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Organisational elements controlling labour efficiency in building construction operations – a construction supervisors' perspective 建筑施工作业中控制劳动效率的组织要素——建筑监理的视角
Pub Date : 2023-02-03 DOI: 10.1108/ijieom-10-2022-0052
K. Manoharan, P. Dissanayake, C. Pathirana, D. Deegahawature, Renuka Silva
PurposeLabour efficiency is the key component for the long-term sustainability of construction firms. Recent studies show that modernising organisational/managerial processes is necessary to raise labour efficiency in many emerging nations. Construction supervision is a crucial element in organisational/managerial practices, which provide blood circulation to the project operations by directing labour. Accordingly, this study aims to quantify the impacts of crucial organisational/managerial elements on the efficiency of labour in building construction projects based on the viewpoint of construction supervisors.FindingsA total of 28 factors were determined as critical, where lack of labour motivation, poor labour training facilities, poor performance evaluation practices, no labour rewarding mechanism and poor communication/cooperation between parties were judged to be the top five key issues in the list. The validity and reliability of the study findings were ensured through statistical tests and the experts' discussion outcomes. In view of the evolving challenges facing the industry, the results indicate that the organisational policies of construction enterprises in place addressing financial procedures, communication strategies, resource management and performance management practices must be enhanced.Research limitations/implicationsThe study findings will make a substantial contribution to reducing the disparity between organisation/management policies and labour practices towards changing how the sector operates to increase labour efficiency in construction projects.Originality/valueThis study contributes to addressing the knowledge gap in the industry associated with the organisational protocols, especially to understand/predict how such elements are significant, how much they influence the efficiency of construction practices and what steps can be made to limit their effects on labour efficiency in construction. These could be crucial in modernising organisational policies and procedures for construction management.
目的劳动效率是建筑公司长期可持续发展的关键组成部分。最近的研究表明,在许多新兴国家,组织/管理流程现代化对于提高劳动效率是必要的。施工监督是组织/管理实践中的一个关键因素,它通过指导劳动力为项目运营提供血液循环。因此,本研究旨在量化关键组织/管理因素对建筑施工项目中劳动力效率的影响,基于施工监理的观点。共有28个因素被确定为关键因素,其中缺乏劳动力动机、劳动力培训设施差、绩效评估做法差、没有劳动力奖励机制以及各方之间沟通/合作不畅被认为是前五大关键问题。通过统计检验和专家讨论结果,确保研究结果的效度和信度。鉴于建造业所面临的不断变化的挑战,研究结果显示,必须加强建筑企业在财务程序、沟通策略、资源管理和绩效管理方面的组织政策。研究的局限/启示研究结果将对减少组织/管理政策与劳工实务之间的差距,以改变行业运作方式,提高建筑项目的劳动效率作出重大贡献。原创性/价值本研究有助于解决与组织协议相关的行业知识差距,特别是了解/预测这些因素的重要性,它们对建筑实践效率的影响程度以及可以采取哪些步骤来限制它们对建筑劳动效率的影响。这些可能是至关重要的现代化组织政策和程序的施工管理。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of the effect of vibration in the multi-objective optimization of dry turning of hardened steel 振动在淬硬钢干式车削多目标优化中的影响研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-23 DOI: 10.1108/ijieom-11-2022-0059
M. Ahmed, Hridi Juberi, A. Bari, Muhommad Azizur Rahman, A. Rahman, Md. Ashfaqur Arefin, Ilias Vlachos, Niaz Quader
PurposeThis study aims to investigate the effect of vibration on ceramic tools under dry cutting conditions and find the optimum cutting condition for the hardened steel machining process in a computer numerical control (CNC) lathe machine.Design/methodology/approachIn this research, an integrated fuzzy TOPSIS-based Taguchi L9 optimization model has been applied for the multi-objective optimization (MOO) of the hard-turning responses. Additionally, the effect of vibration on the ceramic tool wear was investigated using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT).FindingsThe optimum cutting conditions for the multi-objective responses were obtained at 98 m/min cutting speed, 0.1 mm/rev feed rate and 0.2 mm depth of cut. According to the ANOVA of the input cutting parameters with respect to response variables, feed rate has the most significant impact (53.79%) on the control of response variables. From the vibration analysis, the feed rate, with a contribution of 34.74%, was shown to be the most significant process parameter influencing excessive vibration and consequent tool wear.Research limitations/implicationsThe MOO of response parameters at the optimum cutting parameter settings can significantly improve productivity in the dry turning of hardened steel and control over the input process parameters during machining.Originality/valueMost studies on optimizing responses in dry hard-turning performed in CNC lathe machines are based on single-objective optimization. Additionally, the effect of vibration on the ceramic tool during MOO of hard-turning has not been studied yet.
目的研究干式切削条件下振动对陶瓷刀具的影响,寻找硬钢在数控车床上加工的最佳切削条件。本研究将基于模糊topsis的综合田口L9优化模型应用于硬转弯响应的多目标优化。此外,利用方差分析(ANOVA)和快速傅里叶变换(FFT)研究了振动对陶瓷刀具磨损的影响。结果在切削速度为98 m/min、进给速度为0.1 mm/rev、切削深度为0.2 mm时,获得了多目标响应的最佳切削条件。根据输入切削参数对响应变量的方差分析,进给速度对响应变量的控制影响最大(53.79%)。从振动分析来看,进给速度是影响刀具过度振动和磨损的最显著工艺参数,对刀具磨损的贡献为34.74%。在最佳切削参数设置下响应参数的MOO可以显著提高干式车削硬化钢的生产率和加工过程中对输入工艺参数的控制。大多数关于数控车床干式硬车削响应优化的研究都是基于单目标优化。此外,硬车削MOO过程中振动对陶瓷刀具的影响尚未得到研究。
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引用次数: 2
Maturity of information systems' security in Ethiopian banks: case of selected private banks 埃塞俄比亚银行信息系统安全的成熟度:以选定的私人银行为例
Pub Date : 2023-01-05 DOI: 10.1108/ijieom-10-2021-0014
Tadele Shimels, Lemma F. Lessa
PurposeInformation systems' security is more critical than ever before since security threats are rapidly growing. Before putting in place information systems' security measures, organizations are required to determine the maturity level of their information security governance. Literature review reveals that there is no recent study on information systems' security maturity level of banks in Ethiopia. This study thus seeks to measure the existing maturity level and examine the security gaps in order to propose possible changes in Ethiopian private banking industry's information system security maturity indicators.Design/methodology/approachFour private banks are selected as a representative sample. The system security engineering capability maturity model (SSE-CMM) is used as the maturity measurement criteria, and the measurement was based on ISO/IEC 27001 information security control areas. The data for the study were gathered using a questionnaire.FindingsA total of 93 valid questionnaires were gathered from 110 participants in the study. Based on the SSE-CMM maturity model assessment criteria the private banking industry's current maturity level is level 2 (repeatable but intuitive). Institutions have a pattern that is repeated when completing information security operations but its existence was not thoroughly proven and institutional inconsistency still exists.Originality/valueThis study seeks to measure the existing maturity level and examine the security gaps in order to propose possible changes in Ethiopian private banking industry's information system security maturity indicators. This topic has not been attempted previously in the context of Ethiopian financial sector.
由于安全威胁的快速增长,信息系统的安全比以往任何时候都更加重要。在实施信息系统的安全措施之前,组织需要确定其信息安全治理的成熟度级别。文献综述发现,目前尚无关于埃塞俄比亚银行信息系统安全成熟度水平的研究。因此,本研究旨在衡量现有的成熟度水平,并检查安全缺口,以提出埃塞俄比亚私人银行业信息系统安全成熟度指标可能发生的变化。设计/方法/方法选择四家私人银行作为代表性样本。采用系统安全工程能力成熟度模型(SSE-CMM)作为成熟度度量标准,度量基于ISO/IEC 27001信息安全控制领域。这项研究的数据是通过问卷调查收集的。研究共收集了110名参与者的93份有效问卷。基于SSE-CMM成熟度模型评估标准,私人银行业目前的成熟度等级为2级(可重复但直观)。机构在完成信息安全操作时存在重复的模式,但其存在并未得到彻底证实,并且机构不一致仍然存在。原创性/价值本研究旨在衡量现有的成熟度水平,并检查安全缺口,以提出埃塞俄比亚私人银行业信息系统安全成熟度指标可能发生的变化。这一主题以前没有在埃塞俄比亚金融部门的背景下进行过尝试。
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引用次数: 0
Maturity and resilience in supply chains: a systematic review of the literature 供应链中的成熟度和弹性:文献的系统回顾
Pub Date : 2023-01-04 DOI: 10.1108/ijieom-08-2022-0035
Luiz Carlos Roque Júnior, G. Frederico, Maykon L.N. Costa
PurposeA globalized world demands proactive tactics from organizational supply chains. Companies should be capable of mitigating the impacts of natural and manmade disasters, which requires that they understand their stages of maturity and resilience. This study develops a theoretical model of the relationship between maturity and resilience, seeking to guide decision-making about aligning these two concepts.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review was conducted to identify the constructs that form the basis for our proposed maturity and resilience model.FindingsThe authors identified the key constructs related to maturity and resilience by analyzing the existing literature and selected 13 constructs and 3 maturity stages to construct our maturity and resilience model.Research limitations/implicationsThis research contributes to the supply chain management literature, especially that involving the themes of maturity and resilience. It can encourage research to develop future empirical research in the field to validate and overcome the limitations of the initial model the authors propose.Practical implicationsThe authors’ proposed model supports supply chain managers in establishing strategies to increase resilience based on the maturity of the chains they manage, enabling them to face crises such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Originality/valueThe model presents a holistic view of maturity and resilience in supply chains contributing to supply chain theory by examining the alignment between the two themes.
全球化的世界要求组织供应链采取积极主动的策略。公司应该有能力减轻自然和人为灾害的影响,这需要他们了解自己的成熟阶段和恢复能力。本研究建立了成熟度和弹性之间关系的理论模型,旨在指导如何调整这两个概念的决策。设计/方法/方法进行了系统的文献综述,以确定构成我们提出的成熟度和弹性模型基础的结构。结果通过对已有文献的分析,确定了与成熟度和弹性相关的关键构念,并选取了13个构念和3个成熟度阶段构建了成熟度和弹性模型。本研究对供应链管理文献,特别是涉及成熟度和弹性主题的文献有所贡献。它可以鼓励研究在该领域开展未来的实证研究,以验证和克服作者提出的初始模型的局限性。实际意义作者提出的模型支持供应链管理者制定战略,根据其管理的链的成熟度提高弹性,使他们能够面对2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行等危机。原创性/价值该模型通过检验这两个主题之间的一致性,呈现了供应链成熟度和弹性的整体观点,为供应链理论做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 4
Investigating and modeling interactions among manufacturing barriers due to Covid-19 pandemic: an interpretive ranking process 调查和建模2019冠状病毒病大流行造成的制造业壁垒之间的相互作用:一个解释性排名过程
Pub Date : 2022-12-06 DOI: 10.1108/ijieom-05-2022-0018
G. K. Badhotiya, Leena Sachdeva, G. Soni
PurposeThe manufacturing industry is one of the most disrupted systems as a result of the global spread of the Covid-19 pandemic. Manufacturing firms are looking for strategies and policies to deal with the situation while also meeting customer demands. This study aims to discuss and analyze the barriers that have impacted manufacturing systems during this period.Design/methodology/approachThe barriers and performance measures were extracted from the extant literature and further discussed with academic and industry experts. Based on the response of experts, a list of ten barriers and five performance measures were selected for further analysis. The interpretive ranking process (IRP) is applied to analyze the inter-relationship among the barriers with respect to performance variables. The cross-interaction matrices and the dominance profile are created to prioritize the barriers. Based on dominance value, an IRP-based manufacturing barrier evaluation model is developed for validation.FindingsThe impact of the pandemic on the manufacturing industry is analyzed through the list of barriers and a structured ranking model is proposed. The research findings of the study indicate that “Financial constraints” is the most influential barrier to manufacturing due to the outbreak of Covid-19, followed by “Government imposed restrictions” and “Setbacks in logistics services.”Practical implicationsThe ranking of barriers and developed interpretive ranking process model would be helpful for practitioners and policymakers to formulate strategies for manufacturing organizations to deal with the pandemic situation. The finding can be beneficial as it promotes similar studies in other sectors.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the manufacturing sector by developing a contextual relationship among the set of identified barriers against various performance measures. As per the author's knowledge, this is the first study that provides a relationship and ranking of manufacturing barriers due to the outbreak of Covid-19.
由于Covid-19大流行的全球传播,制造业是受影响最严重的系统之一。制造企业正在寻找策略和政策来应对这种情况,同时也满足客户的需求。本研究旨在讨论和分析在此期间影响制造系统的障碍。设计/方法/方法从现有文献中提取障碍和性能衡量标准,并与学术界和行业专家进一步讨论。根据专家的反馈,我们选择了10个障碍和5个绩效指标进行进一步分析。应用解释性排序过程(IRP)分析了绩效变量方面障碍之间的相互关系。交叉交互矩阵和优势概况被创建来优先考虑障碍。基于优势值,建立了基于irp的制造业壁垒评价模型进行验证。通过障碍列表分析了疫情对制造业的影响,并提出了结构化排序模型。研究结果显示,新冠肺炎疫情对制造业影响最大的障碍是“资金限制”,其次是“政府限制”和“物流服务受挫”。实践意义建立的障碍排序和解释性排序过程模型将有助于从业者和决策者制定制造企业应对疫情的策略。这一发现可能是有益的,因为它可以促进其他领域的类似研究。原创性/价值本研究通过在针对各种绩效指标的一系列已识别障碍之间建立上下文关系,为制造业做出了贡献。据作者所知,这是第一项研究,提供了由于Covid-19爆发而导致的制造业壁垒的关系和排名。
{"title":"Investigating and modeling interactions among manufacturing barriers due to Covid-19 pandemic: an interpretive ranking process","authors":"G. K. Badhotiya, Leena Sachdeva, G. Soni","doi":"10.1108/ijieom-05-2022-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijieom-05-2022-0018","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThe manufacturing industry is one of the most disrupted systems as a result of the global spread of the Covid-19 pandemic. Manufacturing firms are looking for strategies and policies to deal with the situation while also meeting customer demands. This study aims to discuss and analyze the barriers that have impacted manufacturing systems during this period.Design/methodology/approachThe barriers and performance measures were extracted from the extant literature and further discussed with academic and industry experts. Based on the response of experts, a list of ten barriers and five performance measures were selected for further analysis. The interpretive ranking process (IRP) is applied to analyze the inter-relationship among the barriers with respect to performance variables. The cross-interaction matrices and the dominance profile are created to prioritize the barriers. Based on dominance value, an IRP-based manufacturing barrier evaluation model is developed for validation.FindingsThe impact of the pandemic on the manufacturing industry is analyzed through the list of barriers and a structured ranking model is proposed. The research findings of the study indicate that “Financial constraints” is the most influential barrier to manufacturing due to the outbreak of Covid-19, followed by “Government imposed restrictions” and “Setbacks in logistics services.”Practical implicationsThe ranking of barriers and developed interpretive ranking process model would be helpful for practitioners and policymakers to formulate strategies for manufacturing organizations to deal with the pandemic situation. The finding can be beneficial as it promotes similar studies in other sectors.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the manufacturing sector by developing a contextual relationship among the set of identified barriers against various performance measures. As per the author's knowledge, this is the first study that provides a relationship and ranking of manufacturing barriers due to the outbreak of Covid-19.","PeriodicalId":268888,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Operations Management","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129572834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Exploring behavioural bias affecting investment decision-making: a network cluster based conceptual analysis for future research 行为偏差对投资决策的影响:基于网络聚类的概念分析
Pub Date : 2022-11-25 DOI: 10.1108/ijieom-08-2022-0033
Anshita Bihari, M. Dash, S. Kar, K. Muduli, Anil Kumar K, S. Luthra
PurposeThis study systematically explores the patterns and connections in the behavioural bias and investment decisions of the existing literature in the Scopus database published between 2007 and 2022. The purpose of this paper is to address this issue.FindingsIn the article it was determined which contributed documents were the most significant in this particular subject area along with the citations, publications and nations that were associated with them. The bibliographic coupling offered more in-depth insights into the papers by organizing them into distinct groups. The pattern of the publications has been brought to light, and the connection between different types of literature has provided insight into the path that future studies should take.Research limitations/implicationsThis study considered only articles from the Scopus database. Future studies can be based on papers that have been published in other databases.Originality/valueThe outcome of this study provides valuable insights into the intellectual structure and biases of investors and adds value to existing knowledge. This review provides a road map for the future trend of research on behavioural bias and investment decisions.
本研究系统地探讨了2007年至2022年Scopus数据库中发表的现有文献的行为偏差与投资决策之间的模式和联系。本文的目的就是要解决这个问题。在这篇文章中,我们确定了哪些贡献的文献在这个特定的主题领域是最重要的,以及与之相关的引文、出版物和国家。书目耦合通过将它们组织成不同的组,为论文提供了更深入的见解。出版物的模式被揭示出来,不同类型文献之间的联系为未来研究应该采取的路径提供了见解。本研究仅考虑了Scopus数据库中的文章。未来的研究可以基于已经在其他数据库中发表的论文。独创性/价值本研究的结果为投资者的智力结构和偏见提供了有价值的见解,并为现有知识增加了价值。这一综述为行为偏差与投资决策的未来研究趋势提供了路线图。
{"title":"Exploring behavioural bias affecting investment decision-making: a network cluster based conceptual analysis for future research","authors":"Anshita Bihari, M. Dash, S. Kar, K. Muduli, Anil Kumar K, S. Luthra","doi":"10.1108/ijieom-08-2022-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijieom-08-2022-0033","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThis study systematically explores the patterns and connections in the behavioural bias and investment decisions of the existing literature in the Scopus database published between 2007 and 2022. The purpose of this paper is to address this issue.FindingsIn the article it was determined which contributed documents were the most significant in this particular subject area along with the citations, publications and nations that were associated with them. The bibliographic coupling offered more in-depth insights into the papers by organizing them into distinct groups. The pattern of the publications has been brought to light, and the connection between different types of literature has provided insight into the path that future studies should take.Research limitations/implicationsThis study considered only articles from the Scopus database. Future studies can be based on papers that have been published in other databases.Originality/valueThe outcome of this study provides valuable insights into the intellectual structure and biases of investors and adds value to existing knowledge. This review provides a road map for the future trend of research on behavioural bias and investment decisions.","PeriodicalId":268888,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Operations Management","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117324891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Future of healthcare start-ups in the era of digitalization: bibliometric analysis 数字化时代医疗初创企业的未来:文献计量学分析
Pub Date : 2022-11-23 DOI: 10.1108/ijieom-10-2022-0046
Aswathy Sreenivasan, M. Suresh
PurposeIt is the responsibility of the national governments to deliver healthcare services that are both effective and affordable to everyone. There are still gaps in this supply, which is extremely demanding. In this sense, companies are attempting to reach neglected markets and disrupt the marketplace with novel solutions. Although there are still anecdotal examples, a thorough literature evaluation is lacking. This study aims to provide a synthesis of the future of healthcare start-ups.Design/methodology/approachPapers that included the term “healthcare start-ups,” “health-tech start-ups,” “start-up,” “Artificial intelligence in healthcare,” and “Health tech start-ups in India” were considered for the analysis. The Biblioshiny package under the R programming tool was considered for a detailed analysis of the papers.FindingsA total of 854 documents were related to healthcare start-ups, from which only 14 papers are related to health-tech start-ups and four papers are related to artificial intelligence in healthcare start-ups. It has been found from the past works of literature that the effectiveness of technology for information and communication in healthcare has significantly increased in recent years. Technology has already begun to permeate the healthcare market from other fields and industries. One way that the internet will help the industry evolve is by integrating digital health into daily life.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is not using other databases but is limited to Google Scholar and Scopus. A significant constraint of this study is the paucity of relevant literature in reputable publications on health and information systems. Another restriction was that gray literature, such as any journal or newspaper written by members of the health community about health-tech start-ups, was not taken into account.Practical implicationsHealthcare players should exhibit a fundamental openness to novel solutions to facilitate the digitalization of the healthcare system. Developing technology is widely used, and from an innovation perspective, a start-up should focus on innovation by employing technology and offering revolutionary healthcare solutions.Originality/valueThe novelty of this research is based on its presentation of an organized and thorough literature evaluation, which defines the current state of the art concerning green start-ups. To create a sustainable start-up, a thorough study of the information gained in respect of its healthcare start-up is presented.
目的各国政府有责任为每个人提供既有效又负担得起的医疗服务。这方面的供应仍然存在缺口,需求非常大。从这个意义上说,公司正试图进入被忽视的市场,并用新颖的解决方案扰乱市场。虽然仍有轶事的例子,但缺乏全面的文献评价。这项研究的目的是提供一个综合的未来医疗保健初创企业。包含“医疗保健初创企业”、“医疗技术初创企业”、“初创企业”、“医疗保健中的人工智能”和“印度的医疗技术初创企业”等术语的论文被考虑用于分析。在R编程工具下的Biblioshiny包被认为是对论文的详细分析。与医疗保健初创企业相关的文献共854篇,其中与健康科技初创企业相关的文献只有14篇,与医疗保健初创企业中的人工智能相关的文献有4篇。从过去的文献作品中发现,近年来医疗保健中信息和通信技术的有效性显着提高。技术已经开始从其他领域和行业渗透到医疗保健市场。互联网将帮助行业发展的一种方式是将数字健康融入日常生活。研究限制/启示本研究没有使用其他数据库,但仅限于Google Scholar和Scopus。本研究的一个重要限制是,在有关卫生和信息系统的知名出版物中缺乏相关文献。另一个限制是灰色文献,例如卫生界成员写的关于卫生技术初创企业的任何期刊或报纸,没有被考虑在内。实际意义医疗保健参与者应该对新的解决方案表现出基本的开放性,以促进医疗保健系统的数字化。开发技术被广泛使用,从创新的角度来看,创业公司应该专注于创新,利用技术并提供革命性的医疗保健解决方案。原创性/价值本研究的新颖性是基于其有组织和彻底的文献评估,它定义了目前关于绿色初创企业的艺术状态。为了创建可持续的初创企业,对其医疗保健初创企业获得的信息进行了全面研究。
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引用次数: 6
Predicting Average Wait-Time of COVID-19 Test Results and Efficacy Using Machine Learning Algorithms 使用机器学习算法预测COVID-19测试结果和疗效的平均等待时间
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.46254/j.ieom.20210202
Hassan Hijry, Richard Olawoyin, William Edwards, Gary C. McDonald, D. Debnath, Y. Al-Hejri
Due to the rising number of confirmed positive tests, the global impact of COVID-19 continues to grow. This can be attributed to the long wait times patients face to receive COVID-19 test results. During these lengthy waiting periods, people become anxious, especially those who are not experiencing early COVID-19 symptoms. This study aimed to develop models that predict waiting times for COVID-19 test results based on different factors such as testing facility, result interpretation, and date of test. Several machine learning algorithms were used to predict average waiting times for COVID-19 test results and to find the most accurate model. These algorithms include neural network, support vector regression, K-nearest neighbor regression, and more. COVID-19 test result waiting times were predicted for 54,730 patients recorded during the pandemic across 171 hospitals and 14 labs. To examine and evaluate the model’s accuracy, different measurements were applied such as root mean squared and R-Squared. Among the eight proposed models, the results showed that decision tree regression performed the best for predicting COVID-19 test results waiting times. The proposed models could be used to prioritize testing for COVID-19 and provide decision makers with the proper prediction tools to prepare against possible threats and consequences of future COVID-19 waves.
由于确诊阳性检测人数不断增加,COVID-19的全球影响继续扩大。这可能是因为患者等待新冠病毒检测结果的时间很长。在这些漫长的等待期间,人们变得焦虑,尤其是那些没有出现COVID-19早期症状的人。该研究旨在开发基于检测设施、结果解释和检测日期等不同因素预测COVID-19检测结果等待时间的模型。使用几种机器学习算法来预测COVID-19检测结果的平均等待时间,并找到最准确的模型。这些算法包括神经网络、支持向量回归、k近邻回归等。预计在大流行期间,171家医院和14个实验室记录的54730名患者的COVID-19检测结果等待时间。为了检验和评估模型的准确性,采用了不同的测量方法,如均方根和r平方。结果表明,决策树回归在预测COVID-19检测结果等待时间方面效果最好。提出的模型可用于优先检测COVID-19,并为决策者提供适当的预测工具,以应对未来COVID-19浪潮可能带来的威胁和后果。
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引用次数: 0
Traceability of Fruits and Vegetables Supply Chain towards Efficient Management: A Case Study from Sri Lanka 水果和蔬菜供应链的可追溯性迈向高效管理:斯里兰卡的案例研究
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.46254/j.ieom.20210203
Y. Samarasinghe, B. S. Kumara, A. Kulatunga
The necessity for food traceability has been increased over the years with the expansion of food supply chains globally over these years due to stringent of food safety regulations. Enhancing the access to quality food safely is one of the essential requirements of food supply chain traceability. Conversely, significant percentages of postharvest losses available especially in developing countries due to poor supply chain and logistics practices thereby threatening food security. Unless there is a possibility to trace the Supply chain, it is difficult to take remedial actions. When it comes to Sri Lanka, currently it is harder to have the traceability in most of the foods supply chains commonly on most of the elementary supply chains such as fruits and vegetables. This has led to postharvest losses since it is harder to identify when and where damages occur, who are accountable, harvested and transient times, supply demand mismatch too. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the feasibility of tracing of fruit and vegetable supply chain in Sri Lanka and contribute theoretically to facilitate authorities and decision makers for future traceability improvement. Availability of secondary information on fruits and vegetables traceability was examined referring to government agencies. Basic structure of supply chain was identified based on secondary data and a case study was conducted based on supply chains linked to Thambuththegama and Keppetipola Dedicated Economic Centers to gather primary data. To quantify the feasibility of tracing, a feasibility index was developed. Developed index was used to assess the feasibility towards improved traceability of selected chains where it can be applied for other food and non-food supply chains as well. The feasibility index can be used for other fruits and vegetables supply chains too to assess the feasibility prior to implementation of a traceability system. Furthermore, it can be used for non-food supply chains with some modifications. Analysis revealed that poor feasibility of wholesalers compared to farmers and retailers. Product identification technologies, awareness and willingness for traceability improvement were ranged low to fair for all the entity categories. Hence, enhancement of record-keeping and information sharing, adopting product identification and quality measurement technologies, and strengthening of legislation were identified as key improvements for enhanced fruits and vegetable traceability and efficient postharvest management of studied supply chains
多年来,由于食品安全法规的严格,食品可追溯性的必要性随着全球食品供应链的扩大而增加。提高对优质食品的安全获取是食品供应链可追溯性的基本要求之一。相反,特别是在发展中国家,由于供应链和物流实践不佳,收获后损失可能占很大比例,从而威胁到粮食安全。除非有可能追踪供应链,否则很难采取补救措施。就斯里兰卡而言,目前在大多数食品供应链中都很难实现可追溯性,尤其是在水果和蔬菜等大多数初级供应链中。这导致了收获后的损失,因为很难确定损害发生的时间和地点,谁负责,收获和短暂时间,供需不匹配。因此,本文旨在研究斯里兰卡果蔬供应链追溯的可行性,并在理论上为当局和决策者未来的可追溯性改进做出贡献。参考政府机构审查了水果和蔬菜可追溯性的二级信息的可用性。基于二手数据确定了供应链的基本结构,并基于与Thambuththegama和Keppetipola专用经济中心相关的供应链进行了案例研究,以收集第一手数据。为了量化跟踪的可行性,开发了可行性指标。开发的指数被用来评估改善选定链的可追溯性的可行性,它也可以应用于其他食品和非食品供应链。可行性指数也可以用于其他水果和蔬菜供应链,在实施可追溯系统之前评估可行性。此外,经过一些修改,它可以用于非食品供应链。分析显示,与农民和零售商相比,批发商的可行性较差。产品识别技术、对可追溯性改进的认识和意愿对所有实体类别来说都是低到公平的。因此,加强记录保存和信息共享、采用产品识别和质量测量技术以及加强立法被认为是提高果蔬可追溯性和高效采后供应链管理的关键改进措施
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引用次数: 4
Maximum Coverage Location Model for Fire Stations with Top Corporate Risk Locations 具有最高企业风险位置的消防站最大覆盖位置模型
Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.46254/j.ieom.20210201
A. Alzahrani, Ahmad Al Hanbali
The fire station location is a critical decision to optimize the coverage level as measured in terms of the response time. This paper focuses on optimizing the coverage problem, especially in the fire protection field, with new model features to incorporate realistic business challenges such as location criticality and secondary coverage. We extend the deterministic Maximum Coverage Location Problem to account for Top Corporate Risk locations being covered by different fire stations as primary and secondary coverage. To deal with the response time uncertainty arising in practice, we propose a new binary linear problem based on the Maximum Expected Covering Location Problem. By exploiting the model structural characteristics, we prove that the model complexity can be substantially reduced to yield an efficient solution. In the numerical experiments, we use a real case study with five years of historical data. The optimization results of the models yield a priority ranking of the fire stations to open and show the value of incorporating the coverage uncertainty. Finally, we also compare our model with uncertainty with the standard scenario-based optimization to extend the numerical results.
消防站的位置是根据响应时间来优化覆盖水平的关键决策。本文的重点是优化覆盖问题,特别是在消防领域,采用新的模型特征,以结合现实的业务挑战,如位置关键性和二次覆盖。我们扩展了确定性最大覆盖位置问题,以考虑不同消防站覆盖的最高企业风险位置作为主要和次要覆盖。针对实际应用中出现的响应时间不确定性问题,在最大期望覆盖定位问题的基础上,提出了一种新的二元线性问题。通过利用模型的结构特征,我们证明了模型的复杂性可以大大降低,从而得到一个有效的解决方案。在数值实验中,我们使用了一个具有5年历史数据的真实案例研究。模型的优化结果给出了消防站开放的优先级排序,显示了考虑覆盖不确定性的价值。最后,我们还将不确定性模型与标准的基于场景的优化模型进行了比较,以扩展数值结果。
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International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Operations Management
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