Pub Date : 2022-12-17DOI: 10.15173/sciential.v1i9.3193
Julia Solina Angelyca Pagotto, Manvir Kaur Chima, Sashini Buddima Kosgoda
Men’s mental health has long been stigmatized in Western society. The media plays a substantial role in emphasizing the importance of mental health; however, a gender disparity exists as men are often less highlighted than women in regard to this subject. This study investigated whether a difference in men’s mental health portrayal exists between progressive and conservative news media in the United Kingdom. Using Factiva, eight news articles were analysed; these included: The Guardian, The Daily Mirror, The Daily Telegraph, and The Times, yielding a sample size of 32. Five criteria were established to score the articles on a Yes (1) or No (0) scale. An ANOVA and a t-test were used to determine the statistical significance of the results. The analyses showed significantly higher scores for progressive news media than conservative news media, whereby The Guardian had the highest percentage of articles that included criteria 1 through 4. The findings revealed a significant difference between how men’s mental health is portrayed in progressive versus conservative news media. Specifically, there was a better representation of men’s mental health in progressive news outlets. Since a limited number of papers were analysed, further research should be conducted to better understand the portrayal of men’s mental health in the media.
{"title":"Comparison of Progressive and Conservative Representations of Men’s Mental Health in Written News Media","authors":"Julia Solina Angelyca Pagotto, Manvir Kaur Chima, Sashini Buddima Kosgoda","doi":"10.15173/sciential.v1i9.3193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15173/sciential.v1i9.3193","url":null,"abstract":"Men’s mental health has long been stigmatized in Western society. The media plays a substantial role in emphasizing the importance of mental health; however, a gender disparity exists as men are often less highlighted than women in regard to this subject. This study investigated whether a difference in men’s mental health portrayal exists between progressive and conservative news media in the United Kingdom. Using Factiva, eight news articles were analysed; these included: The Guardian, The Daily Mirror, The Daily Telegraph, and The Times, yielding a sample size of 32. Five criteria were established to score the articles on a Yes (1) or No (0) scale. An ANOVA and a t-test were used to determine the statistical significance of the results. The analyses showed significantly higher scores for progressive news media than conservative news media, whereby The Guardian had the highest percentage of articles that included criteria 1 through 4. The findings revealed a significant difference between how men’s mental health is portrayed in progressive versus conservative news media. Specifically, there was a better representation of men’s mental health in progressive news outlets. Since a limited number of papers were analysed, further research should be conducted to better understand the portrayal of men’s mental health in the media.","PeriodicalId":262888,"journal":{"name":"Sciential - McMaster Undergraduate Science Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127397012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-17DOI: 10.15173/sciential.v1i9.3183
Manvir Kaur Chima
Lay summaries are an important aspect of research, as they aim to summarize scientific findings in a manner that is accessible to a lay audience. However, lay summaries often incorporate scientific and technical jargon, which makes it difficult for the public to understand research that they are indirectly funding. This study aimed to analyze lay summaries published in four open-access journals to compare differences in effectivity and accessibility when authors summarize the key points of a research study. Four open-access journals, PLOS Medicine, PNAS, Sage Open, and Frontiers in Psychology were analyzed using McMaster University’s LIFESCI 2AA3: Introduction to Topics in Life Sciences rubric. This rubric was created by Dr. Katie Moisse, assistant professor of curriculum and pedagogy at McMaster University, School of Interdisciplinary Science. The rubric judges for an accurate summarization of the study rationale, knowledge gap, methods, results, conclusions, limitations, and next steps, while ensuring accessibility and clarity. Results indicate that total scores are statistically significant between PLOS Medicine and PNAS, SAGE Open, and Frontiers in Psychology, but not between PLOS Medicine and Frontiers in Psychology. A lack of cohesion between journal instructions along with a decreased emphasis on scientific and technical jargon may allude to the disparity seen amongst scores for these four journals. This research depicts specific disparities between open-access journals, which may help revise journal guidelines to ensure cohesiveness and lay audience understanding.
外行总结是研究的一个重要方面，因为它们旨在以一种外行读者可以理解的方式总结科学发现。然而，非专业摘要往往包含科学和技术术语，这使得公众很难理解他们间接资助的研究。本研究旨在分析四种开放获取期刊发表的论文摘要，比较作者在总结研究要点时的有效性和可及性差异。使用麦克马斯特大学的LIFESCI 2AA3:生命科学主题入门标题分析了四种开放获取期刊:PLOS Medicine、PNAS、Sage Open和Frontiers in Psychology。这个标题是由麦克马斯特大学跨学科科学学院课程与教育学助理教授凯蒂·莫伊斯博士创建的。标题判断研究基本原理、知识差距、方法、结果、结论、限制和后续步骤的准确总结，同时确保可访问性和清晰度。结果表明，PLOS Medicine与PNAS、SAGE Open、Frontiers in Psychology的总分差异有统计学意义，而PLOS Medicine与Frontiers in Psychology的总分差异无统计学意义。期刊指南之间缺乏凝聚力以及对科学和技术术语的重视程度降低可能暗示了这四种期刊得分之间的差异。这项研究描述了开放获取期刊之间的具体差异，这可能有助于修订期刊指南，以确保凝聚力和外行读者的理解。
{"title":"Exploring the Effectiveness and Accessibility of Lay Summaries in Four Open-Access Journals","authors":"Manvir Kaur Chima","doi":"10.15173/sciential.v1i9.3183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15173/sciential.v1i9.3183","url":null,"abstract":"Lay summaries are an important aspect of research, as they aim to summarize scientific findings in a manner that is accessible to a lay audience. However, lay summaries often incorporate scientific and technical jargon, which makes it difficult for the public to understand research that they are indirectly funding. This study aimed to analyze lay summaries published in four open-access journals to compare differences in effectivity and accessibility when authors summarize the key points of a research study. Four open-access journals, PLOS Medicine, PNAS, Sage Open, and Frontiers in Psychology were analyzed using McMaster University’s LIFESCI 2AA3: Introduction to Topics in Life Sciences rubric. This rubric was created by Dr. Katie Moisse, assistant professor of curriculum and pedagogy at McMaster University, School of Interdisciplinary Science. The rubric judges for an accurate summarization of the study rationale, knowledge gap, methods, results, conclusions, limitations, and next steps, while ensuring accessibility and clarity. Results indicate that total scores are statistically significant between PLOS Medicine and PNAS, SAGE Open, and Frontiers in Psychology, but not between PLOS Medicine and Frontiers in Psychology. A lack of cohesion between journal instructions along with a decreased emphasis on scientific and technical jargon may allude to the disparity seen amongst scores for these four journals. This research depicts specific disparities between open-access journals, which may help revise journal guidelines to ensure cohesiveness and lay audience understanding.","PeriodicalId":262888,"journal":{"name":"Sciential - McMaster Undergraduate Science Journal","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116014688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-17DOI: 10.15173/sciential.v1i9.3209
David Rodrigues
Proper training in science communication (scicomm) skills are consistently falling short of requirements in higher education. This highlights the need to examine a curriculum as a whole as opposed to a course level view. This study investigates whether or not students in their current undergraduate level are comfortable with performing various scicomm skills, in addition to exploring if the dedicated scicomm courses are effectively teaching students the necessary skills. We administered a survey to students on topics regarding scicomm, and asked them to rate their level of comfort, agreement, ranking of importance, and open-ended questions. Four scicomm skills that had the greatest increase in comfort; Argumentative Writing (12%), Literature Review (15%), Public Lecture- Style Presentation (19%), and Oral Presentation (30%). Alternatively, four scicomm skills had the greatest increase in discomfort; Debate (15%), Audio (18%), Policy Communication (19%), and Public Debate (22%). Upon completion of the scicomm courses, there was an increase in comfort for; oral science communication (22%); selecting and using the appropriate written, oral, and multimedia tools (24%); communicating science in written forms (26%); and personal knowledge of written, oral, and multimedia tools (50%). A small sample size, missing data (voluntary questions), omittance of Life Sciences research seminar courses, and uncertainty if academic level implied one took the course(s) in the same year, were limitations . These findings can inform changes to the existing curriculum in order to facilitate the development of scicomm skills for science students as they progress through their undergraduate degrees.
{"title":"Impact and Effectiveness of Science Communication Training in the Honours Life Sciences Program at McMaster University","authors":"David Rodrigues","doi":"10.15173/sciential.v1i9.3209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15173/sciential.v1i9.3209","url":null,"abstract":"Proper training in science communication (scicomm) skills are consistently falling short of requirements in higher education. This highlights the need to examine a curriculum as a whole as opposed to a course level view. This study investigates whether or not students in their current undergraduate level are comfortable with performing various scicomm skills, in addition to exploring if the dedicated scicomm courses are effectively teaching students the necessary skills. We administered a survey to students on topics regarding scicomm, and asked them to rate their level of comfort, agreement, ranking of importance, and open-ended questions. Four scicomm skills that had the greatest increase in comfort; Argumentative Writing (12%), Literature Review (15%), Public Lecture- Style Presentation (19%), and Oral Presentation (30%). Alternatively, four scicomm skills had the greatest increase in discomfort; Debate (15%), Audio (18%), Policy Communication (19%), and Public Debate (22%). Upon completion of the scicomm courses, there was an increase in comfort for; oral science communication (22%); selecting and using the appropriate written, oral, and multimedia tools (24%); communicating science in written forms (26%); and personal knowledge of written, oral, and multimedia tools (50%). A small sample size, missing data (voluntary questions), omittance of Life Sciences research seminar courses, and uncertainty if academic level implied one took the course(s) in the same year, were limitations . These findings can inform changes to the existing curriculum in order to facilitate the development of scicomm skills for science students as they progress through their undergraduate degrees.","PeriodicalId":262888,"journal":{"name":"Sciential - McMaster Undergraduate Science Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129845601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-17DOI: 10.15173/sciential.v1i9.3198
Bianca Mammarella, Sarah Damiani
Dexamethasone is known for its use as an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant medication. This medication has been present for many years, and its benefits have been observed in the treatment of various conditions. With the rise of COVID-19 cases on an international scale, healthcare professionals globally searched for a therapeutic medication, either existing or under development that could help those who were ill with the virus. The Recovery Trial aims to find a pharmacotherapeutic medication that would assist in treating hospitalized individuals who were diagnosed with COVID-19. In this trial, Dexamethasone’s ability to reduce hospitalization durations, and patient fatality was observed. These results increased curiosity about Dexamethasone's potential in the fight against COVID-19. As we work towards a standardized treatment plan for COVID-19, investigate Dexame- thasone’s mechanisms of action, and how it impacts different populations; together, these findings may help to determine this medication’s effectiveness as a COVID-19 treatment option.
{"title":"Dexamethasone's Connection to COVID-19","authors":"Bianca Mammarella, Sarah Damiani","doi":"10.15173/sciential.v1i9.3198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15173/sciential.v1i9.3198","url":null,"abstract":"Dexamethasone is known for its use as an anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant medication. This medication has been present for many years, and its benefits have been observed in the treatment of various conditions. With the rise of COVID-19 cases on an international scale, healthcare professionals globally searched for a therapeutic medication, either existing or under development that could help those who were ill with the virus. The Recovery Trial aims to find a pharmacotherapeutic medication that would assist in treating hospitalized individuals who were diagnosed with COVID-19. In this trial, Dexamethasone’s ability to reduce hospitalization durations, and patient fatality was observed. These results increased curiosity about Dexamethasone's potential in the fight against COVID-19. As we work towards a standardized treatment plan for COVID-19, investigate Dexame- thasone’s mechanisms of action, and how it impacts different populations; together, these findings may help to determine this medication’s effectiveness as a COVID-19 treatment option.","PeriodicalId":262888,"journal":{"name":"Sciential - McMaster Undergraduate Science Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126461679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-17DOI: 10.15173/sciential.v1i9.3194
Hassan Masood, Ryan Ziae, Waslat Waizi, Nia Katani
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a mental health disorder characterized by the inability to focus or control impulsive, hyperactive behaviour. The research manuscript investigates how the prevalence and language use of media coverage has changed in reporting ADHD among adults. Quantitative data was obtained from news articles published from the Nexis Uni database every 5-years from 2000 to 2020. The prevalence of the articles was determined by inspecting the number of publications during each respective period. The study investigated the language use of ADHD in adults by using the ADHD Descriptive Language (ADL) scale from 1 (derogatory) to 3 (respectful). Results showed an increase in the number of news articles published within each 5-year time frame: 62, 86, 119, and 161 news articles between 2000-2005, 2005-2010, 2010-2015, and 2015-2020, respectively. Language use, determined from the ADL scale, showed a relative percent increase of 4.55%, 9.38%, and 14.6% between each period, respectively. The trend observed for the descriptive language is associated with improved public perception used for the disorder in adults. Further research is necessary to raise awareness and decrease existing prejudice regarding the prevalence and language use of adult ADHD in the media.
{"title":"Historical Analysis of Prevalence and Public Perception of ADHD in Adults Within International News Coverage","authors":"Hassan Masood, Ryan Ziae, Waslat Waizi, Nia Katani","doi":"10.15173/sciential.v1i9.3194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15173/sciential.v1i9.3194","url":null,"abstract":"Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a mental health disorder characterized by the inability to focus or control impulsive, hyperactive behaviour. The research manuscript investigates how the prevalence and language use of media coverage has changed in reporting ADHD among adults. Quantitative data was obtained from news articles published from the Nexis Uni database every 5-years from 2000 to 2020. The prevalence of the articles was determined by inspecting the number of publications during each respective period. The study investigated the language use of ADHD in adults by using the ADHD Descriptive Language (ADL) scale from 1 (derogatory) to 3 (respectful). Results showed an increase in the number of news articles published within each 5-year time frame: 62, 86, 119, and 161 news articles between 2000-2005, 2005-2010, 2010-2015, and 2015-2020, respectively. Language use, determined from the ADL scale, showed a relative percent increase of 4.55%, 9.38%, and 14.6% between each period, respectively. The trend observed for the descriptive language is associated with improved public perception used for the disorder in adults. Further research is necessary to raise awareness and decrease existing prejudice regarding the prevalence and language use of adult ADHD in the media.","PeriodicalId":262888,"journal":{"name":"Sciential - McMaster Undergraduate Science Journal","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115627041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Air pollution has a significant impact on respiratory health, yet comprehensive summaries of specific impacts are limited. This study reviews previous research done on this link, while connecting it to socioeconomic factors. Common air pollutants, such as particulate matter, have a large impact on respiratory health and can exacerbate diseases and medical conditions, such as coughing, wheezing, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and cystic fibrosis. Specifically, PM10 pollutants can deposit in the upper airways, and PM2.5 can reach deep into the lungs, leading to many complications. The efficacy of measures taken to combat these issues are also discussed. In recent years, governments have introduced national climate policies and green-space designs in urban municipalities to reduce negative health outcomes. These measures accomplish this goal to a limited degree but require further investment and development. To outline how socioeconomic status impacts air pollution-related respiratory illnesses, our study discusses five studies investigating socioeconomic disparities in air pollution exposure in various parts of the world. Evidence shows that low-income people typically reside in areas with high air pollution because housing is more affordable. This provides an opportunity for new research in social determinants of health to better understand its connection with human health.
{"title":"Impacts of Air Pollution on the Respiratory System of Adults in Relation to Socioeconomic Status","authors":"Kleiton Strobl, Syed Irfan, Shane Shrikanth, Layla Halwagi","doi":"10.15173/sciential.v1i9.3200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15173/sciential.v1i9.3200","url":null,"abstract":"Air pollution has a significant impact on respiratory health, yet comprehensive summaries of specific impacts are limited. This study reviews previous research done on this link, while connecting it to socioeconomic factors. Common air pollutants, such as particulate matter, have a large impact on respiratory health and can exacerbate diseases and medical conditions, such as coughing, wheezing, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and cystic fibrosis. Specifically, PM10 pollutants can deposit in the upper airways, and PM2.5 can reach deep into the lungs, leading to many complications. The efficacy of measures taken to combat these issues are also discussed. In recent years, governments have introduced national climate policies and green-space designs in urban municipalities to reduce negative health outcomes. These measures accomplish this goal to a limited degree but require further investment and development. To outline how socioeconomic status impacts air pollution-related respiratory illnesses, our study discusses five studies investigating socioeconomic disparities in air pollution exposure in various parts of the world. Evidence shows that low-income people typically reside in areas with high air pollution because housing is more affordable. This provides an opportunity for new research in social determinants of health to better understand its connection with human health.","PeriodicalId":262888,"journal":{"name":"Sciential - McMaster Undergraduate Science Journal","volume":"206 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132194497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.15173/sciential.vi8.2967
Bianca Mammarella, Carly Burow
Lung cancer is the development of cancerous cells within the lung tissue and/or the airway that has potential to further spread. The diagnosis of lung cancer is a multifaceted issue requiring innovative approaches, detection technologies and treatments. Understanding lung cancer’s epidemiology provides insight into lung cancer's high prevalence. As most are diagnosed at further developed stages, recognizing the associated factors will provide a better understanding of how to approach treatment.1Genetic components such as germline mutations and over expression of epidermal growth factor have been analyzed. Advancements in traditional computed tomography (CT) scanning has contributed to an increased survival rate due to the ability to locate tumours in the most dis-crete locations.2 Early detection can occur using a spiral CT scan allowing physicians to perceive the lung cavity from multiple perspectives.3 Early identification of lung cancer is critical in determining the survival of the patient. Treatments for lung cancer that are declared most effective are radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or chemoradiotherapy.4Brachytherapy is an emerging form of radiation therapy that provides radiation in the closest proximity. Cisplatin is the standardized agent, analyzed for its efficiency in the treatment of various stages of lung cancer.5This discussion will explore the epidemiology, detection methods, and one of many available treatment methods to understand therapies and prevention mechanisms for stage three-A NSCLC.
{"title":"Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma – A Brief Review and Discussion","authors":"Bianca Mammarella, Carly Burow","doi":"10.15173/sciential.vi8.2967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15173/sciential.vi8.2967","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer is the development of cancerous cells within the lung tissue and/or the airway that has potential to further spread. The diagnosis of lung cancer is a multifaceted issue requiring innovative approaches, detection technologies and treatments. Understanding lung cancer’s epidemiology provides insight into lung cancer's high prevalence. As most are diagnosed at further developed stages, recognizing the associated factors will provide a better understanding of how to approach treatment.1Genetic components such as germline mutations and over expression of epidermal growth factor have been analyzed. Advancements in traditional computed tomography (CT) scanning has contributed to an increased survival rate due to the ability to locate tumours in the most dis-crete locations.2 Early detection can occur using a spiral CT scan allowing physicians to perceive the lung cavity from multiple perspectives.3 Early identification of lung cancer is critical in determining the survival of the patient. Treatments for lung cancer that are declared most effective are radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or chemoradiotherapy.4Brachytherapy is an emerging form of radiation therapy that provides radiation in the closest proximity. Cisplatin is the standardized agent, analyzed for its efficiency in the treatment of various stages of lung cancer.5This discussion will explore the epidemiology, detection methods, and one of many available treatment methods to understand therapies and prevention mechanisms for stage three-A NSCLC.","PeriodicalId":262888,"journal":{"name":"Sciential - McMaster Undergraduate Science Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126529780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.15173/sciential.vi8.3036
D. Rodrigues, Sabrina Rodrigues
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a psychiatric illness characterized by obsessive thoughts in relation to one’s appearance. Body dysmorphia continues to gain attention in the general media, academia, and the scientific community. This mental health condition can happen to anyone of any gender and is evaluated to be a chronic and long-term condition. Although research and developed models have attempted to understand the etiology, there is significant limited amount of research regarding BDD in relation to men. This highlights the need to bring awareness surrounding this topic by expressing thought provoking questions, as without treatment, BDD will progressively worsen as one ages. In this piece, we present thoughts on why this area is under-represented, as well as briefly describing what body dysmorphia is and the main area of distress in men. Moreover, we discuss why men are fixated on achieving the “ideal male image” and what it appears to be, what are the possible factors inducing body dysmorphia, and the overarching need to conduct more research on this topic.
{"title":"To look like Superman: Male body dysmorphia","authors":"D. Rodrigues, Sabrina Rodrigues","doi":"10.15173/sciential.vi8.3036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15173/sciential.vi8.3036","url":null,"abstract":"Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a psychiatric illness characterized by obsessive thoughts in relation to one’s appearance. Body dysmorphia continues to gain attention in the general media, academia, and the scientific community. This mental health condition can happen to anyone of any gender and is evaluated to be a chronic and long-term condition. Although research and developed models have attempted to understand the etiology, there is significant limited amount of research regarding BDD in relation to men. This highlights the need to bring awareness surrounding this topic by expressing thought provoking questions, as without treatment, BDD will progressively worsen as one ages. In this piece, we present thoughts on why this area is under-represented, as well as briefly describing what body dysmorphia is and the main area of distress in men. Moreover, we discuss why men are fixated on achieving the “ideal male image” and what it appears to be, what are the possible factors inducing body dysmorphia, and the overarching need to conduct more research on this topic.","PeriodicalId":262888,"journal":{"name":"Sciential - McMaster Undergraduate Science Journal","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131333370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.15173/sciential.vi8.3037
Ibreez Asaria, Armaan Kotadia, Dalraj Dhillon
A sex and gender perspective in research involves an appreciation for the intersectionality between sex, gender, and other social factors (i.e. sexuality, socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, etc.) with the risk and development of disease. This piece argues for the greater adoption of a sex and gender perspective in cardiovascular (CV) research. The absence of a sex and gender perspective has led to an underrepresentation of women and LGBTQ+ populations in studies and an underappreciation for both the biological and psychosocial impacts of sex and gender on pathogenesis.1,2 As a result of this insufficient understanding, these populations have faced a greater disease burden, poorer outcomes, and inequitable health interventions.3 The incorporation of a sex and gender lens in CV research will serve to lessen the burden of disease on these underserved populations through developing a greater understanding of the unique differences in the risk and progression of disease. Accordingly, this opinion piece hopes to illustrate the need for a sex and gender perspective in CV research in order to urge researchers, journal publishers, and supporting bodies to include sex and gender as a priority in future research.
{"title":"Cardiovascular Health - Why We Need An Intersectional Sex and Gender Approach","authors":"Ibreez Asaria, Armaan Kotadia, Dalraj Dhillon","doi":"10.15173/sciential.vi8.3037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15173/sciential.vi8.3037","url":null,"abstract":"A sex and gender perspective in research involves an appreciation for the intersectionality between sex, gender, and other social factors (i.e. sexuality, socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, etc.) with the risk and development of disease. This piece argues for the greater adoption of a sex and gender perspective in cardiovascular (CV) research. The absence of a sex and gender perspective has led to an underrepresentation of women and LGBTQ+ populations in studies and an underappreciation for both the biological and psychosocial impacts of sex and gender on pathogenesis.1,2 As a result of this insufficient understanding, these populations have faced a greater disease burden, poorer outcomes, and inequitable health interventions.3 The incorporation of a sex and gender lens in CV research will serve to lessen the burden of disease on these underserved populations through developing a greater understanding of the unique differences in the risk and progression of disease. Accordingly, this opinion piece hopes to illustrate the need for a sex and gender perspective in CV research in order to urge researchers, journal publishers, and supporting bodies to include sex and gender as a priority in future research.","PeriodicalId":262888,"journal":{"name":"Sciential - McMaster Undergraduate Science Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128451912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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