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Proceedings ISCC 2002 Seventh International Symposium on Computers and Communications最新文献

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Moderating traffic flow over conventional ATM service 减缓传统ATM服务的流量
T. Nagase, T. Araki, Y. Yoshioka, Tadao Nakamura
In unspecified bit rate (UBR) service provided by ATM networks, users send cells into networks with no feedback; no guarantee cells may be dropped during congestion. This paper describes a congestion control scheme using active network technology to avoid congestion in a conventional ATM network. The Ants routing algorithm for congestion control associated with active networks is implemented. The routing algorithm uses information that is monitored and revised according to the congestion status of output ports and sends commands to other switching elements. The active switching elements share information about traffic levels of the interconnection network and reciprocate customized programs for rerouting cells in the presence of congestion at a switching element's output ports. As a result, it is possible to build an active switching network that can avoid congestion in a conventional ATM network.
在ATM网络提供的未指定比特率(UBR)服务中,用户将小区发送到网络中而没有反馈;不能保证在拥塞期间蜂窝可能被丢弃。针对传统ATM网络中的拥塞问题,提出了一种采用主动网络技术的拥塞控制方案。实现了与活动网络相关的拥塞控制的蚂蚁路由算法。路由算法根据输出端口的拥塞状态监测和修改信息,并向其他交换单元发送命令。有源交换元件共享有关互连网络的通信量水平的信息,并在交换元件的输出端口存在拥塞时往复用于重路由单元的定制程序。因此,可以建立一个主动交换网络,从而避免传统ATM网络中的拥塞。
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引用次数: 0
Executable test sequence for the protocol control and data flow property with overlapping 可执行的测试序列用于协议控制和数据流属性的重叠
Wen-Huei Chen, Cho-Ching Lu
We improve an earlier test sequence generation method for testing the conformance of a protocol implementation to its specification modeled by an extended finite state machine (EFSM) represented by a flow digraph. The earlier method produces an executable test sequence (i.e., one that has feasible parameter values) that covers a set of define-clear-use paths of the flow digraph for testing the data portion of the EFSM. We first overlap these define-clear-use paths into a shorter executable test sequence that tests the data portion. Second, we overlap the new test sequence with a set of transition-verifying paths for testing the control portion.
我们改进了一种早期的测试序列生成方法,用于测试协议实现与由流有向图表示的扩展有限状态机(EFSM)建模的规范的一致性。早期的方法产生了一个可执行的测试序列(例如,一个具有可行参数值的序列),该序列覆盖了一组用于测试EFSM的数据部分的流图的明确使用路径。我们首先将这些定义清楚使用的路径重叠到一个更短的测试数据部分的可执行测试序列中。其次,我们将新的测试序列与一组用于测试控制部分的转换验证路径重叠。
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引用次数: 1
Performance analysis of GSM networks with intelligent underlay-overlay GSM智能底层叠加网络的性能分析
K. Begain, G. I. Rózsa, A. Pfening, M. Telek
The paper presents an analytical model for a GSM-based cellular mobile network that applies an intelligent under-overlay (IUO) scheme to increase capacity by increasing frequency reuse while maintaining service quality. The IUO is a multi-layer cell structure that is based on dividing the frequency band into super layer and regular layer frequency groups. The super frequencies (channels) can be used by mobile stations with good C/I (carrier/interferer) ratio, while the regular frequencies can be used over the whole cell. The use of IUO is expected to provide up to 40% gain of capacity (see Nokia Telecommunications, www.nokia.com). We study the effect of various parameters on the performance of networks using IUO and provide practical planning support based on the analytical results. The considered parameters include network parameters, like super area coverage, and mobile user mobility parameters, like moving mobile ratio and average mobile speed.
本文提出了一种基于gsm的蜂窝移动网络的分析模型,该网络采用智能覆盖下(IUO)方案,在保持服务质量的同时通过增加频率复用来增加容量。IUO是一种多层蜂窝结构,其基础是将频段划分为超层和规则层频率组。超频(信道)可以被具有良好C/I(载波/干扰)比的移动台使用,而常规频率可以在整个小区使用。使用IUO预计将提供高达40%的容量增益(见诺基亚电信,www.nokia.com)。我们研究了各种参数对IUO网络性能的影响,并根据分析结果提供了实际的规划支持。考虑的参数包括网络参数,如超级区域覆盖,以及移动用户移动性参数,如移动移动比和平均移动速度。
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引用次数: 56
Fair queuing with round robin: a new packet scheduling algorithm for routers 轮循公平排队:一种新的路由器分组调度算法
Arunabha Sen, Ibraz Mohammed, Ravikanth Samprathi, S. Bandyopadhyay
Over the years several queuing policies have been proposed to ensure fairness between competing requests at a service point. The fair queuing (FQ) algorithm due to Demers, Keshav and Shenkar (1990) is a queuing technique that attains near perfect fairness, where perfect fairness is considered to be the one attained by a fluid flow model. In a data network, the head of the line processor sharing (PS) is considered to be the most fair algorithm. It has been shown that the difference in throughput at any time, in any queue, for any arrival pattern between the FQ and the PS discipline will never exceed MAX, where MAX is the maximum packet size. This difference in throughput is taken as a metric for fairness measure of a queuing algorithm. The drawback of the FQ algorithm is its high packet processing overhead (O (log N)), where N is the number of active flows. To alleviate this problem of high computational complexity, Shreedhar and Varghese (1996) proposed a fair queuing algorithm based on the idea of deficit round robin (DRR). Although DRR reduces the packet processing overhead to O(1), its fairness measure is considerably worse (3MAX) than that of FQ (MAX). In this paper, we present a new round robin based fair queuing algorithm (FQRR) whose packet processing overhead is O(1) and fairness measure is 2MAX.
多年来,人们提出了几种排队策略来确保服务点上竞争请求之间的公平性。Demers, Keshav和Shenkar(1990)提出的公平排队(fair queuing, FQ)算法是一种达到近乎完美公平的排队技术,其中完美公平被认为是流体流动模型所达到的。在数据网络中,行处理器头共享(PS)被认为是最公平的算法。已经证明,在任何时间,在任何队列中,对于FQ和PS规程之间的任何到达模式,吞吐量的差异永远不会超过MAX,其中MAX是最大数据包大小。这种吞吐量的差异被作为衡量排队算法公平性的指标。FQ算法的缺点是它的高数据包处理开销(O (log N)),其中N是活动流的数量。为了缓解这一计算复杂度高的问题,Shreedhar和Varghese(1996)提出了一种基于赤字轮询(DRR)思想的公平排队算法。尽管DRR将数据包处理开销降低到0(1),但其公平性度量(3MAX)比FQ (MAX)差得多。本文提出了一种新的基于轮询的公平排队算法(FQRR),该算法的分组处理开销为0(1),公平性度量为2MAX。
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引用次数: 11
Capacity-balanced alternate routing for MPLS traffic engineering 用于MPLS流量工程的容量均衡备选路由
P. Ho, H. Mouftah
This paper solves the problem of path selection for connection-oriented MPLS-based mesh networks with a special focus on implementation issues in middle-sized networks, such as metropolitan-area networks (MANs). A novel network planning algorithm, called capacity-balanced alternate routing (C-BAR), is proposed. For C-BAR, alternate paths between each ingress-egress pair are defined at a network planning stage according to the network topology and potential traffic load and location of each ingress-egress pair so that load-balancing can be achieved in routing label switched paths (LSPs). Both analytical and simulation-based studies have been conducted to examine the proposed approach. The results show that the C-BAR algorithm can significantly improve the performance in blocking probability by spreading potential traffic to the whole network compared with other reported connection-oriented routing schemes.
本文解决了面向连接的基于mpls的网状网络的路径选择问题,重点研究了在城域网等中型网络中的实现问题。提出了一种新的网络规划算法——容量均衡备用路由(C-BAR)。对于C-BAR,在网络规划阶段,根据网络拓扑结构、潜在的流量负载和每个入口-出口对的位置,定义每个入口-出口对之间的备选路径,以便在lsp (routing label switched paths)中实现负载均衡。已经进行了分析和基于模拟的研究来检验所提出的方法。结果表明,与已有的其他面向连接的路由方案相比,C-BAR算法通过将潜在流量分散到整个网络,显著提高了阻塞概率的性能。
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引用次数: 6
Facilitating adaptation to trouble spots in wireless MANs 促进对无线城域网故障点的适应
James S. Pascoe, V. Sunderam, R. Loader, G. Sibley
This paper presents schemes that enable high level communications protocols and applications to adapt to connectivity loss and quality degradation in metropolitan area wireless networks. We postulate that the majority of these problem areas or trouble spots, which are intrinsic to wireless networks, are related to location and environmental factors. Based on this premise, we propose a mechanism that gathers semantic data pertaining to trouble spots; prior knowledge of such locations can be used by higher-level communication protocols to preemptively adapt, thereby avoiding undesirable effects at the application level. To facilitate the detection and categorization of trouble spots, we propose a list of metrics to analyze the status of a wireless service. We report on our experiences with using these metrics to identify trouble spots and present initial results from an experimental evaluation of their effectiveness.
本文提出了一些方案,使高层通信协议和应用程序能够适应城域网无线网络中的连接丢失和质量下降。我们假设,无线网络固有的这些问题区域或故障点中的大多数都与位置和环境因素有关。在此前提下,我们提出了一种收集故障点语义数据的机制;高层通信协议可以使用对这些位置的先验知识来先发制人地适应,从而避免在应用程序级别上产生不良影响。为了便于对故障点进行检测和分类,我们提出了一组指标来分析无线服务的状态。我们报告了我们使用这些指标来识别问题点的经验,并从对其有效性的实验评估中提出了初步结果。
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引用次数: 0
An active network approach to virtual private networks 一种主动网络方法来实现虚拟专用网
R. Maresca, M. D'Arienzo, M. Esposito, S. Romano, G. Ventre
Virtual private networks (VPN) represent, in today's Internet, one of the most interesting applications. This is due both to their usefulness in corporate network scenarios and to the high revenues they guarantee to network providers. We propose an innovative approach to VPN implementation, exploiting the capabilities of active networks. We present a model aiming at building and dynamically configuring VPNs in a modular way and with a high degree of flexibility. We claim that the proposed approach has substantial advantages over traditional techniques and clearly shows how active technologies may help network engineers realize a number of critical applications for next generation networks.
在当今的互联网中,虚拟专用网(VPN)是最有趣的应用之一。这是由于它们在企业网络场景中的有用性,以及它们向网络提供商保证的高收入。我们提出了一种创新的方法来实现VPN,利用主动网络的能力。提出了一种模块化的、高度灵活的vpn构建和动态配置模型。我们声称,所提出的方法比传统技术具有实质性的优势,并清楚地显示了主动技术如何帮助网络工程师实现下一代网络的许多关键应用。
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引用次数: 7
An adaptive survivability admission control mechanism using backup VPs for self-healing ATM networks 自修复ATM网络中使用备份vp的自适应生存能力准入控制机制
Chi-Chun Lo, Bing-Wen Chuang
A restoration mechanism based on backup capacity provides a solution for assuring network survivability. In this paper we propose an adaptive survivability admission control mechanism using backup virtual paths for self-healing asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks. Working virtual paths (WVP) and backup virtual paths (BVP) are configured during the network design phase. For each call request, the proposed mechanism selects a pair of WVP and BVP followed by bandwidth reservation for the pair only if both the WVP and the BVP selected succeed in the call admission control. A backup dependency matrix (BDM) is suggested for recording the most up-to-date information of backup capacity required on a link for restoring a failure on other links. However backup capacity actually reserved on a link is shared by all BVP passing the same link. This "sharing" concept substantially reduces the amount of backup capacity required. The selection of BVP uses the BDM so as to make the selection adaptive to the current traffic loads on the network. Two BVP selection methods, min-cost and min-expectation, are proposed. The min-cost strategy increases network utilization while maintaining full survivability under a single link failure. On the contrary, the min-expectation strategy enhances network survivability by slightly reducing network utilization.
基于备份容量的恢复机制为保证网络的生存性提供了一种解决方案。本文提出了一种基于备份虚拟路径的自适应生存性准入控制机制,用于自愈异步传输模式(ATM)网络。在网络设计阶段配置工作虚拟路径(WVP)和备份虚拟路径(BVP)。对于每个呼叫请求,该机制选择一对WVP和BVP,然后仅当所选择的WVP和BVP都在呼叫接纳控制中成功时为这对WVP预留带宽。建议使用备份依赖矩阵(BDM)记录一条链路所需备份容量的最新信息,以便在其他链路上恢复故障。但是,在链路上实际保留的备份容量由通过同一链路的所有BVP共享。这种“共享”概念大大减少了所需的备份容量。BVP的选择使用BDM,使选择能够适应当前网络的流量负荷。提出了最小成本和最小期望两种BVP选择方法。最小成本策略提高了网络利用率,同时在单链路故障下保持了完全的生存能力。相反,最小期望策略通过略微降低网络利用率来提高网络的生存能力。
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引用次数: 2
Executions of "home applications" and service customisations in Integrated Personal Mobility Architecture 在集成个人移动架构中执行“家庭应用”和服务定制
Binh Thai, Stephen Wan, A. Seneviratne
Integrated Personal Mobility Architecture (IPMoA) is a personal mobility framework that supports personality in both the areas of personal communications and personalising the user's operation environments and services. In this paper, we describe how we use mobile agents in this architecture to achieve the results of providing personal, mobility support in the area of personalising the user's operational environments and services. In particular, we describe the functionality of the Personal Service Assistant (PSA). The services that a PSA can provide includes executing user's applications that cannot be "migrated" with the user, such as applications implemented in native code, and customised Internet services, namely HTTP and e-mail, based on the user's terminal and network characteristics. This paper then illustrates the viability of the proposed scheme through a prototype implementation.
集成个人移动架构(IPMoA)是一个个人移动框架,支持个人通信和个性化用户操作环境和服务。在本文中,我们描述了如何在该体系结构中使用移动代理来实现在个性化用户操作环境和服务领域提供个性化、移动性支持的结果。特别地,我们描述了个人服务助理(PSA)的功能。PSA可以提供的服务包括执行不能随用户“迁移”的用户应用程序,例如用本机代码实现的应用程序,以及根据用户的终端和网络特性定制的Internet服务,即HTTP和电子邮件。然后,本文通过原型实现说明了所提出方案的可行性。
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引用次数: 2
Software supports for preemptive rollback in optimistic parallel simulation on Myrinet clusters 软件支持在Myrinet集群上进行乐观并行模拟时的抢占式回滚
Andrea Santoro, F. Quaglia
In this paper we present a communication layer for Myrinet based clusters, designed to efficiently support preemptive rollback operations in optimistic parallel simulation. Beyond standard low latency message delivery functionalities, this layer also embeds functionalities for allowing the overlying simulation application to efficiently track whether an incoming message will actually produce causality inconsistency of the currently executed simulation event upon its receipt at the application level. Exploiting these functionalities, awareness of the inconsistency precedes the message receipt at the application level, thus allowing timely event execution interruption for activating rollback procedures. Experimental results on a standard simulation benchmark show that the layer we implement allows a strong reduction of the rollback overhead which, in its turn, yields strong performance improvements (up to 33%), especially in case of large parallelism in the simulation model execution.
在本文中,我们提出了一个基于Myrinet集群的通信层,旨在有效地支持乐观并行仿真中的抢占回滚操作。除了标准的低延迟消息传递功能之外,该层还嵌入了一些功能,允许覆盖的模拟应用程序有效地跟踪传入消息是否会在应用程序级别接收到当前执行的模拟事件时实际产生因果关系不一致。利用这些功能,在应用程序级别接收消息之前就可以意识到不一致,从而允许及时地中断事件执行以激活回滚过程。在标准模拟基准测试上的实验结果表明,我们实现的层允许大幅减少回滚开销,从而产生强大的性能改进(高达33%),特别是在模拟模型执行中存在大量并行性的情况下。
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引用次数: 7
期刊
Proceedings ISCC 2002 Seventh International Symposium on Computers and Communications
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