Abstract Introduction: Unlike other team sports on the court, volleyball lacks physical contact between players, the teams being separated by the net. However, lower limb injuries take place during spiking and blocking trough unintentional and illegal intrusion of a player in the opponent’s court. Due to the specificity of the game, the joints of the upper limbs are also subject to overload. The purpose of this study is to analyze the international literature on injury and trauma in performance volleyball. Methods: We analysed several studies about injuries in performance volleyballwhich were identified using online databases: Google Scholar, EBSCO, Springer, Elsevier, and Scopus. Results: The injury patternshows the ankle sprain as being by far the most common injury in volleyball with a percentage of 31.9%. The knee is the second most injured anatomic site, 17.38% of injuries affecting this joint. Third most frequent injury affects the fingers 13.44%, followed by lower back 12,38% andshoulder trauma 12.18%. The hand is injured in 6.97%, while other injuries were found in 5.25% of cases. Conclusions: The need for in depth analysis of volleyball injuries still persists. Analysing the literature we are comming to understand the mechanisms that produce the injuries with the purpose of finding metods to avoid these unfortunate events before they happen. It is no longer enough to recover from an injury, it must be prevented entirely if possible. Time spent by a player recovering may negatively affect the team's performance. Injury prevention measures must occupy an important place in training. Coaches should take into acount all the factors that influence injury incidence and design the training plan accordingly.
{"title":"A review on volleyball injuries","authors":"Hans-Eric Reitmayer","doi":"10.1515/tperj-2017-0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tperj-2017-0040","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction: Unlike other team sports on the court, volleyball lacks physical contact between players, the teams being separated by the net. However, lower limb injuries take place during spiking and blocking trough unintentional and illegal intrusion of a player in the opponent’s court. Due to the specificity of the game, the joints of the upper limbs are also subject to overload. The purpose of this study is to analyze the international literature on injury and trauma in performance volleyball. Methods: We analysed several studies about injuries in performance volleyballwhich were identified using online databases: Google Scholar, EBSCO, Springer, Elsevier, and Scopus. Results: The injury patternshows the ankle sprain as being by far the most common injury in volleyball with a percentage of 31.9%. The knee is the second most injured anatomic site, 17.38% of injuries affecting this joint. Third most frequent injury affects the fingers 13.44%, followed by lower back 12,38% andshoulder trauma 12.18%. The hand is injured in 6.97%, while other injuries were found in 5.25% of cases. Conclusions: The need for in depth analysis of volleyball injuries still persists. Analysing the literature we are comming to understand the mechanisms that produce the injuries with the purpose of finding metods to avoid these unfortunate events before they happen. It is no longer enough to recover from an injury, it must be prevented entirely if possible. Time spent by a player recovering may negatively affect the team's performance. Injury prevention measures must occupy an important place in training. Coaches should take into acount all the factors that influence injury incidence and design the training plan accordingly.","PeriodicalId":267204,"journal":{"name":"Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124922301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Introduction. Obesity is a disorder characterized by an amount of body fat over the normal limits. This could be reduced when there are no metabolic disorders with good alimentation and increasing the level of physical activity. In prevention of childhood obesity beside the institution on the field that has the obligation to promote a healthy lifestyle, parents have the main role. They are responsible for the food that their children get and also for their teaching for a healthy lifestyle. However, many times, the parents’ attitude beside the obesity is inappropriate for various reasons. One of them is the fact that parents don’t perceive correctly their children body weight. The aim of this study is to assess the way a group of parents who have children enrolled to sports activity perceive their children body weight. We also wanted to check the way in which these perceptions are associated with possible attempts to lose weight. Participants and methods: In this study we evaluated 62 girls (average age: 10.29±1.32 years), these being enrolled to a private volleyball club from Timisoara. Testing protocol consisted in height measurement, evaluation of body composition and completing of a questionnaire by parents. Results. In the current research, there exist a few significant differences between the body mass index that was considered the base on which the children were put into different weight categories and the parent’s perception on the body weight of their own children; 38.7 % of the total of the children that were measured were overweight or obese and only 8.04 % were involved in a program that helps weight loss. Conclusion. The vast majority of questioned parents underestimated the real body weight of their children, choosing an inferior weight category, inferior to the real one. These perception errors of the parents affect the level of concern regarding the body weight of the children and, thus, the optimal attitude concerning it.
{"title":"Overweight between perception and reality","authors":"C. Strava","doi":"10.1515/tperj-2017-0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tperj-2017-0039","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction. Obesity is a disorder characterized by an amount of body fat over the normal limits. This could be reduced when there are no metabolic disorders with good alimentation and increasing the level of physical activity. In prevention of childhood obesity beside the institution on the field that has the obligation to promote a healthy lifestyle, parents have the main role. They are responsible for the food that their children get and also for their teaching for a healthy lifestyle. However, many times, the parents’ attitude beside the obesity is inappropriate for various reasons. One of them is the fact that parents don’t perceive correctly their children body weight. The aim of this study is to assess the way a group of parents who have children enrolled to sports activity perceive their children body weight. We also wanted to check the way in which these perceptions are associated with possible attempts to lose weight. Participants and methods: In this study we evaluated 62 girls (average age: 10.29±1.32 years), these being enrolled to a private volleyball club from Timisoara. Testing protocol consisted in height measurement, evaluation of body composition and completing of a questionnaire by parents. Results. In the current research, there exist a few significant differences between the body mass index that was considered the base on which the children were put into different weight categories and the parent’s perception on the body weight of their own children; 38.7 % of the total of the children that were measured were overweight or obese and only 8.04 % were involved in a program that helps weight loss. Conclusion. The vast majority of questioned parents underestimated the real body weight of their children, choosing an inferior weight category, inferior to the real one. These perception errors of the parents affect the level of concern regarding the body weight of the children and, thus, the optimal attitude concerning it.","PeriodicalId":267204,"journal":{"name":"Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126584738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Sports values are those through which the human being attempts to develop under the rules, decisions, regulations, laws drafted by national or international organizations and accepted by each athlete. In the physical education lesson, when one or more values are appropriated, becoming convictions, they particularly structure the student's behavior, child's behavior and constitute an authentic leader of the actions and the way they are. Athletic activity is the only way to systematically and continuously develop sporting values and the desire to compete induced in the physical education lesson where students receive a knowledge system that forms a true theory of competition - all in the spirit of friendship, knowledge and mutual respect based on human being dignity. The aim of our approach is to educate children with universal values, Olympic values, and create a selfless, proactive, collaborative behavior that removes hierarchy. At the basis of education in the spirit of universal values will be sports games with modified rules. At the basis of the study, the survey method was based on a questionnaire and the analysis combined the qualitative and the quantitative interpretation. The results of the study point to the need to educate children through the means of action specific to physical education and sport, implicit of universal ones.
{"title":"The impact of sport education on fundamental values","authors":"B. Abalașei, Radu Iacob, R. Puni","doi":"10.1515/tperj-2017-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tperj-2017-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sports values are those through which the human being attempts to develop under the rules, decisions, regulations, laws drafted by national or international organizations and accepted by each athlete. In the physical education lesson, when one or more values are appropriated, becoming convictions, they particularly structure the student's behavior, child's behavior and constitute an authentic leader of the actions and the way they are. Athletic activity is the only way to systematically and continuously develop sporting values and the desire to compete induced in the physical education lesson where students receive a knowledge system that forms a true theory of competition - all in the spirit of friendship, knowledge and mutual respect based on human being dignity. The aim of our approach is to educate children with universal values, Olympic values, and create a selfless, proactive, collaborative behavior that removes hierarchy. At the basis of education in the spirit of universal values will be sports games with modified rules. At the basis of the study, the survey method was based on a questionnaire and the analysis combined the qualitative and the quantitative interpretation. The results of the study point to the need to educate children through the means of action specific to physical education and sport, implicit of universal ones.","PeriodicalId":267204,"journal":{"name":"Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116201639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Objective: This study focuses on the possible associations between the trunk asymmetry (TA) and different risk factors, such as: Body Mass Index (BMI), place of residence (rural/urban area), the gender of the subjects and the level of the physical activity. Methods: The data for this study was obtained from a cross-sectional survey of school children carried out in 2015 in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. In this study 487 pupils (260 boys and 227 girls) aged 10-15 years were included. The angle of trunk rotation (ATR) was obtained from scoliometer readings. The level of the physical activity was calculated from the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children. The statistical analysis was carried out on the obtained mean values (independent sample t-test, paired-sample t-test, ANOVA), and the relation between variables was analyzed by the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: In case of subjects from urban area the degree of TA was 2.75º(±2.85º), and in case of those from rural area 2.09º(±2.23º), t= 2.813, p = 0.005. The TA was lower in subjects who live in rural area, in houses: 2.07º(±2.21), than in case of those who live in flats in urban area: 2.86º(±2.94), (p = 0.032 ). The level of physical activity in case of boys is higher than in case of girls (boys 2.82±(0.68), girls 2.62(±0.67)). The Pearson correlation test did not find any correlation between the angle of trunk rotation and the level of physical activity: r= 0.000, p = 0.998. The degree of TA is higher in case of girls, than in case of boys (girls 2.88º(±2.91º), boys 2.19º(±2.38º)), t = - 2.601, p = 0.010. However, we found small correlation between the BMI and the TA in case of boys who have a degree of trunk asymmetry ≥5º: r = - 0.289, p = 0.044. Conclusions: The study revealed the lack of correlation between the TA and BMI, place of residence and the level of physical activity practiced. However, in case of boys we found a small correlation between the BMI and sever asymmetry.
摘要目的:探讨躯干不对称(TA)与身体质量指数(BMI)、居住地(农村/城市)、性别、体力活动水平等不同危险因素的关系。方法:本研究的数据来自于2015年在罗马尼亚克卢日-纳波卡对学龄儿童进行的横断面调查。在这项研究中，487名10-15岁的学生(260名男孩和227名女孩)被纳入研究对象。躯干旋转角(ATR)由脊柱侧弯仪读数获得。体力活动水平根据《大龄儿童体力活动问卷》计算。对所得均值进行统计分析(独立样本t检验、配对样本t检验、方差分析)，并采用Pearson相关系数分析变量间的关系。结果:城市受试者TA程度为2.75º(±2.85º)，农村受试者TA程度为2.09º(±2.23º)，t= 2.813, p = 0.005。居住在农村住宅的受试者TA为2.07º(±2.21)，而居住在城市公寓的受试者TA为2.86º(±2.94)，差异有统计学意义(p = 0.032)。男生的体力活动水平(2.82±0.68)高于女生(2.62±0.67)。Pearson相关检验未发现躯干旋转角度与身体活动水平之间存在相关性:r= 0.000, p = 0.998。女生TA程度高于男生(女生2.88º(±2.91º)，男生2.19º(±2.38º))，t = - 2.601, p = 0.010。然而，对于躯干不对称程度≥5º的男孩，我们发现BMI与TA之间的相关性很小:r = - 0.289, p = 0.044。结论:该研究揭示了TA与BMI、居住地和体育锻炼水平之间缺乏相关性。然而，在男孩的情况下，我们发现BMI和严重不对称之间有很小的相关性。
{"title":"Trunk asymmetry at children aged 10-15 years: relation between amount of asymmetry and risk factors.","authors":"B. Balla, Iacob Hanțiu","doi":"10.1515/tperj-2017-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tperj-2017-0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective: This study focuses on the possible associations between the trunk asymmetry (TA) and different risk factors, such as: Body Mass Index (BMI), place of residence (rural/urban area), the gender of the subjects and the level of the physical activity. Methods: The data for this study was obtained from a cross-sectional survey of school children carried out in 2015 in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. In this study 487 pupils (260 boys and 227 girls) aged 10-15 years were included. The angle of trunk rotation (ATR) was obtained from scoliometer readings. The level of the physical activity was calculated from the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children. The statistical analysis was carried out on the obtained mean values (independent sample t-test, paired-sample t-test, ANOVA), and the relation between variables was analyzed by the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: In case of subjects from urban area the degree of TA was 2.75º(±2.85º), and in case of those from rural area 2.09º(±2.23º), t= 2.813, p = 0.005. The TA was lower in subjects who live in rural area, in houses: 2.07º(±2.21), than in case of those who live in flats in urban area: 2.86º(±2.94), (p = 0.032 ). The level of physical activity in case of boys is higher than in case of girls (boys 2.82±(0.68), girls 2.62(±0.67)). The Pearson correlation test did not find any correlation between the angle of trunk rotation and the level of physical activity: r= 0.000, p = 0.998. The degree of TA is higher in case of girls, than in case of boys (girls 2.88º(±2.91º), boys 2.19º(±2.38º)), t = - 2.601, p = 0.010. However, we found small correlation between the BMI and the TA in case of boys who have a degree of trunk asymmetry ≥5º: r = - 0.289, p = 0.044. Conclusions: The study revealed the lack of correlation between the TA and BMI, place of residence and the level of physical activity practiced. However, in case of boys we found a small correlation between the BMI and sever asymmetry.","PeriodicalId":267204,"journal":{"name":"Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116460802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Aim. Scientific data show an increase in infantile overweight and obesity cases, which results in illness and social problems, thus a lower quality of life. The main causes for this situation are the lack of physical activity, the nutritional behavior and emotional stress. Our attention focused on observing the group’s social behavior at the end of the implementation of a program which integrated physical activity, a healthy nutritional behavior and social activities. Methods. The case study started by abstracting information from scientific publications for a better understanding of the phenomena. The research used the survey method for analyzing the groups’ (n=14) social dynamics throughout the implementation of a physical activity program for children aged 8 to 12. Results. By comparing the initial and final results of the survey, an improvement of the social relations inside the subjects’ group can be observed. Conclusion. The main knowledge gained from this experiment is the confirmation that through the implementation of strategies that include physical activities, a strict nutritional behavior and social activities, we can improve a group’s cohesion and thus contribute to the increase of the quality of life for children aged 8 to 12 years old, although the evaluation of other aspects like the evolution of physical and mental fitness throughout such a program is needed.
{"title":"Improving the quality of life through participation in physical activity- the tennis camp pilot study","authors":"Radu-Tiberiu Șerban, A. Baciu","doi":"10.1515/tperj-2017-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tperj-2017-0035","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aim. Scientific data show an increase in infantile overweight and obesity cases, which results in illness and social problems, thus a lower quality of life. The main causes for this situation are the lack of physical activity, the nutritional behavior and emotional stress. Our attention focused on observing the group’s social behavior at the end of the implementation of a program which integrated physical activity, a healthy nutritional behavior and social activities. Methods. The case study started by abstracting information from scientific publications for a better understanding of the phenomena. The research used the survey method for analyzing the groups’ (n=14) social dynamics throughout the implementation of a physical activity program for children aged 8 to 12. Results. By comparing the initial and final results of the survey, an improvement of the social relations inside the subjects’ group can be observed. Conclusion. The main knowledge gained from this experiment is the confirmation that through the implementation of strategies that include physical activities, a strict nutritional behavior and social activities, we can improve a group’s cohesion and thus contribute to the increase of the quality of life for children aged 8 to 12 years old, although the evaluation of other aspects like the evolution of physical and mental fitness throughout such a program is needed.","PeriodicalId":267204,"journal":{"name":"Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124725415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The teaching discipline entitled the Training of the body expression sums those activities that imply the body and which come in varied forms, both as motor structures and as functional features. In the following, we will try to bring arguments in support of the idea that body education (Physical Education) should be the starting point for the Stage Movement (The training of the body expression), first of all, but also for other disciplines of movement, included in the Actor’s Art curriculum (pantomime, fencing, dance).
{"title":"Physical Education - Active Support of the Stage Movement (The Training of the Bodily Expression)","authors":"A. Leșe","doi":"10.1515/TPERJ-2017-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/TPERJ-2017-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The teaching discipline entitled the Training of the body expression sums those activities that imply the body and which come in varied forms, both as motor structures and as functional features. In the following, we will try to bring arguments in support of the idea that body education (Physical Education) should be the starting point for the Stage Movement (The training of the body expression), first of all, but also for other disciplines of movement, included in the Actor’s Art curriculum (pantomime, fencing, dance).","PeriodicalId":267204,"journal":{"name":"Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122262562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Culture is considered the vector that influences directly management activity, which must be carried out efficiently and in a professional manner, in order to obtain performances. Knowledge of the models of cultural analysis, elaborated by researchers such as: G. Hofstede, F. Trompenaars, Ed. Hall, etc. constitute a manager’s support to understand cultural specificity and location, be this a country, a region, or an area, in which he or she operates or will operate. Training managers from a cultural point of view has become an important requirement nowadays in Romania, irrespective of whether they work in organisations abroad or in various cultural areas in Romania.
{"title":"The identification of the components organizational culture in the camps from Romania","authors":"Florin Nichifor","doi":"10.1515/tperj-2017-0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tperj-2017-0041","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Culture is considered the vector that influences directly management activity, which must be carried out efficiently and in a professional manner, in order to obtain performances. Knowledge of the models of cultural analysis, elaborated by researchers such as: G. Hofstede, F. Trompenaars, Ed. Hall, etc. constitute a manager’s support to understand cultural specificity and location, be this a country, a region, or an area, in which he or she operates or will operate. Training managers from a cultural point of view has become an important requirement nowadays in Romania, irrespective of whether they work in organisations abroad or in various cultural areas in Romania.","PeriodicalId":267204,"journal":{"name":"Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126799123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This study aims to identify mechanisms responsible for the achievements in the artistic gymnastics performance. The main mechanisms we have considered a priori as being mechanisms of change were: anxiety for high performance sport, general self-efficacy, specific self-efficacy in gymnastics, motivation in high performance sport, emotional skills and social skills. Gymnasts from 3 national clubs attended this study. The gymnasts were distributed in 3 lots. The subjects are between 8 and 10 years. Since this study aimed to monitor certain psychological variables and one of the participating group received psychological counseling, before intervention we submitted screening questionnaires related to emotional and behavioral disorders to all groups. All gymnasts attending the study received questionnaires related to each mechanism monitored both in the beginning and at the end of the emotional development program. During the study the gymnasts were distributed in three lots as follows: the first lot received in addition to classical training methods, an emotional training program and a complex technical training program; the second lot received the same complex technical training program as the first lot; and the third lot did not receive intervention program and the gymnasts were trained following the traditional training program. We have analyzed the results using the procedure described by Weersing, V.R. and Weisz, J.R. [19]: the Efficiency Test, the Specificity of Intervention Test, Mechanisms of Change Test; Mediation Test.
{"title":"Study on analysis the emotion regulation mechanisms responsible for improvement of sport performance in artistic gymnastics","authors":"Ramona Ancuța Nuț, P. Apostu, N. Pop","doi":"10.1515/tperj-2017-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tperj-2017-0036","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aims to identify mechanisms responsible for the achievements in the artistic gymnastics performance. The main mechanisms we have considered a priori as being mechanisms of change were: anxiety for high performance sport, general self-efficacy, specific self-efficacy in gymnastics, motivation in high performance sport, emotional skills and social skills. Gymnasts from 3 national clubs attended this study. The gymnasts were distributed in 3 lots. The subjects are between 8 and 10 years. Since this study aimed to monitor certain psychological variables and one of the participating group received psychological counseling, before intervention we submitted screening questionnaires related to emotional and behavioral disorders to all groups. All gymnasts attending the study received questionnaires related to each mechanism monitored both in the beginning and at the end of the emotional development program. During the study the gymnasts were distributed in three lots as follows: the first lot received in addition to classical training methods, an emotional training program and a complex technical training program; the second lot received the same complex technical training program as the first lot; and the third lot did not receive intervention program and the gymnasts were trained following the traditional training program. We have analyzed the results using the procedure described by Weersing, V.R. and Weisz, J.R. [19]: the Efficiency Test, the Specificity of Intervention Test, Mechanisms of Change Test; Mediation Test.","PeriodicalId":267204,"journal":{"name":"Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130832685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Gherman, Leon Gomboș, Adrian Patrascu, Sergiu Pop
Abstract Postural balance plays an important role in high performance sports. The line between success and failure may be decided at such a small scale. In handball, postural balance may affect the accuracy of every technique that a played use, especially the throwing of the ball towards the goal. Our study aimed to identify the degree of influence that izometric effort has over the balance stance during a handball throw. Subjects: 210 1st year students from the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Babeș-Bolyai University from Cluj-Napoca, were involved in this study. The subjects were both male and female, with the ages between 18 and 21 years old, with and without former performance athlete background. Materials: We’ve conducted the balance test using the AMTI NETforce BP 400600 force platform and the actual isometric exercises were completed in the same laboratory. Two types of planks and a half-squat were used as the isometric exercises. Results: There was no significant statistical difference between the balance variables before and after isometric exercises while holding the ball in hand. There was a significant statistical difference between the displacement before and after for the position without the ball. Conclusion: There is no impact of the isometric effort over the balance stance while holding the handball ball in the throwing position. We’ve identified a strong relation between the isometric effort and the balance stance without the ball in hand.
姿势平衡在高性能运动中起着重要的作用。成功与失败之间的界限可能在如此小的范围内决定。在手球比赛中，姿势平衡可能会影响球员使用的每一个技术的准确性，特别是向球门扔球。我们的研究旨在确定在手球投掷过程中，等距努力对平衡姿态的影响程度。研究对象:来自克卢日纳波卡Babeș-Bolyai大学体育与运动学院的210名一年级学生。研究对象男女皆有，年龄在18 - 21岁之间，有和没有前竞技运动员背景。材料:我们使用AMTI NETforce BP 400600力平台进行平衡测试，实际等距练习在同一实验室完成。两种类型的平板支撑和半深蹲被用作等长运动。结果:手持球等长运动前后的平衡指标差异无统计学意义。无球位置前后的位移有显著的统计学差异。结论:手球投位持球时，等长力对平衡姿势无影响。我们已经确定了在无球状态下的等距努力和平衡姿势之间有很强的关系。
{"title":"Izometric effort in the balance stance of handball throw","authors":"A. Gherman, Leon Gomboș, Adrian Patrascu, Sergiu Pop","doi":"10.1515/tperj-2017-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tperj-2017-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Postural balance plays an important role in high performance sports. The line between success and failure may be decided at such a small scale. In handball, postural balance may affect the accuracy of every technique that a played use, especially the throwing of the ball towards the goal. Our study aimed to identify the degree of influence that izometric effort has over the balance stance during a handball throw. Subjects: 210 1st year students from the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Babeș-Bolyai University from Cluj-Napoca, were involved in this study. The subjects were both male and female, with the ages between 18 and 21 years old, with and without former performance athlete background. Materials: We’ve conducted the balance test using the AMTI NETforce BP 400600 force platform and the actual isometric exercises were completed in the same laboratory. Two types of planks and a half-squat were used as the isometric exercises. Results: There was no significant statistical difference between the balance variables before and after isometric exercises while holding the ball in hand. There was a significant statistical difference between the displacement before and after for the position without the ball. Conclusion: There is no impact of the isometric effort over the balance stance while holding the handball ball in the throwing position. We’ve identified a strong relation between the isometric effort and the balance stance without the ball in hand.","PeriodicalId":267204,"journal":{"name":"Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal","volume":"35 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123479165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background. The purpose of the study was to realize the priorities in physical, technical and tactical training for junior football players. Moreover, preparing of the content was intended to optimize the use the most efficient methods and means for increasing the efficiency of speed and skill during the training and games. Objectives. Data were collected from 18 junior football players, with ages ranging from 14-15 years, members of the ACS Unirea (C) Tritenii de Jos team. The subjects were tested three times during the whole training stage, pre, middle and post-training examinations being performed. The three examinations consisted of 5 tests each: 50-meter sprint, standing long jump, 2000 meter running, maintaining the ball in the air and leading the ball through markers. Methods. Specific methods for developing the speed used in the study are based on repetitions (specific efforts at maximum or submaximal speed, under usual, relieved, severe conditions), on various efforts and intervals. Skill development methods took into account the complexity of coordinating action movements and the spatial, temporal, and motion force precision. For developing motor skills, the authors used the interval and circuit training. Results. All the participants attained higher levels of performance, both at the second and third examination, on each of the 5 tests. Data collected were analyzed using the One –Way ANOVA statistical procedure, which compares the results obtained by one single group of subjects. This procedure revealed, at a significant level of confidence, that the mean of the performance enhancement reached 50 percents along the one-year training stage. Conclusions. The research has shown that, by giving a more significant share of the best methods and means for developing the speed and skill in the physical training of junior footballers, the increase in the performance of these motor skills is significant.
抽象的背景。本研究的目的是了解青少年足球运动员身体、技术和战术训练的重点。此外，准备内容的目的是为了在训练和比赛中优化使用最有效的方法和手段来提高速度和技巧的效率。目标。数据收集自18名年龄在14-15岁之间的少年足球运动员，他们是ACS Unirea (C) Tritenii de Jos队的成员。受试者在整个训练阶段进行三次测试，分别进行训练前、训练中和训练后的测试。三项考试由50米短跑、立定跳远、2000米跑、空中持球、带球过盯人5项组成。方法。研究中使用的提高速度的具体方法是基于重复(以最大或次最大速度进行的特定努力，在通常，减轻，严重的条件下)，各种努力和间隔。技能开发方法考虑了协调动作动作的复杂性以及空间、时间和运动力的精度。为了发展运动技能，作者采用了间歇训练和循环训练。结果。在第二次和第三次测试中，所有参与者在5项测试中的每一项都取得了更高的成绩。收集的数据使用单因素方差分析统计程序进行分析，该统计程序将同一组受试者获得的结果进行比较。这个过程显示，在一个显著的置信水平上，在一年的训练阶段，平均表现提高了50%。结论。研究表明，在青少年足球运动员的体能训练中，给予更多的最好的方法和手段来发展速度和技能，这些运动技能的表现是显著的。
{"title":"Specific training for improving the skill and speed in junior football players","authors":"D. Monea, R. Prodan, V. Grosu","doi":"10.1515/tperj-2017-0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/tperj-2017-0043","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background. The purpose of the study was to realize the priorities in physical, technical and tactical training for junior football players. Moreover, preparing of the content was intended to optimize the use the most efficient methods and means for increasing the efficiency of speed and skill during the training and games. Objectives. Data were collected from 18 junior football players, with ages ranging from 14-15 years, members of the ACS Unirea (C) Tritenii de Jos team. The subjects were tested three times during the whole training stage, pre, middle and post-training examinations being performed. The three examinations consisted of 5 tests each: 50-meter sprint, standing long jump, 2000 meter running, maintaining the ball in the air and leading the ball through markers. Methods. Specific methods for developing the speed used in the study are based on repetitions (specific efforts at maximum or submaximal speed, under usual, relieved, severe conditions), on various efforts and intervals. Skill development methods took into account the complexity of coordinating action movements and the spatial, temporal, and motion force precision. For developing motor skills, the authors used the interval and circuit training. Results. All the participants attained higher levels of performance, both at the second and third examination, on each of the 5 tests. Data collected were analyzed using the One –Way ANOVA statistical procedure, which compares the results obtained by one single group of subjects. This procedure revealed, at a significant level of confidence, that the mean of the performance enhancement reached 50 percents along the one-year training stage. Conclusions. The research has shown that, by giving a more significant share of the best methods and means for developing the speed and skill in the physical training of junior footballers, the increase in the performance of these motor skills is significant.","PeriodicalId":267204,"journal":{"name":"Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132503451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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