Pub Date : 2012-04-03DOI: 10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177545
J. Iqbal, F. Ahmed, M. Ishaque, Muhammad Hassan Nasir
A paradigm of novel-networking is presented by the Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) when compared to Terrestrial Wireless Sensor Networks. Its not straightforward, instead, basic challenges need to be addressed for the deployment of UWSNs due to the environment type found underwater. UWSNs have to depend on other physical means such as acoustic signals for the transmission as the electromagnetic waves cannot be transmitted over a long distance in underwater environment. Large latency and low bandwidth are the key features of underwater wireless link as compared to the wireless link among ground-based sensors. The nature of transmission medium and physical properties of the environment of underwater acoustic channels are temporally and spatially variable. High variations occurring in underwater acoustic channels result in high uncertainties to precisely model the signal attenuation which is dependent on transmission link length and frequency. This paper has been intended to address such type of uncertainties and closely examine even minor variations occurring in signal attenuation in cases of spherical and cylindrical spreading. These variations have been addressed by using a mathematical modeling technique as `Gradient Estimation Vector'. It is the technique for systematically changing parameters in a model to determine the effects of such changes. Gradient Estimation Vectors actually characterize the signal attenuation more precisely along with the variations and uncertainties involved.
{"title":"Gradient Estimation Vector Modeling of signal attenuation in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks","authors":"J. Iqbal, F. Ahmed, M. Ishaque, Muhammad Hassan Nasir","doi":"10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177545","url":null,"abstract":"A paradigm of novel-networking is presented by the Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) when compared to Terrestrial Wireless Sensor Networks. Its not straightforward, instead, basic challenges need to be addressed for the deployment of UWSNs due to the environment type found underwater. UWSNs have to depend on other physical means such as acoustic signals for the transmission as the electromagnetic waves cannot be transmitted over a long distance in underwater environment. Large latency and low bandwidth are the key features of underwater wireless link as compared to the wireless link among ground-based sensors. The nature of transmission medium and physical properties of the environment of underwater acoustic channels are temporally and spatially variable. High variations occurring in underwater acoustic channels result in high uncertainties to precisely model the signal attenuation which is dependent on transmission link length and frequency. This paper has been intended to address such type of uncertainties and closely examine even minor variations occurring in signal attenuation in cases of spherical and cylindrical spreading. These variations have been addressed by using a mathematical modeling technique as `Gradient Estimation Vector'. It is the technique for systematically changing parameters in a model to determine the effects of such changes. Gradient Estimation Vectors actually characterize the signal attenuation more precisely along with the variations and uncertainties involved.","PeriodicalId":251584,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 2012 9th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences & Technology (IBCAST)","volume":"182 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133215749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-03DOI: 10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177539
Farah Sarwar, A. A. Bhatti
Shortest path routing and its computation is a crucial point in computer networks, and has significant impact on overall network's performance. Being an issue of salient importance, many algorithms were proposed for shortest path computation and are still under research for more enhancements. Hopfield proposed a neural network based architecture for such optimization problems. Mehmet and Park Keum suggested improved energy functions for this neural network to implement it for routing in computer networks. A* search algorithm is a heuristic based approach, with the properties of Dijikstra algorithm and is used for same purpose. Performances of both approaches are compared and results are analyzed.
{"title":"Critical analysis of hopfield's neural network model and heuristic algorithm for shortest path computation for routing in computer networks","authors":"Farah Sarwar, A. A. Bhatti","doi":"10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177539","url":null,"abstract":"Shortest path routing and its computation is a crucial point in computer networks, and has significant impact on overall network's performance. Being an issue of salient importance, many algorithms were proposed for shortest path computation and are still under research for more enhancements. Hopfield proposed a neural network based architecture for such optimization problems. Mehmet and Park Keum suggested improved energy functions for this neural network to implement it for routing in computer networks. A* search algorithm is a heuristic based approach, with the properties of Dijikstra algorithm and is used for same purpose. Performances of both approaches are compared and results are analyzed.","PeriodicalId":251584,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 2012 9th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences & Technology (IBCAST)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129476825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-03DOI: 10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177543
W. Ahmed, M. Arif, N. Noorullah
The combustion instabilities in solid rocket motor (SRM) are abiding predicament since their inception seven decades ago. The availability of large amount of energy in SRM combustion in comparison to small amount required to generate the combustion instabilities ensue the likely occurrence of the problem. This entails the SRM combustion instability prediction. This paper deals with the prediction of acoustic longitudinal mode linear combustion instabilities in 3D grain SRM. The stability history of SRM is predicted during motor burn time. This necessitates the performance (pressure/thrust) analysis. The FEA based solver is employed for the acoustic analysis of the grain port cavity as the grain burns. This is followed by determination of propellant response function. The computer code developed using approximate stability analysis results based on spatial and temporal averaging of the equations of two phase flow is used to predict the stability history. The results are presented and discussed for various longitudinal acoustic modes of SRM. The study evinces the decrease in stability margin with time and increase with mode number.
{"title":"Acoustic longitudinal mode linear combustion instabilities in 3D solid fuel grain","authors":"W. Ahmed, M. Arif, N. Noorullah","doi":"10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177543","url":null,"abstract":"The combustion instabilities in solid rocket motor (SRM) are abiding predicament since their inception seven decades ago. The availability of large amount of energy in SRM combustion in comparison to small amount required to generate the combustion instabilities ensue the likely occurrence of the problem. This entails the SRM combustion instability prediction. This paper deals with the prediction of acoustic longitudinal mode linear combustion instabilities in 3D grain SRM. The stability history of SRM is predicted during motor burn time. This necessitates the performance (pressure/thrust) analysis. The FEA based solver is employed for the acoustic analysis of the grain port cavity as the grain burns. This is followed by determination of propellant response function. The computer code developed using approximate stability analysis results based on spatial and temporal averaging of the equations of two phase flow is used to predict the stability history. The results are presented and discussed for various longitudinal acoustic modes of SRM. The study evinces the decrease in stability margin with time and increase with mode number.","PeriodicalId":251584,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 2012 9th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences & Technology (IBCAST)","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121431020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-03DOI: 10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177549
M. Husain, S. Jamshed, Nauman M. Qureshi
The viscous dissipation within boundary layers of high speed vehicle creates high skin temperatures. Designing of an appropriate thermal protection system requires computation of thermal loads which would be experienced by vehicle during its flight trajectory. The objective of the present work is to develop a methodology for transient aerothermal analysis of high speed vehicle. The most appropriate method for predicting aerodynamic heating is computational fluid dynamics solution (CFD). Solid-Fluid coupling and transient boundary condition capabilities of CFD software FLUENT are used to develop required methodology. The available X-15 flight data is used for its validation. Temperature transients are calculated for complete flight trajectory of X-15 at wing mid-span chord location and compared with available flight data at stagnation, 4%, 20%, and 46% chord locations. The results obtained for skin temperatures at different locations are found both qualitatively and quantitatively in good agreement with in-flight data. This validates the methodology utilized in modeling the transient aero-thermal analysis of high speed vehicles. This method could be very useful in predicting the aerodynamic heating loads of high speed vehicles.
{"title":"Transient aero-thermal analysis of high speed vehicles using CFD","authors":"M. Husain, S. Jamshed, Nauman M. Qureshi","doi":"10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177549","url":null,"abstract":"The viscous dissipation within boundary layers of high speed vehicle creates high skin temperatures. Designing of an appropriate thermal protection system requires computation of thermal loads which would be experienced by vehicle during its flight trajectory. The objective of the present work is to develop a methodology for transient aerothermal analysis of high speed vehicle. The most appropriate method for predicting aerodynamic heating is computational fluid dynamics solution (CFD). Solid-Fluid coupling and transient boundary condition capabilities of CFD software FLUENT are used to develop required methodology. The available X-15 flight data is used for its validation. Temperature transients are calculated for complete flight trajectory of X-15 at wing mid-span chord location and compared with available flight data at stagnation, 4%, 20%, and 46% chord locations. The results obtained for skin temperatures at different locations are found both qualitatively and quantitatively in good agreement with in-flight data. This validates the methodology utilized in modeling the transient aero-thermal analysis of high speed vehicles. This method could be very useful in predicting the aerodynamic heating loads of high speed vehicles.","PeriodicalId":251584,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 2012 9th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences & Technology (IBCAST)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130828537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-03DOI: 10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177541
Hira Naz, Umair Naeem, M.Fahad Farooqui, Musaddiq Ali Shah
The paper describes major thermal issues designers come across while designing high power solid state amplifiers for satellite applications. Various methods to minimize heat and temperature rise will be presented which consequently increases the efficiency of any high power amplifier. The choice of components, materials, layout and fixation techniques will also be highlighted in detail. Different design considerations for heat sinks and use of thermal conductors in designing of high power amplifiers will also be included in the presented work.
{"title":"Thermal considerations in high power microwave amplifiers design","authors":"Hira Naz, Umair Naeem, M.Fahad Farooqui, Musaddiq Ali Shah","doi":"10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177541","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes major thermal issues designers come across while designing high power solid state amplifiers for satellite applications. Various methods to minimize heat and temperature rise will be presented which consequently increases the efficiency of any high power amplifier. The choice of components, materials, layout and fixation techniques will also be highlighted in detail. Different design considerations for heat sinks and use of thermal conductors in designing of high power amplifiers will also be included in the presented work.","PeriodicalId":251584,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 2012 9th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences & Technology (IBCAST)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127236347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-03DOI: 10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177584
M. Yousaf, H. Zahid
Modern wireless communication transceiver applications often pose stringent out-of-band rejection requirements which necessitate steep and sharp narrow band rejection profile for microwave filters. The use of transmission zero inserted filters are very common to achieve such a response type. Microstrip filters are popular implementation option because of their compactness and low mass where Q-factor required is not so high. In this paper, a step by step methodology is presented for design and realization of a quadruplet filter with two finite real-frequency symmetric transmission zeros. The filter is realized in microstrip and results are presented.
{"title":"Synthesis and implementation of quadruplet filter with microstrip technology","authors":"M. Yousaf, H. Zahid","doi":"10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177584","url":null,"abstract":"Modern wireless communication transceiver applications often pose stringent out-of-band rejection requirements which necessitate steep and sharp narrow band rejection profile for microwave filters. The use of transmission zero inserted filters are very common to achieve such a response type. Microstrip filters are popular implementation option because of their compactness and low mass where Q-factor required is not so high. In this paper, a step by step methodology is presented for design and realization of a quadruplet filter with two finite real-frequency symmetric transmission zeros. The filter is realized in microstrip and results are presented.","PeriodicalId":251584,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 2012 9th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences & Technology (IBCAST)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127357541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-03DOI: 10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177544
M. A. A. Rehmani, E. Raza, H. I. Hussain
In underwater signal processing the most important factor in quantifying the signatures of the radiating object is to decipher the signals which are prevalent in the ambient noise. Ambient noise is a complex and important phenomenon which greatly affects the listening capacity of instruments such as sonar in underwater environment. The ambient noise in sea is the overall combination of wind speed, wave speed, wave height, barometric pressure, dew point, temperature, marine life, shipping traffic and seismic activities. The work presented in this paper focuses only on three of the above mentioned parameters, namely, the wind speed, the barometric pressure and the temperature; which affect and play an important role in the overall spectrum of ambient noise in shallow water. In order to analyze the same data gathered in Ormara harbor over the past ten years was studied. Variation of the ambient noise in shallow water is investigated with respect to the above mentioned parameters. Finally a model for the ambient noise is proposed which is trained using an artificial neural network. High prediction accuracies of around 96% are obtained in different ISO standard octave bands.
{"title":"Modeling of shallow water sea ambient noise using artificial neural network","authors":"M. A. A. Rehmani, E. Raza, H. I. Hussain","doi":"10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177544","url":null,"abstract":"In underwater signal processing the most important factor in quantifying the signatures of the radiating object is to decipher the signals which are prevalent in the ambient noise. Ambient noise is a complex and important phenomenon which greatly affects the listening capacity of instruments such as sonar in underwater environment. The ambient noise in sea is the overall combination of wind speed, wave speed, wave height, barometric pressure, dew point, temperature, marine life, shipping traffic and seismic activities. The work presented in this paper focuses only on three of the above mentioned parameters, namely, the wind speed, the barometric pressure and the temperature; which affect and play an important role in the overall spectrum of ambient noise in shallow water. In order to analyze the same data gathered in Ormara harbor over the past ten years was studied. Variation of the ambient noise in shallow water is investigated with respect to the above mentioned parameters. Finally a model for the ambient noise is proposed which is trained using an artificial neural network. High prediction accuracies of around 96% are obtained in different ISO standard octave bands.","PeriodicalId":251584,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 2012 9th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences & Technology (IBCAST)","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114439224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-03DOI: 10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177567
Guo Hongjie, Han Yongkui, L. Guozhu
The oxy-propane cutting is often used in many metal-manufacturing processes. The oxygen nozzle is the most important component. This paper presents the structure of oxy-propane cutting torch and influence factor of cutting properties. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation is employed to analyze the flow field property parameters. And cutting ability is estimated according to the discussion results.
{"title":"Performance estimate of oxygen nozzle of oxy-propane gas cutting torch","authors":"Guo Hongjie, Han Yongkui, L. Guozhu","doi":"10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177567","url":null,"abstract":"The oxy-propane cutting is often used in many metal-manufacturing processes. The oxygen nozzle is the most important component. This paper presents the structure of oxy-propane cutting torch and influence factor of cutting properties. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation is employed to analyze the flow field property parameters. And cutting ability is estimated according to the discussion results.","PeriodicalId":251584,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 2012 9th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences & Technology (IBCAST)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124222029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-03DOI: 10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177526
M. A. Chaudhry, A. Baig, R. Nawaz
Scene matching has become a challenging problem due to multi-temporal and multi-modal image acquisition. There is no direct and linear relation between EO (Electro-optical) and IR (Infra-red) images, which are required to be matched. In this paper, we propose a statistical technique of mapping EO to IR data by transformation function deduced from their gray level distribution. As the proposed technique is statistical and deals with multi-modal data, MI index (Mutual Information) and its variants are more appropriate similarity measures in this case. Therefore, we have used mutual information as a measure of statistical dependence between the two images. Results of MI shows that technique is effective in mapping visible to IR spectrum.
{"title":"Mapping of visible to IR data for scene matching","authors":"M. A. Chaudhry, A. Baig, R. Nawaz","doi":"10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177526","url":null,"abstract":"Scene matching has become a challenging problem due to multi-temporal and multi-modal image acquisition. There is no direct and linear relation between EO (Electro-optical) and IR (Infra-red) images, which are required to be matched. In this paper, we propose a statistical technique of mapping EO to IR data by transformation function deduced from their gray level distribution. As the proposed technique is statistical and deals with multi-modal data, MI index (Mutual Information) and its variants are more appropriate similarity measures in this case. Therefore, we have used mutual information as a measure of statistical dependence between the two images. Results of MI shows that technique is effective in mapping visible to IR spectrum.","PeriodicalId":251584,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 2012 9th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences & Technology (IBCAST)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115375159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-04-03DOI: 10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177528
Z. Mahmood, T. Ali, S. Khattak
In this work we developed an augmented reality sports broadcasting application for enhanced end-user experience. The proposed system consists of three major steps. In the first step each player is detected using AdaBoost Algorithm. In second step, same algorithm is used to detect face in each player image. In third step, a robust face recognition algorithm is applied to match face of each player with an online database of players face images which also stores statistics of each player. The application can be used to show the users the statistics of players captured in still image using camera or smart phone. Useful statistics can be name of the player, height, age, sports record etc in specific game. For player and subsequent face detection we use Haar-like features and AdaBoost algorithm for both feature selection and classification. The employed face recognition system uses AdaBoost algorithm with Liner Discriminant Analysis as a week learner for feature selection in LDA subspace while classification is performed using a classic nearest center classifier. Detailed experimental results are shown on general player face database as well as on real baseball game images containing different number of players at various poses and lighting conditions.
{"title":"Automatic player detection and recognition in images using AdaBoost","authors":"Z. Mahmood, T. Ali, S. Khattak","doi":"10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IBCAST.2012.6177528","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we developed an augmented reality sports broadcasting application for enhanced end-user experience. The proposed system consists of three major steps. In the first step each player is detected using AdaBoost Algorithm. In second step, same algorithm is used to detect face in each player image. In third step, a robust face recognition algorithm is applied to match face of each player with an online database of players face images which also stores statistics of each player. The application can be used to show the users the statistics of players captured in still image using camera or smart phone. Useful statistics can be name of the player, height, age, sports record etc in specific game. For player and subsequent face detection we use Haar-like features and AdaBoost algorithm for both feature selection and classification. The employed face recognition system uses AdaBoost algorithm with Liner Discriminant Analysis as a week learner for feature selection in LDA subspace while classification is performed using a classic nearest center classifier. Detailed experimental results are shown on general player face database as well as on real baseball game images containing different number of players at various poses and lighting conditions.","PeriodicalId":251584,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 2012 9th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences & Technology (IBCAST)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124988845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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