Pub Date : 2019-09-09DOI: 10.19080/ijoprs.2019.04.555632
D. Dash
Background: 40-60% of patients with presumptive PTB may fail to produce sputum, or when it is available, AFB/CBNAAT may be negative on repeated smear examination. These patients can be diagnosed by flexible fibreoptic bronchoscopy. Aims: This study was carried out to know the usefulness of bronchoscopy in sputum negative suspected pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Material and method: We identified 68 consecutive cases of suspected pulmonary TB between Nov 2016 and July 2017, who had negative results on sputum smears examination by fluorescent microscopy/ZN staining on at least 2 samples or CBNAAT and did fibre optic bronchoscopy and sent bronchial aspirate for CBNAAT and AFB staining. Result: Males constituted majority of our study population. The most common age group involved in the study was less than 30 years (35.2%). Cough was the most common symptom reported by 45 patients (66.1%). The past history of PTB was present 13 patients (19.1%). 27.9% of study population had consolidation on CXR. Out of 68 clinically suspected sputum negative-PTB patients, 32 patients (47%) were finally diagnosed as having microbiologically confirmed PTB. Conclusion: CBNAAT done on bronchial aspirate can be an important adjunct to bacteriological confirmation of suspected cases who were otherwise sputum negative or not expectorating adequate sputum.
{"title":"To Study the Usefulness of Cartridge Based Nuclear Acid Amplification Test [CBNAAT] in Bronchoalveolar Samples in the Diagnosis of Sputum Negative Patients with Presumptive Pulmonary Tuberculosis","authors":"D. Dash","doi":"10.19080/ijoprs.2019.04.555632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/ijoprs.2019.04.555632","url":null,"abstract":"Background: 40-60% of patients with presumptive PTB may fail to produce sputum, or when it is available, AFB/CBNAAT may be negative on repeated smear examination. These patients can be diagnosed by flexible fibreoptic bronchoscopy. Aims: This study was carried out to know the usefulness of bronchoscopy in sputum negative suspected pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Material and method: We identified 68 consecutive cases of suspected pulmonary TB between Nov 2016 and July 2017, who had negative results on sputum smears examination by fluorescent microscopy/ZN staining on at least 2 samples or CBNAAT and did fibre optic bronchoscopy and sent bronchial aspirate for CBNAAT and AFB staining. Result: Males constituted majority of our study population. The most common age group involved in the study was less than 30 years (35.2%). Cough was the most common symptom reported by 45 patients (66.1%). The past history of PTB was present 13 patients (19.1%). 27.9% of study population had consolidation on CXR. Out of 68 clinically suspected sputum negative-PTB patients, 32 patients (47%) were finally diagnosed as having microbiologically confirmed PTB. Conclusion: CBNAAT done on bronchial aspirate can be an important adjunct to bacteriological confirmation of suspected cases who were otherwise sputum negative or not expectorating adequate sputum.","PeriodicalId":257243,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pulmonary & Respiratory Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129373535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-05DOI: 10.19080/ijoprs.2019.04.555631
Z. Safdar
Background: Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) levels increase in response to exercise in congestive heart failure patients. However, the timing, degree, and clinical consequences of exercise-related BNP elevation in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) remain unexplored. Methods: A total of 38 consecutive PAH patients were enrolled in this study. BNP levels were drawn prior to, and 6, 14, 20, and 60 minutes following, the six-minute walk test. Subjects were divided based on BNP level cut off used in our laboratory: BNP ≤100pg/ml and BNP >100pg/ ml. Time to Clinical Worsening (TTCW) was defined as a composite end point of death, transplant, prostacyclin initiation, or hospitalization for worsening PAH. Results: Twenty-four patients were in the BNP ≤100pg/ml group (44±28pg/ml, mean ± SD) and fourteen patients in the BNP >100pg/ ml group (285±179pg/ml). Baseline six-minute walk distance in the ≤100pg/ml group was higher as compared to the other group (P=0.003). Pre- and post-walk BNP levels did not differ significantly in the two groups. No deaths occurred in the BNP ≤100pg/ml group, and none of these patients were started on prostacyclin therapy. TTCW was shorter in the >100pg/ml group (P=0.005) with three deaths and four prostacyclin starts. Higher baseline BNP levels were associated with poor survival (P=0.014). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that in PAH patients with elevated baseline BNP levels had a shorter time to clinical worsening, higher mortality, and more prostacyclin initiation. BNP values do not change significantly from baseline values in response to a six-minute walk test. Pre-walk elevated BNP levels are indicator of worse disease rather than post-walk BNP level changes.
{"title":"Brain Natriuretic Peptide Response to Six-minute Walk Test in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension","authors":"Z. Safdar","doi":"10.19080/ijoprs.2019.04.555631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/ijoprs.2019.04.555631","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) levels increase in response to exercise in congestive heart failure patients. However, the timing, degree, and clinical consequences of exercise-related BNP elevation in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) remain unexplored. Methods: A total of 38 consecutive PAH patients were enrolled in this study. BNP levels were drawn prior to, and 6, 14, 20, and 60 minutes following, the six-minute walk test. Subjects were divided based on BNP level cut off used in our laboratory: BNP ≤100pg/ml and BNP >100pg/ ml. Time to Clinical Worsening (TTCW) was defined as a composite end point of death, transplant, prostacyclin initiation, or hospitalization for worsening PAH. Results: Twenty-four patients were in the BNP ≤100pg/ml group (44±28pg/ml, mean ± SD) and fourteen patients in the BNP >100pg/ ml group (285±179pg/ml). Baseline six-minute walk distance in the ≤100pg/ml group was higher as compared to the other group (P=0.003). Pre- and post-walk BNP levels did not differ significantly in the two groups. No deaths occurred in the BNP ≤100pg/ml group, and none of these patients were started on prostacyclin therapy. TTCW was shorter in the >100pg/ml group (P=0.005) with three deaths and four prostacyclin starts. Higher baseline BNP levels were associated with poor survival (P=0.014). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that in PAH patients with elevated baseline BNP levels had a shorter time to clinical worsening, higher mortality, and more prostacyclin initiation. BNP values do not change significantly from baseline values in response to a six-minute walk test. Pre-walk elevated BNP levels are indicator of worse disease rather than post-walk BNP level changes.","PeriodicalId":257243,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pulmonary & Respiratory Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126479894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-12DOI: 10.19080/ijoprs.2019.04.555630
J. Kastelik
Worldwide around 1.8 million cases of lung cancer are diagnosed each year [1]. The overall 5year survival is poor at around 4% mainly due to the fact that only approximately 15% of the cases are diagnosed with the early stages of lung cancer [1].
{"title":"Developments in Diagnostic and Interventional Procedures in Lung Cancer","authors":"J. Kastelik","doi":"10.19080/ijoprs.2019.04.555630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/ijoprs.2019.04.555630","url":null,"abstract":"Worldwide around 1.8 million cases of lung cancer are diagnosed each year [1]. The overall 5year survival is poor at around 4% mainly due to the fact that only approximately 15% of the cases are diagnosed with the early stages of lung cancer [1].","PeriodicalId":257243,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pulmonary & Respiratory Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116971019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-05DOI: 10.19080/ijoprs.2019.04.555628
S. Sekhsaria
Background: Azithromycin prophylaxis has shown to decrease COPD exacerbations but led to hearing deficits. Therefore, there is a need to study other antibiotics as possible prophylaxis for COPD exacerbations. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of doxycycline or Bactrim prophylaxis for patients with moderate to severe COPD. Methods: We studied patients with moderate to severe COPD who were treated with prophylactic doxycycline or Bactrim in the fall and winter months along with their standard COPD therapy. From patient histories, we determined the number of exacerbations/year and hospitalizations/year prior to and after prophylaxis. Paired t-tests were used to analyze the data. Results: 17 patients with moderate to severe COPD on standard therapy were identified. Prophylactic doxycycline or Bactrim were added to their treatment regimens as a part of routine prophylaxis. Patients were on prophylaxis for a period of 6 months per year. The number of average exacerbations per year decreased from 4.44 ± 4.42 to 1.20 ± 1.0 (n=15, p=0.0047) and the number of hospitalizations per year decreased from 1.75 ± 1.12 to 0.00 ± 0 (n=5, p=0.0125). The number of exacerbations per person during the months with prophylaxis was 1.19 compared with 1.63 exacerbations per person during the months without prophylaxis (n=16, p=0.24). The antibiotics were well tolerated. Conclusion: This retrospective analysis showed a significant decrease in the number of exacerbations and hospitalizations per year for COPD patients undergoing doxycycline or Bactrim prophylaxis. This small study suggests the need for a prospective randomized study evaluating prophylactic doxycycline, Bactrim or other antibiotics in patients with moderate to severe COPD.
{"title":"Retrospective Analysis of Doxycycline or Bactrim Prophylaxis for Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","authors":"S. Sekhsaria","doi":"10.19080/ijoprs.2019.04.555628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/ijoprs.2019.04.555628","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Azithromycin prophylaxis has shown to decrease COPD exacerbations but led to hearing deficits. Therefore, there is a need to study other antibiotics as possible prophylaxis for COPD exacerbations. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of doxycycline or Bactrim prophylaxis for patients with moderate to severe COPD. Methods: We studied patients with moderate to severe COPD who were treated with prophylactic doxycycline or Bactrim in the fall and winter months along with their standard COPD therapy. From patient histories, we determined the number of exacerbations/year and hospitalizations/year prior to and after prophylaxis. Paired t-tests were used to analyze the data. Results: 17 patients with moderate to severe COPD on standard therapy were identified. Prophylactic doxycycline or Bactrim were added to their treatment regimens as a part of routine prophylaxis. Patients were on prophylaxis for a period of 6 months per year. The number of average exacerbations per year decreased from 4.44 ± 4.42 to 1.20 ± 1.0 (n=15, p=0.0047) and the number of hospitalizations per year decreased from 1.75 ± 1.12 to 0.00 ± 0 (n=5, p=0.0125). The number of exacerbations per person during the months with prophylaxis was 1.19 compared with 1.63 exacerbations per person during the months without prophylaxis (n=16, p=0.24). The antibiotics were well tolerated. Conclusion: This retrospective analysis showed a significant decrease in the number of exacerbations and hospitalizations per year for COPD patients undergoing doxycycline or Bactrim prophylaxis. This small study suggests the need for a prospective randomized study evaluating prophylactic doxycycline, Bactrim or other antibiotics in patients with moderate to severe COPD.","PeriodicalId":257243,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pulmonary & Respiratory Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127511768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-15DOI: 10.19080/ijoprs.2019.04.555627
F. M’rabet, J. Achrane, H. Souhi, H. Ouazzani, I. Rhorfi, A. Abid
Background: Mounier Kuhn’s syndrome is a rare condition. It is characterised by an increase in the diameter of the trachea and main bronchi. Imaging plays a fundamental role in confirming the diagnosis. This syndrome is little known and has not benefit of enough studies allowing a better comprehension of its pathophysiology and a performing therapeutic approach.
{"title":"Mounier Kuhn Syndrome: A Rare Variety of Bronchial Dilatation","authors":"F. M’rabet, J. Achrane, H. Souhi, H. Ouazzani, I. Rhorfi, A. Abid","doi":"10.19080/ijoprs.2019.04.555627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/ijoprs.2019.04.555627","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mounier Kuhn’s syndrome is a rare condition. It is characterised by an increase in the diameter of the trachea and main bronchi. Imaging plays a fundamental role in confirming the diagnosis. This syndrome is little known and has not benefit of enough studies allowing a better comprehension of its pathophysiology and a performing therapeutic approach.","PeriodicalId":257243,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pulmonary & Respiratory Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123857356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.19080/ijoprs.2019.04.555626
G. Sarla
Soft skills are also known as people’s skill or non-technical skills. They are a cluster of productive personality traits that characterize one’s relationships in a milieu. They define your relationship with others or how you approach life and work. The communication skills of physician impacts patients’ satisfaction and is an effective step of making effective relationship between doctor and patient.
{"title":"Is a Physician Armed with Soft Skills More Successful?","authors":"G. Sarla","doi":"10.19080/ijoprs.2019.04.555626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/ijoprs.2019.04.555626","url":null,"abstract":"Soft skills are also known as people’s skill or non-technical skills. They are a cluster of productive personality traits that characterize one’s relationships in a milieu. They define your relationship with others or how you approach life and work. The communication skills of physician impacts patients’ satisfaction and is an effective step of making effective relationship between doctor and patient.","PeriodicalId":257243,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pulmonary & Respiratory Sciences","volume":"67 E-5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133988542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-12DOI: 10.19080/IJOPRS.2019.03.555625
M. Trivedi, S. Jana
Oxidative stress is one of the major molecular mechanism responsible for human lung diseases. The objective of the study was to examine the effect of a Consciousness Energy Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) Treated DMEM medium for its anti-oxidative potential using various parameters such as the protection against oxidative stress and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), antioxidant enzyme activity in A549 cells. The test item, DMEM was divided into two parts. One part received the Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi and was labeled as the Biofield Energy Treated test item, while the other part did not receive any sort of treatment and is defined as the untreated DMEM group. The cell viability of the test sample using MTT assay showed 122.67% viable cells, indicating a safe and nontoxic profile of the test item. Protection against oxidative stress was significantly increased by 64.70% in the Biofield Energy Treated DMEM group compared to the untreated DMEM group. In addition, Antioxidant Enzyme (SOD) activity was significantly increased by 45.1% in the Biofield Energy Treated DMEM group compared to the untreated DMEM group. Thus, these data suggest that Biofield Energy Healing Treatment showed a significant improvement of the Antioxidant Enzyme Activity (SOD level) along with an improved protection against oxidative damage, which can be used in various human lung disorders such as asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), lung malignancies and parenchymal lung diseases like idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and lung granulomatous diseases.
{"title":"Assessment of Biofield Energy Treatment on Lung Health Using Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Line (A549)","authors":"M. Trivedi, S. Jana","doi":"10.19080/IJOPRS.2019.03.555625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/IJOPRS.2019.03.555625","url":null,"abstract":"Oxidative stress is one of the major molecular mechanism responsible for human lung diseases. The objective of the study was to examine the effect of a Consciousness Energy Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) Treated DMEM medium for its anti-oxidative potential using various parameters such as the protection against oxidative stress and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), antioxidant enzyme activity in A549 cells. The test item, DMEM was divided into two parts. One part received the Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi and was labeled as the Biofield Energy Treated test item, while the other part did not receive any sort of treatment and is defined as the untreated DMEM group. The cell viability of the test sample using MTT assay showed 122.67% viable cells, indicating a safe and nontoxic profile of the test item. Protection against oxidative stress was significantly increased by 64.70% in the Biofield Energy Treated DMEM group compared to the untreated DMEM group. In addition, Antioxidant Enzyme (SOD) activity was significantly increased by 45.1% in the Biofield Energy Treated DMEM group compared to the untreated DMEM group. Thus, these data suggest that Biofield Energy Healing Treatment showed a significant improvement of the Antioxidant Enzyme Activity (SOD level) along with an improved protection against oxidative damage, which can be used in various human lung disorders such as asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), lung malignancies and parenchymal lung diseases like idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and lung granulomatous diseases.","PeriodicalId":257243,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pulmonary & Respiratory Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128258239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-31DOI: 10.19080/IJOPRS.2018.03.555624
B. M. Boushab
Tuberculosis (TB) is a public health problem worldwide, especially in developing countries. The persistence of tuberculosis is partly related to increased longevity and aging of the population and emergence of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosisstrains [1]. In resource-limited settings where sputum culture and nucleic acid amplification techniques are not routinely available, diagnosis of pulmonary TB is based on clinical signs and symptoms (fever, productive cough, purulent sputum, hemoptysis, dyspnea, weight loss, loss of appetite), microscopic examination of sputum smear, and chest X-ray [2]. An additional difficulty is that the diagnosis can be difficult when signs and symptoms are either atypical or non-specific, such as acute pneumonia, chroniccough, fever, and diarrhea. Autopsies in several countries have shown that an accurate diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis was made in only about 50% of cases [15]. In many cases, diagnosis is established too late, allowing the spread of contagion from undetected cases. In countries where both tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/
{"title":"Contribution of Computed Tomographyin The Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis at Kiffa Regional Hospital, Assaba","authors":"B. M. Boushab","doi":"10.19080/IJOPRS.2018.03.555624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/IJOPRS.2018.03.555624","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) is a public health problem worldwide, especially in developing countries. The persistence of tuberculosis is partly related to increased longevity and aging of the population and emergence of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosisstrains [1]. In resource-limited settings where sputum culture and nucleic acid amplification techniques are not routinely available, diagnosis of pulmonary TB is based on clinical signs and symptoms (fever, productive cough, purulent sputum, hemoptysis, dyspnea, weight loss, loss of appetite), microscopic examination of sputum smear, and chest X-ray [2]. An additional difficulty is that the diagnosis can be difficult when signs and symptoms are either atypical or non-specific, such as acute pneumonia, chroniccough, fever, and diarrhea. Autopsies in several countries have shown that an accurate diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis was made in only about 50% of cases [15]. In many cases, diagnosis is established too late, allowing the spread of contagion from undetected cases. In countries where both tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/","PeriodicalId":257243,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pulmonary & Respiratory Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122078863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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