Maria Magano Nashilyo, Timothy Masuni Nagriwum, Anita Nti-Kwakye
Given the increasing focus on sustainability and corporate responsibility, it is essential to comprehend the influence of CEO characteristics on the accomplishment of a company. The main objective of this research is to investigate the correlation between the length of time a CEO serves in their position, their level of education, company corporate social performance, and environmental performance. The study utilized a descriptive research design, employing a quantitative method by conducting a cross-sectional survey. The study sample comprised Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) from 52 publicly traded businesses, and the analysis was based on 39 collected responses. With the help of SPSS, a multiple regression analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of CEO term of office and education on business social performance and environmental performance. The results indicate that CEO tenure has a favorable and substantial influence on environmental performance, whereas CEO education substantially influences corporate social performance. The results offer useful insights into the complex correlation between CEO characteristics and sustainability success. We propose policymakers to implement restrictions or recommendations for the length of time a CEO can hold their position and their educational qualifications. This will help ensure the efficient management of social and environmental responsibilities. Moreover, providing incentives for CEOs and high-level executives to participate in continuous education and training programs could boost their comprehension of social and environmental matters, ultimately leading to the implementation of enhanced sustainability practices within organizations.
{"title":"Effects of CEO Tenure and Education on Corporate Social and Environmental Performance: Evidence from Listed Firms on Namibia Stock Exchange","authors":"Maria Magano Nashilyo, Timothy Masuni Nagriwum, Anita Nti-Kwakye","doi":"10.54536/ajee.v3i1.2592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajee.v3i1.2592","url":null,"abstract":"Given the increasing focus on sustainability and corporate responsibility, it is essential to comprehend the influence of CEO characteristics on the accomplishment of a company. The main objective of this research is to investigate the correlation between the length of time a CEO serves in their position, their level of education, company corporate social performance, and environmental performance. The study utilized a descriptive research design, employing a quantitative method by conducting a cross-sectional survey. The study sample comprised Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) from 52 publicly traded businesses, and the analysis was based on 39 collected responses. With the help of SPSS, a multiple regression analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of CEO term of office and education on business social performance and environmental performance. The results indicate that CEO tenure has a favorable and substantial influence on environmental performance, whereas CEO education substantially influences corporate social performance. The results offer useful insights into the complex correlation between CEO characteristics and sustainability success. We propose policymakers to implement restrictions or recommendations for the length of time a CEO can hold their position and their educational qualifications. This will help ensure the efficient management of social and environmental responsibilities. Moreover, providing incentives for CEOs and high-level executives to participate in continuous education and training programs could boost their comprehension of social and environmental matters, ultimately leading to the implementation of enhanced sustainability practices within organizations.","PeriodicalId":260904,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Environmental Economics","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141920623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. O. Ewubare, Sarah Onosteike Aliyu, Ikioukenigha Michael, Joy Osebhajimede Ejakhaegbe, Justice Obomejero, Sunday Osarodion Okoro, Oluwaseyi Joseph Olukayode
Heavy metal uptake by plants and successive accumulation in human tissues and biomagnification through the food chain cause significant concerns for both human health and the environment. Human activities, including industrial, agricultural, traffic, domestic, and mining processes, have increased the toxic levels of these metals beyond those contributed by natural rock-forming processes. Heavy metals are potentially toxic to plants, resulting in chlorosis, weak growth, yield depression, reduced nutrient uptake, metabolic disorders, and diminished nitrogen-fixation ability. Utilization of food crops contaminated with heavy metals is a major food chain route for human exposure. The cultivation of plants in contaminated soil poses a potential risk since vegetal tissues can accumulate heavy metals. Owing to their toxicity and potential for bioaccumulation, these compounds should be subject to mandatory monitoring, particularly in soil and plants, to prevent their entry into the human food system. Furthermore, studies have shown that phytoremediation and microbial remediation are promising techniques for mitigating the negative effects of heavy metals contamination. These methods are environmentally friendly and economically effective, making them applicable globally. This review paper summarizes the effects of heavy metals in our environment by examining relevant works related to the topic. To achieve this, databases such as Google Scholar, Frontier in Microbiology, African Journals Online (AJOL), Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) were explored to identify studies on the effects on soil, plants, human health and managing heavy metals in the environment.
重金属被植物吸收后，会在人体组织中不断积累，并通过食物链产生生物放大作用，这引起了人类健康和环境的极大关注。人类活动，包括工业、农业、交通、家庭和采矿过程，增加了这些金属的毒性水平，超出了自然成岩过程的毒性水平。重金属对植物有潜在毒性，会导致植物萎黄、生长衰弱、产量降低、营养吸收减少、代谢紊乱和固氮能力减弱。食用受重金属污染的粮食作物是人类接触重金属的主要食物链途径。在受污染的土壤中种植植物具有潜在风险，因为植物组织会积累重金属。由于重金属的毒性和生物累积潜力，这些化合物应受到强制性监测，特别是土壤和植物中的重金属，以防止它们进入人类食物系统。此外，研究表明，植物修复和微生物修复是减轻重金属污染负面影响的有效技术。这些方法既环保又经济有效，因此在全球范围内都适用。本综述论文通过研究与该主题相关的著作，总结了重金属对环境的影响。为此，我们查阅了 Google Scholar、Frontier in Microbiology、African Journals Online (AJOL)、Scopus、Web of Science、ScienceDirect 和 Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)等数据库，以确定有关重金属对土壤、植物、人类健康和环境管理的影响的研究。
{"title":"An Academic Review on Heavy Metals in the Environment: Effects on Soil, Plants Human Health, and Possible Solutions","authors":"P. O. Ewubare, Sarah Onosteike Aliyu, Ikioukenigha Michael, Joy Osebhajimede Ejakhaegbe, Justice Obomejero, Sunday Osarodion Okoro, Oluwaseyi Joseph Olukayode","doi":"10.54536/ajee.v3i1.3261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajee.v3i1.3261","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metal uptake by plants and successive accumulation in human tissues and biomagnification through the food chain cause significant concerns for both human health and the environment. Human activities, including industrial, agricultural, traffic, domestic, and mining processes, have increased the toxic levels of these metals beyond those contributed by natural rock-forming processes. Heavy metals are potentially toxic to plants, resulting in chlorosis, weak growth, yield depression, reduced nutrient uptake, metabolic disorders, and diminished nitrogen-fixation ability. Utilization of food crops contaminated with heavy metals is a major food chain route for human exposure. The cultivation of plants in contaminated soil poses a potential risk since vegetal tissues can accumulate heavy metals. Owing to their toxicity and potential for bioaccumulation, these compounds should be subject to mandatory monitoring, particularly in soil and plants, to prevent their entry into the human food system. Furthermore, studies have shown that phytoremediation and microbial remediation are promising techniques for mitigating the negative effects of heavy metals contamination. These methods are environmentally friendly and economically effective, making them applicable globally. This review paper summarizes the effects of heavy metals in our environment by examining relevant works related to the topic. To achieve this, databases such as Google Scholar, Frontier in Microbiology, African Journals Online (AJOL), Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) were explored to identify studies on the effects on soil, plants, human health and managing heavy metals in the environment.","PeriodicalId":260904,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Environmental Economics","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141920514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aims to define information architecture and its dimensions and measure the role of the relationship between the dimensions of information architecture and the end user. Additionally, the study seeks to assess the impact of indicators of information architecture dimensions on achieving benefits for the end user. The study adopted a descriptive-analytical methodology as a specialized approach for execution, utilizing questionnaires, observation, and structured interviews as data collection methods. The statistical software SPSS was employed for analyzing the study’s results. The study yielded several notable outcomes. The study’s findings indicated a statistically significant impact between the elements of organizational knowledge as one of the dimensions of information architecture. Information technology emerged as the most influential factor, whereas organizational culture had the least impact on achieving benefits for the end user. The results affirmed a statistically significant positive relationship between information technology and achieving benefits for the end user, with a correlation coefficient of (0.68). This indicates that as information technology increases within the organization (study field), the benefits for the end user also increase.
{"title":"The Impact of Information Architecture on Final User Benefits","authors":"Firas Adredah Mansoor, Zaid Mustafa Abdalrazzaq","doi":"10.54536/ajee.v2i1.2225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajee.v2i1.2225","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to define information architecture and its dimensions and measure the role of the relationship between the dimensions of information architecture and the end user. Additionally, the study seeks to assess the impact of indicators of information architecture dimensions on achieving benefits for the end user. The study adopted a descriptive-analytical methodology as a specialized approach for execution, utilizing questionnaires, observation, and structured interviews as data collection methods. The statistical software SPSS was employed for analyzing the study’s results. The study yielded several notable outcomes. The study’s findings indicated a statistically significant impact between the elements of organizational knowledge as one of the dimensions of information architecture. Information technology emerged as the most influential factor, whereas organizational culture had the least impact on achieving benefits for the end user. The results affirmed a statistically significant positive relationship between information technology and achieving benefits for the end user, with a correlation coefficient of (0.68). This indicates that as information technology increases within the organization (study field), the benefits for the end user also increase.","PeriodicalId":260904,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Environmental Economics","volume":"36 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138597917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study observes the relationship between environmental scarcity and per capita income through carbon dioxide in twenty-six countries from 1990 to 2020. The detailed objective is to find whether the projected associations validate the inverted U-shaped hypothesis as demonstrated by the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). Using panel fixed and random effects valuation procedures, the manuscript finds the negative and significant impact of income on pollution, which proves the validity of EKC. But energy consumption, population and industrial sectors have positive effects on the environment. Besides this, we also found inverted U curve status by using generalize method of moments (GMM) technique. Therefore, we reveal that the increase in income will reduce the pollution in our study sample.
{"title":"A Panel Examination of Economic Growth and Environmental Pressure in the Middle East and South Asia","authors":"Ehsan Ullah","doi":"10.54536/ajee.v2i1.2214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajee.v2i1.2214","url":null,"abstract":"The study observes the relationship between environmental scarcity and per capita income through carbon dioxide in twenty-six countries from 1990 to 2020. The detailed objective is to find whether the projected associations validate the inverted U-shaped hypothesis as demonstrated by the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). Using panel fixed and random effects valuation procedures, the manuscript finds the negative and significant impact of income on pollution, which proves the validity of EKC. But energy consumption, population and industrial sectors have positive effects on the environment. Besides this, we also found inverted U curve status by using generalize method of moments (GMM) technique. Therefore, we reveal that the increase in income will reduce the pollution in our study sample.","PeriodicalId":260904,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Environmental Economics","volume":"28 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138624832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Alsomaidaee, Ahmed A Mahmood Al Janabi, R. Neamah
The factors influencing the financial market are rapidly becoming more complex. The impact of non-financial factors on the performance of a company’s common stock can increase in ways that were not previously expected. This study investigated how brand capital affects the risk of stock prices in Iraqi private banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange failing by identifying the likelihood of a crash caused by a negative deviation in the distribution of returns on ordinary shares. As a result, the current study’s concept is to review an analytical knowledge framework of the nature of that relationship, its changes, and its impact on the pricing of ordinary shares of the banks of the researched sector for the years 2009 to 2017, as well as by the 21 banks listed during that time and by the 588 observations using the expanded market model to determine quarterly changes in stock prices. In addition to testing the negative coefficient of skewness and the down-to-up volatility models to test the contribution of brand capital in reducing the risk of stock collapse, The test results showed that brand capital is closely related to the significant and adverse risks of a stock crash. Additionally, the first’s impact is inverse, as its content highlights the role that the research sample banks’ brand capital played in lowering the dangers of stock price crashes.
{"title":"Impact of Brand Capital on the Stock Price Crash Risk, an Empirical Study","authors":"M. Alsomaidaee, Ahmed A Mahmood Al Janabi, R. Neamah","doi":"10.54536/ajee.v2i1.1808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajee.v2i1.1808","url":null,"abstract":"The factors influencing the financial market are rapidly becoming more complex. The impact of non-financial factors on the performance of a company’s common stock can increase in ways that were not previously expected. This study investigated how brand capital affects the risk of stock prices in Iraqi private banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange failing by identifying the likelihood of a crash caused by a negative deviation in the distribution of returns on ordinary shares. As a result, the current study’s concept is to review an analytical knowledge framework of the nature of that relationship, its changes, and its impact on the pricing of ordinary shares of the banks of the researched sector for the years 2009 to 2017, as well as by the 21 banks listed during that time and by the 588 observations using the expanded market model to determine quarterly changes in stock prices. In addition to testing the negative coefficient of skewness and the down-to-up volatility models to test the contribution of brand capital in reducing the risk of stock collapse, The test results showed that brand capital is closely related to the significant and adverse risks of a stock crash. Additionally, the first’s impact is inverse, as its content highlights the role that the research sample banks’ brand capital played in lowering the dangers of stock price crashes.","PeriodicalId":260904,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Environmental Economics","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115851789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leomar M. Sabroso, Jan Mariel A Duyo, Aristeo C. Salapa
A progressive country has sacrificed many things to achieve its goals, including using natural resources leading to environmental degradation. This study aimed to find out the status of the Philippines concerning environmental factors, specifically Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions, and how it is intertwined with various economic aspects, explicitly Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, Primary Energy Use, Renewable Energy Consumption, Population Growth, and Foreign Direct Investment. The study employed multiple regression analysis to measure the relationship between environmental conditions and economic growth factors. The data secondary data used in the study was obtained from World Bank (1990 – 2014). Results yielded that the impact of GDP per capita has a positively significant relationship with carbon emission influencing a substantial increase. Consumption of primary energy use by households or businesses has extensive environmental consequences, especially with substantial population growth. Moreover, the utilization of renewable energy emerged as the most obvious approach the country should come up with to combat climate change and environmental deterioration as increased human activity necessitates the utilization of the environment and natural resources. Researchers suggest significant investments in climate change adaptation and combating for the country, considering the Philippine’s strong potential for clean energy generation to avoid or even contend with the predicted ecological catastrophe by 2100.
{"title":"Unraveling the Intricate Nexus of Philippine Environment and Economy: An Empirical Analysis Using Multiple Regression","authors":"Leomar M. Sabroso, Jan Mariel A Duyo, Aristeo C. Salapa","doi":"10.54536/ajee.v2i1.1640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajee.v2i1.1640","url":null,"abstract":"A progressive country has sacrificed many things to achieve its goals, including using natural resources leading to environmental degradation. This study aimed to find out the status of the Philippines concerning environmental factors, specifically Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions, and how it is intertwined with various economic aspects, explicitly Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, Primary Energy Use, Renewable Energy Consumption, Population Growth, and Foreign Direct Investment. The study employed multiple regression analysis to measure the relationship between environmental conditions and economic growth factors. The data secondary data used in the study was obtained from World Bank (1990 – 2014). Results yielded that the impact of GDP per capita has a positively significant relationship with carbon emission influencing a substantial increase. Consumption of primary energy use by households or businesses has extensive environmental consequences, especially with substantial population growth. Moreover, the utilization of renewable energy emerged as the most obvious approach the country should come up with to combat climate change and environmental deterioration as increased human activity necessitates the utilization of the environment and natural resources. Researchers suggest significant investments in climate change adaptation and combating for the country, considering the Philippine’s strong potential for clean energy generation to avoid or even contend with the predicted ecological catastrophe by 2100.","PeriodicalId":260904,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Environmental Economics","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125642045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examined wheat farming technical efficiency, its determinants and wheat production constraints among wheat farmers in the wheat producing states of Nigeria. The study did not cover Borno and Yobe wheat producing states due to volatile insecurity situation in the areas. Primary data were obtained from 866 farmers using proportionate selection from the states list of farmers. A structured questionnaire and interview schedule were administered to the farmers to collect data for the study. A Stochastic frontier model was used to capture wheat production efficiency and its determinants while, Likert scale was employed to reveal severity of wheat production constraints among farmers in the study area. Land size, quantity of seed planted, quantity of NPK fertilizer applied, quantity of Urea fertilizer applied and labour used in man-day were found to be positive and statistically significant. The most severe constraints affecting wheat production in the study area were poor access to credit, lack of dependable wheat market outlay, and access to improved and quality seed among others. There should be adequate incentives (timely supply of improved wheat seed, fertilizer and irrigation facilities at affordable prices.
{"title":"Determinants of Technical Inefficiency in Wheat Production: An Application of the Stochastic Frontier Model - Nigeria","authors":"A. Bashir, I. M. Ali, O. Togun, S. Jibrin","doi":"10.54536/ajee.v2i1.1155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajee.v2i1.1155","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined wheat farming technical efficiency, its determinants and wheat production constraints among wheat farmers in the wheat producing states of Nigeria. The study did not cover Borno and Yobe wheat producing states due to volatile insecurity situation in the areas. Primary data were obtained from 866 farmers using proportionate selection from the states list of farmers. A structured questionnaire and interview schedule were administered to the farmers to collect data for the study. A Stochastic frontier model was used to capture wheat production efficiency and its determinants while, Likert scale was employed to reveal severity of wheat production constraints among farmers in the study area. Land size, quantity of seed planted, quantity of NPK fertilizer applied, quantity of Urea fertilizer applied and labour used in man-day were found to be positive and statistically significant. The most severe constraints affecting wheat production in the study area were poor access to credit, lack of dependable wheat market outlay, and access to improved and quality seed among others. There should be adequate incentives (timely supply of improved wheat seed, fertilizer and irrigation facilities at affordable prices.","PeriodicalId":260904,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Environmental Economics","volume":"447 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133782151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The consequences of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) countries cannot be ignore given it adverse effect on human health and global warming. With rising CO2 emissions and fallen volume of trade openness and FDI inflows in recent time, we seek to examine the effect of trade openness and foreign direct investment (FDI) on environmental degradation using time series data from 1975 to 2020 in SSA. Using the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) framework, the study employs a quadratic modeling and turning point approach to realize the study objectives. The findings reveals that (1) the trade openness-EKC and FDI-EKC does not hold given the presence of decreasing effects in the short run and increasing effects in the long run; (2) it confirms that a U-shaped trade openness-emissions and FDI-emission nexus holds given the decrease in trade openness and FDI in the short run and an increase in trade openness and FDI in the longrun; (3) The analysis supports the halo effect hypothesis before the turning point but the pollution haven hypothesis sets in after the turning point; (4) it shows evidence that trade openness and FDI contributes to reduce CO2 emissions in the short but increase it in the long run. The study recommends that SSA countries should adopt stringent environmental policies to attain sustainable economic growth without associative harm to the environment.
{"title":"Foreign Direct Investment, Trade Openness and Environmental Degradation in SSA Countries. A Quadratic Modeling and Turning Point Approach","authors":"Enongene Betrand Ewane, Etah Ivo Ewane","doi":"10.54536/ajee.v2i1.1414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajee.v2i1.1414","url":null,"abstract":"The consequences of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) countries cannot be ignore given it adverse effect on human health and global warming. With rising CO2 emissions and fallen volume of trade openness and FDI inflows in recent time, we seek to examine the effect of trade openness and foreign direct investment (FDI) on environmental degradation using time series data from 1975 to 2020 in SSA. Using the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) framework, the study employs a quadratic modeling and turning point approach to realize the study objectives. The findings reveals that (1) the trade openness-EKC and FDI-EKC does not hold given the presence of decreasing effects in the short run and increasing effects in the long run; (2) it confirms that a U-shaped trade openness-emissions and FDI-emission nexus holds given the decrease in trade openness and FDI in the short run and an increase in trade openness and FDI in the longrun; (3) The analysis supports the halo effect hypothesis before the turning point but the pollution haven hypothesis sets in after the turning point; (4) it shows evidence that trade openness and FDI contributes to reduce CO2 emissions in the short but increase it in the long run. The study recommends that SSA countries should adopt stringent environmental policies to attain sustainable economic growth without associative harm to the environment.","PeriodicalId":260904,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Environmental Economics","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122726474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Designing energy efficiency strategies for industries is predicted to be challenging. Energy is not always efficiently utilized in energy-intensive industries due to various issues, notably technology and equipment. Therefore, through a systematic review, this study aims to investigate the relationship between energy demand, technological breakthroughs, and efficiencies, with implications for the food processing industry of Bangladesh. The study utilizes the Scopus database to perform a systematic evidence search, screening, and finally selection of articles for literature review between the years 2010 and 2022. From a total of 1253 initially searched articles, 10 were selected for final review. According to the reviewed literature, energy demand in the food processing industry is expected to surge in the future, which is influenced by various factors. To tackle the challenges, deploying energy-saving technologies could be a strategy for energy conservation, enhancing efficiency and strengthening organizational growth, profitability and sustainability.
{"title":"A Systematic Review of Energy Demand, Technology, and Efficiency Nexus: Implications for Bangladeshi Food Processing Industry","authors":"Md. Julhaz Hossain, Uzzal Ali Pk","doi":"10.54536/ajee.v2i1.1376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajee.v2i1.1376","url":null,"abstract":"Designing energy efficiency strategies for industries is predicted to be challenging. Energy is not always efficiently utilized in energy-intensive industries due to various issues, notably technology and equipment. Therefore, through a systematic review, this study aims to investigate the relationship between energy demand, technological breakthroughs, and efficiencies, with implications for the food processing industry of Bangladesh. The study utilizes the Scopus database to perform a systematic evidence search, screening, and finally selection of articles for literature review between the years 2010 and 2022. From a total of 1253 initially searched articles, 10 were selected for final review. According to the reviewed literature, energy demand in the food processing industry is expected to surge in the future, which is influenced by various factors. To tackle the challenges, deploying energy-saving technologies could be a strategy for energy conservation, enhancing efficiency and strengthening organizational growth, profitability and sustainability.","PeriodicalId":260904,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Environmental Economics","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122379452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thus, this study evaluated the solid waste management of the mother and child health center (CSME) of Dosso to contribute to its improvement. The approach involved conducting surveys and interviews, quantifying waste production, and analyzing how it is managed. According to the CSME Dosso hospital solid waste management analysis, all surface technicians were trained in hospital waste management, but 69% were illiterate. However, as part of this management, 51 bins of different capacities are set up for the entire establishment, including (18 bins with a capacity of 240 liters, 14 bins with 20 liters, and 19 small baskets with 10 liters). This characterization, based on both qualitative and quantitative measurements, indicates that Dosso CSME produces 167.63 kilograms of waste per day, 58.67 tons of waste per year, of which 72% is waste that is risk-free, primarily waste. Approximately 28% of waste, including household waste and containing infectious, toxic, and anatomical risks, is at risk. The disposal of this produced waste is done either by burning, by landfilling, or by burial in pits dug without any standards. This management through these different stages constitutes a source of environmental impact. This analysis also shows that the Dosso CSME needs a waste management plan and an operational incinerator, given the absence of administrative regulations, unqualified technicians, and insufficient financial resources.
{"title":"Hospital Solid Waste Status: A Case Study of Dosso Mother and Child Health Center (CSME) in Niger","authors":"Hassimi Moussa, Bachir Yaou Balarabe, Laminou Manzo Ousmane, Abdoutan Harouna, Seydou Tahirou","doi":"10.54536/ajee.v1i2.1069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54536/ajee.v1i2.1069","url":null,"abstract":"Thus, this study evaluated the solid waste management of the mother and child health center (CSME) of Dosso to contribute to its improvement. The approach involved conducting surveys and interviews, quantifying waste production, and analyzing how it is managed. According to the CSME Dosso hospital solid waste management analysis, all surface technicians were trained in hospital waste management, but 69% were illiterate. However, as part of this management, 51 bins of different capacities are set up for the entire establishment, including (18 bins with a capacity of 240 liters, 14 bins with 20 liters, and 19 small baskets with 10 liters). This characterization, based on both qualitative and quantitative measurements, indicates that Dosso CSME produces 167.63 kilograms of waste per day, 58.67 tons of waste per year, of which 72% is waste that is risk-free, primarily waste. Approximately 28% of waste, including household waste and containing infectious, toxic, and anatomical risks, is at risk. The disposal of this produced waste is done either by burning, by landfilling, or by burial in pits dug without any standards. This management through these different stages constitutes a source of environmental impact. This analysis also shows that the Dosso CSME needs a waste management plan and an operational incinerator, given the absence of administrative regulations, unqualified technicians, and insufficient financial resources.","PeriodicalId":260904,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Environmental Economics","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126780779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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