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Bidirectionally H2O2-suppliable and antioxidant-consumable copper peroxide nanoparticles for photochemodynamic immunotherapy 用于光化学动力学免疫治疗的双向h2o2供应和抗氧化剂消耗的过氧化铜纳米颗粒。
IF 12.9 1区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2026.123988
Yanan Zhao , Ting Li , Yao Yao , Shujuan Xue , Tao Xu , Shuqi Mi , Dazhao Li , Xiaolei Tang , Feng Zhi , Dawei Ding , Huabing Chen
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based antitumor compounds show great promise in cancer treatments such as chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), but are severely restricted by both endogenous antioxidants and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Here, we synthesize bidirectionally H2O2-suppliable and antioxidant-consumable copper peroxide (CuO2) nanoparticles for CDT/PDT-synergized immunotherapy against aggressive triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs). The CuO2 nanoparticles are established to afford pH-responsive decomposition into H2O2 and Cu2+, followed by the reduction into Cu+ by glutathione and subsequent catalysis reaction of H2O2 into highly reactive ·OH, thus yielding CDT-mediated cell injury. Meanwhile, the glutathione consumption from the nanoparticles attenuates their ROS scavenging to promote singlet oxygen generation of co-assembled indocyanine green upon light exposure, thereby amplifying PDT-based cell damage. Moreover, the dully enhanced CDT/PDT damages of the nanoparticles provoke potent immunogenic cell death that further synergizes with immune checkpoint inhibitor via relieving indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1-mediated immunosuppression, thus amplifying immunotherapeutic efficacy against primary, distant and metastatic TNBCs. This work provides valuable insights into nanomedicines for synergistic cancer therapy.
基于活性氧(ROS)的抗肿瘤化合物在化学动力治疗(CDT)和光动力治疗(PDT)等癌症治疗中显示出巨大的前景,但受到内源性抗氧化剂和过氧化氢(H2O2)的严重限制。在这里,我们合成了双向h2o2供应和抗氧化剂消耗的过氧化铜(CuO2)纳米颗粒,用于CDT/ pdt协同免疫治疗侵袭性三阴性乳腺癌(tnbc)。建立CuO2纳米颗粒,使其在ph下响应分解为H2O2和Cu2+,然后被谷胱甘肽还原为Cu+,随后H2O2催化反应生成高活性的·OH,从而产生cdt介导的细胞损伤。同时,来自纳米颗粒的谷胱甘肽消耗减弱了它们对ROS的清除能力,从而促进光照射下共组装吲哚菁绿的单线态氧生成,从而放大了基于pdp的细胞损伤。此外,纳米颗粒对CDT/PDT损伤的轻度增强引发了强效的免疫原性细胞死亡,通过缓解吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶1介导的免疫抑制,进一步与免疫检查点抑制剂协同作用,从而增强了对原发性、远处和转移性tnbc的免疫治疗效果。这项工作为纳米药物协同癌症治疗提供了有价值的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Tuning hydrogel affinity to control the release of antibodies 调节水凝胶亲和力来控制抗体的释放
IF 12.9 1区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2026.123996
Daniela Isaacs-Bernal , Brenda Coles , Lia Huo , Noor E. Bahsoun , Siming Wang , Derek van der Kooy , Molly S. Shoichet
The discovery of specific affinity interactions has paved the way for the development of functional hydrogel systems that enable tunable protein release via non-covalent interactions. This study explores, for the first time, the controlled release of antibody-based therapeutics via affinity interactions with specific fragment crystallizable domain peptide ligands (FcLs) immobilized within a hydrogel system. As a proof of concept, a dual-antibody delivery strategy was designed to stimulate retinal stem cells in the adult mammalian eye, co-releasing Fc-Noggin (targeting bone morphogenic proteins) and anti-sFRP2 (targeting secreted frizzle related protein-2). An FcL capable of binding to both Fc-Noggin and anti-sFRP2 with comparable affinity (10−8 M) was functionalized onto a hyaluronan-based hydrogel that leverages oxime chemistry for network crosslinking and inverse electron demand Diels-Alder for FcL conjugation. In vitro, FcL1-functionalized hydrogels exhibited affinity-mediated retention of these therapeutics, reducing burst release and preserving protein stability. In vivo, a single intravitreal injection of the hydrogel formulation activated retinal stem cells, in adult CD1 mice, over four days to a similar extent as 3 repeated bolus injections of Fc-Noggin and anti-sFRP2 in saline, demonstrating the advantage of hydrogel-based delivery over bolus administration. This platform technology holds significant potential for broader application to other antibody-based therapies and offers a promising approach for local delivery in the eye.
特异性亲和相互作用的发现为开发功能性水凝胶系统铺平了道路,该系统可以通过非共价相互作用实现可调节的蛋白质释放。本研究首次探索了通过与固定在水凝胶系统中的特定片段结晶结构域肽配体(FcLs)的亲和相互作用来控制基于抗体的治疗药物的释放。作为概念的证明,设计了一种双抗体递送策略来刺激成年哺乳动物眼睛中的视网膜干细胞,共同释放Fc-Noggin(靶向骨形态发生蛋白)和抗sfrp2(靶向分泌的卷曲相关蛋白-2)。FcL能够与Fc-Noggin和抗sfrp2结合,具有相当的亲和力(10 - 8 M),被功能化到基于透明质酸的水凝胶上,该水凝胶利用肟化学进行网络交联,利用逆电子需求Diels-Alder进行FcL共轭。在体外,fcl1功能化的水凝胶表现出亲和介导的这些疗法的保留,减少爆发释放并保持蛋白质稳定性。在体内,在成年CD1小鼠中,单次玻璃体内注射水凝胶制剂激活视网膜干细胞超过4天,其程度与3次重复注射Fc-Noggin和生理盐水中的抗sfrp2相似,表明基于水凝胶的给药优于单次给药。该平台技术具有广泛应用于其他基于抗体的治疗的巨大潜力,并为眼部局部递送提供了一种有前景的方法。
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引用次数: 0
AI agent-based discovery of D-enantiomeric antimicrobial peptides against multidrug-resistant bacterial infection 基于AI的抗多重耐药细菌感染的d -对映体抗菌肽的发现。
IF 12.9 1区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2025.123927
Qingzhou Kong , Yinuo Zhao , Haifan Gong , Luoyao Kang , Jialu Fu , Lixiang Li , Boyao Wan , Peizhu Wang , Xiaojuan Li , Yue Wang , Jinghui Zhang , Yanbo Yu , Xiaoyun Yang , Xiuli Zuo , Haina Wang , Yanqing Li
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) offer a route to counter resistant pathogens but are often hampered by proteolysis, whereas D-peptides resist proteases yet remain underexplored due to data scarcity and design challenges. Here, we present PeptiD-Agent, a purely agent based framework that predicts D-peptide antimicrobial activity with extremely limited data, enabling rapid discovery of potent candidates. Using this approach, we identified DA2, a D-enantiometric AMP lead with broad-spectrum activity against drug-resistant bacteria and minimal hemolytic toxicity. DA2 showed high stability under physiological conditions, including resistance to enzymatic degradation and serum. Mechanistic studies indicate that DA2 exerts bactericidal effects by disrupting the integrity of the bacterial membrane in concert with multiple synergistic mechanisms. In murine models of skin wounds and intraperitoneal infection, DA2 conferred significant protection against drug-resistant pathogens and, when delivered via hydrogel, accelerated wound healing. These findings establish a computational route to potent, stable D-peptide antimicrobials and provide a general strategy for AMP design in data-scarce settings.
抗菌肽(AMPs)提供了对抗耐药病原体的途径,但通常受到蛋白质水解的阻碍,而d肽抵抗蛋白酶,但由于数据缺乏和设计挑战,仍未得到充分开发。在这里,我们提出了peptide - agent,这是一个纯粹基于药物的框架,可以用极其有限的数据预测d肽的抗菌活性,从而能够快速发现有效的候选药物。利用这种方法,我们鉴定出DA2,一种具有广谱抗耐药细菌活性和最小溶血毒性的d-对映体AMP引线。DA2在生理条件下表现出很高的稳定性,包括抗酶降解和血清。机制研究表明,DA2通过破坏细菌膜的完整性发挥杀菌作用,并与多种协同机制相一致。在小鼠皮肤伤口和腹腔感染模型中,DA2对耐药病原体具有显著的保护作用,并且当通过水凝胶递送时,可以加速伤口愈合。这些发现建立了有效的、稳定的d肽抗菌剂的计算途径,并为数据稀缺环境下的AMP设计提供了一般策略。
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引用次数: 0
Decoding vascular aging: Substrate stiffness and shear stress orchestrate endothelial inflammation and remodelling via mechanosensitive pathways 解码血管老化:基底刚度和剪切应力通过机械敏感途径协调内皮炎症和重塑。
IF 12.9 1区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2025.123932
Austin Lai , Ying Zhou , Chanly Chheang , Azadeh Mirabedini , Yasmin Mirzaalikhan , Jonathan Noonan , Anna Watson , Nalin H. Dayawansa , Wenzhi Huang , Manijeh Khanmohammadi , Shadi Houshyar , Agus Salim , Karlheinz Peter , Sara Baratchi
Vascular ageing is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease and is closely linked to vascular stiffness. Stiffening of the vascular wall disrupts endothelial homeostasis and promotes chronic inflammation, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood due to technological limitations. Here, we used a previously developed in vitro microfluidic model to investigate how biomechanical forces, specifically substrate stiffness and shear stress, interact to regulate endothelial cell behaviour. Using RNA sequencing and functional assays, we found that endothelial cells exposed to both physiological and high levels of shear stress were more sensitive to increases in substrate stiffness. Under these conditions, the cells exhibited a greater number of differentially expressed genes and enhanced activation of inflammatory signalling pathways, suggesting that mechanical stiffening promotes endothelial inflammation and contributes to vascular ageing.
We identified enriched pathways involved in inflammatory signalling and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling in response to substrate stiffness. Endothelial cells exposed to high shear stress and increased stiffness showed up-regulation of genes such as ICAM1, VCAM1, LAMB3, and MMP28, which are known to mediate leukocyte adhesion and ECM remodelling. Importantly, benchmarking our engineered in vitro microfluidic model using human aortic tissue confirmed concordant molecular and histological changes between stiff (aged) and soft (healthy) aortas. Ultimately, this validated microfluidic platform provides proof of concept that biomechanical forces characteristic of vascular ageing drive endothelial inflammation and vascular remodelling, offering new mechanistic insight and a powerful experimental framework to advance therapeutic strategies targeting vascular stiffness and age-related vascular disease.
血管老化是心血管疾病的主要诱因,与血管僵硬密切相关。血管壁硬化破坏内皮稳态并促进慢性炎症,但由于技术限制,其潜在机制仍知之甚少。在这里,我们使用先前开发的体外微流体模型来研究生物力学力,特别是基质刚度和剪切应力,如何相互作用来调节内皮细胞的行为。通过RNA测序和功能分析,我们发现暴露于生理和高水平剪切应力下的内皮细胞对底物刚度的增加更敏感。在这些条件下,细胞表现出更多的差异表达基因和增强的炎症信号通路激活,表明机械硬化促进内皮炎症和血管老化。我们发现了参与炎症信号和细胞外基质(ECM)重塑的丰富通路,以响应底物硬度。暴露于高剪切应力和刚度增加的内皮细胞表现出ICAM1、VCAM1、LAMB3和MMP28等基因的上调,这些基因介导白细胞粘附和ECM重塑。重要的是,利用人主动脉组织对我们的体外微流控模型进行基准测试,证实了僵硬(衰老)和柔软(健康)主动脉之间的分子和组织学变化是一致的。最终,这个经过验证的微流体平台提供了血管老化的生物力学力特征驱动内皮炎症和血管重塑的概念证明,提供了新的机制见解和强大的实验框架,以推进针对血管僵硬和年龄相关血管疾病的治疗策略。
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引用次数: 0
Sequential-targeting nanomedicine protects against acute kidney injury by modulating calcium influx and scavenging reactive oxygen species 序贯靶向纳米药物通过调节钙内流和清除活性氧来预防急性肾损伤。
IF 12.9 1区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2025.123933
Lili Huang , Pengfei Yang , Chenli Zhang , Ling Tan , Lingshan Zhao , Liling Yang , Ling Zhang , Zheng Zhang , Jun Deng , Xiaohui Liao
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a global health challenge responsible for approximately 1.7 million deaths each year. Current treatment options, such as renal replacement therapy and supportive care, are limited to systemic support and fail to promote repair of dysfunctional renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs). In this study, we developed a macrophage membrane-coated sequential-targeting nanodrug, MA-5@MΦ-LSALT, which leverages the LSALT targeting peptide to selectively deliver the nanodrug to injured RTECs. Upon reaching the damaged RTECs, the released mitochonic acid-5 (MA-5) further localizes to mitochondria. In both cisplatin-induced and ischemia–reperfusion AKI models, MA-5@MΦ-LSALT inhibited calcium influx and reduced reactive oxygen species levels. Collectively, this work introduces an innovative sequential-targeting strategy from kidneys to RTECs to mitochondria that effectively addresses the challenge of targeted repair in AKI and highlights a promising therapeutic avenue for clinical translation.
急性肾损伤(AKI)是一项全球性的健康挑战,每年造成约170万人死亡。目前的治疗方案,如肾脏替代疗法和支持性护理,仅限于系统支持,不能促进功能失调的肾小管上皮细胞(RTECs)的修复。在这项研究中,我们开发了一种巨噬细胞膜包被的序列靶向纳米药物MA-5@MΦ-LSALT,它利用LSALT靶向肽选择性地将纳米药物递送到受损的rtec。在到达受损的RTECs后,释放的线粒体酸-5 (MA-5)进一步定位于线粒体。在顺铂诱导和缺血-再灌注AKI模型中,MA-5@MΦ-LSALT均可抑制钙内流并降低reactive oxygen species水平。总的来说,这项工作引入了一种创新的顺序靶向策略,从肾脏到rtec再到线粒体,有效地解决了AKI中靶向修复的挑战,并强调了一种有前途的临床转化治疗途径。
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引用次数: 0
Carrier-free nanoassembly with dual antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities camouflaged by melanoma cell membrane for tau-targeted therapy of Alzheimer's disease 具有双重抗氧化和抗炎活性的无载体纳米组装被黑色素瘤细胞膜伪装用于tau靶向治疗阿尔茨海默病
IF 12.9 1区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2025.123970
Rui Xue , Fengyu Wang , Beibei Zhang , Jin Wu , Ningnannan Zhang , Chunyang Sun
Targeting phosphorylated tau (p-tau) across the blood–brain barrier (BBB) represents a critical prerequisite for attenuating tau pathology and disease progression in Alzheimer's disease (AD) by alleviating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. To address this challenge, we developed a novel carrier-free selenium-based nanoassembly stabilized by hydroxyl-rich fingolimod (FTY720), a sphingosine analogue. Following camouflaging with melanoma cell membranes and further functionalizing with T807, the resulting nanocomposite (FSMT) demonstrated robust capacity for BBB crossing and target p-tau both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, FTY720 and nano-selenium exert remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by modulating the GSK-3β and NF-κB signaling pathways, respectively, thereby attenuating tau hyperphosphorylation and preventing neuronal cell death. In an okadaic acid-induced AD mouse model, the FSMT treatment not only significantly ameliorated oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, but also improved spatial learning and memory impairments. The reduction in abnormal tau aggregation following treatment was confirmed by PET-CT imaging. Overall, this p-tau-targeted biomimetic nanocomposite demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and therapeutic efficacy, presenting a translatable strategy for treating AD and other neurological disorders through analogous mechanisms.
通过血脑屏障(BBB)靶向磷酸化tau (p-tau)是通过减轻氧化应激和神经炎症来减轻阿尔茨海默病(AD)中tau病理和疾病进展的关键先决条件。为了解决这一挑战,我们开发了一种新的无载体硒基纳米组件,由富含羟基的芬戈莫德(FTY720)稳定,这是一种鞘氨醇类似物。经过黑色素瘤细胞膜的伪装和T807的进一步功能化,得到的纳米复合材料(FSMT)在体外和体内都显示出强大的血脑屏障穿越能力和靶向p-tau的能力。此外,FTY720和纳米硒分别通过调节GSK-3β和NF-κB信号通路发挥显著的抗氧化和抗炎作用,从而减轻tau过度磷酸化,防止神经元细胞死亡。在冈田酸诱导的AD小鼠模型中,FSMT治疗不仅能显著改善氧化应激和神经炎症,还能改善空间学习和记忆障碍。治疗后异常tau聚集的减少通过PET-CT成像证实。总的来说,这种靶向p-tau的仿生纳米复合材料表现出良好的生物相容性和治疗效果,通过类似的机制为治疗AD和其他神经系统疾病提供了可翻译的策略。
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引用次数: 0
Cardiac and skeletal muscle delivery of biotherapeutics with a blood vessel epicardial substance-targeting peptide 血管心外膜物质靶向肽的心脏和骨骼肌生物治疗药物递送
IF 12.9 1区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2026.123986
Biaobiao Wang , Jiahui Cao , Jingqiao Wu , Yiwen Zhao , Yao Zhang , Frank Abendroth , Caorui Lin , Li Zhong , Huanan Yu , Yiqi Seow , Meitong Ou , Olalla Vázquez , Lin Mei , HaiFang Yin , Gang Han
Although peptide-based delivery strategies show promise for muscle and heart diseases, delivery of biotherapeutics to both skeletal and cardiac muscles remains challenging. Here, we identified a muscle-homing peptide (BV2) against blood vessel epicardial substance (BVES) by phage display. BV2 shows high binding affinity to BVES and is internalized primarily via caveolae-mediated endocytosis. Importantly, BV2 enables efficient delivery of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (PMO), mCherry protein and exosomes to skeletal muscle and heart in vivo. BV2-mCherry protein and BV2-E31R anti-myostatin peptide were effectively delivered to muscle layers when microneedles loaded with these biotherapeutics were implanted on hindlimbs of mice. Muscle mass and myofiber size also significantly increased in muscle atrophy mice grafted with BV2-E31R microneedles. Moreover, significantly enhanced restoration of dystrophin protein was achieved in peripheral and cardiac muscles of dystrophin-deficient mdx and dystrophin/utrophin double-knockout mice when exosomes simultaneously modified with BV2 and PMO. These findings highlight the potency of BV2 in directing targeted delivery of diverse biotherapeutics to muscle and heart, thus providing an effective tool for DMD and other muscular and cardiac disorders.
尽管基于肽的给药策略对肌肉和心脏疾病显示出希望,但将生物治疗药物同时递送到骨骼肌和心肌仍然具有挑战性。在这里,我们通过噬菌体展示鉴定了一种针对血管心外膜物质(BVES)的肌肉归巢肽(BV2)。BV2对BVES具有很高的结合亲和力,主要通过小泡介导的内吞作用被内化。重要的是,BV2能够在体内将杜氏肌营养不良症(DMD)磷酸二酯morpholino oligomer (PMO)、mCherry蛋白和外泌体有效地递送到骨骼肌和心脏。在小鼠后肢植入装有BV2-mCherry蛋白和BV2-E31R抗肌肉生长抑制素肽的微针,可以有效地将这些生物治疗药物传递到肌肉层。移植BV2-E31R微针后,肌肉萎缩小鼠的肌肉质量和肌纤维大小也显著增加。此外,当外泌体同时被BV2和PMO修饰时,肌营养不良蛋白缺陷mdx和肌营养不良蛋白/肌营养不良蛋白双敲除小鼠外周肌和心肌中肌营养不良蛋白的恢复显著增强。这些发现强调了BV2在指导多种生物治疗药物靶向递送肌肉和心脏方面的效力,从而为DMD和其他肌肉和心脏疾病提供了有效的工具。
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引用次数: 0
Wireless magnetoelectric hydrogel spray reprograms the CXCL12-autophagy axis for spatiotemporally controlled cervical nerve root regeneration 无线磁电水凝胶喷雾重新编程cxcl12自噬轴,实现时空可控的颈神经根再生。
IF 12.9 1区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2026.123983
Rongguo Yu , Jiamei Xiao , Zhencheng Xiong , Xiaoyang Wu , Chaoyi Zhang , Yusheng Zhang , Kangkang Huang , Jing Sun , Hongsong Fan , Hao Liu
Cervical nerve root injury (CNRI) presents significant clinical challenges owing to complex anatomical constraints and poor intrinsic regenerative capacity. In this study, we introduce an in situ-sprayable magnetoelectric hydrogel (DG/FBD) engineered through dynamic covalent assembly and photo-triggered stabilization. The construction of critical boronate ester bonding between dopamine-modified Fe3O4@BaTiO3 nanoparticles and phenylboronic acid-functionalized dextran endows DG/FBD with optimal viscosity (87 mPa s), rapid gelation (<2s) and robust tissue adhesion (22.11 kPa), allowing for precise deposition along tortuous nerve roots while conforming to branched cervical anatomy. We then establish a wireless magnetic actuation platform with conductivity modulation enabled spatiotemporally controllable bioelectronic interfacing. In CNRI models loading with magnetic stimulation, we found the hydrogel spray significantly promotes axonal regeneration and myelination, and importantly, improving functional recovery, including enhanced pain and temperature sensation, as well as increased grip strength. We also demonstrate accelerated neural differentiation of BMSCs and attenuated astrogliosis by in vitro studies. Mechanistically, we reveal that magnetoelectrically triggered CXCL12 upregulation drives Schwann cells remodeling through PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibition and enhances autophagic flux, establishing a bioelectronic-metabolic bridge where the CXCL12-autophagy axis emerges as a fundamental regulatory node for neural regeneration. Collectively, our work pioneers wireless magnetoelectric regulation of chemokine-directed neural repair via an integrated sprayable hydrogel system that overcomes cervical interfacing constraints, establishing a promising platform for spatiotemporal microenvironmental reprogramming in complex neuropathies.
颈神经根损伤(CNRI)由于其复杂的解剖限制和较差的内在再生能力,给临床带来了重大挑战。在这项研究中,我们介绍了一种通过动态共价组装和光触发稳定化设计的可现场喷涂的磁电水凝胶(DG/FBD)。在多巴胺修饰的Fe3O4@BaTiO3纳米颗粒和苯硼酸功能化的葡聚糖之间建立了临界硼酸酯键,使DG/FBD具有最佳粘度(87 mPa s)、快速凝胶化(
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引用次数: 0
Kudzu root-derived carbon dots modulate gut microbiota and metabolites for pan-organ targeted macrophage polarization in synergistic diabetes therapy 葛根碳点调节肠道菌群和代谢物,协同治疗糖尿病中泛器官靶向巨噬细胞极化。
IF 12.9 1区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2025.123967
Jianing Yi , Yuanyu Tang , Yilin Chen , Liang Chen , Dongxue Geng , Luyao Liu , Jie Yu , Lianhong Zou , Jie Zeng , Minhuan Lan , Wenjie Gao , Ming Gao
Type 2 diabetes is a systemic disorder characterized by metabolic dysfunction and chronic inflammation, yet strategies that address both aspects remain limited. Here, we present kudzu root–derived carbon dots (KRCDs) as a natural nanomaterial that reprograms the gut microbiota-metabolite-immune axis to restore systemic homeostasis. KRCDs exhibit nanoscale crystallinity, abundant O/N functional groups, and strong antioxidant activity. In high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, KRCDs significantly lowered fasting glucose, improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, corrected lipid profiles, and reduced hepatic steatosis without detectable toxicity. Multi-omics analyses revealed increased microbial diversity, enrichment of beneficial genera such as Anaerostipes, and remodeling of fecal metabolites with a marked rise in indole-3-carboxaldehyde (I3A). This metabolite correlated with enhanced M2-like macrophage polarization across adipose tissue, intestine, kidney, liver, and pancreas, as confirmed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Fecal microbiota transplantation from KRCDs-treated donors reproduced both the metabolic improvements and the organ-wide M2 polarization, confirming a microbiota-dependent mechanism. By establishing a gut microbiota–metabolite–macrophage polarization pathway, KRCDs act as safe, plant-based nanoplatforms that simultaneously correct metabolic and immune imbalance, offering a promising strategy for multi-target intervention in diabetes.
2型糖尿病是一种以代谢功能障碍和慢性炎症为特征的全身性疾病,但针对这两方面的策略仍然有限。在这里,我们提出了葛根衍生的碳点(KRCDs)作为一种天然纳米材料,可以重新编程肠道微生物群-代谢物-免疫轴,以恢复系统稳态。KRCDs具有纳米级结晶度、丰富的O/N官能团和较强的抗氧化活性。在高脂肪饮食/链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病小鼠中,KRCDs显著降低了空腹血糖,改善了葡萄糖耐量和胰岛素敏感性,纠正了脂质谱,减少了肝脏脂肪变性,而没有可检测到的毒性。多组学分析显示,微生物多样性增加,厌氧菌等有益菌丰富,粪便代谢物重塑,吲哚-3-甲醛(I3A)显著增加。流式细胞术和免疫荧光证实,这种代谢物与脂肪组织、肠道、肾脏、肝脏和胰腺中m2样巨噬细胞极化增强相关。来自krcd治疗供体的粪便微生物群移植重现了代谢改善和全器官M2极化,证实了微生物群依赖的机制。通过建立肠道微生物-代谢物-巨噬细胞极化通路,KRCDs作为安全的植物纳米平台,同时纠正代谢和免疫失衡,为糖尿病的多靶点干预提供了一种有希望的策略。
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引用次数: 0
A stimuli-responsive cuproptosis switch boosts persistent immunotherapy for tumor eradication 刺激反应性cuprotosis开关促进肿瘤根除的持续免疫治疗
IF 12.9 1区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2025.123930
Jinming Cai , Sheng Shi , Jinyan Hu , Zhenlin Zhang , Bijiang Geng , Dengyu Pan , Longxiang Shen
Cuproptosis has been identified as a unique copper-dependent cell death mechanism that may provide new opportunities for improving tumor therapy outcomes. For currently developed cuproptosis inducers, nonspecific copper release and low levels of copper accumulation in tumors restrict their clinical applications. To precisely manage copper ion release in vivo, a stimuli-responsive ‘cuproptosis switch’ was designed as an intelligent platform with pH-sensitive ‘off’ and ‘on’ states, thereby inducing cancer-specific cuproptosis while guaranteeing biosecurity. A bilayer copper nanocapsule containing Cu2O and Cu2-xSe shells was demonstrated with a switch-like pH-dependent Cu+ release profile across a transition pH (6.8) based on their distinct degradable properties. To boost cuproptosis-targeted therapy efficacy, the STING activating agonist MSA-2 was encapsulated in the Cu2O/Cu2-xSe nanocapsule for establishing lasting and effective immune responses. Cuproptosis-sensitization effects induced by US irradiation and MSA-2 release were elucidated, including 1) up-regulating Cu influx transporter (SLC31A1) expression and down-regulating Cu efflux transporter (ATP7A) expression to increase intracellular copper overload; 2) facilitating rapid GSH depletion for cuproptosis sensitization in the cytoplasm; 3) increasing mitochondrion membrane permeability for intracellular released Cu+ ions entering the mitochondrion. The TME-specific Cu+ and MSA-2 release combined with US-irradiated, spatiotemporally located ROS amplification induced tumor-specific cuproptosis, initiated immunogenic cell death, and activated cGAS-STING pathway for boosting robust and durable antitumor efficacy. As a result, complete elimination of primary and distant tumors in mice was achieved at low doses without side effects. The US-sensitized cuproptosis switch may provide opportunities for elimination of local residual tumors and abscopal metastatic foci for final tumor eradication.
铜增生已被确定为一种独特的铜依赖细胞死亡机制,可能为改善肿瘤治疗结果提供新的机会。目前开发的铜增生诱导剂,铜的非特异性释放和肿瘤内低水平的铜积累限制了其临床应用。为了精确管理体内铜离子的释放,我们设计了一个刺激响应的“铜变形开关”作为一个智能平台,具有ph敏感的“关”和“开”状态,从而在保证生物安全的同时诱导癌症特异性铜变形。一种含有Cu2O和Cu2-xSe壳层的双层铜纳米胶囊,基于其独特的可降解特性,在过渡pH(6.8)下具有类似开关的pH依赖性Cu+释放曲线。为了提高铜中毒的靶向治疗效果,将STING激活激动剂MSA-2包封在Cu2O/Cu2-xSe纳米胶囊中,以建立持久有效的免疫反应。美国辐照和MSA-2释放诱导铜中毒增敏效应:1)上调Cu内流转运体(SLC31A1)表达,下调Cu外流转运体(ATP7A)表达,增加细胞内铜超载;2)促进GSH的快速耗竭,使细胞质中的铜增生增敏;3)增加线粒体膜通透性,使细胞内释放的Cu+离子进入线粒体。tme特异性Cu+和MSA-2释放结合us照射,时空定位的ROS扩增诱导肿瘤特异性铜增生,启动免疫原性细胞死亡,激活cGAS-STING途径,以增强强大和持久的抗肿瘤疗效。结果,在低剂量下完全消除小鼠的原发性和远处肿瘤而无副作用。us致敏的cuprotosis开关可能提供消除局部残留肿瘤和体外转移灶的机会,以最终根除肿瘤。
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Biomaterials
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