AUXTHAl'T. An experiment was performed for estimation of turbidity over Jeddah during Spring (March, April and May 1993). The measurements include direct. diffuse and global radiation. on clear days. The data are also incorporated ill a radiation model for estimation of different components a t'solar radiation over Jeddah, The results showed thai the turbidity and consequently the amount of aerosols in the atmosphere was maximum in April. This was accompanied by a strong south to southwest wind. The coefficient of turbidity (/f) reached (0. 9) on 6 April. a very turbid dUY . On this day. the wave length exponent ( IX) approached zero. The diurnal variation of the turbidity showed an increase started at noon and extended all afternoon The average Spring turbidity in Jedduh is (0.18). The results of the model indicate that rbe average percentage difference between the measured and the calculated direct. diffuse and global radialion are 8%. 15% and 5% respectively. The model used was successful. with an over all precision for direct and global radiation of 10% for Jeddah, This gives confidence that this model probably with some improvements. can be used for estimating global radiation over Jcddah on clear days when measurements of this parameters are not available.
{"title":"Estimation of Turbidity and Global Radiation over Jeddah in Spring@@@تقدير العكارية وإشعاع القبة السماوية فوق مدينة جدة في فصل الربيع","authors":"M. Abdullah, M. Ben-Afeef, J. Almahmoudi","doi":"10.4197/MET.7-1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/MET.7-1.6","url":null,"abstract":"AUXTHAl'T. An experiment was performed for estimation of turbidity over Jeddah during Spring (March, April and May 1993). The measurements include direct. diffuse and global radiation. on clear days. The data are also incorporated ill a radiation model for estimation of different components a t'solar radiation over Jeddah, The results showed thai the turbidity and consequently the amount of aerosols in the atmosphere was maximum in April. This was accompanied by a strong south to southwest wind. The coefficient of turbidity (/f) reached (0. 9) on 6 April. a very turbid dUY . On this day. the wave length exponent ( IX) approached zero. The diurnal variation of the turbidity showed an increase started at noon and extended all afternoon The average Spring turbidity in Jedduh is (0.18). The results of the model indicate that rbe average percentage difference between the measured and the calculated direct. diffuse and global radialion are 8%. 15% and 5% respectively. The model used was successful. with an over all precision for direct and global radiation of 10% for Jeddah, This gives confidence that this model probably with some improvements. can be used for estimating global radiation over Jcddah on clear days when measurements of this parameters are not available.","PeriodicalId":254766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122848779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Faunistic Composition of Insecta and Araneida on Calotropis procera (Ait) Ait. in Different Ecological Localities in Western Saudi Arabia@@@مكونات الفونا الحشرية والعنكبوتية على نبات العشر Calotropis procera (Ait) Ait. في مواقع بيئية مختلفة في المنطقة الغربية ، المملكة العربية السعودية","authors":"Khalid Al-Ghamdi, A. Faragalla, A. Hajar","doi":"10.4197/MET.8-1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/MET.8-1.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":254766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124777278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Physical and Chemical Changes During Fruit Development of Opuntia ficus-indica from Fruit Set till Ripening@@@التغيرات الطبيعية والكيميائية خلال نمو وتطور ثمرة التين الشوكي من العقد وحتى النضج","authors":"S. El-Agamy, M. Shaheen, S. Ben-Lagdam","doi":"10.4197/MET.6-1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/MET.6-1.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":254766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123904120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Five sunflowes cultivars, viz.. Hemus, Armata, DKS-37l, Aia and Yimimilk were evaluated for growth and dry mailer accumulation in a plastic house in Al-Bahaarea in the winter of 1988. Data taken on total (TOW). culm (COW), leaf (LOW) and head (HOW) dry weights and on LAI al seven sam pling dates extending from 25 to 115 days from planting (dfp) revealed high significant differences (P:S; 0.01) among sampling dates. Differences among cultivars were significant for TOW and LOW at 85 dfp and for COW at both 85 and 100 dfp. Differencesin HOW and LAI at each sampling date were non significant. On the average, estimates of 864.6.315.3.245.5 and 273.7 g m- 2 and of 3.108 m 2 m- 2 , for the respective traits, were recorded for the five culti vars at the final harvesting dale (115 dfp)..Contributions of LDW and CDW and HOW to TOWduring the growing season ranged from 28.3-76.1. 18.3-50.7. and 3.2-31.7%, respectively. Estimates in the ranges of 2.25-17.05 g m-2 day·I, 20.5-80.0 mg g-I day-I, 4.16-7.63 g m-2 day-I. 42.7-200 cm2 s:'. 140.3-272.9 cm2 g-I and 0.315-0.744 g g-I, among the cultivars, indicating high significant differences among sampling dates, were recorded, respective Iy, for CGR, RGR, NAR, LAR, SLA and LWR during the growing season.
{"title":"Growth Analysis in Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) under Semi-Controlled Conditions@@@تحليل النمو في زهرة الشمس تحت ظروف بيئة شبه محكمة","authors":"H. Osman, Salih Samarraei, Gamil Beshia","doi":"10.4197/MET.7-1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/MET.7-1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Five sunflowes cultivars, viz.. Hemus, Armata, DKS-37l, Aia and Yimimilk were evaluated for growth and dry mailer accumulation in a plastic house in Al-Bahaarea in the winter of 1988. Data taken on total (TOW). culm (COW), leaf (LOW) and head (HOW) dry weights and on LAI al seven sam pling dates extending from 25 to 115 days from planting (dfp) revealed high significant differences (P:S; 0.01) among sampling dates. Differences among cultivars were significant for TOW and LOW at 85 dfp and for COW at both 85 and 100 dfp. Differencesin HOW and LAI at each sampling date were non significant. On the average, estimates of 864.6.315.3.245.5 and 273.7 g m- 2 and of 3.108 m 2 m- 2 , for the respective traits, were recorded for the five culti vars at the final harvesting dale (115 dfp)..Contributions of LDW and CDW and HOW to TOWduring the growing season ranged from 28.3-76.1. 18.3-50.7. and 3.2-31.7%, respectively. Estimates in the ranges of 2.25-17.05 g m-2 day·I, 20.5-80.0 mg g-I day-I, 4.16-7.63 g m-2 day-I. 42.7-200 cm2 s:'. 140.3-272.9 cm2 g-I and 0.315-0.744 g g-I, among the cultivars, indicating high significant differences among sampling dates, were recorded, respective Iy, for CGR, RGR, NAR, LAR, SLA and LWR during the growing season.","PeriodicalId":254766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114106705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identifying the Permanent and Temporary Sources of Sand and Dust over Saudi Arabia Using TOMS Satellites Data@@@تحديد المصادر المستديمة والمؤقتة للرمال والأتربة المثارة فوق المملكة العربية السعودية، باستخدام بيانات الأقمار الصناعية، تومس","authors":"Adel M. Awad, A. Mashat","doi":"10.4197/MET.22-1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/MET.22-1.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":254766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114330819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A BSTRACT . This study was intended to investigate the possibility of using an alternative material to substitute wood flacks (aspen wood) to improve the efficiency of evaporative cooler. The alternative material was supposed to be economically competitive and gives the best cooling efficiency. The materials used in the present investigation were Celdek paper and Luffa sponge (Luffa aegyptiaca). Celdek paper gave a cooling efficiency of 76% accompanied with an air flow rate of 1.73 m 3 /s and a mean heat transfer flow of 22.83 KJ/s. Results showed that the pressed luffa sponge of 175 mg/cm 3 density and 2x3x3cm dimensions was the most appropriate material to substitute the wood flacks. This material gave a cooling efficiency of 96% accompanied with an air flow rate of 1.01 m 3 /s, and a mean heat transfer flow of 17.72 KJ/s.
{"title":"Using Alternative Materials to Wood Flacks to improve the Efficiency of Evaporative Cooler@@@استخدام مواد بديلة لرقائق الخشب ( القش ) تزيد من كفاءة المكيف الصحراوي","authors":"A. Mashat, Ahmed Makkey, T. Habeebullah","doi":"10.4197/met.16-2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/met.16-2.10","url":null,"abstract":"A BSTRACT . This study was intended to investigate the possibility of using an alternative material to substitute wood flacks (aspen wood) to improve the efficiency of evaporative cooler. The alternative material was supposed to be economically competitive and gives the best cooling efficiency. The materials used in the present investigation were Celdek paper and Luffa sponge (Luffa aegyptiaca). Celdek paper gave a cooling efficiency of 76% accompanied with an air flow rate of 1.73 m 3 /s and a mean heat transfer flow of 22.83 KJ/s. Results showed that the pressed luffa sponge of 175 mg/cm 3 density and 2x3x3cm dimensions was the most appropriate material to substitute the wood flacks. This material gave a cooling efficiency of 96% accompanied with an air flow rate of 1.01 m 3 /s, and a mean heat transfer flow of 17.72 KJ/s.","PeriodicalId":254766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121717366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Feeding Palm Fronds Treated or Not Treated with Urea on some Histological Changes in Liver and Kidneys of Harry Rams@@@تأثير استخدام سعف النخل غير المعامل ، والمعامل ياليوريا على بعض التغيرات الهستولوجية للكبد والكلى في كباش الأغنام الحري","authors":"S. Nagadi, S. Shaker, H. El-Sobhy, Y. El-Maroai","doi":"10.4197/MET.18-2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/MET.18-2.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":254766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences","volume":"14 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131722971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Potassium Sulfate Fertilization on Vegetative Growth, Yield, Fruit Quality and Leaf Mineral Composition of Some Pomegranate Cultivars@@@تأثير التسميد بكبريتات البوتاسيوم على النمو الخضري والمحصول، وجودة الثمار، والمحتوى المعدني للأوراق في بعض أصناف الرمان","authors":"R. Al-Obeed","doi":"10.4197/MET.12-1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/MET.12-1.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":254766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132603998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Subsurface is heterogeneous in its structure. Its hetero- geneity makes predictions very complicated. Recently, researchers have developed techniques to incorporate heterogeneity on models to be able to quantify the heterogeneity and to study its effect on engineering structures. Numerical experiments were designed, through the development of a computer code called "FLOW2AIN", to simulate groundwater flow to Ains (Qanats) in a heterogeneous subsurface. The purpose of these experiments is to quantify the effect of uncertainty in the local heterogeneity around the Ain on the flow field and the expected flux of water infiltrated to the Ain from the ambient groundwater. The numerical experiments discuss the influence of the degree of heterogeneity on the expected seepage discharge towards the Ain and its uncertainty due to heterogeneity of the subsurface.
{"title":"Estimation of Uncertainty in the Flow Field around Underground Ains (Qanats) Using Monte-Carlo Method","authors":"A. Elfeki","doi":"10.4197/MET.21-2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/MET.21-2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Subsurface is heterogeneous in its structure. Its hetero- geneity makes predictions very complicated. Recently, researchers have developed techniques to incorporate heterogeneity on models to be able to quantify the heterogeneity and to study its effect on engineering structures. Numerical experiments were designed, through the development of a computer code called \"FLOW2AIN\", to simulate groundwater flow to Ains (Qanats) in a heterogeneous subsurface. The purpose of these experiments is to quantify the effect of uncertainty in the local heterogeneity around the Ain on the flow field and the expected flux of water infiltrated to the Ain from the ambient groundwater. The numerical experiments discuss the influence of the degree of heterogeneity on the expected seepage discharge towards the Ain and its uncertainty due to heterogeneity of the subsurface.","PeriodicalId":254766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127845597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Participatory rural appraisal in integrated management of grape pests implementation in Sana'a basin, Yemen.","authors":"H. Mahdi, Khaled Haroon, M. Mahyoub, M. Naman","doi":"10.4197/MET.21-2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/MET.21-2.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":254766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Abdulaziz University-meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115035806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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