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The Oxford Handbook of Emotion Dysregulation最新文献

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Cognition and Emotion in Emotion Dysregulation 情绪失调中的认知与情绪
Pub Date : 2018-06-07 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190689285.013.4
Kateri McRae, Pareezad Zarolia
Emotion dysregulation often implies that high levels of (frequently negative) emotion are simply not regulated by cognition. However, emotion dysregulation can refer to positive feedback loops that are created and maintained both by a lack of effective cognitive processes that regulate emotion, and by strong effects of emotion on cognition. This chapter first discusses the effect of cognition on emotion, with an emphasis on the effects of attention and cognitive control (e.g., emotion regulation) processes upon emotions. Then, it discusses the effect of emotion on cognition, with an emphasis on attention, memory, decision making, and cognitive control. Finally, it examines the implications of both types of emotion–cognition interactions by discussing the positive-feedback cycles that can produce dysregulated emotion.
情绪失调通常意味着高水平(通常是消极的)情绪根本不受认知的调节。然而,情绪失调可以指由于缺乏有效的调节情绪的认知过程以及情绪对认知的强烈影响而产生和维持的正反馈循环。本章首先讨论认知对情绪的影响,重点是注意和认知控制(如情绪调节)过程对情绪的影响。然后,讨论了情绪对认知的影响,重点是注意、记忆、决策和认知控制。最后,通过讨论可能产生失调情绪的正反馈循环,研究了两种类型的情绪-认知相互作用的含义。
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引用次数: 4
Functionalist and Constructionist Perspectives on Emotion Dysregulation 情绪失调的功能主义和建构主义观点
Pub Date : 2018-02-05 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190689285.013.1
Theodore P. Beauchaine, Nathaniel Haines
Two theoretical perspectives—functionalism and constructionism—predominate modern research on emotion. This introductory chapter describes these perspectives and offers points of convergence and divergence. It pays special attention to common misconceptions about functionalism and to strengths and limitations of each perspective. Functionalism, which draws in part from phylogenetic accounts of emotion and motivation, is limited by difficulties drawing inferences about human emotion from animal research, even though animal research is conducted using very precise methods of high spatial and temporal resolution. In contrast, constructionism is limited by difficulties falsifying its core propositions given reliance on research using functional magnetic resonance imaging, which has poor temporal resolution. These limitations notwithstanding, both functionalism and constructionism have much to offer current interpretations of and future research on emotion dysregulation. Thus, pitting the perspectives against one other is counterproductive.
功能主义和建构主义两种理论视角主导着现代情感研究。这一导论章描述了这些观点,并提供了趋同点和分歧点。它特别关注关于功能主义的常见误解以及每种观点的优势和局限性。功能主义部分来源于对情感和动机的系统发育描述,但由于难以从动物研究中推断人类情感而受到限制,尽管动物研究是使用非常精确的高空间和时间分辨率方法进行的。相比之下,建构主义受到难以证伪其核心命题的限制,因为它依赖于功能性磁共振成像的研究,而功能性磁共振成像的时间分辨率较差。尽管存在这些局限性,但功能主义和建构主义都可以为当前对情绪失调的解释和未来的研究提供很多帮助。因此,将观点相互对立是适得其反的。
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引用次数: 6
Emotions as Regulators of Social Behavior 情绪作为社会行为的调节者
Pub Date : 2018-02-05 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190689285.013.3
L. Beckes, Weston Layne Edwards
This chapter provides an overview and novel theoretical synthesis of the literature on how and why emotions regulate social behaviors. It outlines how theorists in this domain have long disagreed on how to conceptualize the role of evolution and innateness in terms of functions of emotions. Parsing theoretical and empirical traditions by level of domain specificity, the chapter argues for a domain-relevant approach to emotion, which is more congruent with current understanding of neurodevelopment and gene–environment interactions. It examines emotion as emergent information about the motivational landscape and offers an alternative metaphorical approach to thinking about evolution as it relates to socioemotional life based on river formation and change.
本章提供了关于情绪如何以及为什么调节社会行为的文献的概述和新的理论综合。它概述了这一领域的理论家如何长期以来在如何概念化进化和先天的作用方面存在分歧。本章通过领域特异性水平分析理论和经验传统,提出了一种与情感领域相关的方法,这更符合当前对神经发育和基因-环境相互作用的理解。它将情感作为关于动机景观的紧急信息进行研究,并提供了一种替代的隐喻方法来思考进化,因为它与基于河流形成和变化的社会情感生活有关。
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引用次数: 2
Emotion Dysregulation and Childhood Trauma 情绪失调与童年创伤
Pub Date : 2018-02-05 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190689285.013.19
P. Kerig
This chapter describes theoretical models and empirical research devoted to understanding the aftermath of childhood trauma exposure and discusses the value of considering posttraumatic stress from an emotion dysregulation perspective. After describing definitional controversies in the field related to both trauma and posttraumatic stress, this chapter summarizes research on the effects of chronic, prolonged, and repeated traumatic experiences in childhood, such as maltreatment, with particular attention to its potential to compromise development of adaptive emotion regulation capacities. The role of emotion dysregulation in leading theoretical models of posttraumatic stress is presented, as well as empirical research testing the hypothesis that emotion dysregulation represents an underlying developmental mechanism through which childhood trauma affects functioning over the lifespan. Future directions include a need for clarification in conceptualization and measurement, further developmental processes to be considered, and opportunities for translational work to inform intervention efforts.
本章描述了理论模型和实证研究,致力于理解儿童创伤暴露的后果,并讨论了从情绪失调的角度考虑创伤后应激的价值。在描述了与创伤和创伤后应激相关领域的定义争议之后,本章总结了关于儿童时期慢性、长期和反复创伤经历(如虐待)的影响的研究,特别关注其损害适应性情绪调节能力发展的可能性。本文介绍了情绪失调在创伤后应激的主要理论模型中的作用,并进行了实证研究,验证了情绪失调是一种潜在的发展机制,通过这种机制,童年创伤会影响整个生命周期的功能。未来的方向包括需要澄清概念化和测量,需要考虑进一步的发展过程,以及为干预工作提供翻译工作的机会。
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引用次数: 5
Emotion Dysregulation in Addiction 成瘾中的情绪失调
Pub Date : 2018-02-05 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190689285.013.23
E. Garland, Spencer Bell, Rachel M. Atchley, B. Froeliger
Several decades of scientific research provide strong evidence that individuals who suffer from emotion dysregulation, such as that observed in depression and anxiety, are more vulnerable to addictive behavior. Furthermore, a growing body of studies indicates that chronic use of addictive substances dysregulates emotional responding. Emerging research also suggests that recurrent drug use and addiction are associated with deficits in the capacity to proactively regulate negative and positive emotions. This chapter synthesizes evidence from clinical and neuroscientific studies on effects of addictive behavior (including misuse of prescription opioids, addiction to cigarettes, and addiction to more powerful stimulants) on emotion dysregulation to outline an integrative model of emotion dysregulation in addiction. This model has implications for treatment development and further scientific investigation.
几十年的科学研究提供了强有力的证据,表明患有情绪失调的人,比如抑郁症和焦虑症患者,更容易产生成瘾行为。此外,越来越多的研究表明,长期使用成瘾物质会使情绪反应失调。新兴研究还表明,反复吸毒和成瘾与主动调节消极和积极情绪的能力不足有关。本章综合了成瘾行为(包括滥用处方阿片类药物、对香烟上瘾和对更强的兴奋剂上瘾)对情绪失调影响的临床和神经科学研究的证据,概述了成瘾中情绪失调的综合模型。该模型对治疗发展和进一步的科学研究具有启示意义。
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引用次数: 12
Emotion Dysregulation and Eating Disorders 情绪失调和饮食失调
Pub Date : 2018-02-05 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190689285.013.24
S. Racine, Sarah A Horvath
This chapter reviews evidence for the role of emotion dysregulation in the etiology and maintenance of eating disorders. It examines theoretical models that describe functional relations between emotions and eating disorder behaviors. Data from self-report questionnaire studies, ecological momentary assessment, and experimental research designs are considered, with a focus on identifying similarities and differences in emotion dysregulation across eating disorders. The chapter concludes by describing a model in which stable (i.e., trait) emotion regulation difficulties increase the likelihood of using maladaptive strategies, such as eating disorder behaviors, to regulate emotions. Future work must identify factors that predict whether someone will express trait emotion dysregulation as an eating disorder versus another psychiatric disorder, and whether emotion dysregulation maintains eating disorders and can be targeted in treatment.
本章回顾了情绪失调在饮食失调的病因和维持中的作用的证据。它考察了描述情绪和饮食失调行为之间功能关系的理论模型。本文考虑了自我报告问卷研究、生态瞬时评估和实验研究设计的数据,重点是确定饮食失调患者情绪失调的异同。本章最后描述了一个模型,在这个模型中,稳定(即特质)情绪调节困难增加了使用适应不良策略(如饮食失调行为)来调节情绪的可能性。未来的工作必须确定一些因素,以预测某人是否会将特质情绪失调表现为饮食失调,而不是另一种精神障碍,以及情绪失调是否会维持饮食失调,并可以在治疗中有针对性。
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引用次数: 9
Neuroimaging of Emotion Dysregulation 情绪失调的神经影像
Pub Date : 2018-02-05 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190689285.013.14
J. Leshin, Kristen A. Lindquist
Affective neuroscience, the study of neural mechanisms that give rise to emotional experiences in humans and animals, has a short but rich history. Almost three decades old, affective neuroscience has predominantly taken two theoretical approaches to understanding the brain bases of human emotions, and thus, two stances on the brain bases of emotion dysregulation. One approach, the traditional approach, argues that specific emotions are hardwired in human biology with specific neural underpinnings or signatures for said emotions. The second approach, a psychological constructionist approach, argues that each experienced emotion emerges not from a specific, dedicated anatomical circuit, but from an interplay of broad networks in the brain that are involved in general operations of the mind. This chapter provides an overview of these two theoretical approaches with a specific focus on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) findings. It concludes with evidence suggesting how emotion dysregulation may arise and links this work to clinical fMRI investigations of anxiety disorders. It closes by suggesting future directions affective neuroscience may take to better understand processes underlying dysregulated emotions.
情感神经科学是一门研究人类和动物产生情感体验的神经机制的学科,历史虽短,但却很丰富。近三十年来,情感神经科学主要采用两种理论方法来理解人类情绪的大脑基础,因此,对情绪失调的大脑基础有两种立场。一种方法,即传统方法,认为特定的情绪在人类生物学中是根深蒂固的,具有特定的神经基础或特征。第二种方法是一种心理建构主义方法,它认为每一种体验到的情绪都不是来自于一个特定的、专门的解剖回路,而是来自于大脑中广泛的网络的相互作用,这些网络参与了大脑的一般运作。本章概述了这两种理论方法,并特别关注功能磁共振成像(fMRI)的发现。它的结论是有证据表明情绪失调是如何产生的,并将这项工作与焦虑症的临床功能磁共振成像调查联系起来。最后,它提出了情感神经科学未来可能采取的方向,以更好地理解情绪失调背后的过程。
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引用次数: 7
Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Treatment of Emotion Dysregulation 辩证行为疗法与情绪失调的治疗
Pub Date : 2018-02-05 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190689285.013.32
A. Chapman, Nora H. Hope
Developed to treat highly suicidal patients and often associated with the treatment of borderline personality disorder (BPD), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) has evolved into a transdiagnostic treatment addressing emotion dysregulation. DBT is an emotion-focused, comprehensive cognitive-behavioral treatment including individual therapy, group skills training, between-session skills coaching (phone coaching), and a therapist consultation team. Several elements of DBT address emotion dysregulation directly or indirectly, including emotion regulation skills, distress tolerance strategies to dampen physiological arousal and curb impulses to engage in problematic behaviors, and individual therapy interventions to reduce emotion dysregulation. Growing evidence suggests that DBT may address behavioral, cognitive, physiological, and neurobiological aspects of emotion dysregulation. Future directions should include increasing multimethod research on the effects of DBT on emotion dysregulation, streamlining treatment, making DBT more efficient and targeted, and conceptualizing DBT’s place within the spectrum of other emotion-focused transdiagnostic treatments.
辩证行为疗法(DBT)用于治疗高自杀患者,通常与边缘型人格障碍(BPD)的治疗相关联,已经发展成为一种针对情绪失调的跨诊断治疗。DBT是一种以情绪为中心的综合认知行为治疗,包括个体治疗、团体技能训练、间歇技能指导(电话指导)和治疗师咨询团队。DBT的几个要素直接或间接地解决情绪失调,包括情绪调节技巧、抑制生理唤醒和抑制问题行为冲动的痛苦容忍策略,以及减少情绪失调的个体治疗干预。越来越多的证据表明,DBT可以解决情绪失调的行为、认知、生理和神经生物学方面的问题。未来的方向应该包括增加对DBT对情绪失调影响的多方法研究,简化治疗,使DBT更有效和更有针对性,以及概念化DBT在其他以情绪为中心的跨诊断治疗中的地位。
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引用次数: 0
Interpersonal Processes and the Development of Emotion Dysregulation 人际过程与情绪失调的发展
Pub Date : 2018-02-05 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190689285.013.11
Sarah A Stoycos, G. Corner, Mona Khaled, D. Saxbe
Emotion regulation and dysregulation often unfold within interpersonal contexts. Parent–child relationships provide early scaffolding of emotion regulation processes. Parents attune to, and influence, their children’s emotions, through pathways such as physical touch, infant cry, facial expressions, and stress physiology. Interpersonal emotion regulation and dysregulation processes continue to evolve within other close relationship contexts such as romantic couple relationships in adulthood. Partners shape each other’s emotion regulation through stress contagion and physiological interconnection, and through interactions that can be conflictual or supportive. This chapter reviews the theoretical foundations and the existing literature describing how emotion regulation and dysregulation take place within interpersonal relationships.
情绪调节和失调通常在人际环境中展开。亲子关系为情绪调节过程提供了早期的框架。父母通过身体接触、婴儿哭声、面部表情和压力生理等途径来调节和影响孩子的情绪。人际情绪调节和失调过程在其他亲密关系环境中继续发展,如成年后的浪漫伴侣关系。伴侣通过压力传染和生理联系,以及通过冲突或支持的互动,塑造彼此的情绪调节。本章回顾了人际关系中情绪调节和失调发生的理论基础和现有文献。
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引用次数: 0
Emotion Dysregulation and Borderline Personality Disorder 情绪失调和边缘型人格障碍
Pub Date : 2018-02-05 DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190689285.013.26
K. Dixon-Gordon, Lauren A. Haliczer, L. C. Conkey
Emotion dysregulation has been theorized to either directly or indirectly drive many of the symptoms associated with borderline personality disorder. In this chapter, several current controversies in this body of work are reviewed. The chapter presents the role of emotion dysregulation in theories of the development and maintenance of borderline personality disorder. Further, it reviews the state of research on emotional responding in borderline personality disorder, focusing on any evidence of emotional sensitivity, reactivity, and time course. Building on this review, the chapter summarizes recent advances in the study of difficulties in emotion regulation capacities and strategies in the context of this disorder. In addition, it outlines the links between emotion dysregulation and other problems in borderline personality disorder. Finally, this chapter highlights the limitations and future directions in this line of work.
从理论上讲,情绪失调直接或间接地驱动了许多与边缘型人格障碍相关的症状。在本章中,回顾了这一工作中当前的几个争议。本章介绍了情绪失调在边缘型人格障碍发展和维持理论中的作用。进一步回顾了边缘型人格障碍情绪反应的研究现状,重点关注情绪敏感性、反应性和时间过程的证据。在此综述的基础上,本章总结了在这种障碍的背景下情绪调节能力和策略的困难研究的最新进展。此外,它还概述了情绪失调与边缘型人格障碍中其他问题之间的联系。最后,本章强调了这一领域的局限性和未来发展方向。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
The Oxford Handbook of Emotion Dysregulation
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