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Campus sustainability at Rhodes University, South Africa: perceptions, awareness level, and potential interventions 南非罗德大学校园可持续性:观念、认识水平和潜在干预措施
Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.3389/frsus.2024.1390061
Gladman Thondhlana, Baby-Sandile Nkosi
With an increasing environmental footprint due to resource consumption by employees and students, universities have a moral responsibility to integrate sustainability principles in daily university operations as part of broader societal contributions. Understanding perceptions of sustainability and awareness level can inform universities about their performance on sustainability matters, and allocation of financial and human resources needed to help universities achieve their intended sustainability targets. However, studies on perceptions regarding campus daily sustainability practices, organizational culture and role of leadership are scarce. To address this gap, this study examined staff and students’ perceptions of campus sustainability, including their views on daily operations, sustainability priorities, the organization’s level of commitment toward sustainability goals and the role of top management in promoting sustainable practices at Rhodes University, South Africa. The findings show low and varied level of sustainability awareness between stakeholders and a disconnect between campus sustainability efforts and priorities, suggestive of a policy-implementation gap. The respondents cited lack of funding, cooperation, and commitment from top leadership as the key barriers to campus sustainability. The findings point to the need to rethink the sustainability challenges universities face and ways of addressing them. Possible strategies for improving perceptions include raising awareness on campus sustainability through engagements, engendering a sustainability culture, clearly defining responsibilities for overseeing sustainability matters, co-designing sustainability goals and implementation strategies, and the need to monitor and report progress made toward achieving sustainability goals.
随着员工和学生的资源消耗对环境造成的影响越来越大,大学在道义上有责任将可持续发展原则融入大学的日常运作中,为社会做出更广泛的贡献。了解人们对可持续发展的看法和认识水平,可以让大学了解自己在可持续发展问题上的表现,以及为帮助大学实现预期的可持续发展目标所需的财政和人力资源的分配情况。然而,有关校园日常可持续发展实践、组织文化和领导作用的研究却很少。为了弥补这一不足,本研究考察了南非罗德大学师生对校园可持续发展的看法,包括他们对日常运作、可持续发展优先事项、组织对可持续发展目标的承诺程度以及高层管理人员在促进可持续发展实践中的作用的看法。调查结果表明,利益相关者对可持续发展的认识水平较低且参差不齐,校园可持续发展工作与优先事项之间存在脱节,这表明在政策执行方面存在差距。受访者认为,缺乏资金、合作以及高层领导的承诺是校园可持续发展的主要障碍。调查结果表明,有必要重新思考大学所面临的可持续发展挑战以及应对这些挑战的方法。改善看法的可能策略包括:通过参与提高对校园可持续发展的认识、营造可持续发展文化、明确界定监督可持续发展事务的责任、共同设计可持续发展目标和实施策略,以及需要监测和报告在实现可持续发展目标方面取得的进展。
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引用次数: 0
PET and polyolefin plastics supply chains in Michigan: present and future systems analysis of environmental and socio-economic impacts 密歇根州的 PET 和聚烯烃塑料供应链:环境和社会经济影响的当前和未来系统分析
Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.3389/frsus.2024.1405427
Utkarsh S. Chaudhari, Kamand Sedaghatnia, Barbara K. Reck, Kate Maguire, Anne T. Johnson, David W. Watkins, Robert M. Handler, Tasmin Hossain, Damon S. Hartley, Vicki S. Thompson, Alejandra Peralta, Jenny L. Apriesnig, David R. Shonnard
Many actions are underway at global, national, and local levels to increase plastics circularity. However, studies evaluating the environmental and socio-economic impacts of such a transition are lacking at regional levels in the United States. In this work, the existing polyethylene terephthalate and polyolefin plastics supply chains in Michigan were compared to a potential future (‘NextCycle’) scenario that looks at increasing Michigan’s overall recycling rate to 45%. Material flow analysis data was combined with environmental and socio-economic metrics to evaluate the sustainability of these supply chains for the modeled scenarios. Overall, the NextCycle scenario for these supply chains achieved a net 14% and 34% savings of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and energy impacts, when compared with their respective baseline values. Additionally, the NextCycle scenario showed a net gain in employment and wages, however, it showed a net loss of revenue generation outside of Michigan due to the avoided use of virgin resins in Michigan.
全球、国家和地方各级正在采取许多行动,以提高塑料的循环性。然而,在美国的地区层面上,还缺乏对这种转变的环境和社会经济影响进行评估的研究。在这项研究中,我们将密歇根州现有的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯和聚烯烃塑料供应链与潜在的未来("NextCycle")方案进行了比较,该方案旨在将密歇根州的总体回收率提高到 45%。物料流分析数据与环境和社会经济指标相结合,对模型情景下这些供应链的可持续性进行了评估。总体而言,与各自的基准值相比,这些供应链的 NextCycle 方案分别净减少了 14% 和 34% 的温室气体排放和能源影响。此外,"下一个循环 "方案在就业和工资方面实现了净增长,但由于避免在密歇根州使用原生树脂,密歇根州以外的创收出现了净损失。
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引用次数: 0
Strengthening resilience: decentralized decision-making and multi-criteria analysis in the energy-water-food nexus systems 加强复原力:能源-水-粮食关系系统中的分散决策和多重标准分析
Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.3389/frsus.2024.1367931
Maryam Haji, Sarah Namany, Tareq Al-Ansari
The Energy-Water-Food (EWF) nexus is a complex and multidimensional system, in which the energy, water and food resources are strongly interconnected. EWF nexus systems are seriously threatened by natural hazards (e.g., climate change and extreme weather events) along with other human-driven threats, including rapid population growth, urbanization, terrorism, and geopolitical uncertainty. As such, integrated analysis, as encouraged by the EWF nexus can facilitate the identification of essential connections and potential conflicts that may arise in the planning and operation of resource systems. Moreover, in order to consider immediate shocks and long-term pressures, it is imperative to prioritize the strengthening of EWF system resilience by incorporating robust and efficient resource management strategies, which consider various dimensions of sustainability and security such as technical, environmental, economic, and societal aspects. Decentralization is one concept that has the potential of improving the resilience of nexus systems faced to the multiple risks governing them through reducing single points of failure and enabling swifter responses to sudden shocks and continuous volatilities. However, in order to achieve a holistic system resilience through decentralization, the assessment of the different risks impacting each nexus sector is fundamental, yet it can be particularly challenging. Therefore, the objective of this study is to review the currently available resilience assessment methods for the EWF nexus system. The systematic literature review will connect various assessment methods used within decentralization studies that are applied to improve the resilience performance of the EWF nexus system. A total of 84 journal papers were evaluated. The review demonstrates that the deployment of multi-criteria decision-making framework based on composite indicators can be effective in addressing risks and uncertainties within EWF systems. Furthermore, findings of this review illustrate complementary connections between decentralization and resilience concepts, which when integrated with the EWF nexus approach, can be effectively utilized for integrated sustainable resource management.
能源-水-粮食(EWF)关系是一个复杂的多维系统,其中能源、水和粮食资源紧密相连。能源-水-食物关系系统受到自然灾害(如气候变化和极端天气事件)以及其他人类驱动的威胁的严重威胁,包括人口快速增长、城市化、恐怖主义和地缘政治的不确定性。因此,EWF 关系所鼓励的综合分析有助于确定资源系统规划和运行过程中可能出现的基本联系和潜在冲突。此外,为了考虑当前的冲击和长期的压力,必须优先考虑加强 EWF 系统的复原力,纳入稳健高效的资源管理战略,考虑可持续性和安全性的各个层面,如技术、环境、经济和社会方面。权力下放是一个概念,有可能通过减少单点故障,更迅速地应对突发冲击和持续波动,从而提高面临多重风险的关联系统的复原力。然而,为了通过权力下放实现系统的整体复原力,对影响每个关联部门的不同风险进行评估是至关重要的,但这可能特别具有挑战性。因此,本研究的目标是审查目前可用的 EWF 关联系统复原力评估方法。系统性的文献综述将把分散化研究中使用的各种评估方法联系起来,这些方法可用于提高 EWF 关联系统的复原力。共评估了 84 篇期刊论文。综述表明,采用基于综合指标的多标准决策框架可以有效地应对 EWF 系统中的风险和不确定性。此外,综述结果还说明了权力下放和复原力概念之间的互补联系,当这些概念与环境、生命和粮食关系方法相结合时,可有效用于综合可持续资源管理。
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引用次数: 0
COP28 and the global stocktake: a weak attempt to address climate change COP28 和全球评估:应对气候变化的无力尝试
Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.3389/frsus.2024.1388266
Kizito Aidam
The seminal outcome of COP28 was the Global Stocktake (GST), which referenced transitioning for the first time among all the United Nations’ climate agreements. While the GST’s attempt at energy transition is welcomed, it is deficient. In this paper, the historical challenges of international climate policymaking and implementation has been explored. The challenges that undermined previous UN agreements will likely hinder the global stocktake. Moreover, the GST’s failure to use more forceful language could be a fatal flaw. Furthermore, the GST did not sufficiently define key terms like net zero and energy transition. Likewise, it did not give due consideration to energy justice. The GST missed the opportunity to take strategic advantage of state actors while creating an ecosystem for non-state actors to contribute to the fight against climate change. The GST should have taken advantage of the avalanche of scientific knowledge available on energy transition to mandate timely climate mitigation plans. Subsequent GSTs must proactively address the shortcomings of the first GST if the current generation, which is touted as the generation with the last chance to combat climate change, hopes to achieve the primary goal of the Paris Agreement.
COP28 的开创性成果是 "全球评估"(GST),它在联合国所有气候协议中首次提到了能源转型。虽然 GST 在能源转型方面的尝试值得欢迎,但仍有不足之处。本文探讨了国际气候政策制定和实施的历史挑战。这些挑战破坏了以往的联合国协议,很可能会阻碍全球评估。此外,全球气候服务协议未能使用更有力的语言可能是一个致命缺陷。此外,全球技术服务小组没有充分定义净零和能源转型等关键术语。同样,它也没有对能源公正给予应有的考虑。商品及服务税错失了利用国家行为者的战略优势,同时为非国家行为者创造一个有助于应对气候变化的生态系统的机会。GST 本应利用现有的大量能源转型科学知识,及时授权制定气候减缓计划。如果被誉为应对气候变化最后机会的这一代人希望实现《巴黎协定》的主要目标,随后的全球技术服务小组必须积极主动地解决第一次全球技术服务小组的不足之处。
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引用次数: 0
Quality education for all: a case study of success for a neurodivergent learner 全民优质教育:神经变异学习者的成功案例研究
Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.3389/frsus.2024.1399361
Glenys Ker, Rachel van Gorp
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引用次数: 0
Tomato disease detection with lightweight recurrent and convolutional deep learning models for sustainable and smart agriculture 利用轻量级递归和卷积深度学习模型检测番茄病害,促进可持续智能农业发展
Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.3389/frsus.2024.1383182
An Thanh Le, Masoud Shakiba, Iman Ardekani
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引用次数: 0
Integrated techno-economic and life cycle assessment of hydroformylation in microemulsion systems 微乳液系统中加氢甲酰化的综合技术经济和生命周期评估
Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.3389/frsus.2024.1405471
Johannes Wunderlich, Philipp Kretzschmar, Reinhard Schomäcker
This paper presents the first integrated techno-economic and life cycle assessment of microemulsion systems being applied for rhodium-catalyzed hydroformylation of long-chain alkenes at industrial scale. The case study describes a projected 150 kt/a production of tridecanal (US gulf coast, 2019). The industrial success of the hydroformylation of short-chain alkenes lies in the continuous recycling of the rhodium-containing water phase. Microemulsion systems can be applied to transfer this concept to long-chain alkenes by overcoming the miscibility gap between the aqueous catalyst phase and the unipolar alkene phase and, moreover, by generating a temperature-induced multi-phase system enabling the immobilization of the catalyst and its continuous recycling, as demonstrated in miniplant operations with dodecene and rhodium/SulfoXantPhos. Customizable simulation models have been developed for scale-up and assessment of the miniplant data. Surprisingly, a profitability-driven sensitivity study indicates a base case optimum at low residence time with low alkene conversion leading to large throughput streams and high raw material purge rates. The comparison to the industrial cobalt-based benchmark system shows an economic advantage regarding net present value (Rh: 68 M$; Co: 62 M$), while about half of the environmental indicators are in favor or equivalent. In a best-case scenario considering zero leaching of expensive rhodium the net present value increases by almost 40% accompanied by a shift to overall lower environmental impacts than the benchmark. In conclusion, the investigated miniplant data suggest microemulsion systems to be competitive when applied in continuous processes at a large scale.
本文首次对应用于工业规模长链烯烃铑催化加氢甲酰化的微乳液系统进行了综合技术经济和生命周期评估。案例研究描述了预计年产量为 150 kt/a 的十三醛生产(美国海湾沿岸,2019 年)。短链烯烃加氢甲酰化的工业成功在于含铑水相的持续循环利用。微乳液系统可以克服水相催化剂和单极烯烃相之间的混溶性差距,而且还可以生成温度诱导的多相系统,从而实现催化剂的固定化和连续循环,正如十二烯和铑/SulfoXantPhos 的微型装置操作所证明的那样,微乳液系统可以将这一概念应用于长链烯烃。为扩大规模和评估微型工厂数据,开发了可定制的模拟模型。令人惊讶的是,盈利能力驱动的敏感性研究表明,在低停留时间、低烯烃转化率的基本情况下,会产生大吞吐量流和高原料净化率,从而达到最佳效果。与以钴为基础的工业基准系统相比,该系统在净现值方面具有经济优势(Rh:6,800 万美元;Co:6,200 万美元),而大约一半的环境指标处于有利或相当的水平。在最佳情况下,考虑到昂贵铑的零浸出,净现值增加了近 40%,同时对环境的总体影响也低于基准系统。总之,所调查的微型工厂数据表明,微乳液系统在大规模应用于连续工艺时具有竞争力。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial: Future perspectives on separation technologies 社论:分离技术的未来展望
Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.3389/frsus.2024.1411937
Eric C. D. Tan, E. Favvas, Adele Brunetti
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引用次数: 0
The potential contribution of end-of-life fishing nets, lines and ropes to a circular economy: the Namibian perspective 报废渔网、渔线和渔绳对循环经济的潜在贡献:纳米比亚的视角
Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.3389/frsus.2024.1356265
Victoria Ndinelago Erasmus, Fillemon Nadhipite Johannes, Nangula Amutenya, Neil A. James
Using data collected through survey questionnaires with fleet managers of 16 (61.5%) Namibian fishing companies, we explored the current practices, challenges, and opportunities in promoting Circular Economy (CE) in the context of End-Of-Life (EOL) fishing gear. Most fishing companies (56.2%) have been in operation for more than 25 years. A majority of fishing companies (62.5%) are involved in demersal trawling, mostly targeting hake (Merluccius species). Survey findings reveal that the companies import fishing gear mostly in a semi – complete format (50.0%). The current durability of fishing nets and lines/ropes is about 3 and 2 years respectively, highlighting a continuous generation of fishing gear waste. We estimated (that) approximately 104 tons of EOL fishing gear, lines/twine and ropes (are) generated annually by the Namibian fishing industry, however about 10% of some parts of the EOL fishing gear are recovered and reused. None of the fishing companies recycle EOL fishing gear, which is mostly attributed to a lack of recycling facilities. Current standard practices of EOL fishing nets, lines and ropes management include selling to employees, donating to other institutions, or disposal at dumping sites. Although some of the EOL fishing nets, lines and ropes are sold at open markets, they are not converted into value-added products, thus they are not fully utilized to significantly contribute to the CE. We recommend the implementation of circular practices such as converting EOL fishing nets, lines and ropes into value-added products such as clothing, shoes, and accessories, i.e., sunglasses, thereby reducing environmental pollution, minimising energy usage, and promoting sustainable production and consumption.
通过向 16 家(61.5%)纳米比亚渔业公司的船队经理发放调查问卷收集的数据,我们探讨了在报废(EOL)渔具方面促进循环经济(CE)的当前做法、挑战和机遇。大多数渔业公司(56.2%)已经经营了 25 年以上。大多数渔业公司(62.5%)从事底层拖网捕捞,主要捕捞无须鳕(Merluccius 鱼种)。调查结果显示,这些公司进口的渔具大多是半成品(50.0%)。目前,渔网和钓线/钓索的使用寿命分别约为 3 年和 2 年,这表明渔具废物在不断产生。我们估计,纳米比亚渔业每年大约产生 104 吨废弃渔具、钓线/绳索,但大约有 10% 的废弃渔具的某些部分被回收和再利用。没有一家渔业公司对报废渔具进行回收,主要原因是缺乏回收设施。目前对废弃渔网、渔线和渔绳的标准管理方法包括出售给员工、捐赠给其他机构或丢弃到垃圾场。虽然部分废旧渔网、缆绳和绳索在公开市场上出售,但并没有转化为增值产品,因此没有得到充分利用,无法对消费总量做出重大贡献。我们建议实施循环做法,例如将废弃渔网、渔线和绳索转化为服装、鞋和配件(即太阳镜)等增值产品,从而减少环境污染,最大限度地减少能源消耗,促进可持续生产和消费。
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引用次数: 0
On sustainable land rent 关于可持续地租
Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.3389/frsus.2024.1360061
Ünsal Özdilek
This paper introduces the concept of Sustainable Land Rent (SLR), providing a comprehensive, multidimensional exploration anchored in the dynamics of its origin, separability, mobility, valuation, and the imperative for equitable distribution. SLR capitalizes on the economic mobility of land’s value to enhance community welfare and promote environmental sustainability. Advocating for the systematic institutionalization of SLR, the research tackles the complex challenge of distinguishing land value from improvements.Employing traditional Price, Cost, and Income (PCI) methods as practiced in North America, the study addresses the technical challenge of inseparability by estimating and integrating the SLR value within each of these methods. The methodology clarifies the valuation process and establishes an objective framework for resource allocation and negotiation between public and private sectors.Furthermore, our findings highlight SLR’s vital role in advancing public revenue generation and underscore its function as an innovative catalyst for integrating sustainability into economic valuation models and practices in real estate development and urbanization.
本文介绍了 "可持续地租"(SLR)的概念,从地租的起源、可分割性、流动性、估价以及公平分配的必要性等方面进行了全面、多维度的探讨。可持续土地租金利用土地价值的经济流动性来提高社区福利,促进环境的可持续发展。这项研究倡导将可持续土地管理系统化,解决了区分土地价值和改良的复杂难题。研究采用北美地区使用的传统价格、成本和收入(PCI)方法,通过估算和整合每种方法中的可持续土地管理价值,解决了不可分割性的技术难题。此外,我们的研究结果突出了可持续土地资源在促进公共创收方面的重要作用,并强调了可持续土地资源作为创新催化剂的功能,可将可持续性纳入房地产开发和城市化的经济评估模型和实践中。
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引用次数: 0
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Frontiers in Sustainability
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