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2017 19th International Conference on Intelligent System Application to Power Systems (ISAP)最新文献

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An overview of control architecture for next generation smart grids 下一代智能电网控制体系结构概述
A. Shahid
Smart grids are becoming practical nowadays with their integrated, complex and communicative architecture. The addition of renewable energy sources, control automation, information and communication technologies (ICT), advanced monitoring and protection and smart metering has further increased the complexity. Next generation smart grid will act as an interactive energy web with multi-way communication, multi-directional power flow, distributed intelligence including control, stability and optimization. To enable this type of architecture, the performance constraints in control design such as power fluctuations, voltage unbalance, frequency mismatch, transition management and fault handling need to be addressed. This intelligent network must be scalable and flexible under variable operating conditions for efficient, reliable, and economic operation. An overview of the control architecture for next generation smart grids is provided in this paper.
如今,智能电网以其集成化、复杂化和通信化的架构正变得越来越实用。可再生能源、控制自动化、信息和通信技术(ICT)、先进的监控和保护以及智能计量的加入进一步增加了复杂性。下一代智能电网将作为一个具有多路通信、多向潮流、分布式智能(包括控制、稳定和优化)的交互式能源网络。为了实现这种类型的架构,需要解决控制设计中的性能限制,如功率波动、电压不平衡、频率不匹配、转换管理和故障处理。这种智能网络必须在各种运行条件下具有可扩展性和灵活性,以实现高效、可靠和经济的运行。本文概述了下一代智能电网的控制体系结构。
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引用次数: 6
Statistical analysis and modeling of plug-in electric vehicle charging demand in distribution systems 配电网插电式电动汽车充电需求的统计分析与建模
Qin Yan, Cheng Qian, Bei Zhang, M. Kezunovic
This paper establishes stochastic model of plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) charging and derives the probabilistic description of the electricity needs from EV charging for one charging station at any hour of a day. Three key variables are used to characterize the stochastic behavior of EV charging: starting time of charging, state of charge (SOC), and total number of charging EVs. The electricity needs of an EV charging station is a function of time, which can be depicted by the expectation of charging needs at a certain time of day. Numerical simulations are implemented to validate the proposed analysis approach and illustrate the impact of EVs' charging demand on the distribution systems.
建立了插电式电动汽车充电的随机模型,导出了一个充电站在一天中任意时刻电动汽车充电的电力需求的概率描述。使用三个关键变量来表征电动汽车充电的随机行为:充电开始时间、充电状态(SOC)和充电电动汽车总数。电动汽车充电站的用电需求是时间的函数,可以用一天中某一时刻的充电需求期望值来表示。通过数值仿真验证了所提出的分析方法,并说明了电动汽车充电需求对配电系统的影响。
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引用次数: 19
Real-time detection of malicious PMU data 实时检测PMU恶意数据
Zeyu Mao, T. Xu, T. Overbye
The growing installation of phasor measurement units (PMUs) provide grid operators wide-area situational awareness while introducing additional vulnerabilities to power systems from the cyber security point of view. This paper presents an online method to detect ongoing contingencies in the system and bad data injection on its PMU network. To do so, the principal component analysis is applied to leverage the spatial and temporal correlations among the synchrophasor data. Pattern match and data reconstruction are proposed to identify incident types and find their most possible locations. Case studies are carried out on a 150-bus system to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
越来越多的相量测量单元(pmu)的安装为电网运营商提供了广域态势感知,同时从网络安全的角度给电力系统带来了额外的漏洞。本文提出了一种在线检测系统突发事件和PMU网络中不良数据注入的方法。为此,应用主成分分析来利用同步数据之间的空间和时间相关性。提出了模式匹配和数据重构的方法来识别事件类型并找到它们最可能发生的位置。以150辆巴士系统为例进行了个案研究,以证明所建议方案的有效性。
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引用次数: 9
Multi-agent based distributed power agreement for enhanced frequency response of transmission systems 基于多智能体的分布式电力协议增强传输系统的频率响应
Muhammad Umer Qureshi, S. Grijalva
In this paper, we propose a distributed open loop control algorithm for large-scale transmission systems having multiple control areas exchanging power through tie-lines. Inspired from graph theoretic methods in multi-agent systems, it ensures a high degree of coordination among control areas to improve the frequency response with minimal inter-area oscillations in case of sudden loss of generation. Local nodes associated with generation units coordinate with regional nodes monitoring tie-line flows to ensure load-generation balance is maintained at all times with sparse information exchange. We develop a Cyber-Physical abstraction which allows for a scalable architecture that is independent of the internal dynamics of the control areas. Consequently, these areas can quantitatively predefine their contribution in frequency restoration during primary control. We perform simulations on a test system resulting in improved frequency response and reduced deviation from the nominal frequency, demonstrating the efficacy of our proposed protocol.
针对具有多个控制区的大型输电系统,提出了一种分布式开环控制算法。受多智能体系统中的图论方法的启发,它保证了控制区域之间的高度协调,从而在突然断电的情况下以最小的区域间振荡改善频率响应。与发电机组相关联的本地节点与监测联络线流量的区域节点进行协调,通过稀疏的信息交换,确保始终保持负荷发电平衡。我们开发了一种网络物理抽象,它允许独立于控制区域内部动态的可扩展架构。因此,这些区域可以定量地预先定义它们在初级控制期间对频率恢复的贡献。我们在测试系统上进行了模拟,结果改善了频率响应并减少了与标称频率的偏差,证明了我们提出的协议的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Modified teaching-learning based optimization algorithm and damping of inter-area oscillations through VSC-HVDC 改进的基于教与学的优化算法及VSC-HVDC区域间振荡的抑制
M. Ramirez, R. Castellanos, J. Calderón
A modified Teaching-Learning Based Optimization (MTLBO) Algorithm is proposed to reduce the computational time involved in the optimization process of the original TLBO technique. Proposed MTLBO is applied to the design of a power oscillation damping controller (PODC), inserted in one of the converters of a VSC-HVDC link, to modulate active power and contribute to enhancing the inter-area power oscillations of a two-area power system model. Performance comparison of MTLBO and TLBO algorithms during the optimization process is carried out and the effect of PODCs tuned with both of these techniques is evaluated and illustrated through the application and simulation of system perturbations in the sample power system. Simulation results show that MTLBO can achieve a very comparable performance to TLBO, but at a significantly reduced computational time.
提出了一种改进的基于教学的优化算法(MTLBO),以减少原TLBO技术优化过程中的计算时间。将所提出的MTLBO应用于功率振荡阻尼控制器(PODC)的设计,该控制器插入到VSC-HVDC链路的其中一个变流器中,以调制有功功率并有助于增强两区电力系统模型的区域间功率振荡。对MTLBO和TLBO算法在优化过程中的性能进行了比较,并通过系统扰动在样本电力系统中的应用和仿真,评估和说明了用这两种技术调谐的PODCs的效果。仿真结果表明,MTLBO可以达到与TLBO相当的性能,但大大减少了计算时间。
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引用次数: 0
Fuzzy logic approach for inertial and frequency response from converter based wind power units 基于变流器的风力发电机组惯性和频率响应的模糊逻辑方法
M. Ramirez, R. Castellanos, J. Calderón
A fuzzy logic controller is proposed to perform the functions of supplementary inertial and frequency control in wind turbine generating units. Expert knowledge governing the performance of the proposed fuzzy logic approach for frequency support in this study is expressed by a set of fuzzy rules extracted from a common symmetrical rule table widely used in the literature. A sample multi-machine power system is used to evaluate the performance of the proposed fuzzy controller under system frequency drop perturbations. Time domain simulation results show that the proposed alternative can indeed improve the frequency nadir following grid frequency declines, as compared to the performance of a conventional inertial controller.
提出了一种用于风力发电机组补充惯性和频率控制的模糊控制器。控制本研究中所提出的频率支持模糊逻辑方法性能的专家知识由一组从文献中广泛使用的常见对称规则表中提取的模糊规则表示。以多机电力系统为例,对所提模糊控制器在系统频降扰动下的性能进行了评价。时域仿真结果表明,与传统惯性控制器相比,该方法确实能改善网格频率下降后的频率最低点。
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引用次数: 5
Improving power system neural network construction using modal analysis 利用模态分析改进电力系统神经网络的构建
Joshua Johnson, S. Hossain-McKenzie, U. Bui, Sriharsha Etigowni, K. Davis, S. Zonouz
Historically, the structure of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has been defined through trial-and-error or excessive computation leading to reduced accuracy and increased training time, respectively. For many disciplines, especially power systems, models must both be accurate and support fast computations in order to be viable for large-scale use. These requirements often render poorly structured ANNs useless. However, using power system behavioral knowledge to create an ANN structure could provide a near best case estimate for a model that maximizes accuracy and minimizes computational run-time. This paper considers the relationship between the dominant modes of a power system and the hidden neurons (units) in an ANN. In this study, several ANNs were created with varying number of neurons. These ANNs were used to predict rotor angle response to faults at generator buses that were cleared at varying times and compared with actual responses, as obtained through simulation. The number of neurons used include the hypothesized dominant mode number and five known heuristic estimates. The resultant method is a domain-dependent algorithm to structure an ANN without relying on trial-and-error or additional unnecessary computation time for power system models.
从历史上看,人工神经网络(ANN)的结构是通过反复试验或过度计算来定义的,分别导致准确性降低和训练时间增加。对于许多学科,特别是电力系统,模型必须既准确又支持快速计算,以便大规模使用。这些需求往往使结构不良的人工神经网络变得无用。然而,使用电力系统行为知识来创建人工神经网络结构可以为模型提供接近最佳的情况估计,从而最大化准确性和最小化计算运行时间。本文研究了神经网络中电力系统的主导模式与隐藏神经元(单元)之间的关系。在本研究中,用不同数量的神经元创建了几个人工神经网络。这些人工神经网络用于预测发电机母线在不同时间清除故障时的转子角响应,并与仿真得到的实际响应进行比较。使用的神经元数量包括假设的主导模式数和五个已知的启发式估计。所得到的方法是一种领域相关的算法来构建人工神经网络,而不依赖于对电力系统模型的试错或额外的不必要的计算时间。
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引用次数: 3
A novel deterministic and probabilistic dynamic security assessment approach for isolated microgrids 孤立微电网确定性和概率动态安全评估新方法
S. Mashayekh, K. Butler-Purry
Isolated microgrids are prone to large frequency and voltage deviations, due to limited generation capacity, finite generation inertia, and possibly including large portions of dynamic loads. They require effective security-constrained power management methods, which operate the system optimally, while satisfying the security constraints. Region-based security assessment is popular for real-time security-constrained power management, thanks to its low calculation burden. This paper presents a systematic method to assess an approximation of the system deterministic or probabilistic (risk-based) Dynamic Secure Region (DSR) in isolated microgrids. To demonstrate how the method works, it was implemented on a notional isolated microgrid in an all-electric ship. The results showed the effectiveness of the proposed DSR assessment method.
由于有限的发电容量,有限的发电惯性,以及可能包含大部分动态负荷,孤立的微电网容易出现较大的频率和电压偏差。它们需要有效的安全约束电源管理方法,在满足安全约束的同时使系统运行最佳。基于区域的安全评估因其计算量小而受到实时安全约束的电源管理的青睐。本文提出了一种在孤立微电网中评估系统确定性或概率(基于风险的)动态安全区域(DSR)近似值的系统方法。为了演示该方法是如何工作的,在一艘全电动船上的一个概念隔离微电网上实施了该方法。结果表明了所提出的DSR评价方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 4
Hybrid cascading outage analysis of extreme events with optimized corrective actions 极端事件的混合级联中断分析和优化的纠正措施
M. Vallem, B. Vyakaranam, Jesse T. Holzer, N. Samaan, Y. Makarov, R. Diao, Qiuhua Huang, Xinda Ke
Power systems are vulnerable to extreme contingencies (like an outage of a major generating substation) that can cause significant generation and load loss and can lead to further cascading outages of other transmission facilities and generators in the system. Some cascading outages are seen within minutes following a major contingency, which may not be captured using only the dynamic simulation of the power system that are usually run for 30 or 40 seconds. The utilities plan for contingencies based on either dynamic or steady-state analysis separately, which may not accurately capture the effect of one process on the other. We addressed this gap in cascading outage analysis by developing the Dynamic Contingency Analysis Tool (DCAT), which can analyze the hybrid dynamic and steady-state behavior of power systems including protection system models in dynamic simulations, and by simulating corrective actions in post-transient steady-state conditions. One of the important implemented steady-state processes is to mimic operator corrective actions to mitigate aggravated states caused by dynamic cascading. This paper formulates an optimization model, called Optimal Power Flow with Corrective Actions (OPFCA), for selecting corrective actions that utility operators can take during major contingencies and thus automate hybrid dynamic/steady-state cascading outage mitigation. The improved DCAT framework with OPFCA is demonstrated on the 3120-bus Polish system.
电力系统很容易受到极端突发事件的影响(如主要变电站的停电),这些突发事件可能导致严重的发电和负荷损失,并可能导致系统中其他输电设施和发电机的进一步级联停电。在重大突发事件发生后的几分钟内就可以看到一些级联停电,仅使用通常运行30或40秒的电力系统动态模拟可能无法捕获。公用事业公司分别基于动态或稳态分析来制定应急计划,这可能无法准确地捕捉到一个过程对另一个过程的影响。我们通过开发动态应急分析工具(DCAT)解决了级联停电分析中的这一空白,该工具可以分析电力系统的混合动态和稳态行为,包括动态仿真中的保护系统模型,并通过模拟瞬态后稳态条件下的纠正措施。一个重要的实现稳态过程是模拟操作员的纠正行动,以减轻由动态级联引起的恶化状态。本文建立了一个优化模型,称为带纠正措施的最优潮流(OPFCA),用于选择公用事业运营商在重大突发事件中可以采取的纠正措施,从而自动实现混合动态/稳态级联停电缓解。在3120总线的波兰系统上演示了改进的OPFCA DCAT框架。
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引用次数: 4
Reserve costs allocation model for energy and reserve market simulation 能源储备成本分配模型及储备市场模拟
T. Pinto, A. Gazafroudi, Francisco Prieto-Castrillo, Gabriel Santos, Francisco Silva, J. Corchado, Z. Vale
This paper proposes a new model to allocate reserve costs among the involved players, considering the characteristics of the several entities, and the particular circumstances at each moment. The proposed model is integrated in the Multi-Agent Simulator of Competitive Electricity Markets (MASCEM), which enables complementing the multi-agent simulation of diverse electricity market models, by including the joint simulation of energy and reserve markets. In this context, the proposed model allows allocating the payment of reserve costs that result from the reserve market. A simulation based on real data from the Iberian electricity market — MIBEL, is presented. Simulation results show the advantages of the proposed model in sharing the reserve costs fairly and accordingly to the different circumstances. This work thus contributes the study of novel market models towards the evolution of power and energy systems by adapting current models to the new paradigm of high penetration of renewable energy generation.
本文提出了一种新的模型,在考虑各参与方的特点和各时刻的特殊情况下,在参与方之间分配储备成本。该模型集成在竞争电力市场的多智能体模拟器(MASCEM)中,通过包括能源和储备市场的联合模拟,可以补充多种电力市场模型的多智能体模拟。在这种情况下,提出的模型允许分配由储备市场产生的储备成本的支付。基于伊比利亚电力市场MIBEL的实际数据进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,该模型在公平分配储备成本方面具有优势。因此,这项工作通过使现有模型适应可再生能源发电的高渗透新范式,有助于研究电力和能源系统演变的新市场模型。
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引用次数: 14
期刊
2017 19th International Conference on Intelligent System Application to Power Systems (ISAP)
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