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2020 International Symposium on Semiconductor Manufacturing (ISSM)最新文献

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Minimization of CNN Training Data by using Data Augmentation for Inline Defect Classification 基于数据增强的CNN训练数据最小化内联缺陷分类
Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.1109/ISSM51728.2020.9377504
Akihiro Fujishiro, Yoshikazu Nagamura, Tatsuya Usami, Masao Inoue
Detecting the defects in silicon wafers generated by semiconductor manufacturing is essential for quality assurance, and requires the acquisition and accurate classification of high-resolution images by scanning electron microscopy. However, owing to the difficulty of automation, the classification process is costly and its efficiency must be improved. To improve the classification accuracy and the cost of creating a classifier, which are the main bottlenecks of conventional technology, we propose a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) based on the VGG16 architecture, and perform appropriate data augmentations on training images. The CNN was successfully trained on a very small number of images, and achieved high defect classification accuracy.
检测由半导体制造产生的硅片缺陷对于保证质量至关重要,并且需要通过扫描电子显微镜获取和准确分类高分辨率图像。然而,由于难以实现自动化,分类过程成本高,效率有待提高。为了提高分类精度和分类器创建成本这一传统技术的主要瓶颈,我们提出了一种基于VGG16架构的深度卷积神经网络(CNN),并对训练图像进行适当的数据增强。CNN在非常少的图像上成功训练,并取得了很高的缺陷分类准确率。
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引用次数: 4
High- Throughput Direct Adaptive Imaging System with Novel Measurement Tool for Heterogeneous Integration 具有异质集成新型测量工具的高通量直接自适应成像系统
Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.1109/ISSM51728.2020.9377529
S. Majima, A. Hatano, S. Takada
Demand of heterogeneous integration has increased for high-performance computing devices, utilizing panel level packaging and high-resolution lithography. We have developed a flexible direct imaging tool and a high-speed chip position measurement tool for Fan-Out Panel Level Packaging (FO-PLP). The imaging tool is capable of 2/2μm Line/Space resolution, chip displacement exposure compensation and includes an Auto-Wiring function which can expose patterns to connect individual chips independent of position displacement. With measurement tool throughput of 30 Panel Per Hour (PPH), the combination of these tools enables high-throughput adaptive patterning for cost effective heterogeneous integration.
利用面板级封装和高分辨率光刻技术的高性能计算设备对异构集成的需求有所增加。我们开发了一种灵活的直接成像工具和高速芯片位置测量工具,用于扇出面板级封装(FO-PLP)。该成像工具具有2/2μm的线/空间分辨率,芯片位移曝光补偿,并包括一个自动布线功能,可以暴露模式,以连接独立于位置位移的单个芯片。测量工具的吞吐量为每小时30个面板(PPH),这些工具的组合可以实现高通量自适应模式,从而实现具有成本效益的异构集成。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Visualized Complex Reaction Network in Low- Temperature Molecular Plasma 低温分子等离子体中可视化复杂反应网络的分析
Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.1109/ISSM51728.2020.9377518
O. Sakai, Y. Mizui, Kyosuke Nobuto, S. Miyagi
It is quite frequent that a factorial fabrication process includes very complex systems, leading to difficulties in its regulation, estimation and prediction. To overcome these difficulties, causality in the complex systems is a key issue, which has not been frequently stressed but is of importance for effective performance of machine learning. One of the examples with such complexity is plasma and its chemistry, where they are in processes of dry etching and plasma chemical vapor deposition. So far, we successfully visualized the complexities using graphs or networks, where nodes represent elements and edges imply interactions between them. In this study, focusing on silane (SiH4) and methane (CH4) low-temperature molecular plasma chemistry, we clarify roles of species in the chemical reaction network, like reactants, intermediates and products, where a species is a node in this species network and a reactant-product pair is an edge. This distinction is straightforward for selection of reactants as input and products as output variables. We also show and discuss another network, reaction network, in which a reactant-product pair is an edge and its size is so huge that its network statistics is categorized by complex network science. By visualizing and analyzing a complex chemical reaction network in molecular plasma, we obtain useful information for parameter regulation in real processes and also identification of input/output variables for machine learning of a given process.
析因制造过程通常包含非常复杂的系统,这给其调节、估计和预测带来了困难。为了克服这些困难,复杂系统中的因果关系是一个关键问题,它没有经常被强调,但对机器学习的有效性能很重要。其中一个复杂的例子是等离子体及其化学,它们处于干蚀刻和等离子体化学气相沉积的过程中。到目前为止,我们使用图或网络成功地可视化了复杂性,其中节点表示元素,边表示元素之间的交互。本研究以硅烷(SiH4)和甲烷(CH4)低温分子等离子体化学为重点,明确了物质在化学反应网络中的作用,如反应物、中间体和产物,其中一个物质是该物质网络中的节点,反应物-产物对是边缘。这种区别对于选择作为输入的反应物和作为输出变量的生成物是很简单的。我们还展示和讨论了另一个网络,反应网络,其中反应物-产物对是一个边缘,它的大小是如此之大,以至于它的网络统计被复杂的网络科学分类。通过对分子等离子体中复杂化学反应网络的可视化和分析,我们获得了实际过程中参数调节的有用信息,也为给定过程的机器学习识别输入/输出变量。
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引用次数: 0
A New Smart-MicroSystems Age Enabled by Heterogeneous Integration of Silicon-Centric and AI Technologies-My Personal View 一个新的智能微系统时代由硅中心和人工智能技术的异构集成实现-我的个人观点
Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.1109/ISSM51728.2020.9377502
Nicky Lu
After 60 years of development efforts since the 1960s to the current Giga-/Tera-Scale-Integration or System-on-a-Chip era [1]–[3], it is expected that Monolithic Silicon IC products using 2-nm CMOS devices will appear soon. The subsequent challenge is whether more novel device structures using heterogeneous materials and 3D-structures will be invented to realize manufacturable 1-nm ICs. On the other hand, through 20 years of efforts since 1999, many Heterogeneous Integration (HI) [4]–[6] products, each of which is composed of silicon and non-silicon materials/ dice/chiplets, diversified devices/circuits, innovative architectures and multi-dimensional arrangements of dice and other components inside either Chip-package or Module, have been increasingly emerging, especially recently benefiting from a strong driving force stimulated by the IEEE HI Roadmap unveiled in 2018 [5]. This paper presents an exciting, powerful and new Trend of Semiconductors, Intelligent Grand Scale Integration (IGSI), which is optimally utilizing Mixed Integration of Monolithic and HI Technologies (Si-4.0 [6]) with embedded 3A's (Algorithm, Architecture and AI) Design-Intelligences. A key target of IGSI technologies is to drive much higher energy efficiency of managing electronic information for more-effective/ intelligent future systems with better performance, lower power, higher reliability and smaller form-factor than those of our current systems. One effective way as proposed is to network multiple Self-Smart MicroSystems (S-SmS) each of which is designed with 3A's to a complete system level which can handle huge data processing smartly in its own compact multi-dimensional form factor like in a versatile solid-state micro-universe which has abundant self-contained intelligent functions with maximized speed-power efficiency due to close proximity of electronic/photonic/ micro-mechanical operations. It is projected that in such an S-SmS each Joule (energy unit) be able to operate more than 10^20 devices per die per joule allowed by thermodynamics (on the other hand, its performance can reach over hundreds of thousands of TOPS - Tera Operations Per Second) inside and/or across these MicroSystems to complete the final system need. Then how powerful a future system can be by networking enough S-SmS units and furthermore how many unprecedented and unexpected applications will be unleashed! To use AI computing systems as an example, it is expected that S-SmS be quickly applied to AI's edge, device or wearable applications. Moreover, just like the experiences of migrating from a Mainframe computer to networked PC Servers, Data servers used in AI Clouds may use such a networked S-SmS architecture to build large systems in order to optimize the energy efficiency and heat dissipation. The trend equally adds values to system's transformation and optimization in Autonomous Car areas, Industrial 4.0 Factory areas, Telecommunication and Computing areas and so forth.
从20世纪60年代开始,经过60年的发展努力,到目前的千兆/太兆级集成或片上系统时代[1]-[3],预计使用2纳米CMOS器件的单片硅集成电路产品将很快出现。接下来的挑战是是否会发明更多使用异质材料和3d结构的新颖器件结构来实现可制造的1nm集成电路。另一方面,自1999年以来,经过20年的努力,许多异构集成(HI)[4] -[6]产品不断涌现,其中每个产品都由硅和非硅材料/骰子/小芯片,多样化的器件/电路,创新的架构以及骰子和芯片封装或模块内其他组件的多维排列组成,特别是最近受益于2018年公布的IEEE HI路线图的强大推动力[5]。本文提出了一个令人兴奋的、强大的半导体智能大规模集成(IGSI)的新趋势,它最佳地利用了单片和HI技术(Si-4.0[6])与嵌入式3A(算法、架构和人工智能)设计智能的混合集成。IGSI技术的一个关键目标是推动管理电子信息的更高能源效率,为更有效/智能的未来系统提供更好的性能、更低的功耗、更高的可靠性和更小的外形因素,而不是我们目前的系统。提出的一种有效方法是将多个自我智能微系统(S-SmS)联网,每个系统都采用3A设计到一个完整的系统级别,可以在其自身紧凑的多维形状因素中智能地处理大量数据处理,就像在一个多功能的固态微宇宙中一样,它具有丰富的自包含智能功能,并且由于接近电子/光子/微机械操作而具有最大的速度-功率效率。预计在这样的S-SmS中,每焦耳(能量单位)能够在热力学允许的每焦耳中运行超过10^20个器件(另一方面,它的性能可以达到每秒数十万TOPS - Tera操作),以完成这些微系统内部和/或跨这些微系统,以完成最终的系统需求。那么,通过将足够多的S-SmS单元联网,未来的系统将变得多么强大,而且将释放出多少前所未有的和意想不到的应用程序!以人工智能计算系统为例,预计S-SmS将迅速应用于人工智能的边缘、设备或可穿戴应用。此外,就像从大型机迁移到联网PC服务器的体验一样,AI云中使用的数据服务器可能会使用这种联网的S-SmS架构来构建大型系统,以优化能效和散热。这一趋势同样为自动驾驶汽车领域、工业4.0工厂领域、电信和计算领域等系统的转型和优化增加了价值。
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引用次数: 0
ISSM 2020 Committee ISSM 2020委员会
Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.1109/issm51728.2020.9377519
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引用次数: 0
Predicting and considering properties of general polymers using incomplete dataset 利用不完全数据集预测和考虑一般聚合物的性质
Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.1109/ISSM51728.2020.9377497
Hitoshi Yamano, Hiroaki Shimizu, S. Kanaya, Tomoyuki Miyao, Aki Hirai, N. Ono
Polymer properties are usually more difficult to predict than those of small molecules due to them forming superstructures. In this work, we aimed at finding a versatile approach to predict multiple polymer properties using imperfect data with missing values. The dataset was hierarchically clustered on the basis of two independent factors: polymer properties and polymer structures. In polymer property-based clustering, visualizing relations of polymers was found to be an effective way of estimating the difficulty of polymer property prediction. In polymer structure-based clustering, each cluster could be formed based on the structural features. Thus, the clustering contributed to understanding structural characteristics of monomer unit structures. In addition to analyzing the data set in an unsupervised manner, we constructed polymer properties prediction models based solely on the information of monomer unit structures. Partial least squared (PLS) regression models could predict density, glass transition temperature and dissolution parameter with high accuracy. We also propose approach to evaluate obtained model using data already prepared.
聚合物的性质通常比小分子更难预测,因为它们形成超结构。在这项工作中,我们的目标是找到一种通用的方法来预测多种聚合物的性质,使用缺失值的不完美数据。基于两个独立的因素:聚合物性质和聚合物结构,对数据集进行分层聚类。在基于聚合物性能的聚类中,聚合物的可视化关系是估计聚合物性能预测难度的有效方法。在基于聚合物结构的聚类中,可以根据聚合物的结构特征来形成簇。因此,聚类有助于理解单体单元结构的结构特征。除了以无监督的方式分析数据集外,我们还构建了仅基于单体单元结构信息的聚合物性能预测模型。偏最小二乘(PLS)回归模型可以较准确地预测密度、玻璃化转变温度和溶解参数。我们还提出了利用已经准备好的数据来评估得到的模型的方法。
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引用次数: 1
Ageing Monitoring of GaN Transistors using Recurrent Neural Networks 基于递归神经网络的GaN晶体管老化监测
Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.1109/ISSM51728.2020.9377507
F. Chalvin, Y. Miyamae, K. Sakamoto
In this paper we propose a method to track the degradation of GaN transistors during high temperature switching operation. Using a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) based recurrent neural network (RNN) encoder decoder architecture we are able to determine whether the device is still working normally or if its behavior changed compared to the initial one.
本文提出了一种跟踪氮化镓晶体管在高温开关过程中退化的方法。使用基于长短期记忆(LSTM)的循环神经网络(RNN)编码器解码器架构,我们能够确定设备是否仍然正常工作,或者其行为是否与初始设备相比发生了变化。
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引用次数: 0
AlN filler for high thermal conductive resin materials 用于高导热树脂材料的AlN填料
Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.1109/ISSM51728.2020.9377531
Y. Inaki, Hisamori Inagawa, S. Fujii, I. Masada, T. Nawata, Y. Kanechika
Aluminum nitride (AlN) powder has has high thermal conductivity and is expected as filler for heat dissipation materials. Fine AlN powder after removing coarse particles by classification is well dispersed into resin, and it is possible to achieve high filling rate and high thermal conductivity. Further by improving the affinity to the resin by surface treatment, voids at interface between AlN particles and resin would decrease, and thus AlN in cured resin composite is hardly hydrolyzed. Classification and surface treatment can improve the filling property of AlN into resin and increase the reliability of the resin materials containing AlN.
氮化铝(AlN)粉具有较高的导热性,是一种理想的散热材料填料。细AlN粉经分级去除粗颗粒后分散到树脂中,可实现高填充率和高导热性。此外,通过表面处理提高对树脂的亲和力,可以减少AlN颗粒与树脂界面的空隙,从而使固化树脂复合材料中的AlN几乎不被水解。分级和表面处理可以改善AlN在树脂中的填充性能,提高含AlN树脂材料的可靠性。
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引用次数: 1
Impact of precise temperature control for 4H-SiC epitaxy on large diameter wafers 精密温度控制对大直径4H-SiC晶圆外延的影响
Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.1109/ISSM51728.2020.9377514
Y. Daigo, Toru Watanabe, A. Ishiguro, S. Ishii, M. Kushibe, Yoshikazu Moriyama
Homo-epitaxial 4H-SiC films were grown using high speed wafer rotation vertical CVD method, and the correlation between repeatability of the film properties and wafer temperature which is directly monitored by pyrometers was investigated. When the single zone control of the wafer temperature was performed, a large fluctuation of the thickness and doping concentration was observed in iteration of the epitaxial growth. This fluctuation of the thickness and doping concentration corresponded to that of the temperature distribution on wafers, although no significant fluctuation of apparent power introduced to the heaters was observed. On the other hand, when the double zone control of the wafer temperature was performed, the fluctuation of the thickness, doping concentration and temperature distribution was considerably decreased. The large fluctuation of the temperature distribution by the single zone control seems to be due to the variation of the crystalline quality of the 4H-SiC wafers.
采用高速晶圆旋转垂直CVD法制备了均匀外延4H-SiC薄膜,研究了薄膜性能的重复性与高温计直接监测的晶圆温度的相关性。当晶圆温度单区控制时,在外延生长的迭代过程中,可以观察到厚度和掺杂浓度的较大波动。这种厚度和掺杂浓度的波动与晶圆片上的温度分布相对应,尽管没有观察到引入加热器的视在功率的显著波动。另一方面,当晶圆温度进行双区控制时,厚度、掺杂浓度和温度分布的波动都大大减小。单区控制下温度分布的大波动似乎是由于4H-SiC晶圆的结晶质量变化所致。
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引用次数: 1
Taking Engineering Automation to the Next Level with Artificial Intelligence 用人工智能将工程自动化提升到一个新的水平
Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.1109/ISSM51728.2020.9377508
Peter Barar, K. K. Gan, Joe Lee
The evolution in manufacturing automation has helped manufacturers across all industries to become more efficient and profitable. Today, it is expected that many operations within a modern production plant to include some level of automation to drive production efficiency and to reduce human errors. As we step into the era of smart manufacturing, this expectation will continue to grow, not only in the scope of automation, but also its sophistication. With key enabling technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), engineering applications on the factory floor are becoming more intelligent and autonomous. This paper highlights examples in the semiconductor manufacturing industry on how AI can further push the envelope in automation allowing manufacturers to achieve results faster and be even more efficient in process control.
制造业自动化的发展已经帮助所有行业的制造商变得更加高效和盈利。今天,人们期望现代化生产工厂中的许多操作都包括一定程度的自动化,以提高生产效率并减少人为错误。随着我们步入智能制造时代,这种期望将继续增长,不仅在自动化的范围内,而且在其复杂性方面。随着人工智能(AI)等关键使能技术的发展,工厂车间的工程应用正变得更加智能和自主。本文重点介绍了半导体制造行业的例子,说明人工智能如何进一步推动自动化,使制造商能够更快地实现结果,并在过程控制方面更有效。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2020 International Symposium on Semiconductor Manufacturing (ISSM)
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