Pub Date : 2024-05-06DOI: 10.33830/manilkara.v2i2.7630.2024
S. Suryani, Edwar Edwar
Fungi are microorganisms that live heterotrophically, are saprophytic, and parasitic. Fungi can be grown in-vitro or in-vivo in the laboratory using Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media. The limited availability of PDA can be overcome by looking for new alternative media derived from materials that are easily obtained based on the potential of natural resources in the immediate environment. The research aims to test avocado fruit as an alternative medium for the growth of Fusarium sp. The research used descriptive exploratory methods and the data were presented in the form of tables, graphs, and figures. The results showed that the growth of Fusarium sp. fungi in avocado fruit media (ripe and unripe avocado fruit media) had better growth than the control. This is characterized by the average diameter of colony growth reaching 93 mm at 96-120 hours after incubation, while on PDA media the average diameter of colony growth reaches 93 mm at 168 hours after incubation. In conclusion, avocado fruit media (Persea americana Mill.) can be used as an alternative media for the growth of Fusarium sp.
{"title":"Potensi Buah Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) sebagai Media Alternatif Pertumbuhan Jamur Fusarium sp.","authors":"S. Suryani, Edwar Edwar","doi":"10.33830/manilkara.v2i2.7630.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33830/manilkara.v2i2.7630.2024","url":null,"abstract":"Fungi are microorganisms that live heterotrophically, are saprophytic, and parasitic. Fungi can be grown in-vitro or in-vivo in the laboratory using Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media. The limited availability of PDA can be overcome by looking for new alternative media derived from materials that are easily obtained based on the potential of natural resources in the immediate environment. The research aims to test avocado fruit as an alternative medium for the growth of Fusarium sp. The research used descriptive exploratory methods and the data were presented in the form of tables, graphs, and figures. The results showed that the growth of Fusarium sp. fungi in avocado fruit media (ripe and unripe avocado fruit media) had better growth than the control. This is characterized by the average diameter of colony growth reaching 93 mm at 96-120 hours after incubation, while on PDA media the average diameter of colony growth reaches 93 mm at 168 hours after incubation. In conclusion, avocado fruit media (Persea americana Mill.) can be used as an alternative media for the growth of Fusarium sp.","PeriodicalId":254821,"journal":{"name":"MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience","volume":"28 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141008414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-22DOI: 10.33830/manilkara.v2i2.7668.2024
N. Lestari
Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria is one of the dangerous pathogens in vaname shrimp farming (Litopenaeus vannamei). Infection with this bacterium can cause mass mortality in shrimp and considerable losses for farmers. This bacterium also has a specific gene, the toxR gene, which is used to detect its presence. The successful detection of this bacterium determines the success of handling the disease it causes. The purpose of the study was to determine the optimal DNA isolation method in detecting the toxR gene of Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria in vaname shrimp. The research was conducted by means of molecular biology-based identification using two DNA isolation protocols, namely Chloroform and Boilling lysis buffer. Visualization results showed that toxR gene DNA appeared in samples isolated with Boiling Lysis Buffer in Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB) media culture preparation. This means that the boiling lysis buffer method is a suitable DNA isolation method for detecting the toxR gene of the Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria in white shrimp.
副溶血性弧菌是凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）养殖中的危险病原体之一。感染这种细菌会导致对虾大量死亡，给养殖户造成巨大损失。这种细菌也有一种特殊的基因，即 toxR 基因，用于检测它的存在。能否成功检测到这种细菌，决定了能否成功处理它引起的疾病。本研究的目的是确定检测凡纳滨对虾中副溶血性弧菌毒素 R 基因的最佳 DNA 分离方法。研究采用了基于分子生物学的鉴定方法，使用了两种 DNA 分离方案，即氯仿和波林裂解缓冲液。可视化结果显示，在胰蛋白酶大豆肉汤（TSB）培养基培养制备过程中，用沸腾裂解缓冲液分离出的样本中出现了毒素R基因DNA。这说明沸腾裂解缓冲液法是检测南美白对虾副溶血性弧菌毒素R基因的一种合适的DNA分离方法。
{"title":"Komparasi Metode Isolasi DNA dalam Mendeteksi Gen toxR Bakteri Vibrio parahaemolyticus pada Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei)","authors":"N. Lestari","doi":"10.33830/manilkara.v2i2.7668.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33830/manilkara.v2i2.7668.2024","url":null,"abstract":"Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria is one of the dangerous pathogens in vaname shrimp farming (Litopenaeus vannamei). Infection with this bacterium can cause mass mortality in shrimp and considerable losses for farmers. This bacterium also has a specific gene, the toxR gene, which is used to detect its presence. The successful detection of this bacterium determines the success of handling the disease it causes. The purpose of the study was to determine the optimal DNA isolation method in detecting the toxR gene of Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria in vaname shrimp. The research was conducted by means of molecular biology-based identification using two DNA isolation protocols, namely Chloroform and Boilling lysis buffer. Visualization results showed that toxR gene DNA appeared in samples isolated with Boiling Lysis Buffer in Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB) media culture preparation. This means that the boiling lysis buffer method is a suitable DNA isolation method for detecting the toxR gene of the Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria in white shrimp.","PeriodicalId":254821,"journal":{"name":"MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience","volume":"8 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140674043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.33830/manilkara.v2i2.7573.2024
Herlina, Yuyu Suryasari Poerba, Tri Handayani, Fajar Ahmad, Diyah Martanti
In Indonesia, banana plants are known to have high genetic diversity, both cultivated and wild bananas. Banana plants are naturally known to have several levels of ploidy, namely diploid, triploid, and tetraploid. This study aims to identify the level of ploidy in banana plants explored in Central Java. The research method used flow cytometer, which analyzes the size of the plant genome, thus providing an overview of the level of ploidy and genetic diversity in banana plant populations. The research samples were banana plant leaves from various exploration locations in Central Java. The identification results show that of the 30 banana plant leaf samples that were successfully analyzed, it is known that the largest number of samples from banana plants that have triploid ploidy level (2n = 3x), namely 15 numbers, diploid ploidy level (2n = 2x) as many as 14 numbers, and found 1 cultivated banana with tetraploid ploidy level (2n = 4x). The results of ploidy level identification can provide guidance for researchers and plant breeders in selecting the right genotype for the development of superior varieties.
{"title":"Identifikasi Tingkat Ploidi Tanaman Pisang Menggunakan Flow Cytometer di Jawa Tengah","authors":"Herlina, Yuyu Suryasari Poerba, Tri Handayani, Fajar Ahmad, Diyah Martanti","doi":"10.33830/manilkara.v2i2.7573.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33830/manilkara.v2i2.7573.2024","url":null,"abstract":"In Indonesia, banana plants are known to have high genetic diversity, both cultivated and wild bananas. Banana plants are naturally known to have several levels of ploidy, namely diploid, triploid, and tetraploid. This study aims to identify the level of ploidy in banana plants explored in Central Java. The research method used flow cytometer, which analyzes the size of the plant genome, thus providing an overview of the level of ploidy and genetic diversity in banana plant populations. The research samples were banana plant leaves from various exploration locations in Central Java. The identification results show that of the 30 banana plant leaf samples that were successfully analyzed, it is known that the largest number of samples from banana plants that have triploid ploidy level (2n = 3x), namely 15 numbers, diploid ploidy level (2n = 2x) as many as 14 numbers, and found 1 cultivated banana with tetraploid ploidy level (2n = 4x). The results of ploidy level identification can provide guidance for researchers and plant breeders in selecting the right genotype for the development of superior varieties.","PeriodicalId":254821,"journal":{"name":"MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience","volume":"82 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140421395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.33830/manilkara.v2i2.7516.2024
Anne Kusumawaty, Putu Gede P. Damayanto
Bamboo is reported to have many benefits, including as handicraft material, fishing, building materials, household appliances, furniture, food containers, medicines, vegetable materials, and firewood. In Indonesia, bamboo species richness is quite high with 175 bamboo species that can be found spread from Java to Papua. Research information on Bambusa species data in the Kalimantan region is relatively scarce and invalid. The research aims to provide data on the diversity of Bambusa species in Kalimantan. The research method was carried out descriptively by observing morphological characters from herbarium specimens and digital herbarium. Data were collected from herbarium specimens of bamboo genus Bambusa collected from Kalimantan and digital specimen data stored in online database portals, such as GBIF and Bioportal. All specimens were re-identified and their names validated. The results showed that there are five species of Bambusa in Kalimantan, namely Bambusa glaucophylla Widjaja, B. multiplex (Lour.) Raeusch. ex Schult.f., B. spinosa Roxb., B. tuldoides Munro, and B. vulgaris Schrad. The presentation is complemented by identification keys and explanations.
{"title":"Diversity of Bambusa Species (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) in Kalimantan, Indonesia","authors":"Anne Kusumawaty, Putu Gede P. Damayanto","doi":"10.33830/manilkara.v2i2.7516.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33830/manilkara.v2i2.7516.2024","url":null,"abstract":"Bamboo is reported to have many benefits, including as handicraft material, fishing, building materials, household appliances, furniture, food containers, medicines, vegetable materials, and firewood. In Indonesia, bamboo species richness is quite high with 175 bamboo species that can be found spread from Java to Papua. Research information on Bambusa species data in the Kalimantan region is relatively scarce and invalid. The research aims to provide data on the diversity of Bambusa species in Kalimantan. The research method was carried out descriptively by observing morphological characters from herbarium specimens and digital herbarium. Data were collected from herbarium specimens of bamboo genus Bambusa collected from Kalimantan and digital specimen data stored in online database portals, such as GBIF and Bioportal. All specimens were re-identified and their names validated. The results showed that there are five species of Bambusa in Kalimantan, namely Bambusa glaucophylla Widjaja, B. multiplex (Lour.) Raeusch. ex Schult.f., B. spinosa Roxb., B. tuldoides Munro, and B. vulgaris Schrad. The presentation is complemented by identification keys and explanations.","PeriodicalId":254821,"journal":{"name":"MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience","volume":"57 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140430772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.33830/manilkara.v2i1.6076.2023
Rina Rachmatiyah, Pungki Lupiyaningdyah
Dragonfly (Odonata) specimens that have been collected for 76 years (1929-2005) by the Bogor Botanical Gardens (BBG) and kept at the Zoologicum Bogoriense Museum (ZBM) are interesting to study because quite a number of these specimens have not been identified at the species taxon level. The research objective was to record and identify dragonfly species that once lived and were found flying in the BBG area and have become ZBM specimen collections. The research method used is by sorting, grouping, and identifying specimen collections. The identification results of dragonfly specimen collection showed that there were 1,357 specimens consisting of 7 families and 25 species. The most collected family was Libellulidae. The most collected species was Agriocnemis femina (311 specimens), followed by Crocothemis servilia (245 specimens), and Brachythemis contaminata (217 specimens). The year 1995 was the year with the highest number of specimens collected at 1,137 specimens. Garuda Park Pond, Building 9 Pond, Palace Pond, and inside the botanical garden area were the locations with the most dragonfly encounters.
{"title":"Dragonfly (Odonata) Specimens Collection of Bogor Botanical Garden","authors":"Rina Rachmatiyah, Pungki Lupiyaningdyah","doi":"10.33830/manilkara.v2i1.6076.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33830/manilkara.v2i1.6076.2023","url":null,"abstract":"Dragonfly (Odonata) specimens that have been collected for 76 years (1929-2005) by the Bogor Botanical Gardens (BBG) and kept at the Zoologicum Bogoriense Museum (ZBM) are interesting to study because quite a number of these specimens have not been identified at the species taxon level. The research objective was to record and identify dragonfly species that once lived and were found flying in the BBG area and have become ZBM specimen collections. The research method used is by sorting, grouping, and identifying specimen collections. The identification results of dragonfly specimen collection showed that there were 1,357 specimens consisting of 7 families and 25 species. The most collected family was Libellulidae. The most collected species was Agriocnemis femina (311 specimens), followed by Crocothemis servilia (245 specimens), and Brachythemis contaminata (217 specimens). The year 1995 was the year with the highest number of specimens collected at 1,137 specimens. Garuda Park Pond, Building 9 Pond, Palace Pond, and inside the botanical garden area were the locations with the most dragonfly encounters.","PeriodicalId":254821,"journal":{"name":"MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122053386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-12DOI: 10.33830/manilkara.v2i1.4615.2023
Rema Marninda
Di alam liar burung bondol Jawa (Lonchura leucogastroides) dikenal sebagai hama bagi para petani karena seringnya memakan bulir dan biji padi yang sedang tumbuh di sawah. Pada kondisi burung bondol dipelihara di alam bebas hingga menjadi jinak, diprediksi perubahan jenis makanan yang dikonsumsi akan berpengaruh terhadap warna pada bulu-bulu yang tumbuh di bagian tubuhnya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengamati dan mendiskripsikan perubahan warna yang terjadi pada bulu-bulu burung bondol karena jenis makanan yang dikonsumsi berupa milet. Metode penelitian dilakukan secara kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian milet sebagai makanan burung bondol Jawa berdampak pada terjadinya perubahan warna bulu (melanisme) pada bagian perut menjadi hitam kecoklatan. Padahal, umumnya di bagian perut tersebut berwarna putih.
{"title":"Pengaruh Makanan terhadap Melanisme Bulu pada Bagian Perut Burung Bondol Jawa (Lonchura Leucogastroides)","authors":"Rema Marninda","doi":"10.33830/manilkara.v2i1.4615.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33830/manilkara.v2i1.4615.2023","url":null,"abstract":"Di alam liar burung bondol Jawa (Lonchura leucogastroides) dikenal sebagai hama bagi para petani karena seringnya memakan bulir dan biji padi yang sedang tumbuh di sawah. Pada kondisi burung bondol dipelihara di alam bebas hingga menjadi jinak, diprediksi perubahan jenis makanan yang dikonsumsi akan berpengaruh terhadap warna pada bulu-bulu yang tumbuh di bagian tubuhnya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengamati dan mendiskripsikan perubahan warna yang terjadi pada bulu-bulu burung bondol karena jenis makanan yang dikonsumsi berupa milet. Metode penelitian dilakukan secara kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian milet sebagai makanan burung bondol Jawa berdampak pada terjadinya perubahan warna bulu (melanisme) pada bagian perut menjadi hitam kecoklatan. Padahal, umumnya di bagian perut tersebut berwarna putih.","PeriodicalId":254821,"journal":{"name":"MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130922044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-04DOI: 10.33830/manilkara.v1i2.4442.2023
Nur Eka Wiraditya
Formalin fixation and paraffin embedding (FFPE) merupakan salah satu metode penyimpananrsip sampel dalam jangka waktu bertahun-tahun. Penyimpanan sampel dalam jangka waktu yang lama memungkinkan terjadinya penurunan kualitas RNA pada sampel. Penelitian iniengetahui perbedaan konsentrasi RNA pada arsip sampel 2019 dan 2020 dengan satuan ng/L. Penelitian menggunakan sampel yang diambil dari arsip FFPE Rumah Sakit (RS) X sebanyak 20 sampel. Rincian sampel adalah 10 (sepuluh) sampel pada tahun 2019 dan 10 (sepuluh) sampel pada tahun 2020. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2021 di laboratorium Patologi Anatomik FK-KMK UGM. Penelitian ini menunjukkan dampak signifikan terhadap lama penyimpanan arsip sampel FFPE ditunjukkan dengan penurunan konsentrasi RNA antara tahun 2019 dan 2020 dengan perbedaan konsentrasi rata-rata 12,3 ng/L.
{"title":"Dampak Lama Penyimpanan Arsip Sampel Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) dengan Konsentrasi Ribonucleid acid (RNA) yang Diekstraksi Menggunakan Kit Komersial","authors":"Nur Eka Wiraditya","doi":"10.33830/manilkara.v1i2.4442.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33830/manilkara.v1i2.4442.2023","url":null,"abstract":"Formalin fixation and paraffin embedding (FFPE) merupakan salah satu metode penyimpananrsip sampel dalam jangka waktu bertahun-tahun. Penyimpanan sampel dalam jangka waktu yang lama memungkinkan terjadinya penurunan kualitas RNA pada sampel. Penelitian iniengetahui perbedaan konsentrasi RNA pada arsip sampel 2019 dan 2020 dengan satuan ng/L. Penelitian menggunakan sampel yang diambil dari arsip FFPE Rumah Sakit (RS) X sebanyak 20 sampel. Rincian sampel adalah 10 (sepuluh) sampel pada tahun 2019 dan 10 (sepuluh) sampel pada tahun 2020. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2021 di laboratorium Patologi Anatomik FK-KMK UGM. Penelitian ini menunjukkan dampak signifikan terhadap lama penyimpanan arsip sampel FFPE ditunjukkan dengan penurunan konsentrasi RNA antara tahun 2019 dan 2020 dengan perbedaan konsentrasi rata-rata 12,3 ng/L.","PeriodicalId":254821,"journal":{"name":"MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125634541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-04DOI: 10.33830/manilkara.v1i2.5036.2023
Moh Sukron Makmum
Kekhawatiran dan kerentanan akan terjadinya kerusakan eksosistem di Cagar Alam Pulau Sempu (CAPS), Kabupaten Malang oleh aktivitas manusia dapat berdampak pada kelangsungan kehidupan dan penurunan populasi satwa liar. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menghitung kekayaan spesies dan frekuensi perjumpaan spesies satwa liar dengan menggunakan kamera jebak di kawasan CAPS. Metodologi menggunakan penghitungan bukti rekaman foto digital kamera jebak. Satwa liar yang tertangkap pada kamera jebak dihitung berdasarkan jumlah foto, jumlah spesies, dan jumlah hari aktif kamera. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kekayaan satwa liar yang teridentifikasi sebanyak 15 spesies, yaitu Muntiacus muntjak (Cervidae), Macaca fascicularis (Cercopithecidae), Paradoxurus hermaprodithus (Viverridae), Callosciurus notatus (Sciuridae), Tragulus javanicus (Tragulidae), Hystrix javanica (Hystricidae), Trachypithecus auratus (Cercopithecidae), Sus scrofa (Suidae), Prionodon linsang (Prionodontidae), Varanus nebulosus (Varanidae), Gallus gallus (Phasianidae), Chalcophaps indica (Columbidae), Spilornis cheela (Accipitridae), Hydrornis guajanus (Pittidae) dan Varanus salvator (Varanidae). Hasil penghitungan nilai frekuensi perjumpaan satwa liar relatif bervarisi dari nilai yang tinggi sampai rendah, namun dari 15 spesies yang tercatat perolehan tertinggi didominasi oleh Muntiacus muntjak (ER 11,17 foto/hari) dan Macaca fascicularis (ER 10 foto/hari).
{"title":"Keragaman Spesies Satwa Liar Berbasis Bidikan Kamera Jebak (Camera Trap) di Cagar Alam Pulau Sempu, Kab. Malang, Jawa Timur","authors":"Moh Sukron Makmum","doi":"10.33830/manilkara.v1i2.5036.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33830/manilkara.v1i2.5036.2023","url":null,"abstract":"Kekhawatiran dan kerentanan akan terjadinya kerusakan eksosistem di Cagar Alam Pulau Sempu (CAPS), Kabupaten Malang oleh aktivitas manusia dapat berdampak pada kelangsungan kehidupan dan penurunan populasi satwa liar. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menghitung kekayaan spesies dan frekuensi perjumpaan spesies satwa liar dengan menggunakan kamera jebak di kawasan CAPS. Metodologi menggunakan penghitungan bukti rekaman foto digital kamera jebak. Satwa liar yang tertangkap pada kamera jebak dihitung berdasarkan jumlah foto, jumlah spesies, dan jumlah hari aktif kamera. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kekayaan satwa liar yang teridentifikasi sebanyak 15 spesies, yaitu Muntiacus muntjak (Cervidae), Macaca fascicularis (Cercopithecidae), Paradoxurus hermaprodithus (Viverridae), Callosciurus notatus (Sciuridae), Tragulus javanicus (Tragulidae), Hystrix javanica (Hystricidae), Trachypithecus auratus (Cercopithecidae), Sus scrofa (Suidae), Prionodon linsang (Prionodontidae), Varanus nebulosus (Varanidae), Gallus gallus (Phasianidae), Chalcophaps indica (Columbidae), Spilornis cheela (Accipitridae), Hydrornis guajanus (Pittidae) dan Varanus salvator (Varanidae). Hasil penghitungan nilai frekuensi perjumpaan satwa liar relatif bervarisi dari nilai yang tinggi sampai rendah, namun dari 15 spesies yang tercatat perolehan tertinggi didominasi oleh Muntiacus muntjak (ER 11,17 foto/hari) dan Macaca fascicularis (ER 10 foto/hari).","PeriodicalId":254821,"journal":{"name":"MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125108897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.33830/manilkara.v1i2.4647.2023
Argadatta Sigit, Rosdiana, Dameria
The need for rice from year to year continues to increase due to the growing population of Indonesia, but this is not balanced with sufficient rice production. This is what makes it difficult for Indonesia to be self-sufficient in food so that efforts are needed to increase rice production nationally so that domestic rice needs are met. This panel aims to see the effectiveness of long soaking of rice seeds in MOL banana weevil on vegetative growth and yield of Ciherang variety rice plants. The research was conducted in November 2021 – March 2022 on open land of BPP Caringin, Legok District, Tangerang Regency. The study was conducted using the Randomized Complete Group Design (RKLT) method consisting of 5 treatments, namely control (without soaking MOL banana weevil), soaking rice seeds for 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours, and soaking for 24 hours. Each treatment was repeated 5 times so that there were 25 experimental units. Each experimental unit consists of three plants, the number of plants to be studied is 75 plants. Soaking seeds in MOL banana weevil for 24 hours gives the best results for the growth and production of Ciherang rice plants.
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Pub Date : 2023-02-02DOI: 10.33830/manilkara.v1i2.4654.2023
A. K. S. Putera, Phika Ainnadya Hasan, Muhammad Rizaldi Trias Jaya Putra Nurdin
Indonesia's coastal region is known for its richness and diverse natural resources. However, the region is experiencing a transformation from mangrove ecosystems to the traditional pond cultures. This was happening in West Sulawesi that could damage the ecosystem in the long term, especially for the bird community. This study aims to inventory bird species in the bird community on the coast of Tandung Village, Tinambung District, Polewali Mandar Regency, West Sulawesi Province. In addition, we also study the bird community structure, find out the correlation among the bird communities, and the environmental condition during the inventory. In this study, we used a fixed-radius point count method to record birds. Field guide titled Burung-burung Pulau Paparan Sunda dan Wallacea di Kepulauan Indonesia was used to identify the species of observed birds. The results showed that of the 27 species recorded, there are 5 species with a high relative abundance, such as Egretta garzetta, Himantopus leucocephalus, Actitis hypoleucos, Ardeola speciosa, and Calidris ruficollis. Only H. leucocephalus is identified as a protected bird by the Indonesian government, while Calidris ruficollis is protected internationally as its conservational status (Near Threatened). The diversity index is moderate level, but it is decreasing day by day of observation, followed by the dominance index, evenness, and species richness. A high correlation between the two bird communities with two adjacent days of observation indicates similarity composition of community structure with different temporal scales and similar spatial scales. The map of environmental conditions shows changing weather in the period of observation sequentially from bright sky to cloudy and heavy rain and back to the normal bright sky at the last period of observation. The response of the bird community to the condition was by flying away when the weather is cloudy and rainy so that may decrease the diversity.
印度尼西亚的沿海地区以其丰富多样的自然资源而闻名。然而，该地区正在经历从红树林生态系统到传统池塘文化的转变。这种情况发生在西苏拉威西岛，从长远来看可能会破坏生态系统，特别是对鸟类群落。本研究旨在调查西苏拉威西省Polewali Mandar Regency Tinambung区Tandung村海岸鸟类群落的鸟类种类。此外，我们还研究了鸟类群落结构，找出了鸟类群落与环境条件的相关性。本研究采用固定半径点计数法对鸟类进行记录。使用名为Burung-burung Pulau Paparan Sunda dan Wallacea di Kepulauan Indonesia的野外指南来鉴定观察到的鸟类种类。结果表明，在记录到的27种中，相对丰度较高的有白鹭(Egretta garzetta)、白头人(Himantopus leucocephalus)、低角活动动物(Actitis hypoleucos)、Ardeola speciosa和Calidris ruficollis 5种。印尼政府只将leucocephalus确定为受保护鸟类，而Calidris ruficollis则被列为国际保护鸟类(近危)。多样性指数为中等水平，随观测时间的增加呈递减趋势，优势度指数次之，均匀度次之，物种丰富度次之。两种鸟类群落在相邻2天的观测中具有较高的相关性，表明不同时间尺度和相似空间尺度下群落结构组成相似。环境条件图显示了观测期间的天气变化顺序，从晴空到多云和大雨，再到最后观测期间的正常晴空。鸟类群落对这种情况的反应是在阴雨天气时飞走，这可能会减少多样性。
{"title":"Relationship Between Bird Communities and Environmental Changes in Tandung Village, Tinambung District, Polewali Mandar Regency, West Sulawesi Province","authors":"A. K. S. Putera, Phika Ainnadya Hasan, Muhammad Rizaldi Trias Jaya Putra Nurdin","doi":"10.33830/manilkara.v1i2.4654.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33830/manilkara.v1i2.4654.2023","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia's coastal region is known for its richness and diverse natural resources. However, the region is experiencing a transformation from mangrove ecosystems to the traditional pond cultures. This was happening in West Sulawesi that could damage the ecosystem in the long term, especially for the bird community. This study aims to inventory bird species in the bird community on the coast of Tandung Village, Tinambung District, Polewali Mandar Regency, West Sulawesi Province. In addition, we also study the bird community structure, find out the correlation among the bird communities, and the environmental condition during the inventory. In this study, we used a fixed-radius point count method to record birds. Field guide titled Burung-burung Pulau Paparan Sunda dan Wallacea di Kepulauan Indonesia was used to identify the species of observed birds. The results showed that of the 27 species recorded, there are 5 species with a high relative abundance, such as Egretta garzetta, Himantopus leucocephalus, Actitis hypoleucos, Ardeola speciosa, and Calidris ruficollis. Only H. leucocephalus is identified as a protected bird by the Indonesian government, while Calidris ruficollis is protected internationally as its conservational status (Near Threatened). The diversity index is moderate level, but it is decreasing day by day of observation, followed by the dominance index, evenness, and species richness. A high correlation between the two bird communities with two adjacent days of observation indicates similarity composition of community structure with different temporal scales and similar spatial scales. The map of environmental conditions shows changing weather in the period of observation sequentially from bright sky to cloudy and heavy rain and back to the normal bright sky at the last period of observation. The response of the bird community to the condition was by flying away when the weather is cloudy and rainy so that may decrease the diversity.","PeriodicalId":254821,"journal":{"name":"MANILKARA: Journal of Bioscience","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121352765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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