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2020 6th IEEE Congress on Information Science and Technology (CiSt)最新文献

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Analysis of non-coherent CFAR detectors in sea-clutter: A comparison 海杂波中非相干CFAR探测器的分析:比较
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/CiSt49399.2021.9357310
Zakia Terki, F. Chebbara, A. Mezache
In radar systems, detection performance is always related to target and clutter models. The probability of detection is shown to be sensitive to the degree of estimation accuracy of clutter levels. In this work, the performances of logt-CFAR, zlog(z)-CFAR and Bayesian-CFAR detectors are investigated using both simulated and real data. The clutter is assumed to be log-normal, Weibull or Pareto type II distributed. The dependence of the false alarm probability is presented. From simulated data, CFAR detectors provide fully CFAR decision rules. From IPIX real data with different range resolutions, it is shown that the Bayesian-CFAR algorithm exhibits a small deviation of the false alarm probability.
在雷达系统中,探测性能总是与目标和杂波模型有关。结果表明,检测概率对杂波电平估计精度的高低非常敏感。在本工作中,使用模拟和真实数据研究了log -CFAR, zlog(z)-CFAR和Bayesian-CFAR检测器的性能。杂波假定为对数正态分布,威布尔或帕累托II型分布。给出了虚警概率的依赖关系。根据模拟数据,CFAR检测器提供完整的CFAR决策规则。从不同距离分辨率的IPIX实际数据中可以看出,贝叶斯- cfar算法的虚警概率偏差较小。
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引用次数: 0
A new graph feature selection approach 一种新的图特征选择方法
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/CiSt49399.2021.9357067
Yassine Akhiat, Youssef Asnaoui, M. Chahhou, Ahmed Zinedine
Feature selection (FS) is a very important pre-processing technique in machine learning and data mining. It aims to select a small subset of relevant and informative features from the original feature space that may contain many irrelevant, redundant and noisy features. Feature selection usually leads to better performance, interpretability, and lower computational cost. In the literature, FS methods are categorized into three main approaches: Filters, Wrappers, and Embedded. In this paper we introduce a new feature selection method called graph feature selection (GFS). The main steps of GFS are the following: first, we create a weighted graph where each node corresponds to each feature and the weight between two nodes is computed using a matrix of individual and pairwise score of a Decision tree classifier. Second, at each iteration, we split the graph into two random partitions having the same number of nodes, then we keep moving the worst node from one partition to another until the global modularity is converged. Third, from the final best partition, we select the best ranked features according to a new proposed variable importance criterion. The results of GFS are compared to three well-known feature selection algorithms using nine benchmarking datasets. The proposed method shows its ability and effectiveness at identifying the most informative feature subset.
特征选择(FS)是机器学习和数据挖掘中非常重要的预处理技术。它旨在从可能包含许多不相关、冗余和噪声特征的原始特征空间中选择一小部分相关且信息丰富的特征。特征选择通常会带来更好的性能、可解释性和更低的计算成本。在文献中,FS方法被分为三种主要方法:过滤器、包装器和嵌入式。本文提出了一种新的特征选择方法——图特征选择(GFS)。GFS的主要步骤如下:首先,我们创建一个加权图,其中每个节点对应于每个特征,并且使用决策树分类器的单个和成对得分矩阵计算两个节点之间的权重。其次,在每次迭代中,我们将图分成具有相同节点数量的两个随机分区,然后将最差节点从一个分区移动到另一个分区,直到全局模块化收敛。第三,从最终的最佳划分中,根据新提出的变量重要度标准选择最佳排序特征。使用9个基准数据集,将GFS的结果与三种知名的特征选择算法进行了比较。该方法在识别信息量最大的特征子集方面表现出了良好的能力和有效性。
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引用次数: 7
A Middle-out Approach for Building a Legal domain ontology in Arabic 建立阿拉伯语法律领域本体的中间化方法
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/CiSt49399.2021.9357291
Kaoutar Belhoucine, M. Mourchid, A. Mouloudi, Samir Mbarki
Introducing ontology in information retrieval provides the obvious benefit of higher precision and addresses other common issues such as information quality and user adaptation. However, the main disadvantage is the costs (i.e., time and effort) of manually constructing an ontology and of its representativeness of the specified domain. This paper considers the ontology construction process and proposes a middle-out approach that allows the construction of a well-founded ontology speedily. The domain application that interests us is Moroccan commercial law. The ontology to be built aims to support users in describing a specific legal situation and retrieving the relevant legal articles and court decisions in similar cases. The proposed approach combines a top-down and bottom-up strategy. The first allows us to define an ontological model of the legal domain by reusing an existing core ontology, whereas the second populates and refines this model based on an ontology-learning process from Arabic texts.
在信息检索中引入本体可以提供更高的精度,并解决其他常见问题,如信息质量和用户适应性。然而,主要的缺点是人工构建本体的成本(即时间和精力)以及它在指定领域的代表性。本文考虑了本体的构建过程,提出了一种middle-out方法,可以快速构建一个基础良好的本体。我们感兴趣的域名应用是摩洛哥商法。构建的本体旨在支持用户描述特定的法律情况,检索类似案件中的相关法律条文和法院判决。所提出的方法结合了自顶向下和自底向上的策略。第一种方法允许我们通过重用现有的核心本体来定义法律领域的本体模型,而第二种方法基于来自阿拉伯文本的本体学习过程来填充和改进该模型。
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引用次数: 3
A design model for the development of non-traditional educational activities 非传统教育活动发展的设计模式
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/CiSt49399.2021.9357317
Imane Aboutajedyne, Mouna Squalli Houssaini, A. Aboutajeddine, Yassine Salih Alj, M. E. Mohajir
As a result of technological and societal change, an important demand for new job skills is growing, emphasizing the need to design new educational solutions beyond the school settings. This paper aims to propose a design model for the development of non-traditional educational activities. The proposed model leverages on the combined strengths of design-thinking approach and learning theories principles. To illustrate the application of the suggested design process, a case study of an educational activity that is designed for a non-profit organization is presented. This activity, conceived for kids of ages between 8 and 14, is developed based on insights from the considered local community and the learning outcomes of the intended job skills. Overall, this initiative can be considered as a novel model from which we can inspire innovative design of nonconventional learning activities.
由于技术和社会的变化,对新工作技能的重要需求正在增长,这强调了在学校环境之外设计新的教育解决方案的必要性。本文旨在提出一种非传统教育活动发展的设计模式。该模型充分利用了设计思维方法和学习理论原理的综合优势。为了说明建议的设计过程的应用,提出了一个为非营利组织设计的教育活动的案例研究。这项活动是为8到14岁的孩子设计的,是基于对当地社区的见解和预期工作技能的学习成果而开发的。总的来说,这一举措可以被认为是一种新的模式,从中我们可以启发非传统学习活动的创新设计。
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引用次数: 0
Machine Learning and Deep Learning applications in E-learning Systems: A Literature Survey using Topic Modeling Approach 机器学习和深度学习在电子学习系统中的应用:使用主题建模方法的文献综述
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/CiSt49399.2021.9357253
Chakir Fri, Rachid Elouahbi
E-learning has been one of the major trends in education and its becoming an attracting topic in the field of artificial intelligence and its subfields like machine learning and deep learning, that are considered the most promising technologies in our era where its application score is almost unlimited. Many researchers are showing interest in the topic with significant research results. The aim of this paper is to extract the applications of machine learning and deep learning in E-learning systems. In this work we collected research papers from five research databases: Springer Link, Science Direct, Scopus, IEEE Digital Library, and Web of Science for a topic modeling application using a machine learning technique known as Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA).
电子学习已经成为教育的主要趋势之一,在人工智能及其子领域,如机器学习和深度学习领域,它成为一个吸引人的话题,被认为是我们这个时代最有前途的技术,它的应用分数几乎是无限的。许多研究人员对这一主题表现出兴趣,并取得了重要的研究成果。本文的目的是提取机器学习和深度学习在电子学习系统中的应用。在这项工作中,我们从五个研究数据库中收集了研究论文:施普林格Link, Science Direct, Scopus, IEEE数字图书馆和Web of Science,用于使用被称为潜在狄利let分配(LDA)的机器学习技术的主题建模应用程序。
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引用次数: 1
Challenges for Students of Mechanical Engineering Using UML - Typical Questions and Faults 机械工程专业学生使用UML面临的挑战——典型问题和错误
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/CiSt49399.2021.9357186
B. Vogel‐Heuser, K. Land, Fandi Bi
The digitalization of teaching due to the Covid-19 pandemic offers new challenges, yet also new opportunities. To assist and encourage students in their self-study of the unified modeling language (UML), modeling tasks were provided; then student solutions were analyzed and discussed in web meetings. This way, earlier and more in-depth insights into typical faults in the students' modeling solutions could be achieved. Two groups of students were considered, and it was examined whether students make fewer or different faults in modeling depending on their maturity and pre-knowledge.
新冠肺炎疫情带来的教学数字化带来了新的挑战,也带来了新的机遇。为了帮助和鼓励学生自学统一建模语言(UML),提供了建模任务;然后在网络会议上分析和讨论学生的解决方案。这样,就可以更早、更深入地了解学生建模解决方案中的典型错误。考虑了两组学生,并根据他们的成熟度和预知识来检查学生在建模中是否犯了更少或不同的错误。
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引用次数: 1
Leveraging Subword Embeddings for Multinational Address Parsing 利用子词嵌入进行跨国地址解析
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/CiSt49399.2021.9357170
Marouane Yassine, David Beauchemin, François Laviolette, Luc Lamontagne
Address parsing consists of identifying the segments that make up an address such as a street name or a postal code. Because of its importance for tasks like record linkage, address parsing has been approached with many techniques. Neural network methods defined a new state-of-the-art for address parsing. While this approach yielded notable results, previous work has only focused on applying neural networks to achieve address parsing of addresses from one source country. We propose an approach in which we employ subword embeddings and a Recurrent Neural Network architecture to build a single model capable of learning to parse addresses from multiple countries at the same time while taking into account the difference in languages and address formatting systems. We achieved accuracies around 99% on the countries used for training with no pre-processing nor post-processing needed. We explore the possibility of transferring the address parsing knowledge obtained by training on some countries' addresses to others with no further training in a zero-shot transfer learning setting. We achieve good results for 80% of the countries (33 out of 41), almost 50% of which (20 out of 41) is near state-of-the-art performance. In addition, we propose an open-source Python implementation of our trained models11https://githuh.com/GRAAL-Research/deepparse.
地址解析包括识别组成地址的片段,如街道名称或邮政编码。由于地址解析在记录链接等任务中的重要性,人们采用了许多技术来处理地址解析。神经网络方法定义了一种新的地址解析技术。虽然这种方法产生了显著的结果,但以前的工作只关注于应用神经网络来实现来自一个来源国家的地址解析。我们提出了一种方法,我们使用子词嵌入和递归神经网络架构来构建一个能够同时学习解析来自多个国家的地址的单一模型,同时考虑到语言和地址格式系统的差异。在不需要预处理和后处理的情况下,我们对用于培训的国家的准确率达到了99%左右。我们探索了在零机会迁移学习环境下,将通过对某些国家的地址进行培训而获得的地址解析知识转移到其他国家的可能性。我们在80%的国家(41个国家中的33个)取得了良好的成绩,其中近50%的国家(41个国家中的20个)的表现接近最先进水平。此外,我们提出了一个开源的Python实现我们训练过的模型11https://githuh.com/GRAAL-Research/deepparse。
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引用次数: 9
CoviNet: Automated COVID-19 Detection from X-rays using Deep Learning Techniques CoviNet:利用深度学习技术从x射线中自动检测COVID-19
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/CiSt49399.2021.9357250
Samira Lafraxo, Mohamed El Ansari
The novel Coronavirus (COVID19) is an infectious epidemic declared in March 2020 as Pandemic. Because of its easy and rapid transmission, Coronavirus has caused thousands of deaths around the world. Thus, developing new systems for accurate and fast COVID19 detection is becoming crucial. X-ray imaging is used by radiology doctors for the diagnosis of coron-avirus. However, this process requires considerable time. Therefore, artificial intelligence systems can help in reducing pressure on health care systems. In this paper, we propose CoviNet a deep learning network to automatically detect COVID19 presence in chest X-ray images. The suggested architecture is based on an adaptive median filter, histogram equalization, and a convolutional neural network. It is trained end-to-end on a publicly available dataset. Our model achieved an accuracy of 98.62% for binary classification and 95.77% for multi-class classification. As the early diagnosis may limit the spread of the virus, this framework can be used to assist radiologists in the initial diagnosis of COVID19.
新型冠状病毒(covid - 19)是一种传染性流行病,于2020年3月宣布为大流行。由于其容易和快速传播,冠状病毒已在全球造成数千人死亡。因此,开发准确、快速检测covid - 19的新系统变得至关重要。x射线成像被放射科医生用于诊断冠状病毒。然而,这个过程需要相当长的时间。因此,人工智能系统可以帮助减轻卫生保健系统的压力。在本文中,我们提出了一个深度学习网络CoviNet来自动检测胸部x射线图像中是否存在covid - 19。建议的架构是基于自适应中值滤波器、直方图均衡化和卷积神经网络。它在一个公开可用的数据集上进行端到端训练。我们的模型在二元分类和多类分类上的准确率分别达到98.62%和95.77%。由于早期诊断可以限制病毒的传播,因此该框架可用于协助放射科医生对covid - 19进行初步诊断。
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引用次数: 13
Learners'Motivation Types in the Smart Instruction of English for Specific Purposes 专用英语智能教学中学习者的动机类型
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/CiSt49399.2021.9357235
I. Šimonová, Ludmila Faltýnková, K. Kostolányová
The paper introduces results of research in which potential increase in learner's knowledge is considered from the view of four motivation types (Accurators, Coordinators, Directors, Explorers) within the process of smart instruction applied at two topics (Career Development, Healthy Living) of the English for Specific Purposes course. The main research objective is to find out whether learners of all motivation types can succeed in this process. Totally, 119 students, prospective teachers from the Faculty of Education and Faculty of Science, participated in the research. The SAMR (Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, Redefinition) model was applied within the smart instruction using smart devices to approach electronic sources and smart methods towards acquiring the learning content. The smart instruction was conducted for 12 weeks (one semester). Two hypotheses were set, and the quasi-experiment and ex-post-facto method were applied. Data referring to learners' motivation types were collected through the standardized Motivation Type Inventory (MTI) by Plaminek. The increase in learners' knowledge was calculated as the difference between entrance and final didactic tests scores. The results did not show statistically significant difference between single motivation types in the topic of Career Development. However, in Healthy Living, the difference was discovered in the group of Coordinators compared to other three types.
本文介绍了从四种动机类型(准确者、协调者、指导者、探索者)的角度考虑学习者知识潜在增长的研究结果,这些动机类型应用于特殊用途英语课程的两个主题(职业发展、健康生活)的智能教学过程中。研究的主要目的是找出所有动机类型的学习者是否都能在这一过程中取得成功。共有119名来自教育学院和理学院的准教师参与了研究。在智能教学中应用SAMR(替代、增强、修改、重新定义)模型,使用智能设备接近电子源和智能方法获取学习内容。智能教学为期12周(1学期)。设置两个假设,采用准实验法和事后检验法。通过Plaminek的标准化动机类型量表(MTI)收集学习者的动机类型数据。学习者知识的增长是通过入学和期末教学考试成绩之间的差异来计算的。结果显示,在职业发展主题中,单一动机类型之间没有统计学上的显著差异。然而,在健康生活中,与其他三种类型相比,协调员组发现了差异。
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引用次数: 1
6th International Congress on Information Science and Technology 第六届国际信息科学与技术大会
Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/cist49399.2021.9357242
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2020 6th IEEE Congress on Information Science and Technology (CiSt)
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