This study aims at assessing the potentiality of increasing livestock and poultry rearing by smallholder farmers in haor areas to improve food security condition and poverty alleviation of people. This study was carried out in 200 smallholder farmers rearing livestock in two upazilas (sub-district), namely Juri of Moulvibazar and Madan of Netrokona district. Both descriptive and functional analysis have been carried out. Result reveals that the average annual family income was BDT 254323 where average annual family expenditure was BDT 235775. Average daily per capita consumption of rice and all food items respectively are 397g and 1149g. Daily per capita calorie and protein intakes are respectively 2445 Kcal and 82g respectively of the haor people. People consume almost all 12 categories of food items and average household dietary diversity score is 11.85. Multinomial logistic regression suggests that increase of family size results in the corresponding decrease of food security condition and increase in expenditure on food items increases food security condition.
{"title":"LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY REARING BY SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN HAOR AREAS IN BANGLADESH: IMPACT ON FOOD SECURITY AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION:","authors":"K. Rahman, M. J. Hossain, M. Rana","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.304171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.304171","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims at assessing the potentiality of increasing livestock and poultry rearing by smallholder farmers in haor areas to improve food security condition and poverty alleviation of people. This study was carried out in 200 smallholder farmers rearing livestock in two upazilas (sub-district), namely Juri of Moulvibazar and Madan of Netrokona district. Both descriptive and functional analysis have been carried out. Result reveals that the average annual family income was BDT 254323 where average annual family expenditure was BDT 235775. Average daily per capita consumption of rice and all food items respectively are 397g and 1149g. Daily per capita calorie and protein intakes are respectively 2445 Kcal and 82g respectively of the haor people. People consume almost all 12 categories of food items and average household dietary diversity score is 11.85. Multinomial logistic regression suggests that increase of family size results in the corresponding decrease of food security condition and increase in expenditure on food items increases food security condition.","PeriodicalId":259792,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121157844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Bhuiyan, M. J. Hossain, Mohammad Amirul Islam, M. Imam, Md. Abdul Quddus
Under nutrition is one of the severe problems around the globe and finds its place in the global agenda. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) highlight the need for special attention to eradicate malnutrition. Bangladesh having high prevalence of malnutrition is committed to fulfill the targets of SDGs. Though Bangladesh achieved remarkable success in improving nutritional status of under-five children at national level, there have been regional variations. Government is planning to target need based resource allocation to small administrative levels. To do that real time, small area level estimates of nutrition will be required. Sylhet division was severely suffering from one or all form of malnutrition (BBS, 2014). This research tried to address these issues for which a primary sample of size 300 was collected from Dharampasha Upazila of Sunamgonj district of Sylhet division for in-depth analysis. M-Quantile estimation method was used to identify small area estimates at Upazila level of Sylhet division. The Upazilas exhibiting poorest nutritional status was identified in maps for comparison. Special care should be given to help these Upazilas to come out of the cycle of malnutrition in addition to the common national programmes. The results are efficient and may be adopted in the future, especially where we have doubted in the distributional assumption of the data.
{"title":"SMALL AREA ESTIMATION OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN IN SYLHET DIVISION: AN M-QUANTILE APPROACH:","authors":"M. Bhuiyan, M. J. Hossain, Mohammad Amirul Islam, M. Imam, Md. Abdul Quddus","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.304170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.304170","url":null,"abstract":"Under nutrition is one of the severe problems around the globe and finds its place in the global agenda. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) highlight the need for special attention to eradicate malnutrition. Bangladesh having high prevalence of malnutrition is committed to fulfill the targets of SDGs. Though Bangladesh achieved remarkable success in improving nutritional status of under-five children at national level, there have been regional variations. Government is planning to target need based resource allocation to small administrative levels. To do that real time, small area level estimates of nutrition will be required. Sylhet division was severely suffering from one or all form of malnutrition (BBS, 2014). This research tried to address these issues for which a primary sample of size 300 was collected from Dharampasha Upazila of Sunamgonj district of Sylhet division for in-depth analysis. M-Quantile estimation method was used to identify small area estimates at Upazila level of Sylhet division. The Upazilas exhibiting poorest nutritional status was identified in maps for comparison. Special care should be given to help these Upazilas to come out of the cycle of malnutrition in addition to the common national programmes. The results are efficient and may be adopted in the future, especially where we have doubted in the distributional assumption of the data.","PeriodicalId":259792,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133207074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The financial analysis of any organization is regarded as one of the main prerequisites for the successful management of financial resources. The study aims to identify the financial strengths and weaknesses of Costco Wholesale Corporation, based on a detailed financial analysis. The study used the quantitative method using secondary sources of data, such as Costco’s website and annual reports, various financial websites, journal research papers, and book chapters. Based on the Costco’s financial statement on August 31, 2019, the study performed ratio analysis, forecasting free cash flow (FCF) for the next five years (from August 2020 to August 2024), calculating the weighted average cost of capital (WACC), measuring the market value and fundamental value to determine the exact financial performance of Costco. The financial strengths were found at the Costco’s debt to equity ratio, return on assets ratio, return on equity ratio, return on capital employed ratio, interest coverage ratio, days sales outstanding ratio, days in inventory ratio, receivables turnover ratio, inventory turnover ratio, and asset turnover ratio and the financial weaknesses were found at the Costco’s current ratio, quick ratio, gross margin ratio, operating margin ratio, and cash conversion cycle ratio. The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) was calculated 12.16% and, thereby forecasts of FCF suspect to increase in the coming years. The WACC of Costco was calculated 4.76% and found satisfactory. The market value of Costco was found significantly lower compared to its competitor like Walmart Stores Inc. The findings suggest that Costco’s policymakers should concentrate on overcoming the existing financial weaknesses and sustaining the current financial strengths by taking precise initiatives.
{"title":"Financial analysis of Costco wholesale corporation: exploring the strengths and weaknesses.","authors":"M. Rahman","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.304097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.304097","url":null,"abstract":"The financial analysis of any organization is regarded as one of the main prerequisites for the successful management of financial resources. The study aims to identify the financial strengths and weaknesses of Costco Wholesale Corporation, based on a detailed financial analysis. The study used the quantitative method using secondary sources of data, such as Costco’s website and annual reports, various financial websites, journal research papers, and book chapters. Based on the Costco’s financial statement on August 31, 2019, the study performed ratio analysis, forecasting free cash flow (FCF) for the next five years (from August 2020 to August 2024), calculating the weighted average cost of capital (WACC), measuring the market value and fundamental value to determine the exact financial performance of Costco. The financial strengths were found at the Costco’s debt to equity ratio, return on assets ratio, return on equity ratio, return on capital employed ratio, interest coverage ratio, days sales outstanding ratio, days in inventory ratio, receivables turnover ratio, inventory turnover ratio, and asset turnover ratio and the financial weaknesses were found at the Costco’s current ratio, quick ratio, gross margin ratio, operating margin ratio, and cash conversion cycle ratio. The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) was calculated 12.16% and, thereby forecasts of FCF suspect to increase in the coming years. The WACC of Costco was calculated 4.76% and found satisfactory. The market value of Costco was found significantly lower compared to its competitor like Walmart Stores Inc. The findings suggest that Costco’s policymakers should concentrate on overcoming the existing financial weaknesses and sustaining the current financial strengths by taking precise initiatives.","PeriodicalId":259792,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124581599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Homayora Yeasmin, Saifa Binte Sanawar, S. Sharmin, Mohammad Amirul Islam
Bangladesh is an agrarian country trying to feed an increasing population with gradually diminishing cultivable land. Majority of the population in Bangladesh depends directly or indirectly on agriculture. The agriculture of Bangladesh is capable of producing different types of crops all around the year. However, crop-wise nutritional value is different from crop to crop. As the amount of cultivable land is a major issue for crop cultivation, required domestic production is very much dependent on the optimum use of these lands. Every year, Bangladesh is to import and export various agricultural products to respond to additional demand and surplus production. The presence of strategies to maintain optimum use of land for each crop based on the domestic demand and export-import policies would stabilize the production system in Bangladesh. Cost of production and fair farm gate price of agricultural produce are two most important aspects related to the smooth marketing of the agricultural products, which also have significant impact on the production of a certain crop in successive years. As there is no alternative technique other than placing pressure on the scarce arable land of Bangladesh to ensure food security for its 168.96 million people, only a better planning for agricultural lands by expected crops may help solve the problem. The main objective of this research is to optimize the amount of land for each type of crop, especially for the rabi season, in order to maximize the farm-gate price and minimize the cost of production to help policy makers for devising better policy to ensure food security of the country. With the help of sophisticated statistical techniques this research suggests some alternative scenarios of optimum use of arable land by crops in rabi season that will enable the government to device appropriate strategies and incentive plans.
{"title":"Efficient use of agricultural land in Bangladesh: strategies for optimization.","authors":"Homayora Yeasmin, Saifa Binte Sanawar, S. Sharmin, Mohammad Amirul Islam","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.304098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.304098","url":null,"abstract":"Bangladesh is an agrarian country trying to feed an increasing population with gradually diminishing cultivable land. Majority of the population in Bangladesh depends directly or indirectly on agriculture. The agriculture of Bangladesh is capable of producing different types of crops all around the year. However, crop-wise nutritional value is different from crop to crop. As the amount of cultivable land is a major issue for crop cultivation, required domestic production is very much dependent on the optimum use of these lands. Every year, Bangladesh is to import and export various agricultural products to respond to additional demand and surplus production. The presence of strategies to maintain optimum use of land for each crop based on the domestic demand and export-import policies would stabilize the production system in Bangladesh. Cost of production and fair farm gate price of agricultural produce are two most important aspects related to the smooth marketing of the agricultural products, which also have significant impact on the production of a certain crop in successive years. As there is no alternative technique other than placing pressure on the scarce arable land of Bangladesh to ensure food security for its 168.96 million people, only a better planning for agricultural lands by expected crops may help solve the problem. The main objective of this research is to optimize the amount of land for each type of crop, especially for the rabi season, in order to maximize the farm-gate price and minimize the cost of production to help policy makers for devising better policy to ensure food security of the country. With the help of sophisticated statistical techniques this research suggests some alternative scenarios of optimum use of arable land by crops in rabi season that will enable the government to device appropriate strategies and incentive plans.","PeriodicalId":259792,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117234781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Osuafor Ogonna Olive, O. C. Aloysius, Dike Angel Beauty
Cassava is one of Nigeria’s most important root cash crops and plays a key role in food security and poverty alleviation in rural areas. The study assessed the food security and poverty status of cassava processors in Awka North Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria. Data were collected with a well-structured questionnaire from a cross section of 490 randomly selected cassava processors in 2019. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, mean threshold from 5 point Likert scale, logistic regression, food security index, and Foster Greer Thorbecke (FGT) poverty status model. The study reveals that the majority (60.8%) of processors is female, it equally summarized that the average age, level of education, processing experience, household size, contact with agricultural officers, enterprise size, monthly income, and monthly expenditure were 45 years, 11 years, 16 years, 9 people, 4 times, 67.36 tons, 126.5204286 USD and 91.91425714 USD at N350 per dollar respectively. The average cassava processing output was 26.02 tons/month and the processor’s food security line was 61.28 USD, while the poverty line was 84.45 USD. The study equally observed that the food security index was 1.5 with the majority (89.59%) of the processors being food secure. Also, the poverty incidence, depth and severity were 0.098, 0.055, and 0.03 respectively, while the poorest processors spent 71.5% of their income on food consumption. Furthermore, the determinants of food security were sex, age, farm size, household size, contact with agricultural officer, and cooperative membership.
{"title":"FOOD SECURITY AND POVERTY STATUS OF CASSAVA PROCESSORS IN AWKA NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ANAMBRA STATE OF NIGERIA","authors":"Osuafor Ogonna Olive, O. C. Aloysius, Dike Angel Beauty","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.304096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.304096","url":null,"abstract":"Cassava is one of Nigeria’s most important root cash crops and plays a key role in food security and poverty alleviation in rural areas. The study assessed the food security and poverty status of cassava processors in Awka North Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria. Data were collected with a well-structured questionnaire from a cross section of 490 randomly selected cassava processors in 2019. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, mean threshold from 5 point Likert scale, logistic regression, food security index, and Foster Greer Thorbecke (FGT) poverty status model. The study reveals that the majority (60.8%) of processors is female, it equally summarized that the average age, level of education, processing experience, household size, contact with agricultural officers, enterprise size, monthly income, and monthly expenditure were 45 years, 11 years, 16 years, 9 people, 4 times, 67.36 tons, 126.5204286 USD and 91.91425714 USD at N350 per dollar respectively. The average cassava processing output was 26.02 tons/month and the processor’s food security line was 61.28 USD, while the poverty line was 84.45 USD. The study equally observed that the food security index was 1.5 with the majority (89.59%) of the processors being food secure. Also, the poverty incidence, depth and severity were 0.098, 0.055, and 0.03 respectively, while the poorest processors spent 71.5% of their income on food consumption. Furthermore, the determinants of food security were sex, age, farm size, household size, contact with agricultural officer, and cooperative membership.","PeriodicalId":259792,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131467945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Conservation agriculture (CA) is considered as a suitable crop management technique to offer higher crop productivity and economic benefits to farmers while safeguarding environment. To investigate these issues, an experiment was conducted under irrigated conditions using four treatments such as conventional agriculture (T1), conservation agriculture (CA) (T2), bed planting (T3) and CA plus bed planting (T4), imposed on component crops within a wheatmaize-rice cropping system during November 2010 to December 2015 at BARI research station, Gazipur, Bangladesh. The CA practices were based on retaining rice and wheat straw of 25 cm height and reduced tillage of single pass of power tiller operated tiller (PTOS) (in case of T2) and single pass of power tiller operated bed planter (in case of T4). ANOVA for adjusted 4 years pooled mean revealed no significant treatment effects for yield and economic analysis parameters (P≥0.05) for rice except BCR (P≥0.05) but the effects were significant for wheat, maize and wheat-maize-rice system for all economic parameters. Wheat yield across tillage treatments over four years ranged from 3,870 kg/ha in conventional to 5,182 kg/ha in CA. But maize, rice and W-M-R system ranged, respectively, from 5,810 kg/ha under conventional, 4,568 kg/ha under Bed, and 14,906 kg/ha under conventional practice to 7,175 kg/ha under CA, 5,032 kg/ha and 16,354 kg/ha under bed planting plus CA. Compared to conventional tillage the average maize and system yield across three CA practices were greater by16% and 11.7%, respectively. Maize production cost ranged from Tk. 47,966/ha with the bed planting plus CA to Tk. 69,816/ha for conventional practices. Net returns and BCR of maize, however, ranged from Tk. 50,668/ha and 1.34 under FP to Tk. 101,932/ha under CA and 1.73 under bed planting plus CA, respectively. Likewise, total cost of production across treatments and years in rice ranged from Tk. 48,800/ha in three CA practices to Tk. 62,900/ha in conventional tillage while net return ranged from Tk. 18571/ha 1 Principal Scientific Officer (PSO), Regional Wheat Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh E-mail: ataur67@yahoo.com 2 Senior Scientific Officer, Agricultural Economics Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh, E-mail: esmatbau@yahoo.com 3 System Agronomist, CIMMYT-Bangladesh, Gulsan-2, House 10/B, Road 53, Dhaka 1212 E-mail: t.tiwary@cgir.org 4 Professor, Department of Agribusiness and Marketing, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh, E-mail: ismailho12@yahoo.co.in, Cell: + 8801711185763 86 The Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Economics under FP to Tk. 35,550/ha in bed planting plus CA. It is concluded that while CA based tillage options may not have significant yield advantage over conventional tillage in maize and rice, they have significant advantages in terms of reduced production
{"title":"Economics Of Conservation Agriculture Practices Imposed In Wheat-Maize-Rice Cropping System In Bangladesh","authors":"M. Hossain, E. A. Begum, T. P. Tiwar, M. Hossain","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.279935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.279935","url":null,"abstract":"Conservation agriculture (CA) is considered as a suitable crop management technique to offer higher crop productivity and economic benefits to farmers while safeguarding environment. To investigate these issues, an experiment was conducted under irrigated conditions using four treatments such as conventional agriculture (T1), conservation agriculture (CA) (T2), bed planting (T3) and CA plus bed planting (T4), imposed on component crops within a wheatmaize-rice cropping system during November 2010 to December 2015 at BARI research station, Gazipur, Bangladesh. The CA practices were based on retaining rice and wheat straw of 25 cm height and reduced tillage of single pass of power tiller operated tiller (PTOS) (in case of T2) and single pass of power tiller operated bed planter (in case of T4). ANOVA for adjusted 4 years pooled mean revealed no significant treatment effects for yield and economic analysis parameters (P≥0.05) for rice except BCR (P≥0.05) but the effects were significant for wheat, maize and wheat-maize-rice system for all economic parameters. Wheat yield across tillage treatments over four years ranged from 3,870 kg/ha in conventional to 5,182 kg/ha in CA. But maize, rice and W-M-R system ranged, respectively, from 5,810 kg/ha under conventional, 4,568 kg/ha under Bed, and 14,906 kg/ha under conventional practice to 7,175 kg/ha under CA, 5,032 kg/ha and 16,354 kg/ha under bed planting plus CA. Compared to conventional tillage the average maize and system yield across three CA practices were greater by16% and 11.7%, respectively. Maize production cost ranged from Tk. 47,966/ha with the bed planting plus CA to Tk. 69,816/ha for conventional practices. Net returns and BCR of maize, however, ranged from Tk. 50,668/ha and 1.34 under FP to Tk. 101,932/ha under CA and 1.73 under bed planting plus CA, respectively. Likewise, total cost of production across treatments and years in rice ranged from Tk. 48,800/ha in three CA practices to Tk. 62,900/ha in conventional tillage while net return ranged from Tk. 18571/ha 1 Principal Scientific Officer (PSO), Regional Wheat Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh E-mail: ataur67@yahoo.com 2 Senior Scientific Officer, Agricultural Economics Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh, E-mail: esmatbau@yahoo.com 3 System Agronomist, CIMMYT-Bangladesh, Gulsan-2, House 10/B, Road 53, Dhaka 1212 E-mail: t.tiwary@cgir.org 4 Professor, Department of Agribusiness and Marketing, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh, E-mail: ismailho12@yahoo.co.in, Cell: + 8801711185763 86 The Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Economics under FP to Tk. 35,550/ha in bed planting plus CA. It is concluded that while CA based tillage options may not have significant yield advantage over conventional tillage in maize and rice, they have significant advantages in terms of reduced production","PeriodicalId":259792,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123096162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"GENDER ROLE IN POND FISH CULTURE IN TERMS OF DECISION MAKING AND NUTRITION SECURITY","authors":"A. Quddus, Nusrat Zahan Jui, K. Rahman, M. Rahman","doi":"10.22004/ag.econ.279933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.279933","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":259792,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128502358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Rahman, Mohammad Mizanul Haque Kazal, S. T. Hossain
The study estimates the impact of change in urea price on the economic optimum level of N fertilizer use in HYV rice and its yield in Bangladesh using a large set of experimental data of BRRIfrom 15 regions covering an 11 year period (2001–2011). Results revealed that the level of N fertilizer usedin experiments to increase HYV rice yield was far lower than the economic optimum level in Aman and Boro seasonsbut higher in Aus season. The discrepancy was highest for HYV Boro rice closely followed by HYV Aman rice. Simulation exercise revealed that an increase in real price of urea by 50% will exert a 4% reduction in optimum dose of N fertilizer in HYV Amanrice and reduce yield by 101.2 kg/ha which issubstantial. The corresponding effect on HYV Bororice is relatively lowerand negligible for HYV Aus rice. The result highlights the dilemma and the detrimental effect of urea price increase on the yield ofHYV Aman rice which is the main source of foodgrain supply for the nation. Therefore, price policy should be geared towards controlling relative price of urea which can be met by a combination of subsidizing urea price and/or improving rice price.
{"title":"Impact of urea price change on the economic optimum level of N fertilizer use in HYV rice and its yield in Bangladesh","authors":"S. Rahman, Mohammad Mizanul Haque Kazal, S. T. Hossain","doi":"10.22004/ag.econ.258301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.258301","url":null,"abstract":"The study estimates the impact of change in urea price on the economic optimum level of N fertilizer use in HYV rice and its yield in Bangladesh using a large set of experimental data of BRRIfrom 15 regions covering an 11 year period (2001–2011). Results revealed that the level of N fertilizer usedin experiments to increase HYV rice yield was far lower than the economic optimum level in Aman and Boro seasonsbut higher in Aus season. The discrepancy was highest for HYV Boro rice closely followed by HYV Aman rice. Simulation exercise revealed that an increase in real price of urea by 50% will exert a 4% reduction in optimum dose of N fertilizer in HYV Amanrice and reduce yield by 101.2 kg/ha which issubstantial. The corresponding effect on HYV Bororice is relatively lowerand negligible for HYV Aus rice. The result highlights the dilemma and the detrimental effect of urea price increase on the yield ofHYV Aman rice which is the main source of foodgrain supply for the nation. Therefore, price policy should be geared towards controlling relative price of urea which can be met by a combination of subsidizing urea price and/or improving rice price.","PeriodicalId":259792,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116408379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explores the effect of remittances on human capital development in terms of educational attainment on a global perspectives using GLS modeling. Data from different valid international sources are used in the analyses. Furthermore, it investigates the relationship of remittances with human capital development by region, gender, democracy and financial development. The results reveal significant positive effects of remittances on the changes in average schooling years and secondary enrollment rate in the developing countries. There are regional, genders and financial level variations in human capital development due to remittances flow. Finally, some important policy recommendations have been suggested.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF REMITTANCES ON HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS","authors":"Lavlu Mozumder, Mohammad Amirul Islam","doi":"10.22004/ag.econ.256172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.256172","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the effect of remittances on human capital development in terms of educational attainment on a global perspectives using GLS modeling. Data from different valid international sources are used in the analyses. Furthermore, it investigates the relationship of remittances with human capital development by region, gender, democracy and financial development. The results reveal significant positive effects of remittances on the changes in average schooling years and secondary enrollment rate in the developing countries. There are regional, genders and financial level variations in human capital development due to remittances flow. Finally, some important policy recommendations have been suggested.","PeriodicalId":259792,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123090972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An agricultural development project targeted to resource poor households disseminated a wide range of crop, livestock, fisheries, agro-processing and non-farm technologies to enhance their yield, income and food security. In this paper, impact of the project on acquisition of knowledge and adoption of the promoted technologies are measured as these are critical intermediate steps to achieve increased yield, income and food security. A combination of project and control, and before intervention and after intervention was used to assess impact of the project activities. It appeared that for technologies which were more vigorously promoted through knowledge dissemination and input supply, both incidence of knowledge and adoption increased significantly in the project areas, and in some cases net change in adoption was more than in knowledge acquisition perhaps because previously people knew certain technologies but did not practice them due to some constraints which were removed by the project activities. Net change in the yield of several crops was 8-21% in the project areas. The findings indicate that even when technologies are scale neutral, poor and marginal farmers may not be aware about them and may not adopt them or adopt inadequately due to lack of knowledge and access to inputs and services. Therefore, much social gains can be derived by designing and implementing extension, information dissemination and input supply programmes targeted to such households so that they may have access to better knowledge, technology and inputs to make best use of their meagre land, labour and capital resources to improve productivity and income and improve food security.
{"title":"IMPACT OF AN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT ON TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION AND CROP YIELDS OF RESOURCE POOR FARMERS IN BANGLADESH","authors":"M. Jabbar, A. Ziauddin, M. Abedin","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.199333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.199333","url":null,"abstract":"An agricultural development project targeted to resource poor households disseminated a wide range of crop, livestock, fisheries, agro-processing and non-farm technologies to enhance their yield, income and food security. In this paper, impact of the project on acquisition of knowledge and adoption of the promoted technologies are measured as these are critical intermediate steps to achieve increased yield, income and food security. A combination of project and control, and before intervention and after intervention was used to assess impact of the project activities. It appeared that for technologies which were more vigorously promoted through knowledge dissemination and input supply, both incidence of knowledge and adoption increased significantly in the project areas, and in some cases net change in adoption was more than in knowledge acquisition perhaps because previously people knew certain technologies but did not practice them due to some constraints which were removed by the project activities. Net change in the yield of several crops was 8-21% in the project areas. The findings indicate that even when technologies are scale neutral, poor and marginal farmers may not be aware about them and may not adopt them or adopt inadequately due to lack of knowledge and access to inputs and services. Therefore, much social gains can be derived by designing and implementing extension, information dissemination and input supply programmes targeted to such households so that they may have access to better knowledge, technology and inputs to make best use of their meagre land, labour and capital resources to improve productivity and income and improve food security.","PeriodicalId":259792,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132554453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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