In the context of financial crisis, to strengthen the capacity of independent innovation of small- and medium-sized enterprises, is an important channel of getting rid of economic dilemma and reviving fast economic development. To improve the capacity of independent innovation of small- and medium-sized enterprises, it is imperative to solve three problems as inadequate motivation, poor environment & unhealthy system and weak capacity for innovation. As the policy-provider, the government shall solve difficult issues hard to be solved by individual enterprises, address various services properly and provide good environment for small- and medium-sized enterprises to conduct independent innovation. Only in this way, can the difficulty of independent innovation of small- and medium-sized enterprises be solved radically.
{"title":"Notice of RetractionOn Measures of Promoting Independent Innovation of Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the Context of Financial Crisis","authors":"H. Yu-chen","doi":"10.1109/ICCTD.2009.255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCTD.2009.255","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of financial crisis, to strengthen the capacity of independent innovation of small- and medium-sized enterprises, is an important channel of getting rid of economic dilemma and reviving fast economic development. To improve the capacity of independent innovation of small- and medium-sized enterprises, it is imperative to solve three problems as inadequate motivation, poor environment & unhealthy system and weak capacity for innovation. As the policy-provider, the government shall solve difficult issues hard to be solved by individual enterprises, address various services properly and provide good environment for small- and medium-sized enterprises to conduct independent innovation. Only in this way, can the difficulty of independent innovation of small- and medium-sized enterprises be solved radically.","PeriodicalId":269403,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Computer Technology and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127505948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Boonchuan Ng, A. Premadi, N. A. A. M. Arif, M. Ab-Rahman
This paper presents the hardware architecture of a new optical switching device named Protection Switching Device (PSD) for providing protection and restoration against fiber failures/faults in the distribution region of passive optical network (PON). The developed PSD prototypes are employed at the customer end, just before the optical network units (ONUs) to ensure the data flow continuously due to breakdown occur in the network and instantly repair operation. The network is protected from fiber/equipment failures by using optical switches to bridge the optical signals and dual feed them on diversely routed working line and protection line or neighbor line. When the failure is detected, the protection mechanism will be activated and divert the optical signal direction to the protection line or neighbor line according to the types of failure condition and location of failures in PON.
{"title":"Hardware Architecture of Protection Switching Device (PSD)","authors":"Boonchuan Ng, A. Premadi, N. A. A. M. Arif, M. Ab-Rahman","doi":"10.1109/ICCTD.2009.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCTD.2009.101","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the hardware architecture of a new optical switching device named Protection Switching Device (PSD) for providing protection and restoration against fiber failures/faults in the distribution region of passive optical network (PON). The developed PSD prototypes are employed at the customer end, just before the optical network units (ONUs) to ensure the data flow continuously due to breakdown occur in the network and instantly repair operation. The network is protected from fiber/equipment failures by using optical switches to bridge the optical signals and dual feed them on diversely routed working line and protection line or neighbor line. When the failure is detected, the protection mechanism will be activated and divert the optical signal direction to the protection line or neighbor line according to the types of failure condition and location of failures in PON.","PeriodicalId":269403,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Computer Technology and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125887965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In development of a plastic injection mold, the goal of the designer is to achieve an optimal mold design with minimum material wastage and time per cycle, yet produces the product without defects and blemishes. To design the mold, the designer can vary the mold design by manipulate the shape of the part and also the runner and the gate locations. As a consequences of the cost involved in mold manufacture is very expensive, trial-and-error experimentation in the design of the mold is not economical. To permeate this problem, the used of CAD/CAE application assisted in design and establish the most optimal mold gating system. This research was conducted by implementing the use of CAD/CAE tools to produce an optimal mold gating design using CATIA and MOLDFLOW applications. The application tremendously assist the designer in resolve the mold with best gating location in producing an automotive plastic part with low defects, fast time-cycle and the most important factor is to reduce the manufacturing cost.
{"title":"Computer Simulation Opportunity In Plastic Injection Mold Development for Automotive Part","authors":"A. Saman, A. H. Abdullah, M. Nor","doi":"10.1109/ICCTD.2009.197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCTD.2009.197","url":null,"abstract":"In development of a plastic injection mold, the goal of the designer is to achieve an optimal mold design with minimum material wastage and time per cycle, yet produces the product without defects and blemishes. To design the mold, the designer can vary the mold design by manipulate the shape of the part and also the runner and the gate locations. As a consequences of the cost involved in mold manufacture is very expensive, trial-and-error experimentation in the design of the mold is not economical. To permeate this problem, the used of CAD/CAE application assisted in design and establish the most optimal mold gating system. This research was conducted by implementing the use of CAD/CAE tools to produce an optimal mold gating design using CATIA and MOLDFLOW applications. The application tremendously assist the designer in resolve the mold with best gating location in producing an automotive plastic part with low defects, fast time-cycle and the most important factor is to reduce the manufacturing cost.","PeriodicalId":269403,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Computer Technology and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123741552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study we present a sub-swarm based particle swarm optimization algorithm for niching (NSPSO). The NSPSO algorithm is capable of locating and maintaining a sufficient number of niches throughout the execution of the algorithm. The niches which are identified are then exploited by using a sub-swarm strategy which tries to refine the niche and converge to an optimum solution. NSPSO is capable of locating multiple solutions and is well suited for multimodal optimization problems. From the experimentation results, we have observed that NSPSO is quite efficient in locating both global and local optima. We present a comparison of the performance of NSPSO with NichePSO and SPSO.
{"title":"Niching with Sub-swarm Based Particle Swarm Optimization","authors":"M. Rashid, A. R. Baig, K. Zafar","doi":"10.1109/ICCTD.2009.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCTD.2009.30","url":null,"abstract":"In this study we present a sub-swarm based particle swarm optimization algorithm for niching (NSPSO). The NSPSO algorithm is capable of locating and maintaining a sufficient number of niches throughout the execution of the algorithm. The niches which are identified are then exploited by using a sub-swarm strategy which tries to refine the niche and converge to an optimum solution. NSPSO is capable of locating multiple solutions and is well suited for multimodal optimization problems. From the experimentation results, we have observed that NSPSO is quite efficient in locating both global and local optima. We present a comparison of the performance of NSPSO with NichePSO and SPSO.","PeriodicalId":269403,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Computer Technology and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126996604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this work is to bring an econometric approach upon the CO2 market. We identify the specificities of this market, and analyze the carbon as a commodity. We investigate the econometric particularities of CO2 prices behavior and their result of the calibration. We apprehend and explain the reasons of the non-Gaussian behavior of this market focusing mainly upon jump diffusions and generalized hyperbolic distributions. These models are used for pricing and hedging of carbon options. We estimate the pricing accuracy of each model and the capacity to provide an efficient dynamic hedging.
{"title":"Notice of RetractionDerivative Pricing and Hedging on Carbon Market","authors":"E. Paul, Marius-Christian Frunza, D. Guégan","doi":"10.1109/ICCTD.2009.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCTD.2009.119","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to bring an econometric approach upon the CO2 market. We identify the specificities of this market, and analyze the carbon as a commodity. We investigate the econometric particularities of CO2 prices behavior and their result of the calibration. We apprehend and explain the reasons of the non-Gaussian behavior of this market focusing mainly upon jump diffusions and generalized hyperbolic distributions. These models are used for pricing and hedging of carbon options. We estimate the pricing accuracy of each model and the capacity to provide an efficient dynamic hedging.","PeriodicalId":269403,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Computer Technology and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122361123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the main parts of peer-to-peer multicast is the structure of overlay network. Most of the existing works utilize some common parameters for constructing overlay tree. These parameters are bandwidth and delay. The mismatch between current overlay structure and underlying network topology causes severe link stress and then leads to high end to end latency. According to these problems, we propose a new overlay construction algorithm called OLT in this paper that finds the location of peers and tries to connect peers that are as close as possible. OLT exploits a number of heuristic techniques to reach an optimized tree even in case of peer heterogeneity and high churn rate. Our simulations show that OLT reduces link stress and latency because it constructs a logical tree more compatible to physical network than the existing algorithms.
{"title":"Tree Optimization In Overlay Multicast Based on Location and Bandwidth","authors":"Maryam Bagheri, A. Movaghar","doi":"10.1109/ICCTD.2009.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCTD.2009.78","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main parts of peer-to-peer multicast is the structure of overlay network. Most of the existing works utilize some common parameters for constructing overlay tree. These parameters are bandwidth and delay. The mismatch between current overlay structure and underlying network topology causes severe link stress and then leads to high end to end latency. According to these problems, we propose a new overlay construction algorithm called OLT in this paper that finds the location of peers and tries to connect peers that are as close as possible. OLT exploits a number of heuristic techniques to reach an optimized tree even in case of peer heterogeneity and high churn rate. Our simulations show that OLT reduces link stress and latency because it constructs a logical tree more compatible to physical network than the existing algorithms.","PeriodicalId":269403,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Computer Technology and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129718920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Assessing quality of distorted/decompressed images without reference to the original image is difficult because extracted features are not exact and complex relationship exists between image features and its visual quality. The paper aims at assessing the quality of distorted/decompressed images without any reference to the original image by developing a fuzzy inference system (FIS). Five benchmark images are decompressed with varied codebook size and divided into different regions. Several statistical features of these regions and mean opinion score (MOS) based quality of images are applied as input and output, respectively of the FIS rule generation process. The parameters of the FIS are tuned to improve accuracy in quality prediction by implementing an adaptive network based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). The error between the computed output of the FIS (predicted quality) and the supplied target value (quality obtained under ideal conditions of decompression) is minimized using supervised learning algorithm. Quality of decompressed and various noise incorporated test images are predicted without reference to the original image producing output comparable with other no reference techniques. Results are validated with the objective and subjective image quality measures.
{"title":"No-Reference Quality Prediction of Distorted/Decompressed Images Using ANFIS","authors":"I. De, J. Sil","doi":"10.1109/ICCTD.2009.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCTD.2009.59","url":null,"abstract":"Assessing quality of distorted/decompressed images without reference to the original image is difficult because extracted features are not exact and complex relationship exists between image features and its visual quality. The paper aims at assessing the quality of distorted/decompressed images without any reference to the original image by developing a fuzzy inference system (FIS). Five benchmark images are decompressed with varied codebook size and divided into different regions. Several statistical features of these regions and mean opinion score (MOS) based quality of images are applied as input and output, respectively of the FIS rule generation process. The parameters of the FIS are tuned to improve accuracy in quality prediction by implementing an adaptive network based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). The error between the computed output of the FIS (predicted quality) and the supplied target value (quality obtained under ideal conditions of decompression) is minimized using supervised learning algorithm. Quality of decompressed and various noise incorporated test images are predicted without reference to the original image producing output comparable with other no reference techniques. Results are validated with the objective and subjective image quality measures.","PeriodicalId":269403,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Computer Technology and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128208944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As for why to carry out public utility reform, generally, efficiency hypothesis is mainly adopted as its analysis premises. However, this Article holds that there exists serious one-sidedness in efficiency hypothesis. Public utility reform is a compelled choice under the condition that local governments are short of financial power to continue to provide astronomical particular investment demanded by operation of public utility. This perspective can provide new thread of thinking for the public utility reform.
{"title":"Notice of RetractionOn the Deep-rooted Cause of Public Utility Reform","authors":"Zi-li Wang, Xiu-ming Liu","doi":"10.1109/ICCTD.2009.260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCTD.2009.260","url":null,"abstract":"As for why to carry out public utility reform, generally, efficiency hypothesis is mainly adopted as its analysis premises. However, this Article holds that there exists serious one-sidedness in efficiency hypothesis. Public utility reform is a compelled choice under the condition that local governments are short of financial power to continue to provide astronomical particular investment demanded by operation of public utility. This perspective can provide new thread of thinking for the public utility reform.","PeriodicalId":269403,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Computer Technology and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129062714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on analysis of the characteristics of virtual enterprises and exploration of the distinction of knowledge employee management of virtual enterprises, this Article holds that the major distinctions are represented as difficulty in remote management, obstacle of cultural difference and great proportion of mobility/brain drain of knowledge employees etc., and has also explored the measures of motivating knowledge employees of virtual enterprises based on information dissymmetry.
{"title":"On Motivation/Incentive of Knowledge Employees of Virtual Enterprises","authors":"Ke Jian-chun","doi":"10.1109/ICCTD.2009.264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCTD.2009.264","url":null,"abstract":"Based on analysis of the characteristics of virtual enterprises and exploration of the distinction of knowledge employee management of virtual enterprises, this Article holds that the major distinctions are represented as difficulty in remote management, obstacle of cultural difference and great proportion of mobility/brain drain of knowledge employees etc., and has also explored the measures of motivating knowledge employees of virtual enterprises based on information dissymmetry.","PeriodicalId":269403,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Computer Technology and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124968783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mobile ad hoc networks usually consist of mobile battery operated computing devices that communicate over the wireless medium and they have limited battery capacity. Many proposed routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks concentrate on issues like the packet delivery ratio, routing overhead and shortest path between source and destination. In fact, power constraints represent an equally important issue in mobile ad hoc networks operations. A power effective source routing protocol reduces the energy consumption of the nodes in a mobile ad hoc network by routing packets on routes that consumes the minimum amount of energy to get the packets to their destination. In this paper, I have proposed a power routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks. The goal of my protocol is to reduce power consumption in transmission and balance power consumption of nodes to increase the life time of the whole network.
移动特设网络通常由移动电池操作的计算设备组成，这些设备通过无线介质进行通信，电池容量有限。许多针对移动特设网络提出的路由协议都集中在数据包传送率、路由开销以及源和目的地之间的最短路径等问题上。事实上，功率限制也是移动特设网络运行中的一个重要问题。一个省电的源路由协议可以减少移动特设网络中节点的能量消耗，它通过路由将数据包送到目的地所消耗的能量最小。在本文中，我提出了一种用于移动 ad hoc 网络的功率路由协议。该协议的目标是降低传输能耗，平衡节点能耗，从而延长整个网络的使用寿命。
{"title":"Power Effective Source Routing Protocol in Mobile Ad hoc Network","authors":"Ashutosh Singh","doi":"10.1109/ICCTD.2009.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCTD.2009.27","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile ad hoc networks usually consist of mobile battery operated computing devices that communicate over the wireless medium and they have limited battery capacity. Many proposed routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks concentrate on issues like the packet delivery ratio, routing overhead and shortest path between source and destination. In fact, power constraints represent an equally important issue in mobile ad hoc networks operations. A power effective source routing protocol reduces the energy consumption of the nodes in a mobile ad hoc network by routing packets on routes that consumes the minimum amount of energy to get the packets to their destination. In this paper, I have proposed a power routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks. The goal of my protocol is to reduce power consumption in transmission and balance power consumption of nodes to increase the life time of the whole network.","PeriodicalId":269403,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Computer Technology and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126895587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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