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2018 IEEE International Conference on the Science of Electrical Engineering in Israel (ICSEE)最新文献

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Efficient Hardware/Software partitioning for Heterogeneous Embedded Systems 异构嵌入式系统的高效硬件/软件分区
E. Manor, S. Greenberg
This paper presents a novel model-based hardware/software co-design methodology applied to heterogeneous embedded platforms. A time-predictable hardware and software co-design architecture design is proposed. The proposed technique is based on floating point operations analysis and is intended to be applied for real-time applications at an early stage of the design, to assist the designer taking the right considerations in choosing the most effective Hardware/Software partitioning. The design analysis is carried out on the MATLAB model of the application, and is demonstrated for a specific voice activation algorithm. A Data Flow Graph (DFG) representation is used to represent the various operational blocks of the chosen algorithm. An efficient decomposition of the design operational blocks into a fixed software processor and alternative extensible hardware components is carefully carried out to find the correct balance between flexibility and performance with respect to power consumption and size, and the demands related to time predictability. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm performs a significant area saving factor of 39% and power consumption reduction of 19%, while applied to voice activation module within the same system constraints.
提出了一种应用于异构嵌入式平台的基于模型的软硬件协同设计方法。提出了一种时间可预测的软硬件协同设计体系结构设计。所提出的技术基于浮点运算分析,旨在在设计的早期阶段应用于实时应用,以帮助设计人员在选择最有效的硬件/软件分区时采取正确的考虑。对该应用的MATLAB模型进行了设计分析,并对具体的语音激活算法进行了论证。数据流图(DFG)表示用于表示所选算法的各种操作块。将设计操作块有效地分解为固定的软件处理器和可扩展的可选硬件组件,以在功耗和大小方面的灵活性和性能以及与时间可预测性相关的需求之间找到正确的平衡。实验结果表明,该算法在相同系统约束条件下应用于语音激活模块时,节省了39%的面积,降低了19%的功耗。
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引用次数: 2
A Bayesian Hierarchical Model for Speech Dereverberation 语音去噪的贝叶斯层次模型
Yaron Laufer, S. Gannot
In this paper, the problem of speech dereverberation in a noiseless scenario is addressed in a hierarchical Bayesian framework. Our probabilistic approach relies on a Gaussian model for the early speech signal combined with a multichannel Gaussian model for the relative early transfer function (RETF). The late reverberation is modelled as a Gaussian additive interference, and the speech and reverberation precisions are modelled with Gamma distribution. We derive a variational Expectation-Maximization (VEM) algorithm which uses a variant of the multichannel Wiener filter (MCWF) to infer the early speech component while suppressing the late reverberation. The proposed algorithm was evaluated using real room impulse responses (RIRs) recorded in our acoustic lab with a reverberation time set to 0.36 s and 0.61 s. It is shown that a significant improvement is obtained with respect to the reverberant signal, and that the proposed algorithm outperforms a baseline algorithm. In terms of channel alignment, a superior channel estimate is demonstrated.
本文在层次贝叶斯框架中解决了无噪声情况下的语音去噪问题。我们的概率方法依赖于早期语音信号的高斯模型和相对早期传递函数(RETF)的多通道高斯模型。将后期混响建模为高斯加性干扰,语音和混响精度采用Gamma分布建模。我们推导了一种变分期望最大化(VEM)算法,该算法使用多通道维纳滤波器(MCWF)的变体来推断早期语音成分,同时抑制后期混响。我们使用声学实验室记录的真实房间脉冲响应(RIRs)进行了评估,混响时间设置为0.36秒和0.61秒。结果表明,该算法对混响信号有明显的改善,并且优于基准算法。在信道对准方面,证明了一种优越的信道估计。
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引用次数: 3
Direct Adaptive Control Using a Neuro-evolutionary Algorithm for Vehicle Speed Control 基于神经进化算法的车辆速度直接自适应控制
Oded Yechiel, G. Israeli, H. Guterman
Developing a control system, that brings a plant to a desired state in finite time, can be a tedious task. In traditional control theory, one must first analytically analyze the plant, take into consideration the uncertainties and finally construct a controller that keeps the plant stable and meet certain design requirements. For many plants, designing a controller is extremely challenging, and existing control theory and practice are unable to cope with the uncertainty and complexity of the plant. Modern control systems are increasingly trying to address the problem of designing controllers using adaptive methods and machine learning techniques, and in fact, classical adaptive control theory has shown marvelous strength when applied to uncertain plants. Indeed, adaptive machine learning techniques such as, adaptive fuzzy logic control, neural networks, reinforcement learning, and, evolutionary algorithms have been an asset in the control system community when applied in practice. These machine learning techniques are able to cope with the uncertainties and nonlinearities of plants. In this paper, a method for developing a direct adaptive control system to tune the gains of a PID controller to control a vehicle’s speed is investigated. This method does not use any a-priori knowledge about the plant. The control system is a two stage process: identification and controller generation. The identification is performed using a neural network, that learns the behavior of the plant and, once trained, allows to run virtual simulation on different controllers. After the neural network is trained, an evolutionary algorithm is used to generate a wide population of controllers, and evaluate the performance of each controller. The evolutionary algorithm runs several generations to achieve good performing controllers. Preliminary results of this approach are shown as a method to generate a speed control for a vehicle in a physics simulation.
开发一个控制系统,使工厂在有限的时间内达到预期的状态,可能是一项乏味的任务。在传统的控制理论中,必须首先对被控对象进行解析分析,考虑其不确定性,最后构造一个使被控对象保持稳定并满足一定设计要求的控制器。对于许多对象来说,设计控制器是一项极具挑战性的工作,现有的控制理论和实践无法应对对象的不确定性和复杂性。现代控制系统越来越多地试图解决使用自适应方法和机器学习技术设计控制器的问题,事实上,经典的自适应控制理论在应用于不确定对象时显示出惊人的力量。事实上,自适应机器学习技术,如自适应模糊逻辑控制、神经网络、强化学习和进化算法,在实际应用时已经成为控制系统社区的资产。这些机器学习技术能够处理植物的不确定性和非线性。本文研究了一种开发直接自适应控制系统的方法,以调整PID控制器的增益来控制车辆的速度。这种方法不使用任何关于植物的先验知识。控制系统是一个两阶段的过程:辨识和控制器生成。识别是通过神经网络来完成的,神经网络可以学习植物的行为,一旦训练好,就可以在不同的控制器上运行虚拟模拟。神经网络训练完成后,采用进化算法生成大量控制器,并对每个控制器的性能进行评估。进化算法运行几代以获得性能良好的控制器。在物理仿真中显示了该方法的初步结果,作为一种生成车辆速度控制的方法。
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引用次数: 0
A Reconfigurable ASIP for 802.11 Packet Detection Algorithm 一种可重构的802.11报文检测算法ASIP
Refael Avez, S. Weiss
With the significant increase of wireless standards in recent years, reconfigurable programmable architectures have started to attract more attention and interest. One of the solutions that has gained more industry-popularity is the Application Specific Instruction-Set (ASIP) Processor, which provides an innovative approach for obtaining flexibility with relatively small increases in area and power. In this article we will present the development of an optimized ASIP that is tailored to the needs of detecting packets based on the 802.11 standard, and uses a retargetable compilation flow. We will present several optimizations that can be used to optimize both the algorithm and the processor model. These enhancements increase the performance by a factor of 20 and decrease significantly the power consumption relative to a 16bit general purpose processor model. While the proposed configurable ASIP was applied to multiple packet detection standards based on OFDM or DSSS modulations such as 802.11a/g/n and 802.11b/1997 respectively, it was verified on an ODFM 802.11a/g/n system. Most of our analysis focuses on OFDM systems, however, it also applies to DSSS systems. In addition, we present a comparison between the proposed ASIP and a dedicated hardware solution over ASIC in terms of performance power and area.
近年来,随着无线标准的显著增加,可重构可编程架构开始引起越来越多的关注和兴趣。应用特定指令集(Application Specific Instruction-Set, ASIP)处理器是在业界获得更多知名度的解决方案之一,它提供了一种创新的方法,可以在相对较小的面积和功耗增加的情况下获得灵活性。在本文中,我们将介绍一个优化的ASIP的开发,该ASIP是针对基于802.11标准检测数据包的需求量身定制的,并使用可重新定位的编译流。我们将介绍几个可用于优化算法和处理器模型的优化。与16位通用处理器模型相比,这些增强功能将性能提高了20倍,并显著降低了功耗。提出的可配置ASIP分别应用于基于OFDM或DSSS调制的多种分组检测标准,如802.11a/g/n和802.11b/1997,并在ODFM 802.11a/g/n系统上进行了验证。我们的大部分分析都集中在OFDM系统上,然而,它也适用于DSSS系统。此外,我们在性能、功耗和面积方面比较了所提出的ASIP和专用硬件解决方案。
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引用次数: 2
Coding for Noncausal Tracking 为非因果跟踪编码
Robert Graczyk, A. Lapidoth
A source generates a random sequence that is then described to a controller who wishes to employ feedback control on a given finite-state system in order for its output to closely resemble the sequence. The tension between the best achievable expected fidelity and the description length is studied in the asymptotic regime where the length of the sequence tends to infinity, with the description rate held fixed. The solution is the source-coding dual of coding for channels with states.
源生成一个随机序列,然后将其描述给控制器,控制器希望对给定的有限状态系统采用反馈控制,以使其输出与序列非常相似。研究了在序列长度趋于无穷大且描述速率保持不变的渐近状态下,最佳期望保真度与描述长度之间的关系。解决方案是对具有状态的信道进行编码的源编码对偶。
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引用次数: 0
Bloch Oscillations of Electrons Dressed with Photons: Theory and Potential Applications in Nanoelectronics 带光子的电子的布洛赫振荡:理论及其在纳米电子学中的潜在应用
I. Levie, G. Slepyan
we present a model of a one-dimensional chain of two-level artificial atoms driven simultaneously with a dc field and a quantum light in the strong coupling regime. It is shown that the entanglement of the electron and photon (dressing of the atoms with light) dramatically changes the scenario of the Bloch oscillations (BO) compared with standard solution of the Bloch-Zener model. We considered the mutual influence of dressing and BO and show that the quantum properties of light become controllable via an adiabatic dc field tuning. The obtained results open new ways in quantum state engineering, nano-photonic spectroscopy and nano-antennas.
我们提出了在强耦合状态下由直流场和量子光同时驱动的二能级人工原子一维链模型。结果表明,与布洛赫-齐纳模型的标准溶液相比,电子和光子的纠缠(原子被光修饰)极大地改变了布洛赫振荡(BO)的情况。我们考虑了修饰和BO的相互影响,并表明光的量子特性通过绝热直流场调谐变得可控。所得结果在量子态工程、纳米光子光谱和纳米天线等领域开辟了新的途径。
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引用次数: 1
Solving the Capacitated Open Vehicle Routing Problem Algorithm, Based on Probability Distribution Modelling of Saving Matrix 基于保存矩阵概率分布建模的有容开放车辆路径问题求解算法
Uri Lipowezky, Boris Korenfeld, I. Ideses
Same day last-mile parcels delivery services are recently gaining a great deal of attention in the transportation science community. In the Tel Aviv metropolitan area, smart mobility companies provide delivery services for small parcels using scooter fleets. Scooter couriers deliver the parcels from the local post offices to the final customers. Since a scooter has a limited capacity and is paid with respect to the total travelling distance, the problem can be formulated as a Capacitated Open Vehicle Routing Problem (COVRP). The proposed approach is based on the high sparseness of the Clarke-Wright (CW) saving matrix for COVRP in case of parcels delivery from post offices. In this case the CW algorithm can be separated to construction of all feasible Hamiltonian paths at the first phase and its optimal combination by solving maximal weight clique problem (MWCP) at the second phase. Computational results show that the proposed algorithm is competitive, improves known benchmark results on some instances and saves 40–80% of delivery cost in the Tel Aviv metropolitan area.
当天最后一英里包裹递送服务最近在运输科学界引起了极大的关注。在特拉维夫市区,智能移动公司使用踏板车车队为小包裹提供配送服务。摩托车快递员将包裹从当地邮局送到最终客户手中。由于踏板车的通行能力有限,且按行驶总距离付费,因此可以将该问题表述为有能力开放车辆路径问题(COVRP)。提出的方法是基于高稀疏的克拉克-赖特(CW)保存矩阵的COVRP的情况下,包裹从邮局交付。在这种情况下,连续波算法可以分解为在第一阶段构造所有可行的哈密顿路径,并在第二阶段通过求解最大权团问题(MWCP)将其最优组合。计算结果表明,该算法具有一定的竞争力,在某些情况下改进了已知的基准测试结果,在特拉维夫大都市区节省了40-80%的配送成本。
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引用次数: 2
ARPM: Additive, Retentive Penalty Method for Multidimensional NILM Algorithms 多维NILM算法的加性、保留惩罚法
Mattan Serry, David Sriker, Avi Caciularu, R. Machlev, Y. Beck, D. Raz
Nonintrusive load monitoring (NILM) algorithms may suggest different approaches for solving the NILM problem: the disintegrating of total power consumption to the discrete appliances comprising it. All of these algorithms incorporate some cost function to discriminate between the possible options at each sample time. For the estimation process of such algorithms, and the selection of the most likely possibility, we propose a new formulation of a family of cost functions, on the set of the possible assertions per each appliance. The proposed design, abbreviated ARPM (Additive, Retentive Penalty Method), emphasizes two major properties that were discovered to be significant when performing real-time estimation in a NILM system. The first is a granular calculation of Hamming distances between possibilities, and the second is the processing of the changes in the measured power consumption, rather than the consumption value itself. This design consists of a low number of free parameters, and can be integrated additively and seamlessly with existing cost functions already embedded in NILM systems. It had been evaluated with a series of experiments and proven to enhance the success rate by all measured criteria and on various datasets, with no parameter adjustments.
非侵入式负荷监测(NILM)算法可能提出解决NILM问题的不同方法:将总功耗分解为组成它的离散设备。所有这些算法都包含一些成本函数来区分每个样本时间的可能选项。对于这种算法的估计过程,以及最可能可能性的选择,我们提出了一种新的成本函数族公式,该公式基于每个设备的可能断言集。提出的设计,缩写为ARPM (Additive, retention Penalty Method),强调在NILM系统中执行实时估计时发现的两个重要特性。第一种方法是对可能性之间的汉明距离进行细粒度计算,第二种方法是对测量功率消耗的变化进行处理,而不是消耗值本身。该设计由少量自由参数组成,并且可以与已经嵌入NILM系统中的现有成本函数进行加性无缝集成。通过一系列实验对其进行了评估,并证明在没有参数调整的情况下,通过所有测量标准和各种数据集提高了成功率。
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引用次数: 1
Active Power Filter Applications: State of the Art 有源电力滤波器应用:最新进展
Y. Mogilevsky, M. Mellincovsky
This paper presents the basic concepts regarding active power filters. An active filter generates a compensating signal that mitigates the harmonics, thus improving the power quality of the grid. Some of the most recent applications of these filters in several fields of electrical engineering are depicted. And a practical example is shown.
本文介绍了有源电力滤波器的基本概念。有源滤波器产生补偿信号,减轻谐波,从而改善电网的电能质量。描述了这些滤波器在几个电气工程领域的一些最新应用。并给出了一个实例。
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引用次数: 1
Detection of Data Injection Attacks on Decentralized Statistical Estimation 基于分散统计估计的数据注入攻击检测
O. Shalom, Amir Leshem, A. Scaglione, A. Nedić
This paper describes a distributed statistical estimation problem, corresponding to a network of agents. The network may be vulnerable to data injection attacks, in which the attackers’ main goal is to steer the network’s final state to a state of their choice. We show that the detection metric of the straightforward attack scheme proposed by Wu et. at in [1], is vulnerable to a more sophisticated attack. To overcome this attack we propose a novel metric that can be computed locally by each agent to detect the presence of an attacker in the network, as well as a metric that localizes the attackers in the network. We conclude the paper with simulations supporting our findings.
本文描述了一个分布式统计估计问题,该问题对应于一个智能体网络。网络可能容易受到数据注入攻击,攻击者的主要目标是将网络的最终状态引导到他们选择的状态。我们证明了Wu等人在[1]中提出的直接攻击方案的检测指标容易受到更复杂的攻击。为了克服这种攻击,我们提出了一种新的度量,可以由每个代理在本地计算以检测网络中攻击者的存在,以及一种将网络中的攻击者定位的度量。最后,我们用模拟来支持我们的发现。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
2018 IEEE International Conference on the Science of Electrical Engineering in Israel (ICSEE)
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