频率范围内的频带。轴比<;3是有针对性的,并在期望的频率范围内实现。
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引用次数: 6
Spherical embedded antenna for conformal applications 用于共形应用的球形嵌入式天线
A. Mueed, Jiadong Xu, Y. Shangbin
Use of planar antenna for conformal applications is of great engineering utilization; however antenna embedding into conformal shapes needs careful analysis. The cavity-backed proximity coupled microstrip patch antenna for spherical conformal application is analyzed. Dielectric and metallic material is used for the sphere. Coax fed antenna is used for embedding for conformal application. A dielectric cover is placed on top of the surface of the antenna to shield the patch and make the spherical surface continuous. Two types of spherical cuts are used with radii of 2λ and 5λ and thickness of 0.508 mm and 7 mm. Simulation results including vswr, radiation pattern and gain are provided. The parametric study including the effect of material, thickness, radius and dielectric cover is also discussed for the design. The results indicate that the bandwidth of coax fed antenna exceeds 30% at X- band and the impedance of the antenna is not sensitive to the spherical radius, however the radiation pattern is affected for different thickness and extent of cut of sphere. The radiation pattern is more stable in case of dielectric sphere with reduced thickness as compared to the metallic sphere with increased thickness, irrespective of extent of sphere cut. The dielectric sphere with increased thickness and metallic sphere with reduced thickness deteriorate the radiation pattern by introducing higher back and side lobes. The effect of dielectric cover is to shift the frequency band towards lower frequencies. Higher gain is observed for metallic spheres. Such an embedded antenna has the potential to be easily used for platform mounted applications like UAV, Missile or satellites.
在保形应用中使用平面天线具有很大的工程应用价值;然而,天线嵌入保形形状需要仔细分析。分析了用于球面保形应用的腔背接近耦合微带贴片天线。电介质和金属材料用于球体。同轴馈电天线用于共形应用的嵌入。在天线表面的顶部放置一个介电罩,以屏蔽贴片并使球面连续。使用两种类型的球面切割,半径为2λ和5λ,厚度为0.508 mm和7mm。仿真结果包括驻波比、辐射方向图和增益。对材料、厚度、半径、介质覆盖等参数的影响进行了研究。结果表明:同轴馈电天线在X波段的带宽超过30%,天线的阻抗对球面半径不敏感,但不同的球面厚度和切割程度会影响天线的辐射方向图。与厚度增加的金属球相比,厚度减小的电介质球的辐射图更稳定,而与球切割的程度无关。厚度增大的电介质球和厚度减小的金属球通过引入较高的后叶和侧叶而使辐射方向图恶化。介质覆盖的作用是使频带向低频偏移。金属球的增益较高。这种嵌入式天线有可能很容易用于平台安装的应用,如无人机、导弹或卫星。
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引用次数: 5
Stochastic geometry of thinned nodes in ad hoc networks 自组织网络中稀疏节点的随机几何
A. Ali, A. Hasan
In the absence of multi-user detection techniques in ad hoc networks, interference management is done through MAC scheduling by creating suitable exclusion zones around active receivers. Applying MAC mechanisms alters the spatial distribution Φi of parent contending nodes to thinned daughter distribution Φs. The knowledge of post-MAC geometrical distribution of nodes is important for efficient MAC implementation. The paper provides a thinning model to capture the MAC implementation in ad hoc networks and investigates the stochastic geometry of thinned nodes. It is shown that the thinning process results in different spatial distributions that is sensitive to the robustness of the physical layer.
在ad hoc网络缺乏多用户检测技术的情况下,干扰管理是通过MAC调度通过在主动接收器周围创建合适的隔离区来完成的。应用MAC机制将父竞争节点的空间分布Φi改变为精简的子分布Φs。了解节点的后MAC几何分布对于有效地实现MAC是非常重要的。本文提供了一个细化模型来捕捉自组织网络中的MAC实现,并研究了细化节点的随机几何形状。结果表明,变薄过程导致不同的空间分布,对物理层的鲁棒性敏感。
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引用次数: 3
Cooperative communication in 3-UAVs: Performance analysis with BICM transmission 3-无人机协同通信:BICM传输的性能分析
S. M. Shah, R. Samar
In this paper, the idea of Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation has been applied to cooperative transmission among three UAVs which exchange important mission data for cooperative control. Both decode and Forward as well as Amplify and forward transmissions are considered and the results are also compared with direct transmission when the UAVs share information without sharing. The positional configurations include V-shaped flight, line and random. The channel model has been extended to general case, where the communicating terminals can have multiple antennas and there are multiple relays. Assuming perfect channel state information, it has been observed that amplify and forward outperform direct and decode and forward transmission in most scenarios.
本文将比特交织编码调制的思想应用于三架无人机之间的协同传输,通过交换重要任务数据进行协同控制。考虑了解码和转发、放大和转发两种传输方式,并将结果与无人机共享信息时的直接传输进行了比较。位置配置包括v型飞行、直线和随机。将信道模型推广到通信终端可以有多个天线和多个中继的一般情况。假设完美的信道状态信息,在大多数情况下,放大和转发优于直接和解码和转发传输。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Proceedings of 2012 9th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences & Technology (IBCAST)
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