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Gettysburg: The Last Invasion by Allen C. Guelzo (review) 葛底斯堡:最后的入侵艾伦·c·圭尔佐(书评)

Gettysburg Magazine

Pub Date : 2015-07-10 DOI: 10.1353/GET.2015.0015

Ashley Whitehead Luskey

引用次数: 0

Where Honor Lies: An Incident at Taneytown 荣誉在哪里:托尼镇事件

Gettysburg Magazine

Pub Date : 2015-07-10 DOI: 10.1353/GET.2015.0020

Terence G. Crooks

An Incident at Taneytown We had just arrived in Camp since our Div was crowded closely together sinks had not been dug then and Mr. Porter having severe diarrhea was called to ease himself. He went as he supposed to a secluded spot across from the road and far to the rear of the Barn, no tents or any thing apparently to be nuisanced when immediately this Haskell came rushing across the fi eld with cocked pistol in hand and demanded that he should “double quick” off the fi eld. Mr. Porter once rose and commenced buttoning up to comply when Haskell demanded he should go “double quick” again saying “go Goddamn you or I will shoot you.” Mr. Porter then started but not moving fast enough for Lt. Haskell, he ran up and kicked him severely. Mr. Porter then turned round and said to him that he would not take that abuse but go out of the fi eld like a gentleman. Scarcely had he commenced speaking when Lt. Haskell fi red on him depositing a pistol bullet in his right shoulder wounding him severely.2

塔尼镇的一件事我们刚到营地，因为我们班的人挤得很紧，当时没有挖水槽，波特先生得了严重的腹泻，有人叫他来方便一下。他如其所料，走到马路对面一个僻静的地方，一直走到谷仓后面很远的地方，那里显然没有帐篷或任何东西被打扰，这时这个哈斯克尔手里拿着上膛的手枪，冲过战场，要求他“赶快”离开战场。波特先生有一次站起来，开始扣上扣子，哈斯克尔再次要求他“加倍快”，他说:“去你妈的，不然我就开枪了。”波特先生跳了起来，但动作不够快，他跑过去狠狠地踢了他一脚。波特先生随后转过身来对他说，他不愿受这种辱骂，要像个绅士一样走出战场。他刚开口说话，哈斯克尔中尉就向他开了枪，一颗手枪子弹射入他的右肩，使他严重受伤

引用次数: 0

Of Myths and Men: Rethinking the Legend of Little Round Top 神话与人类:重新思考小圆顶的传说

Gettysburg Magazine

Pub Date : 2015-07-10 DOI: 10.1353/GET.2015.0014

G. A. George, Daniel R. George, Anthony Kellon

引用次数: 0

So You Think You Know Gettysburg? Volume 2 by James Gindlesperger and Suzanne Gindlesperger (review) 你认为你了解葛底斯堡?第二卷作者:詹姆斯·金德斯伯格和苏珊娜·金德斯伯格(书评)

Gettysburg Magazine

Pub Date : 2015-07-10 DOI: 10.1353/get.2015.0021

James S. Pula

引用次数: 0

Will the Real Col. Francis Heath Please Stand Up 请真正的弗朗西斯·希思上校站起来好吗

Gettysburg Magazine

Pub Date : 2015-07-10 DOI: 10.1353/GET.2015.0013

James S. Pula

e photo in question came from the Library of Congress online digital fi les, where it was identifi ed as Colonel Heath (see http://www.loc.gov/pictures/ resource/cwpb.04431/). Based on Mr. Kaar’s information, the editor consulted the mollus photographic archives held at the U.S. Army Heritage and Education Center at Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania. Th eir collection of images includes both offi cers and supports Mr. Kaar’s identifi cation. Th e Library of Congress identifi cation was incorrect. Photos of the two individuals are included here— this time with the correct identifi cations.

有问题的照片来自国会图书馆的在线数字文件，在那里它被确定为希思上校(见http://www.loc.gov/pictures/ resource/cwpb.04431/)。根据卡尔的信息，这位编辑查阅了保存在宾夕法尼亚州卡莱尔兵营(Carlisle Barracks)美国陆军遗产与教育中心(U.S. Army Heritage and Education Center)的软体动物照片档案。他们收集的照片包括两名警官，并支持卡尔的身份。国会图书馆的鉴定是错误的。这两个人的照片包括在这里-这一次与正确的身份。

引用次数: 0

We Found the People Much Frightened: Brig. Gen. George H. “Maryland” Steuart’s Expedition to McConnellsburg 我们发现人们非常害怕:乔治·h·“马里兰”·斯图尔特准将远征麦康奈尔斯堡

Gettysburg Magazine

Pub Date : 2015-07-10 DOI: 10.1353/GET.2015.0022

Robert J. Wynstra

Gettysburg Magazine, no. 53 northwestern Virginia. He suff ered a severe wound to his ankle a few months later while serving with Jackson during the Valley Campaign. Th e injury kept Johnson out of action until just aft er Chancellorsville, when Lee selected him to head Jackson’s former division. His new command included four brigades, led by Brig. Gens. George H. “Maryland” Steuart, John M. Jones, James A. Walker, and Col. Jesse M. Williams.2 Th e 1863 summer off ensive commenced during the fi rst week in June. Aft er slipping away from the Fredericksburg area, Ewell’s troops spearheaded a bold thrust that swept the enemy out of Virginia’s lush Shenandoah Valley. Under Ewell’s direct command, the soldiers from Johnson’s and Early’s divisions gained a stunning victory over Maj. Gen. Robert Milroy’s forces around Winchester and Stephenson’s Depot on June 13 and 14. Th e division headed by Rodes enjoyed similar success driving the Federal troops out of nearby Berryville and Martinsburg. On June 15 Rodes’s men became the fi rst infantry from General Lee’s invading army to splash over the Potomac River into Maryland. Aft er resting at Williamsport for four days, Rodes moved his troops a few miles north to Hagerstown Th roughout that time, Ewell focused on the planning for the future course of the campaign. On June 19 he traveled to Leetown, Virginia, for a conference with Lt. Gen. James Longstreet, whose First Corps had moved into place along the major gaps through the Blue Ridge Mountains. By then, the men from Lt. Gen. Ambrose Powell Hill’s newly created Th ird

葛底斯堡杂志，不。弗吉尼亚西北部53号。几个月后，在与杰克逊一起参加山谷战役时，他的脚踝受了重伤。受伤使约翰逊一直缺席，直到钱瑟勒斯维尔战役结束后，李任命他领导杰克逊以前的部门。他的新命令包括四个旅，由准将率领。乔治·h·“马里兰”·斯图尔特、约翰·m·琼斯、詹姆斯·a·沃克和杰西·m·威廉姆斯上校。1863年夏季攻势在6月的第一个星期开始。在从弗雷德里克斯堡地区溜走后，尤厄尔的部队发起了一次大胆的进攻，将敌人赶出了弗吉尼亚州郁郁葱葱的谢南多厄山谷。在尤厄尔的直接指挥下，约翰逊和厄尔利师的士兵于6月13日和14日在温彻斯特和斯蒂芬森仓库附近击败了罗伯特·米尔罗伊少将的部队，取得了惊人的胜利。罗德率领的师团同样成功地将联邦军队赶出了附近的贝里维尔和马丁斯堡。6月15日，罗德的部队成为李将军侵略军中第一批涉水越过波托马克河进入马里兰州的步兵。在威廉斯波特休息了四天后，罗德斯将他的部队向北移动了几英里，到达了黑格斯敦。在这段时间里，尤厄尔集中精力规划未来的战役路线。6月19日，他前往弗吉尼亚州的利敦，与詹姆斯·朗斯特里特中将(Lt. Gen. James Longstreet)举行会议，他的第一军团已经沿着蓝岭山脉的主要裂口进驻。到那时，安布罗斯·鲍威尔·希尔中将新组建的第三军

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引用次数: 0

On a Great Battlefield: The Making, Management, and Memory of Gettysburg National Military Park, 1933–2013 by Jennifer M. Murray (review) 《在伟大的战场上:葛底斯堡国家军事公园的建造、管理和记忆，1933-2013》作者:詹妮弗·m·默里

Gettysburg Magazine

Pub Date : 2015-07-10 DOI: 10.1353/GET.2015.0019

Wes Jones

引用次数: 1

If You Want to Go: What John Burns Did … and What He Didn’t Do! 如果你想去:约翰·伯恩斯做了什么和没做什么!

Gettysburg Magazine

Pub Date : 2015-07-10 DOI: 10.1353/get.2015.0011

Sonny Fulks

If You Want to Go ous Clark Griswold telling his kids this? A scene right out of the nineteenthcentury version of National Lampoon: Gettysburg! “He walked into the Union battle line on the fi rst day and told the troops of the First Corps, ‘Let me show you boys how to fi ght.’” Please! But I swear to you that I witnessed a group once in front of the Burns statue on McPherson’s Ridge buying that tall tale, hook, line, and sinker. Actually, this account was probably closer to fact than most of the rest. Good stuff , the stories— all of it. In musical terms, they’d call a lot of John Burns lore “variations on a theme.” But this is not the famous cornetist Herbert L. Clarke playing Carnival of Venice. And while it’s no yarn that John Burns was a colorful character and a wellknown member of the Gettysburg community, to appreciate what he did, you need to know more than the spectacular legend that I heard about when I visited Gettysburg for the fi rst time fi ft y years ago. From somewhere such as a Steinwehr Avenue shop or the old visitor’s center at that time, I came in possession of a book on the battle that did a pretty good job of glorifying the old man’s deeds. And of course, there’s nothing more vivid than the imagination of a twelveyearold trying to absorb as much of the battle as possible in one visit, for four hours. Th ankfully, there are eyewitness accounts of the period that serve to verify that his personality and earnestness of purpose were a perfect complement to the photographs that created the image of John Burns, so much a part of Gettysburg legend. And I have been blessed to know some of the great authorities on tales of Gettysburg in my last thirty years of interest and study: Gettysburg MagLike other good stories, the legend of what Gettysburg’s patriotic citizen did on July 1 has grown bigger with time . . . perhaps bigger than the facts. Here’s to help set the record straight! In my fi ft y years of visiting the Gettysburg battlefi eld, one of the most compelling stories throughout has been that of the town’s citizensoldier on the fi rst day’s battle, the venerable John Burns. In fact, the story of how the old man and the town’s former constable picked up his ageless musket and walked out to fi ght with the Union’s First Corps on July 1 of the battle is the oldest story, and most the poignant, in my memory. It’s what I remember from my fi rst visit to the fi eld in 1964. It’s my favorite story that I’ve shared in countless phototour lectures over the years. And it’s the one story that I’ve personally gone about most to corroborate over the years, to separate the facts from the fi ction. Fiction? Well, it is colorful. I’ve overheard some whoppers on the fi eld from public school history teachers, reaching to hold the interest of their minions during those springtrip oneanddone stops on the battlefi eld. “John Burns was an old man who lived in Gettysburg who enlisted with the Union army on the spot and killed fi ft y rebels on the

如果你想去克拉克·格里斯沃尔德告诉他的孩子们这些?19世纪版本的《国家讽刺漫画》中的一个场景:葛底斯堡!“他在第一天走进联邦战线，对第一军团的部队说，‘让我给你们示范怎么打仗。“拜托!但我向你发誓，我曾经亲眼目睹一群人在麦克弗森岭的伯恩斯雕像前买下了那个谎言。实际上，这个说法可能比其他大多数说法更接近事实。好东西，好故事，都是。用音乐术语来说，他们会把约翰·彭斯的很多作品称为“主题变奏曲”。但这不是著名的小号手赫伯特·l·克拉克演奏的《威尼斯狂欢节》。约翰·伯恩斯是一个丰富多彩的人物也是葛底斯堡社区的知名成员，这不是无稽的，要欣赏他所做的一切，你需要知道的不仅仅是五十年前我第一次访问葛底斯堡时听到的壮观的传说。从施泰因韦尔大街的商店或当时的老游客中心之类的地方，我得到了一本关于这场战斗的书，这本书很好地赞美了这位老人的事迹。当然，没有什么比一个十二岁的孩子在四个小时的参观中尽可能多地了解这场战争更生动的了。值得庆幸的是，有目击者对那段时期的描述，证实了他的个性和认真的目的是一个完美的补充，这些照片创造了约翰·伯恩斯的形象，这是葛底斯堡传奇的一部分。在我过去三十年的兴趣和研究中，我有幸认识了葛底斯堡故事的一些伟大权威:葛底斯堡magg像其他好故事一样，葛底斯堡爱国公民在7月1日所做的传奇随着时间的推移而变得越来越大…也许比事实更重要。下面是澄清事实的方法!在我访问葛底斯堡战场的五十年中，最引人注目的故事之一就是第一天战斗中镇上的公民士兵，可敬的约翰·伯恩斯。事实上，在我的记忆中，这位老人和镇上的前警官如何在7月1日的战役中拿起他的不老火枪，与联邦第一军团并肩作战的故事是最古老的故事，也是最令人心酸的故事。这是我在1964年第一次去实地考察时所记得的。这是我最喜欢的故事，多年来我在无数次摄影之旅讲座中分享过。这是我多年来亲自去证实的一个故事，把事实和虚构分开。小说吗?嗯，它是彩色的。我在战场上从公立学校的历史老师那里听到了一些谎言，这些谎言是为了在战场上的春季旅行中吸引他们的学生的兴趣。“约翰·伯恩斯是一个住在葛底斯堡的老人，他当场加入了联邦军，在战斗的第一天就杀死了50名叛军，”我曾经听说。从夸张的角度来看，这个叙述中唯一缺少的是他使用了加特林机枪。“在第一天的下午，他站在南方联盟的进攻面前，在罗伯特·e·李的面前挥舞着拳头，”我听说过。哦,不。也许不是，但是你不能想象一些过分狂热的人，如果你想去约翰·伯恩斯做过的…以及他没有做的事!

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引用次数: 0

Deconstructing the History of the Battle of McPherson’s Ridge: Myths and Legends of the Twenty-Sixth North Carolina on the First Day’s Fight at Gettysburg 解构麦克弗森岭战役的历史:葛底斯堡第一天战斗中北卡第二十六团的神话和传说

Gettysburg Magazine

Pub Date : 2015-07-10 DOI: 10.1353/GET.2015.0016

Judkin Browning

Gettysburg Magazine, no. 53 aim and shot Lane in the back of the head from just a few yards away. Lane was the last of thirteen color bearers to be shot that day. Of the 800 men who attacked, only 216 emerged unscathed; Company F suff ered 100 percent casualties in the charge. Several decades aft er the battle, Lane met the man who shot him and embraced McConnell in a stirring moment at the 1903 Gettysburg battlefi eld reunion. Described this way, the battle between the TwentySixth North Carolina and the TwentyFourth Michigan makes for a very dramatic and poignant story. Th e TwentySixth North Carolina— which went on to suff er more losses during the PickettPettigrew charge on July 3 at Gettysburg and in the retreat across the Potomac on July 14— became very proud and protective of its distinction as the regiment that suff ered the greatest loss in any battle during the war. Regimental members claimed upward of 88.5 percent casualties— enduring evidence of extraordinary bravery and sacrifi ce. However, some of the iconic elements of the battle have become so enshrined in legend— largely through continual retelling— that it is diffi cult to know what is actually true about the fi ght. Several key sources used to tell the story have serious problems of authenticity or accuracy yet have largely been accepted as gospel, testament to the fact that historians can show faith in a source if we want to believe the story it tells. Historians have struggled to reconcile some of the disparate accounts of the battle, but the basic story and specifi c details recounted above emerge In the early aft ernoon of July 1, 1863, the TwentySixth North Carolina Regiment, under the leadership of twentyoneyearold Col. Henry King Burgwyn Jr., launched itself into Civil War immortality with its charge into Herbst’s Woods on McPherson’s Ridge against the Iron Brigade, specifically the TwentyFourth Michigan Regiment. With few variations, historians tell the celebrated story of this charge thusly: Th e TwentySixth North Carolina began their attack with 800 men sometime around 3:00 p.m. Th ey crossed three hundred yards of wheat fi elds, pushed into the thick brambles at the edge of Willoughby’s Run, splashed through that shallow creek, and entered the thin woods on the slope of McPherson’s Ridge. Th ey closed to within just a few paces of the TwentyFourth Michigan, suff ering and infl icting enormous casualties along the way. At the height of the charge, Capt. W. W. McCreery of brigade commander J. Johnston Pettigrew’s staff raced up to Burgwyn and relayed a message from Pettigrew: “Tell him his regiment has covered itself with glory today.” Soon aft er uttering these words, McCreery impulsively picked up the fallen regimental battle fl ag and held it aloft for a moment before being killed by a shot to the chest. A few moments later Burgwyn picked up the banner and was mortally wounded as he handed it to another soldier. Lt. Col. John R. Lane then hoisted the fl ag and led th

葛底斯堡杂志，不。53号枪瞄准，在几码外射中了莱恩的后脑勺。莱恩是当天被枪杀的13名有色人种中的最后一名。在800名攻击者中，只有216人毫发无损;F连在这次进攻中百分之百伤亡。战斗结束几十年后，莱恩在1903年葛底斯堡战场重聚的激动时刻见到了枪杀他的人，并拥抱了麦康奈尔。这样描述的话，北卡罗来纳第二十六步兵师和密歇根第二十四步兵师之间的战斗是一个非常戏剧性和令人心酸的故事。北卡罗莱纳第二十六团——在7月3日葛底斯堡的皮克特-佩蒂格鲁冲锋和7月14日在波托马克河上的撤退中继续遭受更多损失——变得非常自豪，并保护自己作为在战争中任何战役中损失最大的团的荣誉。团成员声称高达88.5%的伤亡率——这是非凡的勇敢和牺牲的持久证据。然而，这场战斗的一些标志性元素已经成为传奇——主要是通过不断的复述——以至于很难知道这场战斗的真实情况。一些用来讲述这个故事的关键资料在真实性和准确性方面存在严重的问题，但它们在很大程度上被视为福音，这证明了这样一个事实:如果我们愿意相信它所讲述的故事，历史学家可以对一个资料来源表示信任。历史学家们一直在努力调和关于这场战役的一些不同的叙述，但上面叙述的基本故事和具体细节是一致的。1863年7月1日下午早些时候，在21岁的小亨利·金·伯格温上校的领导下，北卡罗莱纳第二十六团进入麦克弗森山脊的赫布斯特森林，与铁旅，特别是密歇根第二十四团作战，开始了内战的不朽。历史学家对这次进攻的著名故事几乎没有什么变化，他们是这样讲述的:北卡罗来纳第二十六步兵团在下午3点左右率领800人开始了进攻。他们穿过了三百码的麦田，冲进了威洛比村边上茂密的荆棘丛中，溅起水花穿过了那条浅浅的小溪，进入了麦克弗森岭山坡上的树林。他们逼近到离密歇根第二十四步兵师只有几步之遥的地方，一路上伤亡惨重。在冲锋最激烈的时候，旅长约翰斯顿·佩蒂格鲁手下的麦克里上尉跑到伯格温身边，转达佩蒂格鲁的口信:“告诉他，他的团今天光荣无比。”说完这些话后不久，麦克里里冲动地捡起掉落的军团战旗，高高举起了一会儿，然后被一枪击中胸部而死。几分钟后，伯格温拿起横幅，在把它交给另一名士兵时受了致命伤。随后，中校约翰·r·莱恩(John R. Lane)升起了国旗，率领该团进行了最后一次冲锋，最终成功地将北方佬赶出了麦克弗森岭。就在撤退之前，密歇根第二十四团的查尔斯·麦康奈尔下士仔细地解构了麦克弗森岭战役的历史，神话和北卡罗来纳第二十六团在葛底斯堡第一天战斗的传说

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X Marks the Spot: The Fate of Two Confederate Artillerymen in the Second Richmond Howitzers X标记现场:第二里士满榴弹炮中两名邦联炮兵的命运

Gettysburg Magazine

Pub Date : 2015-01-29 DOI: 10.1353/GET.2015.0007

Thomas L. Elmore

X Marks the Spot and courageous and rose steadily in rank. Put in charge of the First Virginia Artillery battalion, he led it with distinction in the battles of Antietam (Sharpsburg) and Fredericksburg. At Chancellorsville, Brown served as acting chief of artillery in Stonewall Jackson’s corps. When the army was reorganized just prior to the Gettysburg campaign, Colonel Brown was chosen as chief of artillery for the Second Corps. As such he reported directly to the army’s overall artillery chief, Brig. Gen. William N. Pendleton. Brown’s old battalion was assigned to Capt. Willis Dance.2 Willis Jeff erson Dance was born on June 21, 1821, in Powhatan County, Virginia. Educated at HampdenSydney College, as well as the University of Virginia (1837– 39), he established a law practice near Powhatan Courthouse, where his father had served as clerk. With the war’s arrival, Dance raised a company known as the Powhatan Light Artillery, which was attached to Brown’s battalion.3 When Captain Dance was assigned command of the battalion in the spring of 1863, some grumbling arose in the ranks. In a private letter home, Quartermaster Sgt. William Y. Mordecai referred to him as an “old nanny.”4 Yet Dance apparently met the expectations of his superiors— although he aft erward reverted back to command of his battery, he was entrusted to lead the battalion on future occasions when the need arose.

X标志着勇敢，地位稳步上升。他被任命为弗吉尼亚第一炮兵营的指挥官，在安提特姆(夏普斯堡)和弗雷德里克斯堡战役中出色地领导了这个营。在钱瑟勒斯维尔，布朗在斯通沃尔·杰克逊的军团中担任代理炮兵长。在葛底斯堡战役前夕，军队进行了重组，布朗上校被选为第二兵团的炮兵司令。因此，他直接向陆军炮兵总参谋长威廉·彭德尔顿准将汇报工作。威利斯·杰夫森·丹斯于1821年6月21日出生在弗吉尼亚州的波瓦坦县。他在汉普登悉尼学院和弗吉尼亚大学接受教育(1837 - 39)，在波瓦坦法院附近开设了一家律师事务所，他的父亲曾在那里担任书吏。随着战争的到来，丹斯组建了一个名为波瓦坦轻型炮兵的连，隶属于布朗的营1863年春天，当丹斯上尉被任命为这个营的指挥官时，队伍中出现了一些抱怨。军需军士威廉·y·莫迪凯(William Y. Mordecai)在一封家书中称他为“老保姆”。然而，丹斯显然满足了他的上级的期望——尽管他后来又回到了炮台的指挥所，但在未来需要的时候，他被委托领导这个营。

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