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Crises in Greece and Sustainable Development 希腊危机与可持续发展
Pub Date : 2023-05-02 DOI: 10.54175/hsustain2020006
Floros Flouros
Sustainability and conditions that support a country to achieve its strategic goals are usually considered a critical priority for the international community. This paper examines the case of Greece, a country that was called upon to face successive crises during the last dec-ades which in almost all cases posed serious risks to the security of the country and its citizens. In crisis events that Greece faced lately, these were imported from abroad and they affected all levels of society: the global financial crisis that started in the US in 2008, the pandemic crisis that first appeared in China in late 2019, and finally the energy crisis that intensified from the beginning of 2020. Greece has tried to respond with internal balancing strategies at home with a series of measures and actions, while at the same time acting with external balancing strategies, as a member of the EU and the North Atlantic Alliance (NATO). The country has tried to deal with the successive crises having a positive result so far, but at a heavy price that has negatively affected the country’s development, often causing setbacks and delays in many areas of the economy, environment, and social life. As a result, the Greek economic crisis followed which affected all aspects of the social life in the country, making worse the economic parameters, affecting the relationship between the citizens and the state, and putting the normality of life into question. There are several studies published during the last years highlighting various aspects of the Greek economic crisis that provided specific answers regarding the main causes of the eruption of the Greek economic crisis as well as the proposals to deal with it. The purpose of this study is to highlight the impact of successive crises, which are due to both exogenous and endogenous factors, and that Greece has recently faced and identified the main effects on the Greek economy and its sustainability. The analysis adopts the time series of crises: economic, pandemic, and energy.
支持一个国家实现其战略目标的可持续性和条件通常被认为是国际社会的关键优先事项。本文考察了希腊的情况,这个国家在过去几十年中被要求面对连续的危机,在几乎所有情况下都对国家及其公民的安全构成严重风险。在希腊最近面临的危机事件中,这些都是从国外输入的,它们影响了社会的各个层面:2008年始于美国的全球金融危机,2019年底首次出现在中国的大流行危机,以及最终从2020年初开始加剧的能源危机。希腊试图在国内采取一系列措施和行动来应对内部平衡战略,同时以欧盟和北大西洋联盟(北约)成员的身份采取外部平衡战略。该国一直在努力应对接连不断的危机,迄今取得了积极的成果,但也付出了沉重的代价,对国家的发展产生了负面影响,往往在经济、环境和社会生活的许多领域造成挫折和延误。结果,随之而来的希腊经济危机影响了该国社会生活的各个方面,使经济参数变得更糟,影响了公民与国家之间的关系,并使正常的生活受到质疑。在过去几年中发表的几项研究突出了希腊经济危机的各个方面,对希腊经济危机爆发的主要原因以及应对危机的建议提供了具体的答案。本研究的目的是突出连续危机的影响,这是由于外生和内生因素,希腊最近面临并确定了对希腊经济及其可持续性的主要影响。分析采用了危机的时间序列:经济危机、流行病危机和能源危机。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the State of Research on Tourism Sustainability: A Bibliometric Analysis in the Post-COVID Era 后新冠肺炎时代旅游可持续性研究现状探析
Pub Date : 2023-04-13 DOI: 10.54175/hsustain2020005
Thomas Krabokoukis
This study conducts a literature analysis on tourism sustainability to understand the current state of research in the field and identify potential areas for future study. The analysis, based on 3823 articles published between 2020–2023, aims to examine the number of citations of the main articles, determine the main authors and countries dealing with tourism sustainability, examine the interactions between authors and countries, and determine which dimensions of sustainability (economic, environmental, social, and cultural-historical) attract the most research interest. The results reveal that the economic dimension of sustainability is the most researched followed by the environmental dimension, while the social and cultural-historical dimensions receive less attention. This study provides valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and policy-makers in the field of sustainable tourism, particularly in light of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the industry.
本研究对旅游可持续性进行文献分析,了解该领域的研究现状,并确定未来研究的潜在领域。该分析基于2020-2023年间发表的3823篇文章,旨在检查主要文章的引用次数,确定主要作者和处理旅游可持续性的国家,检查作者和国家之间的相互作用,并确定可持续性的哪些维度(经济,环境,社会和文化-历史)吸引了最多的研究兴趣。结果表明,可持续发展的经济维度研究最多,其次是环境维度,而社会和文化历史维度较少受到关注。这项研究为可持续旅游领域的研究人员、从业人员和政策制定者提供了宝贵的见解,特别是考虑到2019冠状病毒病大流行对该行业的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Climate Change Risk Management Strategies: The Case of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Southwest Nigeria 气候变化风险管理策略:以尼日利亚西南部中小企业为例
Pub Date : 2023-03-07 DOI: 10.54175/hsustain2010004
O. A. Thompson, A. Imoize, T. Amos
The study determined the critical variables inducing the choice of mitigation and adaptation methods adopted by the Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) against the effect of climate change on their enterprises in Southwest Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was employed to choose 200 SMEs Managers/Chief Executive Officers (100 mitigating climate change and 100 not mitigating) as respondents for the study. Descriptive statistics and a multinomial regression model were employed to investigate the data collected. The findings show that the mean age of Managers/CEOs mitigating climate change was 41.8 years, and the level of education of climate change mitigating Managers/CEOs (80.0%) was significantly different from the non-mitigating (50.0%). The net profit margin ratio for the mitigating SMEs was 32.04%, and 17.83% for the non-mitigating SMEs. The multinomial logit model showed that income, enterprise experience, access to credit, enterprise size, and enterprise type significantly induced the choice of climate change mitigation approaches used by the SMEs in the study area. The study suggested that government and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) should assist SMEs by enhancing their income-generating ability to ameliorate the impact of climate alteration over the years on their enterprises.
该研究确定了尼日利亚西南部中小型企业(sme)针对气候变化对其企业的影响而选择减缓和适应方法的关键变量。采用多阶段抽样程序,选择200名中小企业经理/首席执行官(100名减缓气候变化和100名不减缓气候变化)作为研究的受访者。采用描述性统计和多项回归模型对收集到的数据进行调查。研究结果表明,减缓气候变化管理者/ ceo的平均年龄为41.8岁,受教育程度(80.0%)与非减缓气候变化管理者/ ceo的差异显著(50.0%)。缓解型中小企业的净利润率为32.04%,非缓解型中小企业的净利润率为17.83%。多项logit模型表明,收入、企业经验、信贷可及性、企业规模和企业类型显著影响研究区中小企业减缓气候变化方式的选择。该研究建议,政府和非政府组织应协助中小企业提高其创收能力,以减轻多年来气候变化对其企业的影响。
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引用次数: 0
The Valorisation of an Ancient Traditional Practice for the Promotion of Rural and Sustainable Tourism: The “Tracing of the Straight Furrow” in Central and Southern Italy 促进乡村和可持续旅游的古老传统实践的增值:意大利中部和南部的“直沟追踪”
Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.54175/hsustain2010003
Michele Sisto, A. Cresta
The aim of this original contribution is to present the procedures and process initiated by some municipalities in inland areas for the inclusion of an ancient rural tradition, practiced in south-central Italy—the “Tracing of the straight furrow”—in the “National Register of Rural Landscapes of Historic Interest, Agricultural Practices and Traditional Knowledge”. The registry proposes to identify and catalog in a database the rural landscapes, practices and knowledge worthy of importance to safeguard their integrity and vulnerability. The article describes the research activity that was implemented to record the practice, and also wants to show that the standard procedure prepared by the Ministry cannot consist only of desk analysis (data collection, and preparation of the required dossier). Indeed, there is a need to initiate a process that, starting with the proposing institutions, involves local actors and communities who are familiar with traditional places and practices. Citizen participation in this decision-making process that implements the area’s tourism-cultural development policies is also essential to consolidate intra-generational and local relationships: desk analysis is thus enriched by field analysis. This makes it possible to highlight problems/potentialities and help in the selection of contextualized solutions to encourage adherence to initiatives especially after recognition of traditional practice in the National Register.
这篇原创文章的目的是介绍由一些内陆地区的市政当局发起的程序和过程,这些程序和过程是为了将意大利中南部的一种古老的农村传统——“直沟追踪”——纳入“国家历史名胜、农业实践和传统知识农村景观名录”。登记处建议确定并在数据库中列入值得重视的农村景观、做法和知识,以保护其完整性和脆弱性。文章描述了为记录实践而实施的研究活动,并希望表明,卫生部制定的标准程序不能仅包括案头分析(数据收集和所需档案的准备)。事实上,有必要启动一个进程,从提议的机构开始,让熟悉传统场所和习俗的地方行动者和社区参与进来。在实施该地区旅游文化发展政策的决策过程中,公民的参与对于巩固代际和地方关系也至关重要:因此,现场分析丰富了桌面分析。这样就有可能突出问题/潜力,并有助于选择符合具体情况的解决办法,以鼓励遵守各项倡议,特别是在《国家登记册》承认传统做法之后。
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引用次数: 0
Challenges of Food Service towards Sustainability Beyond Food Waste 食品服务向可持续发展的挑战,超越食物浪费
Pub Date : 2023-02-24 DOI: 10.54175/hsustain2010002
A. Rocha, C. Viegas
Food service comprises the production of meals consumed outside the home, including consumers from all age groups and in different sectors, such as schools (from kindergarten to university), public and private companies, the health sector (from hospitals to elderly care institutions), military, sports facilities and restaurants (from fine dining to fast-food). Food service units (FSU) achieved importance and responsibility not only for feeding the population but also as an important setting for public health interventions, potentially educating consumers and modulating behaviours through the meals provided. In addition to its socioeconomic impact, the food service industry has a strong environmental impact. More sustainable food service starts with the basics: minimizing environmental impact by reducing carbon footprint. Food service industry is being encouraged to make choices that positively impact the environment. Nevertheless, most of the efforts and research made in the last years have been focused on evaluating and reducing food waste. This article focuses on strategies that could be implemented beyond food waste, and act on changing the food offer towards health and sustainability while promoting consumers’ behaviour change.
食品服务包括生产在家庭以外消费的餐食,包括来自所有年龄组和不同部门的消费者,如学校(从幼儿园到大学)、公共和私营公司、卫生部门(从医院到老年护理机构)、军队、体育设施和餐馆(从高级餐厅到快餐)。食品服务单位不仅在为人口提供食物方面发挥了重要作用,而且还作为公共卫生干预的重要场所,可能通过提供的膳食教育消费者和调节行为。除了社会经济影响外,食品服务业对环境也有很强的影响。更可持续的食品服务从最基本的开始:通过减少碳足迹来最大限度地减少对环境的影响。食品服务行业被鼓励做出对环境有积极影响的选择。然而,过去几年所做的大部分努力和研究都集中在评估和减少食物浪费上。本文关注的是除了食物浪费之外可以实施的战略,以及在促进消费者行为改变的同时,采取行动改变食品供应,使其朝着健康和可持续性的方向发展。
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引用次数: 0
Perceived Effectiveness of Messages Designed to Promote the Use of Autonomous Vehicles 旨在促进自动驾驶汽车使用的信息的感知有效性
Pub Date : 2023-02-10 DOI: 10.54175/hsustain2010001
Simone Pettigrew, L. Booth
Autonomous vehicles will be a key component of the sustainable cities and transport systems of the future. However, there is little data available on effective methods of communicating with the public about these benefits to optimise uptake and achieve their sustainability potential. The aim of this exploratory study was to assess outcomes associated with exposure to various messages communicating proposed benefits of autonomous vehicles. Australians aged 16+ years (n = 1053) responded to two online surveys administered two weeks apart. The instruments included items relating to demographic attributes, driving factors, and attitudes to autonomous vehicles. Respondents were randomised to one of five messages referring to efficient travel time, economic savings, saving lives, mobility for the elderly and disabled, and job opportunities. Messages relating to saving lives and providing mobility for the elderly and disabled performed best, especially in terms of presenting a strong argument (62% agreement) and believability (67% agreement), respectively. The results provide initial evidence that public awareness communications could favourably influence attitudes to autonomous vehicles, potentially enhancing uptake rates to yield corresponding benefits. This information will be of value in countries where the roll-out of autonomous vehicles is a strategic priority to achieve sustainable cities and transport systems.
自动驾驶汽车将成为未来可持续城市和交通系统的关键组成部分。然而,关于与公众就这些益处进行沟通以优化吸收和实现其可持续性潜力的有效方法的数据很少。这项探索性研究的目的是评估与接触各种信息相关的结果,这些信息传达了自动驾驶汽车的好处。16岁以上的澳大利亚人(n = 1053)对两项间隔两周的在线调查进行了回应。这些工具包括与人口统计属性、驾驶因素和对自动驾驶汽车的态度有关的项目。受访者被随机分配到五种信息中的一种,这五种信息涉及有效的旅行时间、节省经济、拯救生命、老年人和残疾人的流动性以及就业机会。与拯救生命和为老年人和残疾人提供行动能力有关的信息表现最好,特别是在提出强有力的论点(62%同意)和可信度(67%同意)方面。研究结果提供了初步证据,表明公众意识传播可以积极影响对自动驾驶汽车的态度,从而可能提高采用率,从而产生相应的效益。在一些国家,推出自动驾驶汽车是实现可持续城市和交通系统的战略重点,这些信息将具有价值。
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引用次数: 1
Annual Acknowledgment to Reviewers 2022—Highlights of Sustainability 年度评审员答谢——2022年可持续发展亮点
Pub Date : 2022-12-22 DOI: 10.54175/hsustain1040018
Highlights of Sustainability Editorial Office
Reviewers who perform an invaluable service to the scientific community are essential to ensuring the quality of the papers published in the journal Highlights of Sustainability. The editorial team of the journal Highlights of Sustainability would like to take this opportunity to thank the following reviewers for their time and effort in reviewing manuscripts in 2022. Their contribution and support helped a lot to improve the scientific quality of the published articles and enhance the scientific level of the journal.
审稿人为科学界提供了宝贵的服务,对于确保发表在《可持续发展亮点》杂志上的论文的质量至关重要。《可持续发展的亮点》杂志的编辑团队想借此机会感谢以下审稿人在2022年审稿时所花费的时间和精力。他们的贡献和支持对提高期刊发表文章的科学质量和提高期刊的科学水平有很大的帮助。
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引用次数: 0
Benefits of Building Organizational Resilience: The Case of Climate Change 建立组织弹性的好处:以气候变化为例
Pub Date : 2022-12-06 DOI: 10.54175/hsustain1040017
Julia Hillmann, Anne Bergmann, E. Guenther
This paper investigates the time-dependent effects of building organizational resilience. So far, empirical research only finds evidence that organizational resilience provides benefits in the long term. For the short and medium term, the link remains unclear. On the one hand, literature indicates that building organizational resilience is costly. On the other hand, actions to build organizational resilience are perceived by investors, which should provide immediate positive effects for companies. This study investigates these two assumptions in the climate change context. We apply multiple regression analysis to study the relationship between resilience capabilities and different measures of financial performance. For market value and financial volatility, our findings indicate that building organizational resilience provides immediate benefits. For the total stock return index, we find only benefits that materialize with a time lag. We find no evidence at all that building resilience capabilities is related to costs in terms of lower accounting-based financial performance. Overall findings indicate that building organizational resilience is advantageous as it prepares an organization to face the challenges of climate change and, at the same time, provides financial benefits.
本文研究了组织弹性构建的时间依赖效应。到目前为止,实证研究只发现了组织弹性提供长期效益的证据。从短期和中期来看,两者之间的联系仍不清楚。一方面,文献表明,建立组织弹性是昂贵的。另一方面,建立组织弹性的行动是由投资者感知的,这应该为公司提供直接的积极影响。本研究在气候变化背景下考察了这两种假设。本文运用多元回归分析研究弹性能力与不同财务绩效指标之间的关系。对于市场价值和金融波动,我们的研究结果表明,建立组织弹性提供了直接的好处。对于总股票回报指数,我们只发现有时间滞后的利益。我们没有发现任何证据表明,就较低的基于会计的财务绩效而言,建立弹性能力与成本有关。总体研究结果表明,建立组织弹性是有利的,因为它使组织准备好面对气候变化的挑战,同时提供经济效益。
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引用次数: 2
Sustainable Leadership in Project Management. The Need for a New Kind of Leadership 项目管理中的可持续领导。需要一种新的领导方式
Pub Date : 2022-10-21 DOI: 10.54175/hsustain1040016
E. Bulmer, Magali Riera Roca, J. Blas
Adopting a long-term perspective has helped companies survive in difficult times and overcome economic crises, recessions, and pandemics such as the current COVID-19. At present, the project management approach is changing from more authoritarian management models to frameworks that are based on the management of people and society. This article researches the concept of sustainable leadership in the project management profession. It evaluates the level of sustainable leadership among project managers in Spain using the Avery and Bergsteiner’s (2011) model of bees and locusts as a reference framework (Bee and Locust Sustainable Leadership Model). A qualitative study was carried out based on the analysis of the responses given by sixty-eight project managers in Spain who answered a 52-point ques-tionnaire. The findings yielded interesting results. It was found that in projects considered as temporal organizations, companies tended to employ a mixture of bee and locust’s leadership elements. Respondents recognized the importance of employee training and development, and most considered that it was essential to consider the environment when determining the organization’s commercial objectives. However, based on this study’s findings, the project management profession still has a long way to go as regards the practical implementation of sustainable leadership.
从长远的角度来看,企业在困难时期生存下来,克服了经济危机和衰退,克服了COVID-19等大流行病。目前,项目管理方法正在从更专制的管理模式转变为基于人与社会管理的框架。本文研究了可持续领导在项目管理行业中的概念。它评估了西班牙项目经理之间的可持续领导水平,使用Avery和Bergsteiner(2011)的蜜蜂和蝗虫模型作为参考框架(蜜蜂和蝗虫可持续领导模型)。一项定性研究是在对西班牙68位项目经理的回答进行分析的基础上进行的,他们回答了一份52分的问卷。研究结果很有趣。研究发现,在被认为是时间组织的项目中,公司倾向于使用蜜蜂和蝗虫的混合领导元素。受访者认识到员工培训和发展的重要性,大多数人认为在确定组织的商业目标时考虑环境是必不可少的。然而,基于本研究的发现,项目管理专业在可持续领导的实际实施方面仍有很长的路要走。
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引用次数: 0
The Value of Sustainable Tourism Destinations in the Eyes of Visitors 游客眼中可持续旅游目的地的价值
Pub Date : 2022-09-08 DOI: 10.54175/hsustain1030015
Annalisa Stacchini, A. Guizzardi, Michele Costa
The first objective of this study is to analyze visitors’ perceived value of four Italian small areas, that have been granted the European Regional Development Fund’s financing for developing sustainable tourism. The second objective of this work is to investigate the influences of socio-demographic and trip-related characteristics on the tourists’ assessments of the main aspects of such destinations, for detecting variables useful for market segmentation and for designing better-targeted marketing actions. These areas host protected natural reserves, historical heritage, rural or mountain traditions, and ways of life, the conservation of which is combined with local economic growth through the development of green, cultural, and slow tourism. Thus, insights on how visitors’ perceived value is configured there might provide hints useful for upgrading the local tourism supply consistently with the United Nations’ Agenda 2030 for sustainable development and the European Green Deal Strategy. Results confirm that the perceived value is a fundamental construct, as it strongly and positively influences satisfaction, intention to recommend, and destination image. The value of sustainable destinations, as perceived by visitors, is mainly based on the affective benefits that sustainable experiences provide, starting from positive social interactions making tourists feel welcomed. The tourist segment valorizing sustainable destinations is mostly composed of old people and low-income travelers, who seek basic services and facilities, as their satisfaction depends mainly on relaxing immersed in pristine nature.
本研究的第一个目标是分析游客对意大利四个小地区的感知价值,这些地区已获得欧洲区域发展基金的资助,用于发展可持续旅游业。这项工作的第二个目标是调查社会人口和与旅行有关的特征对游客对这些目的地的主要方面的评估的影响,以便发现对市场细分有用的变量,并设计更有针对性的营销行动。这些地区拥有受保护的自然保护区、历史遗产、乡村或山区传统以及生活方式,通过发展绿色、文化和慢旅游,将这些保护与当地经济增长相结合。因此,关于游客感知价值如何配置的见解可能会为提升当地旅游供应提供有用的提示,以符合联合国2030年可持续发展议程和欧洲绿色协议战略。结果证实,感知价值是一个基本的结构,因为它强烈和积极地影响满意度、推荐意愿和目的地形象。游客所感知的可持续目的地的价值主要基于可持续体验提供的情感利益,从积极的社会互动开始,使游客感到受欢迎。可持续旅游目的地的游客主要由老年人和低收入游客组成,他们寻求基本的服务和设施,因为他们的满意度主要取决于沉浸在原始的自然中放松。
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引用次数: 0
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Highlights of Sustainability
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