Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122829
Developing drug delivery systems capable of achieving deep tumor penetration is a challenging task, yet there is a significant demand for such systems in cancer treatment. Hitchhiking on tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) represents a promising strategy for enhancing drug penetration into tumors. However, the limited drug assembly on EVs restricts its further application. Here, we present a novel approach to efficiently attach antitumor drugs to EVs using an engineered cell membrane-based vector. This vector includes the AS1411 aptamer for tumor-specific targeting, the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G) for tumor cell membrane fusion, and a photosensitizer as the therapeutic agent while ensuring optimal drug encapsulation and stability. Upon injection, photosensitizers are firstly transferred to the tumor cell membrane and subsequently piggybacked onto EVs with the inherent secretion process. By hitchhiking with EVs, photosensitizers can be transferred layer by layer deep into the solid tumors. The results suggest that this EVs-hitchhiking strategy enables photosensitizers to penetrate deeply into tumor tissue, thereby enhancing the efficacy of phototherapy. This study offers broad application prospects for delivering drugs deeply into tumor tissues.
开发能够实现肿瘤深层穿透的给药系统是一项具有挑战性的任务,但癌症治疗对此类系统的需求却很大。在肿瘤衍生的细胞外囊泡(EVs)上搭便车是一种很有前景的增强药物穿透肿瘤的策略。然而,EVs 上有限的药物集结限制了它的进一步应用。在这里,我们提出了一种新方法,利用基于细胞膜的工程载体将抗肿瘤药物有效地吸附到EVs上。这种载体包括用于肿瘤特异性靶向的AS1411适配体、用于肿瘤细胞膜融合的水泡性口炎病毒糖蛋白(VSV-G)以及作为治疗剂的光敏剂,同时确保最佳的药物封装和稳定性。注射后,光敏剂首先转移到肿瘤细胞膜上,然后通过固有的分泌过程捎带到 EV 上。光敏剂通过搭EVs的便车,逐层转移到实体瘤深处。研究结果表明,这种EVs搭便车策略能使光敏剂深入肿瘤组织,从而提高光疗的疗效。这项研究为将药物深入肿瘤组织提供了广阔的应用前景。
{"title":"Extracellular vesicles-hitchhiking boosts the deep penetration of drugs to amplify anti-tumor efficacy","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Developing drug delivery systems capable of achieving deep tumor penetration is a challenging task, yet there is a significant demand for such systems in cancer treatment. Hitchhiking on tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) represents a promising strategy for enhancing drug penetration into tumors. However, the limited drug assembly on EVs restricts its further application. Here, we present a novel approach to efficiently attach antitumor drugs to EVs using an engineered cell membrane-based vector. This vector includes the AS1411 aptamer for tumor-specific targeting, the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G) for tumor cell membrane fusion, and a photosensitizer as the therapeutic agent while ensuring optimal drug encapsulation and stability. Upon injection, photosensitizers are firstly transferred to the tumor cell membrane and subsequently piggybacked onto EVs with the inherent secretion process. By hitchhiking with EVs, photosensitizers can be transferred layer by layer deep into the solid tumors. The results suggest that this EVs-hitchhiking strategy enables photosensitizers to penetrate deeply into tumor tissue, thereby enhancing the efficacy of phototherapy. This study offers broad application prospects for delivering drugs deeply into tumor tissues.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":254,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122830
Fibroblasts are cells responsible for producing extracellular matrix (ECM) components, which provides physical support for organs. Although these mesenchymal cells are responsive to mechanical cues in their environment, the permanence of these mechanophenotypes is not well defined. We investigated the mechanomemory of lung fibroblasts and determined how switching culture conditions modulate cell responses and function. Primary murine lung fibroblasts were isolated and cultured on 2D tissue culture plates or within 3D collagen hydrogels and were then passaged within the same or opposite culture condition to assess changes in gene expression, protein production, fibroblast subpopulation, contractile behavior, and traction forces. Compared to fibroblasts isolated on 2D tissue culture plates, fibroblasts within 3D hydrogels exhibited a decreased activation phenotype including reduced contraction profiles, diminished cell traction forces and decreased αSMA gene expression. Cells initially isolated via 2D culture and then cultured in 3D hydrogels exhibited a reversal in activation phenotype as measured by gene expression and contraction profiles. Bulk RNAseq identified groups of genes that exhibit reversible and non-reversable expression patterns. Overall, these findings indicate that lung fibroblasts have a mechanical memory that is altered by culture condition and can be reversible through precondition of cells within a softer 3D microenvironment.
{"title":"Mechanomemory of pulmonary fibroblasts demonstrates reversibility of transcriptomics and contraction phenotypes","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122830","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122830","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fibroblasts are cells responsible for producing extracellular matrix (ECM) components, which provides physical support for organs. Although these mesenchymal cells are responsive to mechanical cues in their environment, the permanence of these mechanophenotypes is not well defined. We investigated the mechanomemory of lung fibroblasts and determined how switching culture conditions modulate cell responses and function. Primary murine lung fibroblasts were isolated and cultured on 2D tissue culture plates or within 3D collagen hydrogels and were then passaged within the same or opposite culture condition to assess changes in gene expression, protein production, fibroblast subpopulation, contractile behavior, and traction forces. Compared to fibroblasts isolated on 2D tissue culture plates, fibroblasts within 3D hydrogels exhibited a decreased activation phenotype including reduced contraction profiles, diminished cell traction forces and decreased αSMA gene expression. Cells initially isolated via 2D culture and then cultured in 3D hydrogels exhibited a reversal in activation phenotype as measured by gene expression and contraction profiles. Bulk RNAseq identified groups of genes that exhibit reversible and non-reversable expression patterns. Overall, these findings indicate that lung fibroblasts have a mechanical memory that is altered by culture condition and can be reversible through precondition of cells within a softer 3D microenvironment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":254,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-08DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122821
Alessandro Di Martino, Manuela Salerno, Elisabetta Galassi, Laura Grillini, Alessandro Dotti, Claudio De Luca, Giuseppe Filardo
The treatment of osteochondral joint lesions requires the regeneration of both articular cartilage and subchondral bone tissue. Scaffold-based strategies aimed at mimicking the native osteochondral structure have been explored with mixed results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the regenerative potential of a tri-layered osteochondral cell-free scaffold in a large animal model at both 6 and 12 months of follow-up. Bilateral critical-sized osteochondral defects were created in 22 sheep. One defect was filled with the scaffold, whereas the contralateral was left empty. The repair tissue quality was evaluated at 6 and 12 months of follow-up in terms of macroscopic appearance, histology, trabecular bone formation, and inflammation grade. The mean global ICRS II score in the scaffold and control groups was 41 ± 11 vs 30 ± 6 at 6 months (p = 0.004) and 54 ± 13 vs 37 ± 11 at 12 months (p = 0.002), respectively. A higher percentage of bone was found in the treatment group compared to controls both at 6 (BV/TV 48.8 ± 8.6 % vs 37.4 ± 9.5 %, respectively; p < 0.001) and 12 months (BV/TV 51.8 ± 8.8 % vs 42.1 ± 12.6 %, respectively; p = 0.023). No significant levels of inflammation were seen. These results demonstrated the scaffold safety and potential to regenerate both cartilage and subchondral tissues in a large animal model of knee osteochondral lesions.
{"title":"Osteochondral regeneration with a tri-layered biomimetic resorbable scaffold: In vivo study in a sheep model up to 12 months of follow-up.","authors":"Alessandro Di Martino, Manuela Salerno, Elisabetta Galassi, Laura Grillini, Alessandro Dotti, Claudio De Luca, Giuseppe Filardo","doi":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122821","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The treatment of osteochondral joint lesions requires the regeneration of both articular cartilage and subchondral bone tissue. Scaffold-based strategies aimed at mimicking the native osteochondral structure have been explored with mixed results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the regenerative potential of a tri-layered osteochondral cell-free scaffold in a large animal model at both 6 and 12 months of follow-up. Bilateral critical-sized osteochondral defects were created in 22 sheep. One defect was filled with the scaffold, whereas the contralateral was left empty. The repair tissue quality was evaluated at 6 and 12 months of follow-up in terms of macroscopic appearance, histology, trabecular bone formation, and inflammation grade. The mean global ICRS II score in the scaffold and control groups was 41 ± 11 vs 30 ± 6 at 6 months (p = 0.004) and 54 ± 13 vs 37 ± 11 at 12 months (p = 0.002), respectively. A higher percentage of bone was found in the treatment group compared to controls both at 6 (BV/TV 48.8 ± 8.6 % vs 37.4 ± 9.5 %, respectively; p < 0.001) and 12 months (BV/TV 51.8 ± 8.8 % vs 42.1 ± 12.6 %, respectively; p = 0.023). No significant levels of inflammation were seen. These results demonstrated the scaffold safety and potential to regenerate both cartilage and subchondral tissues in a large animal model of knee osteochondral lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":254,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142363674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-07DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122817
The pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA), a disease causing severe medical burden and joint deformities, remains unclear. Chondrocyte death and osteochondral injury caused are the main pathological changes in OA. Thus, inhibiting chondrocyte death and repairing defective osteochondral are two important challenges in the treatment of OA. In this study, we found morphological changes consistent with cell pyroptosis in OA cartilage tissues. To inhibit chondrocyte pyroptosis and delay the progression of OA, we proposed to use decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) and gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) to form a composite hydrogel GelMA/dECM. Regarding osteochondral defect repair, our proposed treatment strategy was hydrogel combined with microfracture (MF) surgery. MF established a biological link between the osteochondral defect and the bone-marrow cavity, prompting the recruitment of bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to the osteochondral defect site, and the retained biopeptides in the hydrogel regulate the polarization of the BMSCs into hyaline cartilage, accelerating the repair of the defect. In vitro/vivo experiments and RNA sequencing analyses demonstrated that GelMA/dECM inhibited the occurrence of chondrocyte pyroptosis and delayed OA disease progression. Hydrogel also recruited numerous of BMSCs and contributed to chondrogenic differentiation, accelerating the in situ repair of defective osteochondral combined with MF. Collectively, GelMA/dECM composite hydrogel inhibited cartilage pyroptosis and reduced the pathway of chondrocyte death. Moreover, the hydrogel combined with microfracture technique could accelerate the repair of osteochondral defects. This is a groundbreaking attempt by tissue engineering, cell biology, and clinical medicine.
骨关节炎(OA)是一种造成严重医疗负担和关节畸形的疾病,其发病机制至今仍不清楚。软骨细胞死亡和骨软骨损伤是 OA 的主要病理变化。因此,抑制软骨细胞死亡和修复缺损的骨软骨是治疗 OA 的两大难题。在本研究中,我们发现 OA 软骨组织的形态学变化与细胞热解相一致。为了抑制软骨细胞的析出并延缓 OA 的进展,我们提出使用脱细胞细胞外基质(dECM)和甲基丙烯酸明胶(GelMA)形成复合水凝胶 GelMA/dECM。在骨软骨缺损修复方面,我们提出的治疗策略是水凝胶与微骨折(MF)手术相结合。微骨折手术在骨软骨缺损和骨髓腔之间建立了生物联系,促使骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)招募到骨软骨缺损部位,而水凝胶中保留的生物肽能调节BMSCs极化为透明软骨,加速缺损的修复。体外/体内实验和 RNA 测序分析表明,GelMA/dECM 可抑制软骨细胞脓毒症的发生,延缓 OA 疾病的发展。水凝胶还能吸引大量 BMSCs,促进软骨源分化,加速结合 MF 的缺损骨软骨的原位修复。总之,GelMA/DECM 复合水凝胶抑制了软骨的脓毒症,减少了软骨细胞的死亡途径。此外,水凝胶与微骨折技术相结合可加速骨软骨缺损的修复。这是组织工程学、细胞生物学和临床医学的一次突破性尝试。
{"title":"Collagen hydrogel-driven pyroptosis suppression and combined microfracture technique delay osteoarthritis progression","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122817","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122817","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA), a disease causing severe medical burden and joint deformities, remains unclear. Chondrocyte death and osteochondral injury caused are the main pathological changes in OA. Thus, inhibiting chondrocyte death and repairing defective osteochondral are two important challenges in the treatment of OA. In this study, we found morphological changes consistent with cell pyroptosis in OA cartilage tissues. To inhibit chondrocyte pyroptosis and delay the progression of OA, we proposed to use decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) and gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) to form a composite hydrogel GelMA/dECM. Regarding osteochondral defect repair, our proposed treatment strategy was hydrogel combined with microfracture (MF) surgery. MF established a biological link between the osteochondral defect and the bone-marrow cavity, prompting the recruitment of bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to the osteochondral defect site, and the retained biopeptides in the hydrogel regulate the polarization of the BMSCs into hyaline cartilage, accelerating the repair of the defect. In vitro/vivo experiments and RNA sequencing analyses demonstrated that GelMA/dECM inhibited the occurrence of chondrocyte pyroptosis and delayed OA disease progression. Hydrogel also recruited numerous of BMSCs and contributed to chondrogenic differentiation, accelerating the in situ repair of defective osteochondral combined with MF. Collectively, GelMA/dECM composite hydrogel inhibited cartilage pyroptosis and reduced the pathway of chondrocyte death. Moreover, the hydrogel combined with microfracture technique could accelerate the repair of osteochondral defects. This is a groundbreaking attempt by tissue engineering, cell biology, and clinical medicine.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":254,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-07DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122808
Postoperative tumor treatment necessitates a delicate balance between eliminating residual tumor cells and promoting surgical wound healing. Addressing this challenge, we harness the innovation and elegance of nature's ingenuity to develop a butterfly-wing-inspired photoactive nanofiber patch (WingPatch), aimed at advancing postoperative care. WingPatch is fabricated using a sophisticated combination of electrostatic spinning and spraying techniques, incorporating black rice powder (BRP) and konjac glucomannan (KGM) into a corn-derived polylactic acid (PLA) nanofiber matrix. This fabrication process yields a paclitaxel-infused porous nanofiber architecture that mirrors the delicate patterns of butterfly wings. Meanwhile, all-natural composites have been selected for their strategic roles in postoperative recovery. BRP offers the dual benefits of photothermal therapy and antibacterial properties, while KGM enhances both antibacterial effectiveness and tissue regeneration. Responsive to near-infrared light, WingPatch ensures robust tissue adhesion and initiates combined photothermal and chemotherapeutic actions to effectively destroy residual tumor cells. Crucially, it simultaneously prevents infections and promotes wound healing throughout the treatment process. Its effectiveness has been confirmed by animal studies, and WingPatch significantly improves treatment outcomes in both breast and liver tumor models. Thus, WingPatch exemplifies our dedication to leveraging natural world's intricate patterns and inventiveness to propel postoperative care forward.
{"title":"Harnessing Nature's ingenuity to engineer butterfly-wing-inspired photoactive nanofiber patches for advanced postoperative tumor treatment","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Postoperative tumor treatment necessitates a delicate balance between eliminating residual tumor cells and promoting surgical wound healing. Addressing this challenge, we harness the innovation and elegance of nature's ingenuity to develop a butterfly-wing-inspired photoactive nanofiber patch (WingPatch), aimed at advancing postoperative care. WingPatch is fabricated using a sophisticated combination of electrostatic spinning and spraying techniques, incorporating black rice powder (BRP) and konjac glucomannan (KGM) into a corn-derived polylactic acid (PLA) nanofiber matrix. This fabrication process yields a paclitaxel-infused porous nanofiber architecture that mirrors the delicate patterns of butterfly wings. Meanwhile, all-natural composites have been selected for their strategic roles in postoperative recovery. BRP offers the dual benefits of photothermal therapy and antibacterial properties, while KGM enhances both antibacterial effectiveness and tissue regeneration. Responsive to near-infrared light, WingPatch ensures robust tissue adhesion and initiates combined photothermal and chemotherapeutic actions to effectively destroy residual tumor cells. Crucially, it simultaneously prevents infections and promotes wound healing throughout the treatment process. Its effectiveness has been confirmed by animal studies, and WingPatch significantly improves treatment outcomes in both breast and liver tumor models. Thus, WingPatch exemplifies our dedication to leveraging natural world's intricate patterns and inventiveness to propel postoperative care forward.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":254,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-07DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122811
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common male sexual disorder characterized by repeated or persistent difficulty in achieving or maintaining an erection. It can arise from various factors, with cavernous nerve injury (CNI) from radical prostatectomy being a predominant cause of iatrogenic ED, posing significant clinical concerns. The complexity of cavernous tissue damage in CNI-induced ED (CNIED) often results in poor efficacy and resistance to conventional vascular ED treatments. To address CNI-induced ED, this study developed a system of magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) loaded with peptides for targeted treatment. Core-shell Fe3O4-coated MSNs were used as drug carriers and loaded with RADA16-I/RAD-RGI peptides (PD) to create a neurotrophic microenvironment to treat peripheral nerve defects. Furthermore, the neuro-targeting peptide HLNILSTLWKYR (PT) was grafted onto MSNs. The in vivo therapeutic effect was evaluated using a rat bilateral cavernous nerve injury (BCNI) model. The results showed that the neuro-targeted Fe3O4@SiO2-PT-PD nanoparticles significantly promoted regeneration of the cavernous nerve and restored erectile function. This promising strategy offers significant clinical potential for treating CNI-induced ED. Nanomedicine technology has the potential to not only improve treatment outcomes but also reduce side effects in healthy cells, paving the way for more accurate targeted repair of cavernous nerve damage.
{"title":"Magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with peptides for the targeted repair of cavernous nerve injury underlying erectile dysfunction","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122811","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common male sexual disorder characterized by repeated or persistent difficulty in achieving or maintaining an erection. It can arise from various factors, with cavernous nerve injury (CNI) from radical prostatectomy being a predominant cause of iatrogenic ED, posing significant clinical concerns. The complexity of cavernous tissue damage in CNI-induced ED (CNIED) often results in poor efficacy and resistance to conventional vascular ED treatments. To address CNI-induced ED, this study developed a system of magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) loaded with peptides for targeted treatment. Core-shell Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-coated MSNs were used as drug carriers and loaded with RADA16-I/RAD-RGI peptides (P<sub>D</sub>) to create a neurotrophic microenvironment to treat peripheral nerve defects. Furthermore, the neuro-targeting peptide HLNILSTLWKYR (P<sub>T</sub>) was grafted onto MSNs. The <em>in vivo</em> therapeutic effect was evaluated using a rat bilateral cavernous nerve injury (BCNI) model. The results showed that the neuro-targeted Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@SiO<sub>2</sub>-P<sub>T</sub>-P<sub>D</sub> nanoparticles significantly promoted regeneration of the cavernous nerve and restored erectile function. This promising strategy offers significant clinical potential for treating CNI-induced ED. Nanomedicine technology has the potential to not only improve treatment outcomes but also reduce side effects in healthy cells, paving the way for more accurate targeted repair of cavernous nerve damage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":254,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-07DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122818
Injuries to the central nervous system, such as stroke and traumatic spinal cord injury, result in an aggregate scar that both limits tissue degeneration and inhibits tissue regeneration. The aggregate scar includes chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), which impede cell migration and axonal outgrowth. Chondroitinase ABC (ChASE) is a potent yet fragile enzyme that degrades CSPGs, and thus may enable tissue regeneration. ChASE37, with 37-point mutations to the native enzyme, has been shown to be more stable than ChASE, but its efficacy has never been tested. To answer this question, we investigated the efficacy of ChASE37 first in vitro using human cell-based assays and then in vivo in a rodent model of stroke. We demonstrated ChASE37 degradation of CSPGs in vitro and the consequent cell adhesion and axonal sprouting now possible using human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neurons. To enable prolonged release of ChASE37 to injured tissue, we expressed it as a fusion protein with a Src homology 3 (SH3) domain and modified an injectable, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) hydrogel with SH3-binding peptides (CMC-bp) using inverse electron-demand Diels−Alder chemistry. We injected this affinity release CMC-bp/SH3-ChASE37 hydrogel epicortically to endothelin-1 stroke-injured rats and confirmed bioactivity via degradation of CSPGs and axonal sprouting in and around the lesion. With CSPG degradation shown both in vitro by greater cell interaction and in vivo with local delivery from a sustained release formulation, we lay the foundation to test the potential of ChASE37 and its delivery by local affinity release for tissue regeneration after stroke.
{"title":"Redesigned chondroitinase ABC degrades inhibitory chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in vitro and in vivo in the stroke-injured rat brain","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Injuries to the central nervous system, such as stroke and traumatic spinal cord injury, result in an aggregate scar that both limits tissue degeneration and inhibits tissue regeneration. The aggregate scar includes chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), which impede cell migration and axonal outgrowth. Chondroitinase ABC (ChASE) is a potent yet fragile enzyme that degrades CSPGs, and thus may enable tissue regeneration. ChASE37, with 37-point mutations to the native enzyme, has been shown to be more stable than ChASE, but its efficacy has never been tested. To answer this question, we investigated the efficacy of ChASE37 first <em>in vitro</em> using human cell-based assays and then <em>in vivo</em> in a rodent model of stroke. We demonstrated ChASE37 degradation of CSPGs <em>in vitro</em> and the consequent cell adhesion and axonal sprouting now possible using human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neurons. To enable prolonged release of ChASE37 to injured tissue, we expressed it as a fusion protein with a Src homology 3 (SH3) domain and modified an injectable, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) hydrogel with SH3-binding peptides (CMC-bp) using inverse electron-demand Diels−Alder chemistry. We injected this affinity release CMC-bp/SH3-ChASE37 hydrogel epicortically to endothelin-1 stroke-injured rats and confirmed bioactivity via degradation of CSPGs and axonal sprouting in and around the lesion. With CSPG degradation shown both <em>in vitro</em> by greater cell interaction and <em>in vivo</em> with local delivery from a sustained release formulation, we lay the foundation to test the potential of ChASE37 and its delivery by local affinity release for tissue regeneration after stroke.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":254,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142961224003521/pdfft?md5=7fcc118e0aa83cb81a5e65e2139980bf&pid=1-s2.0-S0142961224003521-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-06DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122797
Activation of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway by radiotherapy (RT) has a significant effect on eliciting antitumor immune responses. The generation of hydroxyl radical (·OH) storm and the sensitization of STING-relative catalytic reactions could improve radiosensitization-mediated STING activation. Herein, multi-functional radiosensitizer with oxygen vacancies depended mimicking enzyme-like activities was fabricated to produce more dsDNA which benefits intracellular 2′, 3′-cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) generation, together with introducing exogenous cGAMP to activate immune response. MnO2@CeOx nanozymes present enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like and peroxidase (POD)-like activities due to induced oxygen vacancies accelerate the redox cycles from Ce4+ to Ce3+ via intermetallic charge transfer. CeOx shells not only serve as radiosensitizer, but also provide the conjugation site for AMP/GMP to form MnO2@CeOx-GAMP (MCG). Upon X-ray irradiation, MCG with SOD-like activity facilitates the conversion of superoxide anions generated by Ce-sensitization into H2O2 within tumor microenvironment (TME). The downstream POD-like activity catalyzes the elevated H2O2 into a profusion of ·OH for producing more damage DNA fragments. TME-responsive decomposed MCG could supply exogenous cGAMP, meanwhile the releasing Mn2+ improve the sensitivity of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase to dsDNA for producing more cGAMP, resulting in the promotion of STING pathway activation.
放疗(RT)激活干扰素基因刺激器(STING)通路对激发抗肿瘤免疫反应有重要影响。羟基自由基(-OH)风暴的产生和 STING 相关催化反应的敏化可改善放射增敏介导的 STING 激活。在此,我们制作了具有氧空位的多功能放射增敏剂,它具有模拟酶样活性,能产生更多的dsDNA,有利于细胞内2′,3′-环GMP-AMP(cGAMP)的生成,同时还能引入外源cGAMP来激活免疫反应。MnO2@CeOx 纳米酶具有更强的类似超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性,这是由于诱导的氧空位通过金属间电荷转移加速了从 Ce4+ 到 Ce3+ 的氧化还原循环。CeOx 外壳不仅可以作为放射增敏剂,还可以为 AMP/GMP 提供共轭位点,形成 MnO2@CeOx-GAMP(MCG)。在 X 射线照射下,具有 SOD 样活性的 MCG 可促进 Ce 增敏产生的超氧阴离子在肿瘤微环境(TME)中转化为 H2O2。下游的 POD 样活性会将升高的 H2O2 催化成大量的 -OH,从而产生更多的损伤 DNA 片段。TME反应分解的MCG可提供外源cGAMP,同时释放的Mn2+可提高环GMP-AMP合成酶对dsDNA的敏感性,产生更多的cGAMP,从而促进STING通路的激活。
{"title":"MnO2@CeOx-GAMP radiosensitizer with oxygen vacancies depended mimicking enzyme-like activities for radiosensitization-mediated STING pathway activation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122797","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122797","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Activation of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway by radiotherapy (RT) has a significant effect on eliciting antitumor immune responses. The generation of hydroxyl radical (·OH) storm and the sensitization of STING<strong>-</strong>relative catalytic reactions could improve radiosensitization-mediated STING activation. Herein, multi-functional radiosensitizer with oxygen vacancies depended mimicking enzyme-like activities was fabricated to produce more dsDNA which benefits intracellular 2′, 3′-cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) generation, together with introducing exogenous cGAMP to activate immune response. MnO<sub>2</sub>@CeO<sub>x</sub> nanozymes present enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like and peroxidase (POD)-like activities due to induced oxygen vacancies accelerate the redox cycles from Ce<sup>4+</sup> to Ce<sup>3+</sup> via intermetallic charge transfer. CeO<sub>x</sub> shells not only serve as radiosensitizer, but also provide the conjugation site for AMP/GMP to form MnO<sub>2</sub>@CeO<sub>x</sub>-GAMP (MCG). Upon X-ray irradiation, MCG with SOD-like activity facilitates the conversion of superoxide anions generated by Ce<strong>-</strong>sensitization into H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> within tumor microenvironment (TME). The downstream POD-like activity catalyzes the elevated H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> into a profusion of ·OH for producing more damage DNA fragments. TME-responsive decomposed MCG could supply exogenous cGAMP, meanwhile the releasing Mn<sup>2+</sup> improve the sensitivity of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase to dsDNA for producing more cGAMP, resulting in the promotion of STING pathway activation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":254,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-05DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122816
Pro-fibrotic M2-like macrophages are widely implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of lung fibrosis due to their production of pro-fibrotic growth factors and cytokines. Yeast beta-glucan (YBG) microparticles have shown potential as immunomodulators that can convert macrophage polarization from a pro-fibrotic phenotype to an anti-fibrotic phenotype through the engagement of the Dectin-1 receptor. However, the processing conditions used to fabricate YBG microparticles can lead to unpredictable immunomodulatory effects. Herein, we report the use of Pressurized Gas eXpanded liquids (PGX) Technology® to fabricate YBG (PGX-YBG) microparticles with higher surface areas, lower densities, and smaller and more uniform size distributions compared to commercially available spray-dried YBGs. PGX-YBG is shown to activate Dectin-1 more efficiently in vitro while avoiding significant TLR 2/4 activation. Furthermore, PGX-YBG microparticles effectively modulate M2-like fibrosis-inducing murine and human macrophages into fibrosis-suppressing macrophages both in vitro as well as in ex vivo precision-cut murine lung slices, suggesting their potential utility as a therapeutic for addressing a broad spectrum of fibrotic end-point lung diseases.
{"title":"Modulating pro-fibrotic macrophages using yeast beta-glucan microparticles prepared by Pressurized Gas eXpanded liquid (PGX) Technology®","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pro-fibrotic M2-like macrophages are widely implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of lung fibrosis due to their production of pro-fibrotic growth factors and cytokines. Yeast beta-glucan (YBG) microparticles have shown potential as immunomodulators that can convert macrophage polarization from a pro-fibrotic phenotype to an anti-fibrotic phenotype through the engagement of the Dectin-1 receptor. However, the processing conditions used to fabricate YBG microparticles can lead to unpredictable immunomodulatory effects. Herein, we report the use of Pressurized Gas eXpanded liquids (PGX) Technology® to fabricate YBG (PGX-YBG) microparticles with higher surface areas, lower densities, and smaller and more uniform size distributions compared to commercially available spray-dried YBGs. PGX-YBG is shown to activate Dectin-1 more efficiently <em>in vitro</em> while avoiding significant TLR 2/4 activation. Furthermore, PGX-YBG microparticles effectively modulate M2-like fibrosis-inducing murine and human macrophages into fibrosis-suppressing macrophages both <em>in vitro</em> as well as in <em>ex vivo</em> precision-cut murine lung slices, suggesting their potential utility as a therapeutic for addressing a broad spectrum of fibrotic end-point lung diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":254,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142157691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-05DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122813
Wound healing concerns almost all bed-side related diseases. With our increasing comprehension of healing nature, the physical and chemical natures behind the wound microenvironment have been decoupled. Wound care demands timely screening and prompt diagnosis of wound complications such as infection and inflammation. Biosensor by the way of exhaustive collection, delivery, and analysis of data, becomes indispensable to arrive at an ideal healing upshot and controlling complications by capturing in-situ wound status. Electrochemical based sensors carry some potential unstable performance subjected to the electrical circuitry and power access and contamination. The colorimetric sensors are free from those concerns. We report that microsensors designed from O/W/O of capillary fluids can continuously monitor wound temperature, pH and glucose concentration. We combined three different types of microgels to encapsulate liquid crystals of cholesterol, nontoxic fuel litmus and two glucose-sensitizing enzymes. A smartphone applet was then developed to convert wound healing images to RGB of digitalizing data. The microgel dressing effectively demonstrates the local temperature change, pH and glucose levels of the wound in high resolution where a microgel is a 'pixel’. They are highly responsive, reversible and accurate. Monitoring multiple physicochemical and physiological indicators provides tremendous potential with insight into healing processing.
{"title":"Microgels sense wounds' temperature, pH and glucose","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wound healing concerns almost all bed-side related diseases. With our increasing comprehension of healing nature, the physical and chemical natures behind the wound microenvironment have been decoupled. Wound care demands timely screening and prompt diagnosis of wound complications such as infection and inflammation. Biosensor by the way of exhaustive collection, delivery, and analysis of data, becomes indispensable to arrive at an ideal healing upshot and controlling complications by capturing in-situ wound status. Electrochemical based sensors carry some potential unstable performance subjected to the electrical circuitry and power access and contamination. The colorimetric sensors are free from those concerns. We report that microsensors designed from O/W/O of capillary fluids can continuously monitor wound temperature, pH and glucose concentration. We combined three different types of microgels to encapsulate liquid crystals of cholesterol, nontoxic fuel litmus and two glucose-sensitizing enzymes. A smartphone applet was then developed to convert wound healing images to RGB of digitalizing data. The microgel dressing effectively demonstrates the local temperature change, pH and glucose levels of the wound in high resolution where a microgel is a 'pixel’. They are highly responsive, reversible and accurate. Monitoring multiple physicochemical and physiological indicators provides tremendous potential with insight into healing processing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":254,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}