Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137788
Md. Muzakkir Quamar, S. Elferik
This paper presents the implementation of a cooperative prey hunting strategy for a swarm of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) inspired by the collective behavior of fish and predators. The swarm of UAVs are modelled using diffusion and adaptation algorithms, which enable self-organization and create mobile adaptive networks. Nodes in the mobile adaptive networks interact with each other locally to solve issues of distributed processing and inference. The predator motion is modelled using a state transition model. The study provides insights into the dynamic network structures that arise during interactions between a swarm of fish and predators. The dynamic model of the swarm of fish and predators are modeled using the unicycle model on a coplanar surface. A Lyapunov-based Backstepping controller is designed to ensure that the UAVs track their trajectories accurately. From the simulation results, it can be observed that both the swarm UAVs and the predator successfully tracks the designed navigation path while foraging, evading, and attacking, mimicking the air combat scenario.
{"title":"Control and Coordination for Swarm of UAVs Under Multi-Predator Attack","authors":"Md. Muzakkir Quamar, S. Elferik","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137788","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the implementation of a cooperative prey hunting strategy for a swarm of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) inspired by the collective behavior of fish and predators. The swarm of UAVs are modelled using diffusion and adaptation algorithms, which enable self-organization and create mobile adaptive networks. Nodes in the mobile adaptive networks interact with each other locally to solve issues of distributed processing and inference. The predator motion is modelled using a state transition model. The study provides insights into the dynamic network structures that arise during interactions between a swarm of fish and predators. The dynamic model of the swarm of fish and predators are modeled using the unicycle model on a coplanar surface. A Lyapunov-based Backstepping controller is designed to ensure that the UAVs track their trajectories accurately. From the simulation results, it can be observed that both the swarm UAVs and the predator successfully tracks the designed navigation path while foraging, evading, and attacking, mimicking the air combat scenario.","PeriodicalId":267464,"journal":{"name":"2023 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129851586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137771
Pee Jay N. Gealone, Ramon Gian A. Bron, Rogelyn P. Samar, J. Barajas, Amelia A. Dorosan
In a state university, being mandated to provide education to as many students as possible, one of the main administrative challenges is the optimal and objective allocation of limited resources in hiring and assigning faculty to improve academic productivity. To aid administrators in this challenge, this work introduces a method in conducting analysis to determine faculty gap and the process of allocation of available faculty items for each program in the university. Factors considered in this analysis include the number of existing and projected students, curriculum, and other regulations that affect faculty workload, such as institutional, local, and national standards, that may have set the ideal faculty-student ratio and the amount of workload that each faculty can carry based on their respective specializations. This work presents a systematic process of analysis which is divided into the following parts: (i) analysis of existing curriculum; (ii) analysis of student population and future program demand; (iii) identifications of regulations that affect faculty workload; and (iv) analysis of existing faculty profile and faculty gap per program of the university. The study also introduces the concept of using a Faculty Complement Index (FCI) to rank the programs based on their level of faculty gap as an aid in achieving optimal faculty allocation. This work considers the situation of a state university in the Philippines with 152 academic programs, 630 faculty, and 28,403 students. The result of the analysis shows that a total of 293 faculty are needed, and the gaps are ranked using the FCI of each program or department.
{"title":"Faculty Complement Gap Analysis: A Case Study in a State University in the Philippines","authors":"Pee Jay N. Gealone, Ramon Gian A. Bron, Rogelyn P. Samar, J. Barajas, Amelia A. Dorosan","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137771","url":null,"abstract":"In a state university, being mandated to provide education to as many students as possible, one of the main administrative challenges is the optimal and objective allocation of limited resources in hiring and assigning faculty to improve academic productivity. To aid administrators in this challenge, this work introduces a method in conducting analysis to determine faculty gap and the process of allocation of available faculty items for each program in the university. Factors considered in this analysis include the number of existing and projected students, curriculum, and other regulations that affect faculty workload, such as institutional, local, and national standards, that may have set the ideal faculty-student ratio and the amount of workload that each faculty can carry based on their respective specializations. This work presents a systematic process of analysis which is divided into the following parts: (i) analysis of existing curriculum; (ii) analysis of student population and future program demand; (iii) identifications of regulations that affect faculty workload; and (iv) analysis of existing faculty profile and faculty gap per program of the university. The study also introduces the concept of using a Faculty Complement Index (FCI) to rank the programs based on their level of faculty gap as an aid in achieving optimal faculty allocation. This work considers the situation of a state university in the Philippines with 152 academic programs, 630 faculty, and 28,403 students. The result of the analysis shows that a total of 293 faculty are needed, and the gaps are ranked using the FCI of each program or department.","PeriodicalId":267464,"journal":{"name":"2023 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132794339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137900
Dominick DeCanio, Minah Kim, Samuel Haddox, G. Guadagni
The human body generates more proteins than it has genes that code for proteins. The diversity of proteins stems from the alternative ways in which RNA can be spliced and reassembled. Each alternative version of RNA produces a different protein, providing a way for our bodies to produce a wide range of proteins with a single gene. Some alternative RNA transcripts, however, have splicing errors and produce faulty proteins involved in genetic diseases. Understanding splicing patterns and profiles has wide implications for our understanding of healthy and diseased tissue states. Currently little is known regarding the splicing profiles of healthy tissue which vary across individuals and within individuals by tissue type. Therefore, this project explored the use of RNA splicing data from the first chromosome to predict the tissue type of non-cancerous samples using distribution analysis and supervised learning methods. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to classify the samples based on empirical cumulative distribution functions and was not able to reliably distinguish between tissue types. Our SVM model was run using both the quantity of splice junctions observed and their presence, and had a high prediction accuracy for both data sets. The performance between the two SVM model outcomes were not significantly different. Overall, the findings suggest the utility of using splice junction data in biological classification and sets the foundation for future work of mapping splicing patterns with phenotype.
{"title":"Tissue Classification Using RNA-Seq Transcriptomics with Distribution Analysis and SVM Models*","authors":"Dominick DeCanio, Minah Kim, Samuel Haddox, G. Guadagni","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137900","url":null,"abstract":"The human body generates more proteins than it has genes that code for proteins. The diversity of proteins stems from the alternative ways in which RNA can be spliced and reassembled. Each alternative version of RNA produces a different protein, providing a way for our bodies to produce a wide range of proteins with a single gene. Some alternative RNA transcripts, however, have splicing errors and produce faulty proteins involved in genetic diseases. Understanding splicing patterns and profiles has wide implications for our understanding of healthy and diseased tissue states. Currently little is known regarding the splicing profiles of healthy tissue which vary across individuals and within individuals by tissue type. Therefore, this project explored the use of RNA splicing data from the first chromosome to predict the tissue type of non-cancerous samples using distribution analysis and supervised learning methods. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to classify the samples based on empirical cumulative distribution functions and was not able to reliably distinguish between tissue types. Our SVM model was run using both the quantity of splice junctions observed and their presence, and had a high prediction accuracy for both data sets. The performance between the two SVM model outcomes were not significantly different. Overall, the findings suggest the utility of using splice junction data in biological classification and sets the foundation for future work of mapping splicing patterns with phenotype.","PeriodicalId":267464,"journal":{"name":"2023 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133065340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137887
Connor Hyldahl, Olivia Kaczmarskyj, Joseph Laruffa, Allison Miller, Lilleth Snavely, Angela Wan, S. L. Riggs
Only 56% of eligible pediatric cardiac donor hearts are ultimately being accepted even though there are long waitlists for transplants and high waitlist mortality. A major contributing factor to low acceptance rates is due to the highly variable decision-making process of cardiologists who must determine the suitability of a potential transplant in an extremely short period of time. The current system, DonorNet, does not present information ideal for decision making under these conditions which has resulted in suboptimal decisions and cardiologists not being confident in their decisions. The goal of this project aims to adopt a user-centered systems design approach to develop a new DonorNet dashboard to better support the decision-making process for pediatric cardiologists. The design of an improved DonorNet dashboard was based on: (1) a literature review to understand the factors that influence practitioners in their decision-making process and identifying post hoc factors that are predictors of transplant success and (2) interviews by the research team with eight pediatric heart transplant practitioners to understand how end-users make decisions with DonorNet and identify common pain points. Based on this, we designed a dashboard using Figma based on our research findings that addressed identified pain points such as difficulty finding relevant data. We measured success with user satisfaction surveys before and after the redesign that included questions regarding how easy it was to find information and confidence in their decision. The expected results of the project will include a semi-functional dashboard that incorporates real data from databases containing information on patient and donor heart characteristics. Success of the interface will be evaluated through surveys assessing user satisfaction, time to arrive at a decision, and self-rated stress levels.
{"title":"Designing a Dashboard to Streamline Pediatric Heart Transplant Decision Making","authors":"Connor Hyldahl, Olivia Kaczmarskyj, Joseph Laruffa, Allison Miller, Lilleth Snavely, Angela Wan, S. L. Riggs","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137887","url":null,"abstract":"Only 56% of eligible pediatric cardiac donor hearts are ultimately being accepted even though there are long waitlists for transplants and high waitlist mortality. A major contributing factor to low acceptance rates is due to the highly variable decision-making process of cardiologists who must determine the suitability of a potential transplant in an extremely short period of time. The current system, DonorNet, does not present information ideal for decision making under these conditions which has resulted in suboptimal decisions and cardiologists not being confident in their decisions. The goal of this project aims to adopt a user-centered systems design approach to develop a new DonorNet dashboard to better support the decision-making process for pediatric cardiologists. The design of an improved DonorNet dashboard was based on: (1) a literature review to understand the factors that influence practitioners in their decision-making process and identifying post hoc factors that are predictors of transplant success and (2) interviews by the research team with eight pediatric heart transplant practitioners to understand how end-users make decisions with DonorNet and identify common pain points. Based on this, we designed a dashboard using Figma based on our research findings that addressed identified pain points such as difficulty finding relevant data. We measured success with user satisfaction surveys before and after the redesign that included questions regarding how easy it was to find information and confidence in their decision. The expected results of the project will include a semi-functional dashboard that incorporates real data from databases containing information on patient and donor heart characteristics. Success of the interface will be evaluated through surveys assessing user satisfaction, time to arrive at a decision, and self-rated stress levels.","PeriodicalId":267464,"journal":{"name":"2023 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123819110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137830
Jared Rathbum, A. Sharky, Prathamesh Urunkar, Ashraf Saleem, P. Hazaveh
This paper presents a design of a climbing assistive exoskeleton (CAE) that reduces stress and strain on the fingers of a climber. Climbers routinely must support their entire body weight with their fingers. While human hands can accommodate climbing, experienced climbers are continuously testing the limits of their bodies, and hand injuries are both a frequent and severe occurrence. This device will help injured mountain climbers to continue training with reduced impact to their hand, and in turn increase climbing endurance and duration. Inexperienced climbers can also benefit from the device as they suffer from a lack of finger and hand muscle mass. This device will aid them in training safely and learn proper grips while developing their strength to be successful. The CAE is a glovelike device which can be slid on over the user's hand while climbing. The exoskeleton will have resistance bands going from the fingertips to the base of the hand, causing the hand to curl. This will create a constant passive force which will reduce the force normally directed through the pulleys and tendons while climbing. In the case of hand opening, the CAE has a motor that should assist the climber to overcome the passive force created by the bands. The glove is controlled through a microcontroller in real-time via feedback from electromyography sensors attached to the forearm of the climber. Our objective is to achieve a 20-40N reduction in force through the fingers while climbing per hand.
{"title":"Developing a Climbing Assistive Exoskeleton*","authors":"Jared Rathbum, A. Sharky, Prathamesh Urunkar, Ashraf Saleem, P. Hazaveh","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137830","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a design of a climbing assistive exoskeleton (CAE) that reduces stress and strain on the fingers of a climber. Climbers routinely must support their entire body weight with their fingers. While human hands can accommodate climbing, experienced climbers are continuously testing the limits of their bodies, and hand injuries are both a frequent and severe occurrence. This device will help injured mountain climbers to continue training with reduced impact to their hand, and in turn increase climbing endurance and duration. Inexperienced climbers can also benefit from the device as they suffer from a lack of finger and hand muscle mass. This device will aid them in training safely and learn proper grips while developing their strength to be successful. The CAE is a glovelike device which can be slid on over the user's hand while climbing. The exoskeleton will have resistance bands going from the fingertips to the base of the hand, causing the hand to curl. This will create a constant passive force which will reduce the force normally directed through the pulleys and tendons while climbing. In the case of hand opening, the CAE has a motor that should assist the climber to overcome the passive force created by the bands. The glove is controlled through a microcontroller in real-time via feedback from electromyography sensors attached to the forearm of the climber. Our objective is to achieve a 20-40N reduction in force through the fingers while climbing per hand.","PeriodicalId":267464,"journal":{"name":"2023 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121553682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137865
E. C. McConville, A. I. Oancea, E. M. Enright, T. Brown, J. Henriques
Managing environmental conservation sites on the island of Malta is challenging due in part to pressures from urbanization and disruptions from changing land use patterns. Understanding the spatial and temporal context of these challenges through data visualization techniques is an important tool for conserving these ecosystems. This paper describes a set of approaches using aerial imagery collected by drones in support of ecosystem management for specific sites managed by a non-profit, non-governmental environmental organization working in the Maltese islands. Drone images were first taken using automated flight patterns to create high-resolution orthomosaic images. Data collected through fieldwork was combined with the orthomosaics for spatial analysis using GIS tools. The primary focus of the GIS analysis was to use the orthomosaics for the identification of invasive and endangered species and to monitor coastal erosion. These methods help enable efficient, periodic data updates and mapping by the site managers. Additional benefits of the approach described in the paper include helping site managers gain insights into ecosystem fragments from urban expansion and establishing a baseline to analyze future change. The maps created can help improve public awareness of each site and more broadly promote environmental awareness of different conservation sites throughout the islands.
{"title":"Methods for the Spatial Analysis of Invasive Species and Ecosystem Fragmentation at Conservation Sites in Malta Using Drones *","authors":"E. C. McConville, A. I. Oancea, E. M. Enright, T. Brown, J. Henriques","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137865","url":null,"abstract":"Managing environmental conservation sites on the island of Malta is challenging due in part to pressures from urbanization and disruptions from changing land use patterns. Understanding the spatial and temporal context of these challenges through data visualization techniques is an important tool for conserving these ecosystems. This paper describes a set of approaches using aerial imagery collected by drones in support of ecosystem management for specific sites managed by a non-profit, non-governmental environmental organization working in the Maltese islands. Drone images were first taken using automated flight patterns to create high-resolution orthomosaic images. Data collected through fieldwork was combined with the orthomosaics for spatial analysis using GIS tools. The primary focus of the GIS analysis was to use the orthomosaics for the identification of invasive and endangered species and to monitor coastal erosion. These methods help enable efficient, periodic data updates and mapping by the site managers. Additional benefits of the approach described in the paper include helping site managers gain insights into ecosystem fragments from urban expansion and establishing a baseline to analyze future change. The maps created can help improve public awareness of each site and more broadly promote environmental awareness of different conservation sites throughout the islands.","PeriodicalId":267464,"journal":{"name":"2023 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)","volume":"249 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115073932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137791
Qinyuan Jiang, Lucas Zak, Shirley Leshem, Pulkit Rampa, Sophie Howle, Haley N. Green, Tariq Iqbal
Financial literacy is a critical field that prepares individuals to manage their money effectively and to become economically self-suffcient by making informed financial decisions. As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes more widespread across a variety of disciplines, including K-12 education, and more financial institutions move towards digitizing their services, the demand for AI systems in financial literacy education is growing. While many financial and educational institutions alike have implemented AI systems, there remains a need for a system geared toward teaching young students these important lessons and skills. To address this demand, we have created an AI system equipped with financial literacy lessons for grade school students. The system, which is embedded into a NAO robot, a humanoid robot designed for use within education, was evaluated on its performance in the classroom across multiple metrics, including its effcacy, its robustness and feasibility in the classroom, and the students’ enjoyment in using it. The results from the experiments suggest that the system did result in the retention of material, but did not do so at a significantly different level than the more traditional teaching method of a guided worksheet. However, the students did report higher levels of enjoyment in using the robot when compared to a worksheet. These results show promise for future uses of the system, as well as shed light on areas in which the system can be improved in the future.
{"title":"Embodied AI for Financial Literacy Social Robots","authors":"Qinyuan Jiang, Lucas Zak, Shirley Leshem, Pulkit Rampa, Sophie Howle, Haley N. Green, Tariq Iqbal","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137791","url":null,"abstract":"Financial literacy is a critical field that prepares individuals to manage their money effectively and to become economically self-suffcient by making informed financial decisions. As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes more widespread across a variety of disciplines, including K-12 education, and more financial institutions move towards digitizing their services, the demand for AI systems in financial literacy education is growing. While many financial and educational institutions alike have implemented AI systems, there remains a need for a system geared toward teaching young students these important lessons and skills. To address this demand, we have created an AI system equipped with financial literacy lessons for grade school students. The system, which is embedded into a NAO robot, a humanoid robot designed for use within education, was evaluated on its performance in the classroom across multiple metrics, including its effcacy, its robustness and feasibility in the classroom, and the students’ enjoyment in using it. The results from the experiments suggest that the system did result in the retention of material, but did not do so at a significantly different level than the more traditional teaching method of a guided worksheet. However, the students did report higher levels of enjoyment in using the robot when compared to a worksheet. These results show promise for future uses of the system, as well as shed light on areas in which the system can be improved in the future.","PeriodicalId":267464,"journal":{"name":"2023 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122708044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137918
Parisa Jahani Alamdari, Mohammad Mahdi Ahmadi
Control charts are one of the significant statistical control tools widely used to monitor processes. The system’s reliability is affected by failure processes during its lifetime. Monitoring the failure processes is a crucial issue in complex and repairable systems. To design accurate control charts for monitoring a reliability system, it is necessary to estimate the system parameters properly. Since the presence of outliers in sample data can highly affect the parameter estimation using a classic estimator, a robust estimator can estimate the parameters efficiently and close to the actual value in the presence of contamination. In this research, robust monitoring for reliability systems is designed. To estimate the distribution parameters, the robust method based on the M-estimator is used to estimate the time between failure distribution parameters from the Weibull distribution. Using simulation studies, the efficiency of the classic and robust estimators is compared based on the norm and MSE under different contamination scenarios. Then, the robust lower control limit is designed based on the simulated control limit and mathematical formulation methods. The results show that the robust control limits are close to the actual values in the absence or presence of outliers. However, the classic control limits are highly affected by the contamination and their values are far from the actual when there are shifts in the parameter.
{"title":"A Robust Control Chart for Monitoring Reliability Systems","authors":"Parisa Jahani Alamdari, Mohammad Mahdi Ahmadi","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137918","url":null,"abstract":"Control charts are one of the significant statistical control tools widely used to monitor processes. The system’s reliability is affected by failure processes during its lifetime. Monitoring the failure processes is a crucial issue in complex and repairable systems. To design accurate control charts for monitoring a reliability system, it is necessary to estimate the system parameters properly. Since the presence of outliers in sample data can highly affect the parameter estimation using a classic estimator, a robust estimator can estimate the parameters efficiently and close to the actual value in the presence of contamination. In this research, robust monitoring for reliability systems is designed. To estimate the distribution parameters, the robust method based on the M-estimator is used to estimate the time between failure distribution parameters from the Weibull distribution. Using simulation studies, the efficiency of the classic and robust estimators is compared based on the norm and MSE under different contamination scenarios. Then, the robust lower control limit is designed based on the simulated control limit and mathematical formulation methods. The results show that the robust control limits are close to the actual values in the absence or presence of outliers. However, the classic control limits are highly affected by the contamination and their values are far from the actual when there are shifts in the parameter.","PeriodicalId":267464,"journal":{"name":"2023 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122994091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137819
Ryan M. Arul, McKaila K. Danajka, Emily C. Gray, Kendall P. Henretta, O. Pierrakos
The most replaced valve in the congenital heart defects population is the pulmonary valve. Current treatments require multiple invasive, open-heart surgeries to replace the pulmonary valve as the patient grows. Minimally-invasive procedures, such as transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement, circumvent open heart surgery, which benefits patients and physicians. ePTFE valves have gained prominence recently because they allow cardiothoracic pediatric surgeons to tailor the valve size to the patient. Clinical studies point to the high patency of ePTFE valves. Currently, there are no FDA-approved transcatheter valves made with ePTFE. The purpose of this paper is to offer a preliminary design feasibility investigation of developing a transcatheter ePTFE pulmonary valve. We used an existing FDA-approved Medtronic Ensemble II delivery system to test and evaluate the feasibility of fitting an ePTFE pediatric valve to this existing deployment system. The prototyping and testing goals were: (1) to evaluate stent expansion, (2) to explore anchoring mechanisms, (3) to collapse the stent with the ePTFE conduit down to a size that would fit into a catheter, and (4) to expand and deploy the ePTFE stent-conduit pulmonary valve. Testing revealed that ePTFE conduits with wall thicknesses of 1 mm and 0.5 mm did not collapse to a small enough diameter to fit in the sheath of the Medtronic Ensemble II delivery system. However, expansion of anchored stents showed that valves upheld circular cross-sections when deployed. For the valve to be widely distributed, the product must follow FDA and ISO 5840 standards to ensure appropriate performance. There remains considerable future work to deliver a well-functioning ePTFE transcatheter pulmonary heart valve solution for pediatric patients.
{"title":"A Design Feasibility Investigation for a Pulmonary ePTFE Transcatheter Pediatric Heart Valve","authors":"Ryan M. Arul, McKaila K. Danajka, Emily C. Gray, Kendall P. Henretta, O. Pierrakos","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137819","url":null,"abstract":"The most replaced valve in the congenital heart defects population is the pulmonary valve. Current treatments require multiple invasive, open-heart surgeries to replace the pulmonary valve as the patient grows. Minimally-invasive procedures, such as transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement, circumvent open heart surgery, which benefits patients and physicians. ePTFE valves have gained prominence recently because they allow cardiothoracic pediatric surgeons to tailor the valve size to the patient. Clinical studies point to the high patency of ePTFE valves. Currently, there are no FDA-approved transcatheter valves made with ePTFE. The purpose of this paper is to offer a preliminary design feasibility investigation of developing a transcatheter ePTFE pulmonary valve. We used an existing FDA-approved Medtronic Ensemble II delivery system to test and evaluate the feasibility of fitting an ePTFE pediatric valve to this existing deployment system. The prototyping and testing goals were: (1) to evaluate stent expansion, (2) to explore anchoring mechanisms, (3) to collapse the stent with the ePTFE conduit down to a size that would fit into a catheter, and (4) to expand and deploy the ePTFE stent-conduit pulmonary valve. Testing revealed that ePTFE conduits with wall thicknesses of 1 mm and 0.5 mm did not collapse to a small enough diameter to fit in the sheath of the Medtronic Ensemble II delivery system. However, expansion of anchored stents showed that valves upheld circular cross-sections when deployed. For the valve to be widely distributed, the product must follow FDA and ISO 5840 standards to ensure appropriate performance. There remains considerable future work to deliver a well-functioning ePTFE transcatheter pulmonary heart valve solution for pediatric patients.","PeriodicalId":267464,"journal":{"name":"2023 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)","volume":"113 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117312759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137789
Bruce Vagt, Matthew Foster, Richard L. Blackmon
Early cancer detection remains an important problem in healthcare today. Since the mid-1990s, Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) has been explored as a cancer detection instrument. Previous studies have shown connections between tissue porosity, cell behavior, cell topology, and their relation to cancer and disease progression. Previous researchers have found that in a healthy cell, the pore size of the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) is homogenous. However, in a cancerous cell, heterogeneous pores appear. Additionally, as cancer progresses, pore size decreases. Herein, we propose a new method of improving cancer detection using OCT. In a study utilizing an artificial ECM, a connection between pore size and gold nanorod (GNR) diffusion was established such that smaller pores lead to less diffusion, and vice versa. Cell behavior is measured by cell motility, which refers to the rapid, in-place motions of intracellular parts that can be used to assess cell response to therapy, their surrounding environment, and potentially reveal premalignant behavior. Previous investigators have defined two metrics of cell movement, alpha, and motility, which correspond to signal auto-decorrelation and signal amplitude, respectively. Cell topology refers to the 3D structure and shape of cells and cell clusters, which has been shown to mutate in diseases such as cancer. By quantifying cell topology, cellular health can be examined. Techniques using OCT have also been used to monitor the response of diseased tissue to treatment. These studies have been largely independent of each other, and the need for a more holistic measuring system has been called for. This research aims to create a custom OCT system capable of obtaining these metrics simultaneously and with improved imaging depth and comparable resolution. Through an integration of a near-infrared (NIR) laser, interferometer, and LabVIEW control of the system, a new Deep-Imaging, Multi-Parameter OCT (DIMP-OCT) is being created. The system bodes a 4.6µm resolution and 5.4mm imaging depth. This is made possible by a 50-50 fiber optic beam splitter using a 1300nm wavelength laser with 160nm bandwidth, and 2048-pixel spectrometer with a 140kHz linerate. Here, we report the design of the system being built, the techniques used to build and test the hardware, and the approach to developing the graphical user interface. We also will report results from tests to assess DIMP-OCT subsystems.
{"title":"Designing and Building a Deep Imaging Multi-Parametric Optical Coherence Tomography System for Disease Assessment","authors":"Bruce Vagt, Matthew Foster, Richard L. Blackmon","doi":"10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SIEDS58326.2023.10137789","url":null,"abstract":"Early cancer detection remains an important problem in healthcare today. Since the mid-1990s, Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) has been explored as a cancer detection instrument. Previous studies have shown connections between tissue porosity, cell behavior, cell topology, and their relation to cancer and disease progression. Previous researchers have found that in a healthy cell, the pore size of the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) is homogenous. However, in a cancerous cell, heterogeneous pores appear. Additionally, as cancer progresses, pore size decreases. Herein, we propose a new method of improving cancer detection using OCT. In a study utilizing an artificial ECM, a connection between pore size and gold nanorod (GNR) diffusion was established such that smaller pores lead to less diffusion, and vice versa. Cell behavior is measured by cell motility, which refers to the rapid, in-place motions of intracellular parts that can be used to assess cell response to therapy, their surrounding environment, and potentially reveal premalignant behavior. Previous investigators have defined two metrics of cell movement, alpha, and motility, which correspond to signal auto-decorrelation and signal amplitude, respectively. Cell topology refers to the 3D structure and shape of cells and cell clusters, which has been shown to mutate in diseases such as cancer. By quantifying cell topology, cellular health can be examined. Techniques using OCT have also been used to monitor the response of diseased tissue to treatment. These studies have been largely independent of each other, and the need for a more holistic measuring system has been called for. This research aims to create a custom OCT system capable of obtaining these metrics simultaneously and with improved imaging depth and comparable resolution. Through an integration of a near-infrared (NIR) laser, interferometer, and LabVIEW control of the system, a new Deep-Imaging, Multi-Parameter OCT (DIMP-OCT) is being created. The system bodes a 4.6µm resolution and 5.4mm imaging depth. This is made possible by a 50-50 fiber optic beam splitter using a 1300nm wavelength laser with 160nm bandwidth, and 2048-pixel spectrometer with a 140kHz linerate. Here, we report the design of the system being built, the techniques used to build and test the hardware, and the approach to developing the graphical user interface. We also will report results from tests to assess DIMP-OCT subsystems.","PeriodicalId":267464,"journal":{"name":"2023 Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131726747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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