Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7489-7.ch001
M. Ragan
Bioinformatics has emerged as new discipline at the interface of molecular bioscience with mathematics, computer science, and information technology. Bioinformatics is driven by data arising from high-throughput technologies in molecular bioscience. To enable biological discovery, bioinformatics draws on and extends technologies for data capture, management, integration and mining, computing, and communication technology. The rise of genomics has been a key driver for bioinformatics. Genomics, however, was never an end unto itself, but rather was intended to enable the understanding of complex biological systems. Bioinformatics continues to evolve in support of its constituent domains and, increasingly, their integration into genome-scale molecular systems biology. This chapter presents bioinformatics first from the perspective of computer science and information technology, then from the perspective of bioscience. In practice these perspectives often merge, making bioinformatics a rich, vibrant area of multidisciplinary research and application.
{"title":"Bioinformatics","authors":"M. Ragan","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7489-7.ch001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7489-7.ch001","url":null,"abstract":"Bioinformatics has emerged as new discipline at the interface of molecular bioscience with mathematics, computer science, and information technology. Bioinformatics is driven by data arising from high-throughput technologies in molecular bioscience. To enable biological discovery, bioinformatics draws on and extends technologies for data capture, management, integration and mining, computing, and communication technology. The rise of genomics has been a key driver for bioinformatics. Genomics, however, was never an end unto itself, but rather was intended to enable the understanding of complex biological systems. Bioinformatics continues to evolve in support of its constituent domains and, increasingly, their integration into genome-scale molecular systems biology. This chapter presents bioinformatics first from the perspective of computer science and information technology, then from the perspective of bioscience. In practice these perspectives often merge, making bioinformatics a rich, vibrant area of multidisciplinary research and application.","PeriodicalId":269471,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Methodologies and Technologies in Medicine and Healthcare","volume":"90 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113940447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH325
Xiaojun Yuan, J. Pino
This chapter discusses health information seeking (HIS) behavior in general and then collaborative HIS behavior in terms of the current status, the representative researchers and their work, and challenges and future directions. All aspects of collaborative HIS constitute a wide field, and thus, this paper focuses on the HIS social dimension and explores how collaborative HIS could contribute to promoting people's positive health behavior. Afterwards, collaborative information seeking systems are introduced, and future directions and conclusion are discussed.
{"title":"Cyber Behaviors in Seeking Health Information","authors":"Xiaojun Yuan, J. Pino","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH325","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses health information seeking (HIS) behavior in general and then collaborative HIS behavior in terms of the current status, the representative researchers and their work, and challenges and future directions. All aspects of collaborative HIS constitute a wide field, and thus, this paper focuses on the HIS social dimension and explores how collaborative HIS could contribute to promoting people's positive health behavior. Afterwards, collaborative information seeking systems are introduced, and future directions and conclusion are discussed.","PeriodicalId":269471,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Methodologies and Technologies in Medicine and Healthcare","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131365214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH329
Manuel Santos-Trigo, E. Suaste, Paola Figuerola
This chapter aims to analyze the extent to which medical practitioners incorporate the use of digital technologies into their practices. In this process, it is recognized that significant developments of technologies not only transform ways in which people interact and access to information to make decisions related to individual and social functioning but also influence and demand changes in professional practices. Nowadays, it is common that patients consult online information during their medical treatments. How do medical doctors develop an expertise in the use of digital technologies to fully incorporate them into their regular practices? The authors discuss the process in which medical practitioners get involved to transform an artifact (webpage, catheter, stent, etc.) into an instrument to treat a particular patient's health problem. To this end, they focus on the development of the practitioners' cognitive schemata to analyze and describe the main phases associated with the practitioner appropriation of the tool.
{"title":"Technology Design and Routes for Tool Appropriation in Medical Practices","authors":"Manuel Santos-Trigo, E. Suaste, Paola Figuerola","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH329","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter aims to analyze the extent to which medical practitioners incorporate the use of digital technologies into their practices. In this process, it is recognized that significant developments of technologies not only transform ways in which people interact and access to information to make decisions related to individual and social functioning but also influence and demand changes in professional practices. Nowadays, it is common that patients consult online information during their medical treatments. How do medical doctors develop an expertise in the use of digital technologies to fully incorporate them into their regular practices? The authors discuss the process in which medical practitioners get involved to transform an artifact (webpage, catheter, stent, etc.) into an instrument to treat a particular patient's health problem. To this end, they focus on the development of the practitioners' cognitive schemata to analyze and describe the main phases associated with the practitioner appropriation of the tool.","PeriodicalId":269471,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Methodologies and Technologies in Medicine and Healthcare","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115969539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7489-7.ch033
Sandip Bisui, S. Misra
This chapter discusses the issues and concerns related to the adoption of personalized medicine in modern healthcare system. In this chapter, the authors have elaborated the critical challenges while adopting this new medicare system. The changes required for this adoption have also been discussed by the authors. They have also give a glimpse of the critical success factors and consumer trust concerns along with the privacy and security threats for the successful adoption of personalized medicine system.
{"title":"Personalized Medicine","authors":"Sandip Bisui, S. Misra","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7489-7.ch033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7489-7.ch033","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the issues and concerns related to the adoption of personalized medicine in modern healthcare system. In this chapter, the authors have elaborated the critical challenges while adopting this new medicare system. The changes required for this adoption have also been discussed by the authors. They have also give a glimpse of the critical success factors and consumer trust concerns along with the privacy and security threats for the successful adoption of personalized medicine system.","PeriodicalId":269471,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Methodologies and Technologies in Medicine and Healthcare","volume":"14 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116730621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7489-7.CH030
Yvonne O’Connor, C. Heavin
There has been a surge of electronic health (e-health) technologies encompassing a range of services available to various stakeholders within the healthcare system in both developed and developing countries. As technology has evolved, the features and functionalities offered by e-health technologies have grown dramatically, leading to a proliferation of advanced technical solutions. As a result of this increased focus, various definitions for what constitutes the term e-health have emerged in the literature. This lack of consensus is further inhibited by a dearth of research documenting the characteristics (i.e., features and functionalities) of such e-health technologies. The authors propose to define and characterize the landscape of e-health technologies from an information systems (IS) perspective in this chapter. By examining existing literature and reviewing the market place, this study reveals that there is a need to integrate the various features and functions of e-health technologies, thereby arguing that integration and interoperability is important for the growth of e-health.
{"title":"Defining and Characterizing the Landscape of E-Health","authors":"Yvonne O’Connor, C. Heavin","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7489-7.CH030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7489-7.CH030","url":null,"abstract":"There has been a surge of electronic health (e-health) technologies encompassing a range of services available to various stakeholders within the healthcare system in both developed and developing countries. As technology has evolved, the features and functionalities offered by e-health technologies have grown dramatically, leading to a proliferation of advanced technical solutions. As a result of this increased focus, various definitions for what constitutes the term e-health have emerged in the literature. This lack of consensus is further inhibited by a dearth of research documenting the characteristics (i.e., features and functionalities) of such e-health technologies. The authors propose to define and characterize the landscape of e-health technologies from an information systems (IS) perspective in this chapter. By examining existing literature and reviewing the market place, this study reveals that there is a need to integrate the various features and functions of e-health technologies, thereby arguing that integration and interoperability is important for the growth of e-health.","PeriodicalId":269471,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Methodologies and Technologies in Medicine and Healthcare","volume":"162 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127325163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH322
A. Kolker
Staffing planning is paramount for cost-efficient workforce management. An accurate assessment of the required staffing level for the specific time period is an integral part of the hospital budgeting and planning process. Daily fluctuations of patient census create staffing planning challenges to many organizations. There is a growing trend for hospitals to use data analytics for determining the optimal staffing solutions. The dynamic nature of the staffing process creates two types of issues: (1) overstaffing vs. the planned budgeted level, which hurts operations margins, or (2) understaffing, which requires costly overtime and/or premium pay that also hurts margins and causes substandard quality of care. The goal of this chapter is providing an overview and examples of application of the methodology called the “newsvendor” framework. This methodology helps to develop the optimal nursing and other skill mix staffing solutions that minimize the total cost of over- and understaffing occurrences within the specified time period for the units with random patient census fluctuations.
{"title":"The Optimal Workforce Staffing Solutions With Random Patient Demand in Healthcare Settings","authors":"A. Kolker","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH322","url":null,"abstract":"Staffing planning is paramount for cost-efficient workforce management. An accurate assessment of the required staffing level for the specific time period is an integral part of the hospital budgeting and planning process. Daily fluctuations of patient census create staffing planning challenges to many organizations. There is a growing trend for hospitals to use data analytics for determining the optimal staffing solutions. The dynamic nature of the staffing process creates two types of issues: (1) overstaffing vs. the planned budgeted level, which hurts operations margins, or (2) understaffing, which requires costly overtime and/or premium pay that also hurts margins and causes substandard quality of care. The goal of this chapter is providing an overview and examples of application of the methodology called the “newsvendor” framework. This methodology helps to develop the optimal nursing and other skill mix staffing solutions that minimize the total cost of over- and understaffing occurrences within the specified time period for the units with random patient census fluctuations.","PeriodicalId":269471,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Methodologies and Technologies in Medicine and Healthcare","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127268380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7489-7.CH032
D. Politis, M. Tsalighopoulos, G. Kyriafinis
Medical practice is extensively using monitoring devices that are more or less invasive and immersive. For aural and oral communication these could be hearing aids, prosthetics, cochlear implants, or goggles detecting vestibular effects and vertigo. Recently, a wide variety of trendy mobile or wearable devices has been offered to the general public, provoking a frenzy for augmentation alongside the great expectations that the popularization of brain-computer interfaces has caused to both the consumer market and the scientific community. The use of bionic devices clinched with synapses of the nerves does not merely mingle input activity to brain activity, but also it provides a virtual channel for augmenting and manipulating speech communication, language communication, and even further, musical communication. The electromechanical parameters, the medical practices, and the learning potential for this new world of augmented human-computer interaction platforms and devices are examined under the prism of audio communication.
{"title":"Neuroscience Technology and Interfaces for Speech, Language, and Musical Communication","authors":"D. Politis, M. Tsalighopoulos, G. Kyriafinis","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7489-7.CH032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7489-7.CH032","url":null,"abstract":"Medical practice is extensively using monitoring devices that are more or less invasive and immersive. For aural and oral communication these could be hearing aids, prosthetics, cochlear implants, or goggles detecting vestibular effects and vertigo. Recently, a wide variety of trendy mobile or wearable devices has been offered to the general public, provoking a frenzy for augmentation alongside the great expectations that the popularization of brain-computer interfaces has caused to both the consumer market and the scientific community. The use of bionic devices clinched with synapses of the nerves does not merely mingle input activity to brain activity, but also it provides a virtual channel for augmenting and manipulating speech communication, language communication, and even further, musical communication. The electromechanical parameters, the medical practices, and the learning potential for this new world of augmented human-computer interaction platforms and devices are examined under the prism of audio communication.","PeriodicalId":269471,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Methodologies and Technologies in Medicine and Healthcare","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123202728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH041
S. Bhattacharya, A. Das
Genome-wide association study (GWAS) is a powerful method to understand the complex association of variant in gene and disease phenotype. With the approach of GWAS, the traditional “one gene to one disease” belief has been taken to another dimension where a rather complex scenario of many possible causal agent (polymorphisms) behind disease onset is explicitly explored. It also gives the liberty to monitor the difference at each point of DNA for each individual in the sample. GWAS is powered with genome mapping projects and depends on stringent statistical analysis that detects the association of polymorphisms to disease phenotype after comparing the samples collected from afflicted and un-afflicted population. However, this method also has its own limitations. But with careful experiment design and unbiased analysis this GWAS, in near future, will become a new edge technology to decipher the disease mechanism so that effective therapeutics, tailored for specific cases can be developed.
{"title":"GWAS as the Detective to Find Genetic Contribution in Diseases","authors":"S. Bhattacharya, A. Das","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH041","url":null,"abstract":"Genome-wide association study (GWAS) is a powerful method to understand the complex association of variant in gene and disease phenotype. With the approach of GWAS, the traditional “one gene to one disease” belief has been taken to another dimension where a rather complex scenario of many possible causal agent (polymorphisms) behind disease onset is explicitly explored. It also gives the liberty to monitor the difference at each point of DNA for each individual in the sample. GWAS is powered with genome mapping projects and depends on stringent statistical analysis that detects the association of polymorphisms to disease phenotype after comparing the samples collected from afflicted and un-afflicted population. However, this method also has its own limitations. But with careful experiment design and unbiased analysis this GWAS, in near future, will become a new edge technology to decipher the disease mechanism so that effective therapeutics, tailored for specific cases can be developed.","PeriodicalId":269471,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Methodologies and Technologies in Medicine and Healthcare","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132654922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH509
Indu Singh, A. Kundur, Yun-Mi Nguy
Recent advances in the field of digital technology have had a significant role in changing the concept of learning and teaching for both students and teachers. These developments have enabled educational systems to move from their traditional classroom-based teaching models to a more enhanced blended/e-learning approach including an array of electronic learning tools such as digital microscopy, electronic cell counter, 3D virtual reality, and demonstration videos. An integration of these digital tools along with contemporary face-to-face teaching can significantly improve student learning outcomes and provide convenient and flexible access to education and training. This model demonstrated a positive impact on laboratory-based courses such as Laboratory Medicine at Griffith University. The objective of this chapter is to highlight the impact and advantages of this particular model from the student- and teacher-based perspective. This chapter will also discuss some of the challenges of implementing this mode of teaching and provide future directions.
{"title":"Use of Technology in Problem-Based Learning in Health Science","authors":"Indu Singh, A. Kundur, Yun-Mi Nguy","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH509","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advances in the field of digital technology have had a significant role in changing the concept of learning and teaching for both students and teachers. These developments have enabled educational systems to move from their traditional classroom-based teaching models to a more enhanced blended/e-learning approach including an array of electronic learning tools such as digital microscopy, electronic cell counter, 3D virtual reality, and demonstration videos. An integration of these digital tools along with contemporary face-to-face teaching can significantly improve student learning outcomes and provide convenient and flexible access to education and training. This model demonstrated a positive impact on laboratory-based courses such as Laboratory Medicine at Griffith University. The objective of this chapter is to highlight the impact and advantages of this particular model from the student- and teacher-based perspective. This chapter will also discuss some of the challenges of implementing this mode of teaching and provide future directions.","PeriodicalId":269471,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Methodologies and Technologies in Medicine and Healthcare","volume":"196 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116111782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH320
Ljubica Dikovic
This chapter shows how the internet of things (IoT) can be applied for various purposes in the healthcare domain. The functioning of this concept has enabled the collection of a number of technologies in the field of telecommunications, information technology, electronics, and social sciences. M-health as a part of e-health could be defined as synergistic solution of mobile computing, medical sensor, and communications technologies for healthcare, whose common goal is wirelessly monitoring the psycho-physical state of health or remote patient monitoring. This concept represents the evolution of e-health systems to wireless and mobile configurations. This chapter aims to provide a comprehensive review of recent solutions as well as possible future implementations from the m-health perspective. Further developments in wireless communications and configurations will have a huge impact on future healthcare delivery systems.
{"title":"Internet of Things Applications for Healthcare","authors":"Ljubica Dikovic","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH320","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter shows how the internet of things (IoT) can be applied for various purposes in the healthcare domain. The functioning of this concept has enabled the collection of a number of technologies in the field of telecommunications, information technology, electronics, and social sciences. M-health as a part of e-health could be defined as synergistic solution of mobile computing, medical sensor, and communications technologies for healthcare, whose common goal is wirelessly monitoring the psycho-physical state of health or remote patient monitoring. This concept represents the evolution of e-health systems to wireless and mobile configurations. This chapter aims to provide a comprehensive review of recent solutions as well as possible future implementations from the m-health perspective. Further developments in wireless communications and configurations will have a huge impact on future healthcare delivery systems.","PeriodicalId":269471,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Methodologies and Technologies in Medicine and Healthcare","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125407108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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