Pub Date : 2018-09-12DOI: 10.19080/IJOPRS.2018.03.555622
F. Spelta
Noteworthy, it is the trajectory of weight changes during time that has to be carefully considered in these patients, being unintended weight loss an accepted determinant of reduced survival [2] rather than a compensatory mechanism to decrease metabolic rate in the advanced stages of the disease or an unavoidable epiphenomenon of the very end-stage. Indeed, the most severe the disease, the higher the prevalence of underweight patients [1,3]. A similar trend is related to the emphysema extent, where an association with loss of fat and Fat-Free Mass (FFM) has been observed, leading to a decreased BMI [4]. Moreover, Lung Volume Reduction Surgery (LVRS) has been demonstrated to significantly increase BMI and ameliorate health status [5]. Taken together, these evidences suggest a close interaction between body weight and the disease itself: different characteristics of the disease (both clinical severity and pathological and anatomical features) have a strong and significant impact on body weight and composition.
{"title":"The Body (Weight and Composition) of Evidence in COPD","authors":"F. Spelta","doi":"10.19080/IJOPRS.2018.03.555622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/IJOPRS.2018.03.555622","url":null,"abstract":"Noteworthy, it is the trajectory of weight changes during time that has to be carefully considered in these patients, being unintended weight loss an accepted determinant of reduced survival [2] rather than a compensatory mechanism to decrease metabolic rate in the advanced stages of the disease or an unavoidable epiphenomenon of the very end-stage. Indeed, the most severe the disease, the higher the prevalence of underweight patients [1,3]. A similar trend is related to the emphysema extent, where an association with loss of fat and Fat-Free Mass (FFM) has been observed, leading to a decreased BMI [4]. Moreover, Lung Volume Reduction Surgery (LVRS) has been demonstrated to significantly increase BMI and ameliorate health status [5]. Taken together, these evidences suggest a close interaction between body weight and the disease itself: different characteristics of the disease (both clinical severity and pathological and anatomical features) have a strong and significant impact on body weight and composition.","PeriodicalId":257243,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pulmonary & Respiratory Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117151156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-16DOI: 10.19080/ijoprs.2018.03.555620
I. Khan
{"title":"Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder and Subsequent Carcinoma of Lung: Rare Combination of Two Primary Carcinomas with Different Histopathology","authors":"I. Khan","doi":"10.19080/ijoprs.2018.03.555620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/ijoprs.2018.03.555620","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":257243,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pulmonary & Respiratory Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117239011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-03DOI: 10.19080/IJOPRS.2018.03.555619
A. Mohamed
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates, the number of human rabies deaths in Asia is more than 31,000 per year, of which more than 20,000 occur in India alone. India thus accounts for 36 % of the global human rabies death burden. Rabies is endemic in India except in Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep islands, which are historically known to be rabies-free. The extent of rabies burden among animals in the country is not exactly known, but the incidence of the disease is quite high, and the disease is frequently encountered in different parts of the country. The description of the outbreaks of rabies in animals during the years 1996 to 2004 reported to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). India reported 586 outbreaks among different species of animals leading to death of 2,463 animals during this period.
{"title":"In Vitro Preparation of H2O2 Inactivated Rabies Vaccine and Related Immunogenicity","authors":"A. Mohamed","doi":"10.19080/IJOPRS.2018.03.555619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/IJOPRS.2018.03.555619","url":null,"abstract":"According to the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates, the number of human rabies deaths in Asia is more than 31,000 per year, of which more than 20,000 occur in India alone. India thus accounts for 36 % of the global human rabies death burden. Rabies is endemic in India except in Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep islands, which are historically known to be rabies-free. The extent of rabies burden among animals in the country is not exactly known, but the incidence of the disease is quite high, and the disease is frequently encountered in different parts of the country. The description of the outbreaks of rabies in animals during the years 1996 to 2004 reported to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). India reported 586 outbreaks among different species of animals leading to death of 2,463 animals during this period.","PeriodicalId":257243,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pulmonary & Respiratory Sciences","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129179136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-30DOI: 10.19080/IJOPRS.2018.03.555614
I. Chaudhry
{"title":"Pulmonary Hydatid Cysts Causing Massive Hemoptysis and Hydatoptysis Treated Surgically: A Case Report and Review of Literature","authors":"I. Chaudhry","doi":"10.19080/IJOPRS.2018.03.555614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/IJOPRS.2018.03.555614","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":257243,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pulmonary & Respiratory Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121511551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.19080/ijoprs.2021.05.555653
Sona Hakobyan
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Alveolar Macrophages in Main Farm Animals","authors":"Sona Hakobyan","doi":"10.19080/ijoprs.2021.05.555653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/ijoprs.2021.05.555653","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":257243,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pulmonary & Respiratory Sciences","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121452859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.19080/ijoprs.2021.05.555652
Sona Hakobyan
Both African swine fever virus (ASFV) and Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) are important pathogens in veterinary. ASFV causes African swine fever (ASF) in pigs and RHDV causes rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD) in rabbits. Secondary lung pathology was investigated for these diseases as one of the consequences of viraemia. Rabbits and pigs were taken for the observation of these diseases. Imprint smears of the lungs, lung tissue and blood samples from intact and infected animals were taken for the exploration. Afterwards, some observations were done for each animal: histopathological analysis of lungs, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell population counting and detection of serum TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and NO levels. Histopathological analysis showed many hemorrhages in lung tissue. BAL analysis presented significant changes in cell population. Serum levels of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and NO were increased. From the results can be concluded, that there are many similarities in the secondary lung pathology for these viruses and the main mechanism of lung tissue pathology is the high vascular permeability caused by changes in cytokines and NO levels. histopathologic observation of lung tissues and examination of serum levels of NO, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma. The mechanisms of lung pathologies in both the diseases are also being compared.
{"title":"Pulmonary Pathological Features in Viraemia Associated Secondary Lung Injury","authors":"Sona Hakobyan","doi":"10.19080/ijoprs.2021.05.555652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/ijoprs.2021.05.555652","url":null,"abstract":"Both African swine fever virus (ASFV) and Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) are important pathogens in veterinary. ASFV causes African swine fever (ASF) in pigs and RHDV causes rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD) in rabbits. Secondary lung pathology was investigated for these diseases as one of the consequences of viraemia. Rabbits and pigs were taken for the observation of these diseases. Imprint smears of the lungs, lung tissue and blood samples from intact and infected animals were taken for the exploration. Afterwards, some observations were done for each animal: histopathological analysis of lungs, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell population counting and detection of serum TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and NO levels. Histopathological analysis showed many hemorrhages in lung tissue. BAL analysis presented significant changes in cell population. Serum levels of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and NO were increased. From the results can be concluded, that there are many similarities in the secondary lung pathology for these viruses and the main mechanism of lung tissue pathology is the high vascular permeability caused by changes in cytokines and NO levels. histopathologic observation of lung tissues and examination of serum levels of NO, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma. The mechanisms of lung pathologies in both the diseases are also being compared.","PeriodicalId":257243,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pulmonary & Respiratory Sciences","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134635188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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