Pub Date : 2023-03-14DOI: 10.3389/frsus.2023.1125954
Nutcha Taneepanichskul, H. Hailes, M. Miodownik
In the UK waste management systems biodegradable and compostable packaging are not automatically detected and separated. As a result, their fate is generally landfill or incineration, neither of which is an environmentally good outcome. Thus, effective sorting technologies for compostable plastics are needed to help improve composting rates of these materials and reduce the contamination of recycling waste streams. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) was applied in this study to develop classification models for automatically identifying and classifying compostable plastics with the analysis focused on the spectral region 950–1,730 nm. The experimental design includes a hyperspectral imaging camera, allowing different chemometric techniques to be applied including principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) to develop a classification model for the compostable materials plastics. Materials used in this experimental analysis included compostable materials (sugarcane-derived and palm leaf derived), compostable plastics (PLA, PBAT) and conventional plastics (PP, PET, and LDPE). Our strategy was to develop a classification model to identify and categorize various fragments over the size range of 50 x 50 mm to 5 x 5 mm. Results indicated that both PCA and PLS-DA achieved classification scores of 100% when the size of material was larger than 10 mm x 10 mm. However, the misclassification rate increased to 20% for sugarcane-derived and 40% for palm leaf-based materials at sizes of 10 x 10 mm or below. In addition, for sizes of 5 x 5 mm, the misclassification rate for LDPE and PBAT increased to 20%, and for sugarcane and palm-leaf based materials to 60 and 80% respectively while the misclassification rate for PLA, PP, and PET was still 0%. The system is capable of accurately sorting compostable plastics (compostable spoons, forks, coffee lids) and differentiating them from identical looking conventional plastic items with high accuracy.
在英国的废物管理系统中，可生物降解和可堆肥的包装不会被自动检测和分离。因此，它们的命运通常是填埋或焚烧，这两种方式对环境都不好。因此，需要有效的可堆肥塑料分类技术来帮助提高这些材料的堆肥率并减少回收废物流的污染。本研究利用高光谱成像技术(HSI)建立了可堆肥塑料自动识别和分类的分类模型，分析范围集中在950 ~ 1730 nm光谱区域。实验设计包括一个高光谱成像相机，允许应用不同的化学计量技术，包括主成分分析(PCA)和偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)，以开发可堆肥材料塑料的分类模型。本实验分析中使用的材料包括可堆肥材料(甘蔗衍生和棕榈叶衍生)，可堆肥塑料(PLA, PBAT)和常规塑料(PP, PET和LDPE)。我们的策略是开发一个分类模型，以识别和分类尺寸范围从50 x 50毫米到5 x 5毫米的各种碎片。结果表明，当材料尺寸大于10 mm × 10 mm时，PCA和PLS-DA的分类分数均达到100%。然而，在尺寸为10 × 10毫米或以下的甘蔗基材料中，错误分类率增加到20%，棕榈叶基材料增加到40%。此外，对于尺寸为5 × 5 mm的材料，LDPE和PBAT的误分类率增加到20%，甘蔗和棕榈叶基材料的误分类率分别增加到60%和80%，而PLA、PP和PET的误分类率仍然为0%。该系统能够准确地分类可堆肥塑料(可堆肥的勺子、叉子、咖啡盖)，并以高精度将它们与外观相同的传统塑料物品区分开来。
{"title":"Automatic identification and classification of compostable and biodegradable plastics using hyperspectral imaging","authors":"Nutcha Taneepanichskul, H. Hailes, M. Miodownik","doi":"10.3389/frsus.2023.1125954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frsus.2023.1125954","url":null,"abstract":"In the UK waste management systems biodegradable and compostable packaging are not automatically detected and separated. As a result, their fate is generally landfill or incineration, neither of which is an environmentally good outcome. Thus, effective sorting technologies for compostable plastics are needed to help improve composting rates of these materials and reduce the contamination of recycling waste streams. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) was applied in this study to develop classification models for automatically identifying and classifying compostable plastics with the analysis focused on the spectral region 950–1,730 nm. The experimental design includes a hyperspectral imaging camera, allowing different chemometric techniques to be applied including principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) to develop a classification model for the compostable materials plastics. Materials used in this experimental analysis included compostable materials (sugarcane-derived and palm leaf derived), compostable plastics (PLA, PBAT) and conventional plastics (PP, PET, and LDPE). Our strategy was to develop a classification model to identify and categorize various fragments over the size range of 50 x 50 mm to 5 x 5 mm. Results indicated that both PCA and PLS-DA achieved classification scores of 100% when the size of material was larger than 10 mm x 10 mm. However, the misclassification rate increased to 20% for sugarcane-derived and 40% for palm leaf-based materials at sizes of 10 x 10 mm or below. In addition, for sizes of 5 x 5 mm, the misclassification rate for LDPE and PBAT increased to 20%, and for sugarcane and palm-leaf based materials to 60 and 80% respectively while the misclassification rate for PLA, PP, and PET was still 0%. The system is capable of accurately sorting compostable plastics (compostable spoons, forks, coffee lids) and differentiating them from identical looking conventional plastic items with high accuracy.","PeriodicalId":253319,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sustainability","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128293470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-13DOI: 10.3389/frsus.2023.1115238
A. Raffoul
In situations where scientists disagree, which science should decision-makers listen to? This article argues that we should listen to “regenerative research”, that is, research (1) whose objective is to regenerate our relationship to the land and to each other (rather than dominating nature), (2) whose worldview acknowledges the interconnection between humans and non-humans (rather than assuming a separation between humanity and nature), and (3) whose processes are democratized (instead of including but a narrow circle of researchers). We should listen to regenerative science not because it is suited to the interests of politicians or activists, but because it is most likely to be beneficent, rigorous, and objective. In addition to granting scientists new responsibilities, such as engaging in public action, the climate and ecological crises therefore also require us to critically reflect on the core of our work: the knowledge we generate.
{"title":"Listen to the science! Which science? Regenerative research for times of planetary crises","authors":"A. Raffoul","doi":"10.3389/frsus.2023.1115238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frsus.2023.1115238","url":null,"abstract":"In situations where scientists disagree, which science should decision-makers listen to? This article argues that we should listen to “regenerative research”, that is, research (1) whose objective is to regenerate our relationship to the land and to each other (rather than dominating nature), (2) whose worldview acknowledges the interconnection between humans and non-humans (rather than assuming a separation between humanity and nature), and (3) whose processes are democratized (instead of including but a narrow circle of researchers). We should listen to regenerative science not because it is suited to the interests of politicians or activists, but because it is most likely to be beneficent, rigorous, and objective. In addition to granting scientists new responsibilities, such as engaging in public action, the climate and ecological crises therefore also require us to critically reflect on the core of our work: the knowledge we generate.","PeriodicalId":253319,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sustainability","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122659974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-09DOI: 10.3389/frsus.2023.982357
T. Farrelly, T. Y. Chitaka
The Basel Plastic Waste Amendments reflect growing global concern about the illegal plastic waste trade as waste colonialism. Comprehensive analyses of plastic waste material sources, pathways, and fates are needed for effective plastic waste trade policy. Plastics waste flows from Palmerston North, New Zealand to Malaysia highlight potential gaps in plastic waste trade policies. The authors recommend strengthening New Zealand's national waste policy framework and the Basel Convention's Plastics Amendments by basing policy responses on critical transboundary plastic waste material flow analyses, establishing harmonized definitions including “recyclable” and “environmentally sound recycling”; regulating contamination thresholds and container inspections; and waste trade traceability, transparency, compliance, enforcement, and remediation; reclassifying fluorinated polymers and thermosets as “hazardous”; and prioritizing principles of prevention, proximity and precaution over future investments in the management of plastic waste.
{"title":"Policy implications for gaps in traditional plastic waste material flow analysis: Palmerston North, New Zealand","authors":"T. Farrelly, T. Y. Chitaka","doi":"10.3389/frsus.2023.982357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frsus.2023.982357","url":null,"abstract":"The Basel Plastic Waste Amendments reflect growing global concern about the illegal plastic waste trade as waste colonialism. Comprehensive analyses of plastic waste material sources, pathways, and fates are needed for effective plastic waste trade policy. Plastics waste flows from Palmerston North, New Zealand to Malaysia highlight potential gaps in plastic waste trade policies. The authors recommend strengthening New Zealand's national waste policy framework and the Basel Convention's Plastics Amendments by basing policy responses on critical transboundary plastic waste material flow analyses, establishing harmonized definitions including “recyclable” and “environmentally sound recycling”; regulating contamination thresholds and container inspections; and waste trade traceability, transparency, compliance, enforcement, and remediation; reclassifying fluorinated polymers and thermosets as “hazardous”; and prioritizing principles of prevention, proximity and precaution over future investments in the management of plastic waste.","PeriodicalId":253319,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sustainability","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129493641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-09DOI: 10.3389/frsus.2023.1148499
T. Sakao, C. Desha, I. Djekić, C. Favi, O. Olayide, M. Zioło, Jussi Kantola, M. Muñoz-Torres, U. Tortato, J. Segalás, K. Urbaniec, Ernesto D. R. Santibanez-Gonzalez, M. Renzi, S. Seuring, R. Lozano
Pub Date : 2023-03-03DOI: 10.3389/frsus.2023.1091516
J. Muñoz-Pérez, G. Lewbart, Daniela Alarcón-Ruales, Alice Skehel, Esteban Cobos, R. Rivera, Alexis J Jaramillo, Henry Vivanco, Leo Zurita-Arthos, B. Wallace, C. Valle, K. Townsend
Plastic pollution (PP) is an ongoing, pervasive global problem that represents a risk to the Galápagos archipelago, despite it being one of the world's most pristine and well-protected regions. By working closely with citizen scientists, we aimed to quantify and map the magnitude and biological effects of PP. With macroplastic abundance ranging from 0.003 to 2.87 items/m2, our research indicates that all five sampled Galápagos bioregions are contaminated with PP along their coastlines. The distribution of this debris is not uniform, with macroplastics significantly higher on the windward shores. Based on the identification information found on the examined items, Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was the most predominant type of plastic originating from both consumer and fisheries-based products deriving primarily from Perú, China, and Ecuador. The top three manufacturers were AjeCroup, Coca-Cola, and Tingy Holding Corporation. Through citizen science, we documented PP exposure in 52 species (20 endemic) in Galápagos terrestrial and marine environments, with exposure occurring in two ways: entanglement and ingestion. These included reptiles (8 species), birds (13 species), mammals (4 species), cartilaginous fish (7 species), bony fish (14 species), and invertebrates (6 species). The top five species with the greatest risk of serious harm due to entanglement (in decreasing order) were identified as green sea turtles, marine iguanas, whale sharks, spine-tail mobulas, and medium-ground finches. In contrast, Santa Cruz tortoises, green sea turtles, marine iguanas, black-striped salemas, and Galápagos sea lions were at the highest risk of harm due to the ingestion of plastics. Our research indicates that PP is a growing problem in the Galápagos archipelago and that additional work is necessary to mitigate its impact now and in the future. Graphical Abstract The main findings of this study are presented visually, showing how many and which species of animals are most at risk, the main countries of manufacturing and manufacturers that were predominant, and the direction of pollution.
{"title":"Galápagos and the plastic problem","authors":"J. Muñoz-Pérez, G. Lewbart, Daniela Alarcón-Ruales, Alice Skehel, Esteban Cobos, R. Rivera, Alexis J Jaramillo, Henry Vivanco, Leo Zurita-Arthos, B. Wallace, C. Valle, K. Townsend","doi":"10.3389/frsus.2023.1091516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frsus.2023.1091516","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic pollution (PP) is an ongoing, pervasive global problem that represents a risk to the Galápagos archipelago, despite it being one of the world's most pristine and well-protected regions. By working closely with citizen scientists, we aimed to quantify and map the magnitude and biological effects of PP. With macroplastic abundance ranging from 0.003 to 2.87 items/m2, our research indicates that all five sampled Galápagos bioregions are contaminated with PP along their coastlines. The distribution of this debris is not uniform, with macroplastics significantly higher on the windward shores. Based on the identification information found on the examined items, Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was the most predominant type of plastic originating from both consumer and fisheries-based products deriving primarily from Perú, China, and Ecuador. The top three manufacturers were AjeCroup, Coca-Cola, and Tingy Holding Corporation. Through citizen science, we documented PP exposure in 52 species (20 endemic) in Galápagos terrestrial and marine environments, with exposure occurring in two ways: entanglement and ingestion. These included reptiles (8 species), birds (13 species), mammals (4 species), cartilaginous fish (7 species), bony fish (14 species), and invertebrates (6 species). The top five species with the greatest risk of serious harm due to entanglement (in decreasing order) were identified as green sea turtles, marine iguanas, whale sharks, spine-tail mobulas, and medium-ground finches. In contrast, Santa Cruz tortoises, green sea turtles, marine iguanas, black-striped salemas, and Galápagos sea lions were at the highest risk of harm due to the ingestion of plastics. Our research indicates that PP is a growing problem in the Galápagos archipelago and that additional work is necessary to mitigate its impact now and in the future. Graphical Abstract The main findings of this study are presented visually, showing how many and which species of animals are most at risk, the main countries of manufacturing and manufacturers that were predominant, and the direction of pollution.","PeriodicalId":253319,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sustainability","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124012795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-03DOI: 10.3389/frsus.2022.682178
Chabely M. Aparicio-Álvarez, Catherine E. Espinoza-Salazar, Carla Del Carpio-Jiménez
Introduction Copoazú seed butter [Theobroma grandiflorum (Wild ex Spreng) K. Schum] is a rich source of fatty acids and polyphenols, active substances with high antioxidant and moisturizing activities with potential applications in the cosmetic industry. Some studies have demonstrated that sun-induced skin damage is partially mediated by oxidative pathways; in fact, there is evidence for the photoprotective roles of antioxidants. Methods We have developed a stable emulgel-type cosmetic formulation using Copoazú seed butter at different concentrations of 5, 10, and 20% and examined the antioxidant activity and the effect of Copoazú seed butter emulgels against UV-induced epidermal damage in mice to verify its use for topical photoprotective products. Results and discussion The antioxidant activity expressed as EC50 values varied from 8.47 ± 0.013 mg/ml to 4.53 ± 0.046 mg/ml for Copoazú seed butter emulgels. In vitro sun protection factor (SPF) assessment showed that Copoazú seed butter emulgel at 20% has the highest SPF of 11.67 ± 0.001, which is acceptable for the sunscreen products development, and these results were corroborated by the in vivo results since the mice were irradiated with UV light and treated with Copoazú seed emulgels and showed minor damage or significantly reduced the severity of the damage and were comparable with the standard photo-protector. The results showed that Copoazú seed butter is a promising compound for photoprotective formulations.
Copoazú种子黄油[Theobroma grandflorum (Wild ex spring) K. Schum]是一种富含脂肪酸和多酚的活性物质，具有高抗氧化和保湿活性，在化妆品工业中具有潜在的应用前景。一些研究表明，太阳引起的皮肤损伤部分是由氧化途径介导的;事实上，有证据表明抗氧化剂具有光防护作用。方法采用浓度分别为5%、10%和20%的Copoazú种子黄油制备了一种稳定的乳液型化妆品配方，并检测了Copoazú种子黄油乳液的抗氧化活性和对小鼠紫外线诱导的表皮损伤的影响，以验证其在外用光防护产品中的应用。结果与讨论Copoazú种子黄油乳的EC50值为8.47±0.013 mg/ml ~ 4.53±0.046 mg/ml。体外防晒系数(SPF)评估结果显示，20%的Copoazú种子黄油乳液的SPF值最高，为11.67±0.001，可用于防晒产品的开发，并且这些结果得到了体内实验结果的证实，因为用紫外线照射小鼠并使用Copoazú种子乳液处理小鼠，其损伤程度轻微或显着降低，与标准光保护剂相当。结果表明，Copoazú种子黄油是一种很有前途的光防护配方化合物。
{"title":"In vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo photoprotective effect of Theobroma grandiflorum butter emulgels on skin of mice exposed to UVB irradiation","authors":"Chabely M. Aparicio-Álvarez, Catherine E. Espinoza-Salazar, Carla Del Carpio-Jiménez","doi":"10.3389/frsus.2022.682178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frsus.2022.682178","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Copoazú seed butter [Theobroma grandiflorum (Wild ex Spreng) K. Schum] is a rich source of fatty acids and polyphenols, active substances with high antioxidant and moisturizing activities with potential applications in the cosmetic industry. Some studies have demonstrated that sun-induced skin damage is partially mediated by oxidative pathways; in fact, there is evidence for the photoprotective roles of antioxidants. Methods We have developed a stable emulgel-type cosmetic formulation using Copoazú seed butter at different concentrations of 5, 10, and 20% and examined the antioxidant activity and the effect of Copoazú seed butter emulgels against UV-induced epidermal damage in mice to verify its use for topical photoprotective products. Results and discussion The antioxidant activity expressed as EC50 values varied from 8.47 ± 0.013 mg/ml to 4.53 ± 0.046 mg/ml for Copoazú seed butter emulgels. In vitro sun protection factor (SPF) assessment showed that Copoazú seed butter emulgel at 20% has the highest SPF of 11.67 ± 0.001, which is acceptable for the sunscreen products development, and these results were corroborated by the in vivo results since the mice were irradiated with UV light and treated with Copoazú seed emulgels and showed minor damage or significantly reduced the severity of the damage and were comparable with the standard photo-protector. The results showed that Copoazú seed butter is a promising compound for photoprotective formulations.","PeriodicalId":253319,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sustainability","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124163924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-02DOI: 10.3389/frsus.2023.997509
P. Lemarchand, C. Macmahon, Mick McKeever, P. Owende
Introduction SDG 4.7 mandates university contributions to the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through their education provisions. Hence, universities increasingly assess their curricular alignment to the SDGs. A common approach to the assessment is to identify keywords associated with specific SDGs and to analyze for their presence in the curriculum. An inherent challenge is associating the identified keywords as used in the diverse set of curricular contexts to relevant sustainability indicators; hence, the urgent need for more systematic assessment as SDG implementation passes its mid-cycle. Method In this study, a more nuanced technique was evaluated with notable capabilities for: (i) computing the importance of keywords based on the term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) method; (ii) extending this computation to the importance of courses to each SDG and; (iii) correlating such importance to a statistical categorization based on the Association for the Advancement of Sustainability in Higher Education (AASHE) criteria. Application of the technique to analyze 5,773 modules in a university's curriculum portfolio facilitated categorization of the modules/courses to be “sustainability-focused” or “sustainability-inclusive.” With the strategic objective of systematically assessing the sustainability content of taught curricula, it is critical to evaluate the precision and accuracy of the computed results, in order to attribute text with the appropriate SDGs and level of sustainability embeddedness. This paper evaluates this technique, comparing its results against a manual and labor-intensive interpretation of expert informed assessment of sustainability embeddedness on a random sample of 306 modules/courses. Results and discussion Except for SDGs 1 and 17, the technique exhibited a reasonable degree of accuracy in predicting module/course alignment to SDGs and in categorizing them using AASHE criteria. Whilst limited to curricular contexts from a single university, this study indicates that the technique can support curricular transformation by stimulating enhancement and reframing of module/course contexts through the lens of the SDGs.
{"title":"An evaluation of a computational technique for measuring the embeddedness of sustainability in the curriculum aligned to AASHE-STARS and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals","authors":"P. Lemarchand, C. Macmahon, Mick McKeever, P. Owende","doi":"10.3389/frsus.2023.997509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frsus.2023.997509","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction SDG 4.7 mandates university contributions to the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through their education provisions. Hence, universities increasingly assess their curricular alignment to the SDGs. A common approach to the assessment is to identify keywords associated with specific SDGs and to analyze for their presence in the curriculum. An inherent challenge is associating the identified keywords as used in the diverse set of curricular contexts to relevant sustainability indicators; hence, the urgent need for more systematic assessment as SDG implementation passes its mid-cycle. Method In this study, a more nuanced technique was evaluated with notable capabilities for: (i) computing the importance of keywords based on the term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) method; (ii) extending this computation to the importance of courses to each SDG and; (iii) correlating such importance to a statistical categorization based on the Association for the Advancement of Sustainability in Higher Education (AASHE) criteria. Application of the technique to analyze 5,773 modules in a university's curriculum portfolio facilitated categorization of the modules/courses to be “sustainability-focused” or “sustainability-inclusive.” With the strategic objective of systematically assessing the sustainability content of taught curricula, it is critical to evaluate the precision and accuracy of the computed results, in order to attribute text with the appropriate SDGs and level of sustainability embeddedness. This paper evaluates this technique, comparing its results against a manual and labor-intensive interpretation of expert informed assessment of sustainability embeddedness on a random sample of 306 modules/courses. Results and discussion Except for SDGs 1 and 17, the technique exhibited a reasonable degree of accuracy in predicting module/course alignment to SDGs and in categorizing them using AASHE criteria. Whilst limited to curricular contexts from a single university, this study indicates that the technique can support curricular transformation by stimulating enhancement and reframing of module/course contexts through the lens of the SDGs.","PeriodicalId":253319,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sustainability","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133958257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-02DOI: 10.3389/frsus.2023.956830
Margot Dyen, Maxime Michaud
Introduction This article proposes to study the mechanisms by which food, and particularly commensality, generates social ties. Methods It mobilizes the conceptual framework of care, and is based on a qualitative methodology inspired by ethnography, to study neighborhood canteens. Two non-profit organizations were investigated, both having in common the willing to generate social ties between people living or working in the same neighborhood through the sharing of meals. We conducted participant observations and two sets of semi-structured interviews with stakeholders of the structure, either managers, employees or members. The first series aimed at describing the experiences of the participants and their sociocultural background. The second series used the projective method of collages, in order to go deeper in the understanding of the relationships between the members and with the structures. Results The results show that there are different postures toward neighborhood canteens, between a desire to receive care and a desire to give care. Discussion We thus identify that the search for care is based on the need for recognition, valorization and reassurance and that the kind of social ties created and experienced by the stakeholders is highly dependent on the compatibility of their expectations regarding care.
{"title":"Social ties and sustainability in neighborhood canteens: A care-based approach","authors":"Margot Dyen, Maxime Michaud","doi":"10.3389/frsus.2023.956830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frsus.2023.956830","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction This article proposes to study the mechanisms by which food, and particularly commensality, generates social ties. Methods It mobilizes the conceptual framework of care, and is based on a qualitative methodology inspired by ethnography, to study neighborhood canteens. Two non-profit organizations were investigated, both having in common the willing to generate social ties between people living or working in the same neighborhood through the sharing of meals. We conducted participant observations and two sets of semi-structured interviews with stakeholders of the structure, either managers, employees or members. The first series aimed at describing the experiences of the participants and their sociocultural background. The second series used the projective method of collages, in order to go deeper in the understanding of the relationships between the members and with the structures. Results The results show that there are different postures toward neighborhood canteens, between a desire to receive care and a desire to give care. Discussion We thus identify that the search for care is based on the need for recognition, valorization and reassurance and that the kind of social ties created and experienced by the stakeholders is highly dependent on the compatibility of their expectations regarding care.","PeriodicalId":253319,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Sustainability","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128135468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-27DOI: 10.3389/frsus.2022.1035705
A. Cagle, M. Shepherd, S. Grodsky, A. Armstrong, S. Jordaan, R. Hernandez
Ground-mounted solar energy installations, including photovoltaics (PV) and concentrating solar power (CSP), can have significant environmental, ecological, and sociocultural effects via land-use and land-cover change (LULCC). Research in disciplines ranging from engineering to environmental policy seeks to quantify solar energy-land (SE-land) interactions to better understand the comprehensive impacts of solar energy installations on society. However, increasing evidence shows that scholars across research disciplines employ disparate metrics to quantify SE-land interactions. While solar energy deployment helps to achieve progress toward sustainable development goals (SDG 7- affordable and clean energy), the inconsistent use of metrics to describe SE-land interactions may inhibit the understanding of the total environmental and ecological impacts of solar energy installations, potentially causing barriers to achieve concurrent SDG's such as life on land (SDG 15). We systematically reviewed 608 sources on SE-land relationships globally to identify and assess the most frequent metric terms and units used in published studies. In total, we identified 51 unique metric terms and 34 different units of measure describing SE-land relationships across 18 countries of author origin. We organized these findings into three distinct metric categories: (1) capacity-based (i.e., nominal), (2) generation-based, and (3) human population-based. We used the most frequently reported terms and units in each category to inform a standardized suite of metrics, which are: land-use efficiency (W/m2), annual and lifetime land transformation (m2/Wh), and solar footprint (m2/capita). This framework can facilitate greater consistency in the reporting of SE-land metrics and improved capacity for comparison and aggregations of trends, including SE-land modeling projections. Our study addresses the need for standardization while acknowledging the role for future methodological advancements. The results of our study may help guide scholars toward a common vernacular and application of metrics to inform decisions about solar energy development.
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