Background Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in adult women, and is emerging as a common cause of menstrual disturbance in the adolescent population. Insulin resistance, which is considered one of its underlying causes, has increased markedly in the past decade, placing more adolescent girls at risk for PCOS and its complications. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is secreted by the granulose cells of ovarian follicles and correlated with the count of small antral follicles and it is expressed throughout folliculogenesis. Objective This study aimed to evaluate AMH in Egyptian women with PCOS and to determine whether it might serve as a prognostic marker for treatment efficacy with metformin. Patients and methods This study included 30 women with PCOS (group 1) and 30 healthy women without PCOS (group 2). AMH was measured in both groups, and before and after treatment with metformin (2550 mg) for 3 months in group 1. Results AMH levels were higher in PCO groups before (3.54±0.58 ng/ml) and after treatment (2.79±0.39 ng/ml) than the control group (2.14±0.49 ng/ml), with P value less than 0.01. In the PCO group, it was higher before (3.54±0.58 ng/ml) than after treatment (2.79±0.39 ng/ml), with P value less than 0.01. Conclusion AMH is higher in PCO patients and its levels decrease significantly with the insulin sensitizer metformin, and it can be used as a marker for treatment efficacy with metformin.
{"title":"Anti-Mullerian hormone, a marker for metformin therapy efficacy in polycystic ovarian syndrome: a pilot study on an Egyptian population","authors":"Nermin Sheriba, Mona Abdelsalam, Bassem M Mostafa, Madha Mamdouh, Samia Eltohamy","doi":"10.4103/ejode.ejode_10_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejode.ejode_10_17","url":null,"abstract":"Background Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in adult women, and is emerging as a common cause of menstrual disturbance in the adolescent population. Insulin resistance, which is considered one of its underlying causes, has increased markedly in the past decade, placing more adolescent girls at risk for PCOS and its complications. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is secreted by the granulose cells of ovarian follicles and correlated with the count of small antral follicles and it is expressed throughout folliculogenesis. Objective This study aimed to evaluate AMH in Egyptian women with PCOS and to determine whether it might serve as a prognostic marker for treatment efficacy with metformin. Patients and methods This study included 30 women with PCOS (group 1) and 30 healthy women without PCOS (group 2). AMH was measured in both groups, and before and after treatment with metformin (2550 mg) for 3 months in group 1. Results AMH levels were higher in PCO groups before (3.54±0.58 ng/ml) and after treatment (2.79±0.39 ng/ml) than the control group (2.14±0.49 ng/ml), with P value less than 0.01. In the PCO group, it was higher before (3.54±0.58 ng/ml) than after treatment (2.79±0.39 ng/ml), with P value less than 0.01. Conclusion AMH is higher in PCO patients and its levels decrease significantly with the insulin sensitizer metformin, and it can be used as a marker for treatment efficacy with metformin.","PeriodicalId":260758,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Obesity, Diabetes and Endocrinology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130355843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.4103/ejode.ejode_16_17
A. Abbassy, A. Saad, Abbas Oraby
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of insulin glargine in combination with glimepiride treatment in daily practice in patients who failed premixed insulin with or without oral antidiabetic (OAD) regimen. Patients and methods This 6-month, prospective, multicenter, observational study conducted in Egypt included adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on premix with or without OAD (glimepiride plus metformin), with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) greater than 8.5% and for whom the investigator decided to switch to insulin glargine in addition to glimepiride. Overall, three mandatory visits (baseline, 3 months, and 6 months) and seven phone calls were performed by the investigator for each eligible patient. Patients were assessed according to the value of HbA1c and fasting blood glucose (FBG). Results At the end of this study, the results showed effectiveness of combining insulin glargine plus glimepiride in reducing the mean baseline level of HbA1c% by 1.79 and 2.5% at visit 2 (week 12) and visit 3 (week 24), respectively (P<0.001). The percentage of patients reaching target HbA1c less than 7% in visit 2 (week 12) and visit 3 (week 24) was 5 and 24.3%, respectively. They also showed a significant reduction (P<0.001) in the mean FBG at visit 2 (week 12) and visit 3 (week 24) of 97.44 and 104.4 mg/dl, respectively, whereas the mean percent reductions were 44.37 and 47.54%, respectively. The percentage of patients who reaching FBG less than or equal to 100 mg/dl was 26.7 and 32.2%, in visit 2 (week 12) and visit 3 (week 24), respectively. There was no significant change in mean body weight between baseline and visit 3 (P>0.05). The mean 2-h postprandial blood glucose level was decreased significantly (P<0.001) at visit 2 to 171.93±68.2 mg/dl and at visit 3 to 155.88±56.61 mg/dl. The mean reductions of 2-h postprandial blood glucose at weeks 12 and 24 were 140.8 and 156.8 mg/dl, respectively, and the mean percentage reductions were 45 and 50.1%, respectively. A total of 50 adverse events were reported by 41 patients during the study. The most frequently reported adverse event was hypoglycemia, which included 37 episodes reported by 31 patients, where nocturnal hypoglycemia was represented in 12 episodes, with percentage of 32.4%. Conclusion The results showed that a combination therapy of insulin glargine and glimepiride improved glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, who failed premixed with or without OAD (glimepiride plus metformin). In addition, safety analysis showed high patient tolerability to glargine and glimepiride regimen.
{"title":"Effectiveness and safety of insulin glargine plus glimepiride after 6 months of treatment among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who failed premixed insulin: An observational study conducted in Egypt","authors":"A. Abbassy, A. Saad, Abbas Oraby","doi":"10.4103/ejode.ejode_16_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejode.ejode_16_17","url":null,"abstract":"Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of insulin glargine in combination with glimepiride treatment in daily practice in patients who failed premixed insulin with or without oral antidiabetic (OAD) regimen. Patients and methods This 6-month, prospective, multicenter, observational study conducted in Egypt included adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on premix with or without OAD (glimepiride plus metformin), with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) greater than 8.5% and for whom the investigator decided to switch to insulin glargine in addition to glimepiride. Overall, three mandatory visits (baseline, 3 months, and 6 months) and seven phone calls were performed by the investigator for each eligible patient. Patients were assessed according to the value of HbA1c and fasting blood glucose (FBG). Results At the end of this study, the results showed effectiveness of combining insulin glargine plus glimepiride in reducing the mean baseline level of HbA1c% by 1.79 and 2.5% at visit 2 (week 12) and visit 3 (week 24), respectively (P<0.001). The percentage of patients reaching target HbA1c less than 7% in visit 2 (week 12) and visit 3 (week 24) was 5 and 24.3%, respectively. They also showed a significant reduction (P<0.001) in the mean FBG at visit 2 (week 12) and visit 3 (week 24) of 97.44 and 104.4 mg/dl, respectively, whereas the mean percent reductions were 44.37 and 47.54%, respectively. The percentage of patients who reaching FBG less than or equal to 100 mg/dl was 26.7 and 32.2%, in visit 2 (week 12) and visit 3 (week 24), respectively. There was no significant change in mean body weight between baseline and visit 3 (P>0.05). The mean 2-h postprandial blood glucose level was decreased significantly (P<0.001) at visit 2 to 171.93±68.2 mg/dl and at visit 3 to 155.88±56.61 mg/dl. The mean reductions of 2-h postprandial blood glucose at weeks 12 and 24 were 140.8 and 156.8 mg/dl, respectively, and the mean percentage reductions were 45 and 50.1%, respectively. A total of 50 adverse events were reported by 41 patients during the study. The most frequently reported adverse event was hypoglycemia, which included 37 episodes reported by 31 patients, where nocturnal hypoglycemia was represented in 12 episodes, with percentage of 32.4%. Conclusion The results showed that a combination therapy of insulin glargine and glimepiride improved glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, who failed premixed with or without OAD (glimepiride plus metformin). In addition, safety analysis showed high patient tolerability to glargine and glimepiride regimen.","PeriodicalId":260758,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Obesity, Diabetes and Endocrinology","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124225119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.4103/ejode.ejode_4_17
S. Shelbaya, S. Seddik, Abeer N. Ahmed, N. Roshdy, M. Abbas
Introduction Vitamin D is one of the important hormones involved in Ca homeostasis. It is also essential for the prevention of osteoporosis and fractures. Vitamin D is important for maintaining many physiologic functions, such as optimal balance, muscle strength, and innate immunity. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk for several types of cancer, as well as autoimmune and cardiovascular disorders. As the influence of diet on vitamin D status is minimal and most circulating vitamin D is derived from exposure to sunlight, elderly populations are greatly affected; they have marked limitations that hinder their exposure to sunlight as well as their feeding and nutritional habits. Objectives of the study The aim of this study was to assess vitamin D status in Egyptian geriatric, homebound, nursing home residents, and ambulatory elderly individuals. Patients and methods This study was carried out on 90 elderly male and female individuals divided into three groups: the first group included 30 homebound elderly individuals, the second group included 30 elderly individuals living in nursing homes, and the third group included 30 community-dwelling ambulatory elderly individuals. Results There were high statistically significant difference in the vitamin D levels between the groups studied, being the highest in group III, 158 (18–240) nmol/l, and the lowest in group II, 16 (4–194) nmol/l. Statistically significant differences were found in sun exposure, with good exposure in 60% of the individuals in group III. There were also statistically significant differences in the intake of vitamin D in diet, with good intake in 64.30% of the individuals in group III. Also, we found the highest waist circumference in group II (98.68±20.73 cm). Vitamin D showed a significant positive correlation with serum calcium in group II (ρ=0.199) and a positive correlation with aspartate transaminase (AST) in group III (ρ=0.418). Conclusion Elderly Egyptian individuals in nursing houses are at risk of developing vitamin D deficiency because of lack of exposure to sunlight, dietary problems, and or central obesity.
{"title":"Assessment of vitamin D status in different samples of an elderly Egyptian population","authors":"S. Shelbaya, S. Seddik, Abeer N. Ahmed, N. Roshdy, M. Abbas","doi":"10.4103/ejode.ejode_4_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejode.ejode_4_17","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Vitamin D is one of the important hormones involved in Ca homeostasis. It is also essential for the prevention of osteoporosis and fractures. Vitamin D is important for maintaining many physiologic functions, such as optimal balance, muscle strength, and innate immunity. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk for several types of cancer, as well as autoimmune and cardiovascular disorders. As the influence of diet on vitamin D status is minimal and most circulating vitamin D is derived from exposure to sunlight, elderly populations are greatly affected; they have marked limitations that hinder their exposure to sunlight as well as their feeding and nutritional habits. Objectives of the study The aim of this study was to assess vitamin D status in Egyptian geriatric, homebound, nursing home residents, and ambulatory elderly individuals. Patients and methods This study was carried out on 90 elderly male and female individuals divided into three groups: the first group included 30 homebound elderly individuals, the second group included 30 elderly individuals living in nursing homes, and the third group included 30 community-dwelling ambulatory elderly individuals. Results There were high statistically significant difference in the vitamin D levels between the groups studied, being the highest in group III, 158 (18–240) nmol/l, and the lowest in group II, 16 (4–194) nmol/l. Statistically significant differences were found in sun exposure, with good exposure in 60% of the individuals in group III. There were also statistically significant differences in the intake of vitamin D in diet, with good intake in 64.30% of the individuals in group III. Also, we found the highest waist circumference in group II (98.68±20.73 cm). Vitamin D showed a significant positive correlation with serum calcium in group II (ρ=0.199) and a positive correlation with aspartate transaminase (AST) in group III (ρ=0.418). Conclusion Elderly Egyptian individuals in nursing houses are at risk of developing vitamin D deficiency because of lack of exposure to sunlight, dietary problems, and or central obesity.","PeriodicalId":260758,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Obesity, Diabetes and Endocrinology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133990097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.4103/ejode.ejode_12_17
Talaat Abd-Elaaty, M. Rezk, Hend Abdel Moneium, Y. Naga, Sara Ghoniem
Background Nesfatin-1 is a newly found anorectic neuropeptide with potent metabolic regulatory effects, whose peripheral levels are shown to be elevated in diabetes. It is a newly discovered hypothalamic neuropeptide that regulates appetite. Its discovery has generated great interest in the scientific community because of its implication in energy and glucose homeostasis. Nesfatin-1 is an amino-acid peptide originating from the cleavage of nucleobindin2. It has a molecular weight of 9.8 kDa and the half-life of nucleobindin2 mRNA is ∼6 h. Interestingly, nesfatin-1 is also expressed in pancreatic β-cells, where it is localized with insulin in secretion vesicles. The structure of nesfatin-1 is also tripartite; the segment starting from the N-terminal end and going up to 23 amino acids is called N23, the middle segment covering the amino acids from 23 to 53 is called M30, and the segment from the 53rd to 82nd amino acids toward the carboxyl terminus is called C29. Objective We compared serum nesfatin-1 in patients with type 2 diabetes with evidence of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) [urinary albumin–creatinine ratio (UACR) >300 mg/day or reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min] with patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and who had no evidence of DKD (UACR<30 mg/day) and a control group of healthy nondiabetic individuals. Patients and methods Ninety patients attending the outpatient clinics at Alexandria Main University Hospital and Alexandria Police Hospital, Egypt, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study to determine the association of serum level of nesfatin-1 and DKD in patients with type 2 diabetes. They were divided into three groups: group I included 30 type 2 diabetic patients with DKD. Group II included 30 type 2 diabetic patients without DKD. Group III included 30 nondiabetic healthy controls matched for age and sex with group I. Assessment included a thorough assessment of history, complete clinical examination, neurological examination, fundus examination, and laboratory investigations including metabolic profile and plasma nesfatin-1 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The study showed a statistically significant difference between the three studied groups in terms of age (P<0.001), HbA1c and fetal bovine serum (P≤0.001), fasting insulin level (P=0.022), blood urea (P<0.001), serum creatinine (P<0.001), eGFR (P<0.001), and UACR (P<0.001). The difference between the three groups studied was not significant in serum nesfatin-1 (P<0.564). The mean peripheral concentrations of nesfatin-1 were not significantly higher in patients with diabetes who had evidence of DKD compared with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients who had no evidence of DKD (P<0.001). Conclusion Serum nesfatin-1 was not significantly higher in albuminuric type 2 diabetic patients compared with normoalbuminuric patients. Serum nesfatin also did not correlate with eGFR and creatinine in the different groups studied. Serum nesfa
{"title":"Study of the association of serum level of nesfatin-1 and diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes","authors":"Talaat Abd-Elaaty, M. Rezk, Hend Abdel Moneium, Y. Naga, Sara Ghoniem","doi":"10.4103/ejode.ejode_12_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejode.ejode_12_17","url":null,"abstract":"Background Nesfatin-1 is a newly found anorectic neuropeptide with potent metabolic regulatory effects, whose peripheral levels are shown to be elevated in diabetes. It is a newly discovered hypothalamic neuropeptide that regulates appetite. Its discovery has generated great interest in the scientific community because of its implication in energy and glucose homeostasis. Nesfatin-1 is an amino-acid peptide originating from the cleavage of nucleobindin2. It has a molecular weight of 9.8 kDa and the half-life of nucleobindin2 mRNA is ∼6 h. Interestingly, nesfatin-1 is also expressed in pancreatic β-cells, where it is localized with insulin in secretion vesicles. The structure of nesfatin-1 is also tripartite; the segment starting from the N-terminal end and going up to 23 amino acids is called N23, the middle segment covering the amino acids from 23 to 53 is called M30, and the segment from the 53rd to 82nd amino acids toward the carboxyl terminus is called C29. Objective We compared serum nesfatin-1 in patients with type 2 diabetes with evidence of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) [urinary albumin–creatinine ratio (UACR) >300 mg/day or reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min] with patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and who had no evidence of DKD (UACR<30 mg/day) and a control group of healthy nondiabetic individuals. Patients and methods Ninety patients attending the outpatient clinics at Alexandria Main University Hospital and Alexandria Police Hospital, Egypt, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study to determine the association of serum level of nesfatin-1 and DKD in patients with type 2 diabetes. They were divided into three groups: group I included 30 type 2 diabetic patients with DKD. Group II included 30 type 2 diabetic patients without DKD. Group III included 30 nondiabetic healthy controls matched for age and sex with group I. Assessment included a thorough assessment of history, complete clinical examination, neurological examination, fundus examination, and laboratory investigations including metabolic profile and plasma nesfatin-1 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The study showed a statistically significant difference between the three studied groups in terms of age (P<0.001), HbA1c and fetal bovine serum (P≤0.001), fasting insulin level (P=0.022), blood urea (P<0.001), serum creatinine (P<0.001), eGFR (P<0.001), and UACR (P<0.001). The difference between the three groups studied was not significant in serum nesfatin-1 (P<0.564). The mean peripheral concentrations of nesfatin-1 were not significantly higher in patients with diabetes who had evidence of DKD compared with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients who had no evidence of DKD (P<0.001). Conclusion Serum nesfatin-1 was not significantly higher in albuminuric type 2 diabetic patients compared with normoalbuminuric patients. Serum nesfatin also did not correlate with eGFR and creatinine in the different groups studied. Serum nesfa","PeriodicalId":260758,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Obesity, Diabetes and Endocrinology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126469007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.4103/ejode.ejode_8_17
Neveen Hemimi, Mona Abdelsalam, L. Tawfik, Marwa Khalil
Background The β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) is mainly expressed in adipose tissue and plays an important role in lipid metabolism and metabolic rate by mediating lipolysis and thermogenesis. It has been suggested that the Trp64Arg (T→C) polymorphism in the β3-AR gene affects fat accumulation and/or impairment of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate whether common polymorphism (Trp64Arg) of β3-AR gene has a role in the apparent susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and its related disorders in the Egyptian population. Patients and methods One hundred and thirty five healthy controls and 123 individuals with type 2 DM were enrolled in the study. The β3-AR Trp64Arg polymorphism was identified using restriction fragment length polymorphism PCR of peripheral blood DNA samples. Analysis of data was performed using SPSS program 11. Results Allele frequency for C was 23.2% in the diabetic group compared with 12.2% in the control group. The carriers of XC genotype (TC and CC) were at high risk of developing type 2 DM (odds ratio=2.8; 95% confidence interval=1.6–4.9) when compared with the carrier of TT genotype. Furthermore, they were at much higher risk of developing its related disorders such as central obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension (odds ratio=2.8; 1.8, 1.5, 2.2, and 2.7 for BMI, waist–hip ratio, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, and hypertension, respectively). Conclusion The prevalence of Arg64 allele of the Trp64Arg polymorphism in the β3-AR gene is a risk factor for type 2 DM and its related disorders in the Egyptian population.
{"title":"The role of genetic polymorphism of β3-adrenergic receptor in the susceptibility to diabetes and its related disorders: a case–control study on Egyptian population","authors":"Neveen Hemimi, Mona Abdelsalam, L. Tawfik, Marwa Khalil","doi":"10.4103/ejode.ejode_8_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejode.ejode_8_17","url":null,"abstract":"Background The β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) is mainly expressed in adipose tissue and plays an important role in lipid metabolism and metabolic rate by mediating lipolysis and thermogenesis. It has been suggested that the Trp64Arg (T→C) polymorphism in the β3-AR gene affects fat accumulation and/or impairment of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate whether common polymorphism (Trp64Arg) of β3-AR gene has a role in the apparent susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and its related disorders in the Egyptian population. Patients and methods One hundred and thirty five healthy controls and 123 individuals with type 2 DM were enrolled in the study. The β3-AR Trp64Arg polymorphism was identified using restriction fragment length polymorphism PCR of peripheral blood DNA samples. Analysis of data was performed using SPSS program 11. Results Allele frequency for C was 23.2% in the diabetic group compared with 12.2% in the control group. The carriers of XC genotype (TC and CC) were at high risk of developing type 2 DM (odds ratio=2.8; 95% confidence interval=1.6–4.9) when compared with the carrier of TT genotype. Furthermore, they were at much higher risk of developing its related disorders such as central obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension (odds ratio=2.8; 1.8, 1.5, 2.2, and 2.7 for BMI, waist–hip ratio, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, and hypertension, respectively). Conclusion The prevalence of Arg64 allele of the Trp64Arg polymorphism in the β3-AR gene is a risk factor for type 2 DM and its related disorders in the Egyptian population.","PeriodicalId":260758,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Obesity, Diabetes and Endocrinology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131696207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.4103/ejode.ejode_6_17
M. Abdel Gawad, O. Omar, R. A. Abo Elwafa, Ebtsam F. Mohamed
Background Obesity is considered to be a worldwide health problem. Obese individuals are at a high risk of developing dyslipidemia, hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and consequent increase of the risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. In obesity, elevated insulin resistance is observed, which may be associated with disturbances in zinc status in the body. The few studies concerning the status of zinc and its relationship with insulin resistance in obese children and adolescents have brought inconclusive results. Aims The aims of this work were to study the level of serum zinc in obese children and adolescents and to evaluate its potential relation to obesity, insulin resistance, and lipid profile. Patients and methods Thirty obese children and adolescents and 30 healthy controls aged 5–19 years were recruited for the study. Lipid profile, serum zinc, fasting plasma glucose, and fasting insulin were measured. Insulin resistance was calculated according to the homeostatic model of assessment for insulin resistance and quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index. Results Obese individuals had significantly higher serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting plasma glucose, fasting blood insulin, and homeostatic model of assessment for insulin resistance, whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index were significantly lower in obese children than in healthy controls (all P<0.05). The serum concentration of zinc was significantly lower in obese individuals compared with control. There was a positive significant correlation between serum zinc level and high-density lipoprotein (r=0.511, P<0.05). Conclusion Obese children and adolescents have a poorer zinc status than children and adolescents of normal weight, which may affect lipid profile.
{"title":"Serum zinc level and its relation to insulin resistance and lipid profile in childhood and adolescent obesity","authors":"M. Abdel Gawad, O. Omar, R. A. Abo Elwafa, Ebtsam F. Mohamed","doi":"10.4103/ejode.ejode_6_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ejode.ejode_6_17","url":null,"abstract":"Background Obesity is considered to be a worldwide health problem. Obese individuals are at a high risk of developing dyslipidemia, hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and consequent increase of the risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. In obesity, elevated insulin resistance is observed, which may be associated with disturbances in zinc status in the body. The few studies concerning the status of zinc and its relationship with insulin resistance in obese children and adolescents have brought inconclusive results. Aims The aims of this work were to study the level of serum zinc in obese children and adolescents and to evaluate its potential relation to obesity, insulin resistance, and lipid profile. Patients and methods Thirty obese children and adolescents and 30 healthy controls aged 5–19 years were recruited for the study. Lipid profile, serum zinc, fasting plasma glucose, and fasting insulin were measured. Insulin resistance was calculated according to the homeostatic model of assessment for insulin resistance and quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index. Results Obese individuals had significantly higher serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting plasma glucose, fasting blood insulin, and homeostatic model of assessment for insulin resistance, whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index were significantly lower in obese children than in healthy controls (all P<0.05). The serum concentration of zinc was significantly lower in obese individuals compared with control. There was a positive significant correlation between serum zinc level and high-density lipoprotein (r=0.511, P<0.05). Conclusion Obese children and adolescents have a poorer zinc status than children and adolescents of normal weight, which may affect lipid profile.","PeriodicalId":260758,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Obesity, Diabetes and Endocrinology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134062292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.4103/2356-8062.200908
A. Salama, R. Matta, Sahar Elhini, Lamia Hamdi, L. Adel, Hany Hassan
Background and objectives High-normal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) (2.6–4.5 μIU/ml) is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in population studies. We hypothesized that euthyriod polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with TSH of higher than 2.5 had altered anthropometric, metabolic, and endocrine parameters as well as higher percentage of MetS compared with those with lower TSH levels. Patients and methods The present study included 60 young euthyroid PCOS women without any thyroid risk factors and 60 age-matched and BMI-matched healthy, fertile women. Anthropometric measurements were obtained, biochemical and hormonal assay were evaluated, and the homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance was calculated. PCOS women were divided into high-normal TSH (group 1) and low-normal TSH (group 2) groups. MetS was defined according to National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel III. Results Group 1 had significantly higher waist circumference, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, and free androgenic index and significantly lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, free thyroxin, and sex hormone binding globulin compared with both group 2 and healthy controls. In addition, group 1 (compared with group 2) had significantly higher percentage and higher risk of MetS [46.7 vs. 16.7%, P=0.01; odds ratio (OR)=4.4] and some of its components such as fasting glucose of at least 100 mg/dl (26.7 vs. 6.7%, P=0.03; OR=4.3), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of less than 50 mg/dl (50 vs. 23.3%, P=0.03; OR=3.3), TG of at least 150 mg/dl (50 vs. 20%, P=0.01; OR=4), and near-significant higher percentage of both waist circumference of 88 cm or more and systolic blood pressure of at least 130 (P=0.06 for both, OR=3.25, 5, respectively). TSH level of 2.85 was the best threshold to indicate MetS risk (sensitivity=68%, specificity=88%, Youden index=0.56, area under the curve=0.81). Conclusion High-normal TSH PCOS women had increased risk of MetS. The optimal cut-off point for diagnosis of MetS was 2.85 µIU/ml.
背景与目的在人群研究中，高正常促甲状腺激素(TSH) (2.6-4.5 μIU/ml)与代谢综合征(MetS)相关。我们假设，与TSH水平较低的患者相比，TSH高于2.5的甲状腺期多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的人体测量学、代谢和内分泌参数发生了改变，代谢代谢产物的百分比也更高。患者和方法本研究包括60名无甲状腺危险因素的年轻甲状腺功能正常的多囊卵巢综合征妇女和60名年龄匹配和bmi匹配的健康、有生育能力的妇女。进行了人体测量，进行了生化和激素测定，并计算了稳态模型评估-胰岛素抵抗。将PCOS女性分为TSH高正常组(1组)和TSH低正常组(2组)。MetS是根据国家胆固醇教育计划/成人治疗小组III定义的。结果1组腰围、收缩压、舒张压、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、稳态模型评估-胰岛素抵抗、游离雄激素指数显著高于2组和健康对照组，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、游离甲状腺素、性激素结合球蛋白显著低于2组和健康对照组。此外，1组(与2组相比)的MetS百分比和风险均显著高于2组[46.7比16.7%，P=0.01;优势比(OR)=4.4]和其中一些成分，如空腹血糖至少为100 mg/dl (26.7 vs. 6.7%， P=0.03;OR=4.3)，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇低于50 mg/dl (50 vs. 23.3%， P=0.03;OR=3.3)， TG至少为150 mg/dl (50 vs. 20%， P=0.01;OR=4)，腰围大于或等于88 cm、收缩压大于或等于130以上的患者所占比例接近显著性增高(P=0.06, OR=3.25, 5)。TSH水平2.85是提示MetS风险的最佳阈值(敏感性=68%，特异性=88%，约登指数=0.56，曲线下面积=0.81)。结论高正常TSH多囊卵巢综合征患者发生肿瘤转移的风险增高。诊断met的最佳临界值为2.85µIU/ml。
{"title":"High-normal thyroid stimulating hormone is a predictor of metabolic syndrome among young polycystic ovary syndrome women","authors":"A. Salama, R. Matta, Sahar Elhini, Lamia Hamdi, L. Adel, Hany Hassan","doi":"10.4103/2356-8062.200908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2356-8062.200908","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives High-normal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) (2.6–4.5 μIU/ml) is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in population studies. We hypothesized that euthyriod polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with TSH of higher than 2.5 had altered anthropometric, metabolic, and endocrine parameters as well as higher percentage of MetS compared with those with lower TSH levels. Patients and methods The present study included 60 young euthyroid PCOS women without any thyroid risk factors and 60 age-matched and BMI-matched healthy, fertile women. Anthropometric measurements were obtained, biochemical and hormonal assay were evaluated, and the homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance was calculated. PCOS women were divided into high-normal TSH (group 1) and low-normal TSH (group 2) groups. MetS was defined according to National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel III. Results Group 1 had significantly higher waist circumference, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, and free androgenic index and significantly lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, free thyroxin, and sex hormone binding globulin compared with both group 2 and healthy controls. In addition, group 1 (compared with group 2) had significantly higher percentage and higher risk of MetS [46.7 vs. 16.7%, P=0.01; odds ratio (OR)=4.4] and some of its components such as fasting glucose of at least 100 mg/dl (26.7 vs. 6.7%, P=0.03; OR=4.3), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of less than 50 mg/dl (50 vs. 23.3%, P=0.03; OR=3.3), TG of at least 150 mg/dl (50 vs. 20%, P=0.01; OR=4), and near-significant higher percentage of both waist circumference of 88 cm or more and systolic blood pressure of at least 130 (P=0.06 for both, OR=3.25, 5, respectively). TSH level of 2.85 was the best threshold to indicate MetS risk (sensitivity=68%, specificity=88%, Youden index=0.56, area under the curve=0.81). Conclusion High-normal TSH PCOS women had increased risk of MetS. The optimal cut-off point for diagnosis of MetS was 2.85 µIU/ml.","PeriodicalId":260758,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Obesity, Diabetes and Endocrinology","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128515807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.4103/2356-8062.200911
I. Ahmed, Y. Eid, R. El-Gamal
Background An evidence-based association was established between iron metabolism and insulin-resistant (IR) conditions, among which was type 2 diabetes. Previous studies have reported elevated hepcidin and ferritin levels in type 2 diabetics. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the possible relationship between hepcidin or ferritin and the development of IR in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Methodology The study included 60 male participants who were categorized as follows: 20 patients having T1DM with IR (group 1), 20 patients having TIDM without IR (group 2), and 20 age-matched and BMI-matched healthy individuals. IR was evaluated using estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) and insulin (U/day). All patients were tested for fasting blood sugar, postprandial blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c, lipid profile, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, C-peptide, ferritin, and hepcidin. Results Serum hepcidin showed a nonsignificant difference between groups 1 and 2, and was not correlated to any IR-related variables. Serum ferritin was significantly higher in group 1, positively correlated to BMI, waist circumference, insulin (U/kg/day), and negatively correlated to eGDR. Out of all the significantly correlated variables, the hemoglobin A1c and waist/hip ratio were able to predict eGDR using the multivariate analysis. Conclusion Hepcidin plays no role in T1DM IR patients. Although ferritin was higher in T1DM patients and was negatively correlated to eGDR, it failed to demonstrate an independent influence on eGDR, hindering its potential use as a predictor of IR.
{"title":"Iron metabolism in type 1 diabetes: relation to insulin resistance","authors":"I. Ahmed, Y. Eid, R. El-Gamal","doi":"10.4103/2356-8062.200911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2356-8062.200911","url":null,"abstract":"Background An evidence-based association was established between iron metabolism and insulin-resistant (IR) conditions, among which was type 2 diabetes. Previous studies have reported elevated hepcidin and ferritin levels in type 2 diabetics. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the possible relationship between hepcidin or ferritin and the development of IR in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Methodology The study included 60 male participants who were categorized as follows: 20 patients having T1DM with IR (group 1), 20 patients having TIDM without IR (group 2), and 20 age-matched and BMI-matched healthy individuals. IR was evaluated using estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) and insulin (U/day). All patients were tested for fasting blood sugar, postprandial blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c, lipid profile, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, C-peptide, ferritin, and hepcidin. Results Serum hepcidin showed a nonsignificant difference between groups 1 and 2, and was not correlated to any IR-related variables. Serum ferritin was significantly higher in group 1, positively correlated to BMI, waist circumference, insulin (U/kg/day), and negatively correlated to eGDR. Out of all the significantly correlated variables, the hemoglobin A1c and waist/hip ratio were able to predict eGDR using the multivariate analysis. Conclusion Hepcidin plays no role in T1DM IR patients. Although ferritin was higher in T1DM patients and was negatively correlated to eGDR, it failed to demonstrate an independent influence on eGDR, hindering its potential use as a predictor of IR.","PeriodicalId":260758,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Obesity, Diabetes and Endocrinology","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122294732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-01DOI: 10.4103/2356-8062.197574
Mohamed Ghitany, H. Nouh, T. Elsherbiny, R. Elsayed
Introduction An association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) exists. The aim of the present study was to evaluate thyroid nodules, function, and antibodies in patients with IBD. Patients and materials The study included 50 patients with established diagnosis of IBD either ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn’s disease and 25 healthy controls. They were classified into two groups: group I included 25 patients with UC, and group II included 25 patients with Crohn’s disease; the control group included 25 healthy individuals. They were subjected to history taking, complete physical examination, and laboratory investigations that included evaluation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein, fecal calprotectin, free T3, free T4, thyroid-stimulating hormone, antithyroid peroxidase (TPO), antithyroglobulin (TG), and TSH receptor antibodies. Ileocolonoscopic and histopathological examination with assessment of IBD activity and thyroid ultrasonography were carried out. Results There were no statistically significant differences between the three groups as regards anti-TG antibodies (P=0.075), anti-TPO (P=0.190), AITD assessed serologically or by means of ultrasound (P=1.000), or as regards thyroid status (P=0.528). IBD patients had significantly more thyroid nodules compared with controls (P<0.001), and there was a positive correlation between IBD markers of activity (ESR and fecal calprotectin) and the presence of nodules. A significant negative correlation existed between free T3 and fecal calprotectin, ESR, and C-reactive protein, as well as between free T4 and ESR and fecal calprotectin. A significant positive correlation between anti-TG antibodies and fecal calprotectin as well as between anti-TPO antibodies and histological activity assessment of UC patients also existed. We found a significant negative correlation between free T3 and free T4 and several indices of IBD activity/severity. Conclusion AITD and altered thyroid function were the same among IBD patients and controls. However, IBD patients had significantly more nodules; indices of activity/severity of IBD correlated negatively with free T3 and T4, and positively with anti-TPO, anti-TG, and nodularity.
{"title":"Inflammatory bowel disease severity and activity are correlated to thyroid gland nodularity, chronic nonthyroidal illness, and thyroid autoantibodies but not thyroid dysfunction","authors":"Mohamed Ghitany, H. Nouh, T. Elsherbiny, R. Elsayed","doi":"10.4103/2356-8062.197574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2356-8062.197574","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction An association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) exists. The aim of the present study was to evaluate thyroid nodules, function, and antibodies in patients with IBD. Patients and materials The study included 50 patients with established diagnosis of IBD either ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn’s disease and 25 healthy controls. They were classified into two groups: group I included 25 patients with UC, and group II included 25 patients with Crohn’s disease; the control group included 25 healthy individuals. They were subjected to history taking, complete physical examination, and laboratory investigations that included evaluation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein, fecal calprotectin, free T3, free T4, thyroid-stimulating hormone, antithyroid peroxidase (TPO), antithyroglobulin (TG), and TSH receptor antibodies. Ileocolonoscopic and histopathological examination with assessment of IBD activity and thyroid ultrasonography were carried out. Results There were no statistically significant differences between the three groups as regards anti-TG antibodies (P=0.075), anti-TPO (P=0.190), AITD assessed serologically or by means of ultrasound (P=1.000), or as regards thyroid status (P=0.528). IBD patients had significantly more thyroid nodules compared with controls (P<0.001), and there was a positive correlation between IBD markers of activity (ESR and fecal calprotectin) and the presence of nodules. A significant negative correlation existed between free T3 and fecal calprotectin, ESR, and C-reactive protein, as well as between free T4 and ESR and fecal calprotectin. A significant positive correlation between anti-TG antibodies and fecal calprotectin as well as between anti-TPO antibodies and histological activity assessment of UC patients also existed. We found a significant negative correlation between free T3 and free T4 and several indices of IBD activity/severity. Conclusion AITD and altered thyroid function were the same among IBD patients and controls. However, IBD patients had significantly more nodules; indices of activity/severity of IBD correlated negatively with free T3 and T4, and positively with anti-TPO, anti-TG, and nodularity.","PeriodicalId":260758,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Obesity, Diabetes and Endocrinology","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124014832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-09-01DOI: 10.4103/2356-8062.178290
M. Saad, Nany Al-Gaiar, M. Mahmood, Amr Al-Abd
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major public health problem and a clinical challenge worldwide. Several epidemiological studies have confirmed the increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in individuals with MetS. Total osteocalcin (TOC) is a bone-derived, noncollagenous protein that was recently recognized as a hormone-regulating energy metabolism factor. Importantly, osteocalcin expression has been described as having a role in calcifying vascular smooth muscle cells. We aimed in the present study to analyze the correlation between serum levels of TOC and vascular calcification in elderly persons with MetS. Seventy-four elderly men aged 65 years or older were included in the present study and divided into two groups. Group I comprised 40 patients who satisfied at least three criteria for MetS according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) definition, and group II comprised 34 age-matched healthy men who served as the control group. BMI was calculated, blood samples were taken for lipid profile analysis, and total osteocalcin (OCN) levels were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Carotid Doppler B mode ultrasonography was performed for all participants. Patients with MetS exhibited significantly higher BMIs, waist circumference, fasting blood sugar, triglycerides, blood pressure, total cholesterol, and lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol compared with controls. Patients with MetS had significantly lower levels of TOC compared with controls. Also, patients with MetS had significantly higher intima-media thickness and a higher number of carotid plaques compared with controls. TOC was significantly negatively correlated with parameters of carotid atherosclerosis. It is also negatively correlated with dyslipidemic parameters. Its correlation with components of MetS did not reach statistical significance. We concluded that serum osteocalcin levels were negatively correlated with carotid atherosclerosis in patients with MetS. This may reflect the role of osteocalcin as a circulating endocrine factor that regulates glucose metabolism and thereby cardiovascular risk in patients with MetS. Prospective studies are needed to assess the time course and relevance of serum osteocalcin in the development of atherosclerosis in patients with MetS.
{"title":"Serum total osteocalcin level as a vascular marker in elderly patients with metabolic syndrome","authors":"M. Saad, Nany Al-Gaiar, M. Mahmood, Amr Al-Abd","doi":"10.4103/2356-8062.178290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2356-8062.178290","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major public health problem and a clinical challenge worldwide. Several epidemiological studies have confirmed the increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in individuals with MetS. Total osteocalcin (TOC) is a bone-derived, noncollagenous protein that was recently recognized as a hormone-regulating energy metabolism factor. Importantly, osteocalcin expression has been described as having a role in calcifying vascular smooth muscle cells. We aimed in the present study to analyze the correlation between serum levels of TOC and vascular calcification in elderly persons with MetS. Seventy-four elderly men aged 65 years or older were included in the present study and divided into two groups. Group I comprised 40 patients who satisfied at least three criteria for MetS according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) definition, and group II comprised 34 age-matched healthy men who served as the control group. BMI was calculated, blood samples were taken for lipid profile analysis, and total osteocalcin (OCN) levels were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Carotid Doppler B mode ultrasonography was performed for all participants. Patients with MetS exhibited significantly higher BMIs, waist circumference, fasting blood sugar, triglycerides, blood pressure, total cholesterol, and lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol compared with controls. Patients with MetS had significantly lower levels of TOC compared with controls. Also, patients with MetS had significantly higher intima-media thickness and a higher number of carotid plaques compared with controls. TOC was significantly negatively correlated with parameters of carotid atherosclerosis. It is also negatively correlated with dyslipidemic parameters. Its correlation with components of MetS did not reach statistical significance. We concluded that serum osteocalcin levels were negatively correlated with carotid atherosclerosis in patients with MetS. This may reflect the role of osteocalcin as a circulating endocrine factor that regulates glucose metabolism and thereby cardiovascular risk in patients with MetS. Prospective studies are needed to assess the time course and relevance of serum osteocalcin in the development of atherosclerosis in patients with MetS.","PeriodicalId":260758,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Obesity, Diabetes and Endocrinology","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117313004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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