Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22259/2638-5201.0301005
L. Steiner, Z. Cernovsky
{"title":"Convergent Validity of Leon Steiner's Measure of Driving Phobia","authors":"L. Steiner, Z. Cernovsky","doi":"10.22259/2638-5201.0301005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22259/2638-5201.0301005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270484,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127122891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22259/2638-5201.0301001
Z. Cernovsky, J. Mendonça, Jack Remo Ferrari
{"title":"Meta-Analysis of SIMS Scores of Survivors of Car Accidents and of Instructed Malingerers","authors":"Z. Cernovsky, J. Mendonça, Jack Remo Ferrari","doi":"10.22259/2638-5201.0301001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22259/2638-5201.0301001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270484,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127824152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22259/2638-5201.0201011
Zack Zdenek Cernovsky, John Jack Remo Ferrari, James Dominic Mendonca
Background: The Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS) is a widely used test allegedly designed for detection of malingering medical symptomatology. Even a brief perusal of its 75 True-False items reveals that too many of these list legitimate medical symptoms, in particular, symptoms within the postconcussion-whiplash spectrum, as experienced by survivors of motor vehicle accidents (MVAs). The present study examined conceptual overlap of SIMS items with symptoms assessed by the Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire and also with symptoms assessed by the scale of Post-MVA Neurological Symptoms (PMNS). Materials and Method: De-identified archival data of 98 patients (mean age 42.2 years, SD=14.3, 38 males, 60 females) containing scores on Rivermead and PMNS were tabulated to list frequencies of each endorsed symptom. Next to these symptoms, SIMS items were tabulated which conceptually overlap with legitimate postconcussive or post-whiplash neuropsychological signs listed in Rivermead and PMNS. Results: More than a half of the 75 SIMS items could be potentially endorsed by post-MVA patients due to their neuropsychological symptoms, without any intent to malinger. Each of the SIMS items counts one point towards a cutoff point of > 14: thus, the majority of post-MVA patients are likely to be misclassified by SIMS as malingerers. Many of the other remaining SIMS items could be endorsed by non-malingering patients with some other medical conditions such as acute schizophrenia, or low intelligence, etc. Almost no SIMS items appear suited to reliably differentiate malingerers from legitimate medical patients. Discussion and Conclusions: A thorough review of all 75 SIMS items suggests that most of them would not adequately differentiate non-malingering persons from malingerers: the items were included in the SIMS without their author’s sufficient knowledge of the wide range of possible psychopathology and of other medical conditions. This is consistent with the lack of satisfactorily designed validation studies of the SIMS that would meet standards of the American Psychological Association for tests meant to perform diagnostic tasks. The rates of false positive with SIMS are unacceptably high: clinical use of SIMS implies malpractice.
{"title":"Pseudodiagnoses of Malingering of Neuropsychological Symptoms in Survivors of Car Accidents by the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology","authors":"Zack Zdenek Cernovsky, John Jack Remo Ferrari, James Dominic Mendonca","doi":"10.22259/2638-5201.0201011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22259/2638-5201.0201011","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS) is a widely used test allegedly designed for detection of malingering medical symptomatology. Even a brief perusal of its 75 True-False items reveals that too many of these list legitimate medical symptoms, in particular, symptoms within the postconcussion-whiplash spectrum, as experienced by survivors of motor vehicle accidents (MVAs). The present study examined conceptual overlap of SIMS items with symptoms assessed by the Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire and also with symptoms assessed by the scale of Post-MVA Neurological Symptoms (PMNS). Materials and Method: De-identified archival data of 98 patients (mean age 42.2 years, SD=14.3, 38 males, 60 females) containing scores on Rivermead and PMNS were tabulated to list frequencies of each endorsed symptom. Next to these symptoms, SIMS items were tabulated which conceptually overlap with legitimate postconcussive or post-whiplash neuropsychological signs listed in Rivermead and PMNS. Results: More than a half of the 75 SIMS items could be potentially endorsed by post-MVA patients due to their neuropsychological symptoms, without any intent to malinger. Each of the SIMS items counts one point towards a cutoff point of > 14: thus, the majority of post-MVA patients are likely to be misclassified by SIMS as malingerers. Many of the other remaining SIMS items could be endorsed by non-malingering patients with some other medical conditions such as acute schizophrenia, or low intelligence, etc. Almost no SIMS items appear suited to reliably differentiate malingerers from legitimate medical patients. Discussion and Conclusions: A thorough review of all 75 SIMS items suggests that most of them would not adequately differentiate non-malingering persons from malingerers: the items were included in the SIMS without their author’s sufficient knowledge of the wide range of possible psychopathology and of other medical conditions. This is consistent with the lack of satisfactorily designed validation studies of the SIMS that would meet standards of the American Psychological Association for tests meant to perform diagnostic tasks. The rates of false positive with SIMS are unacceptably high: clinical use of SIMS implies malpractice.","PeriodicalId":270484,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114401897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22259/2638-5201.0401002
Z. Cernovsky, L. Litman, S. Mann, L. Kola Oyewumi, Y. Bureau, J. Mendonça, D. Diamond, H. Raheb
{"title":"Validation of the Subjective Neuropsychological Symptoms Scale (SNPSS) in Injured Motorists","authors":"Z. Cernovsky, L. Litman, S. Mann, L. Kola Oyewumi, Y. Bureau, J. Mendonça, D. Diamond, H. Raheb","doi":"10.22259/2638-5201.0401002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22259/2638-5201.0401002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270484,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116221161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22259/2638-5201.0401003
Z. Cernovsky, S. Mann, V. Velamoor, L. Kola Oyewumi, D. Diamond, L. Litman
{"title":"Validation of the Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ) on Patients Injured in High Impact Car Accidents","authors":"Z. Cernovsky, S. Mann, V. Velamoor, L. Kola Oyewumi, D. Diamond, L. Litman","doi":"10.22259/2638-5201.0401003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22259/2638-5201.0401003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270484,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"54 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120997510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22259/2638-5201.0201005
R. Elias, Maria Raheb, M. Istasy, David Mekhaiel, G. Sidhu, Deborah Warren, Z. Cernovsky, Gamal Sadek
{"title":"Knowledge of Cannabinoids among Patients, Physicians, and Pharmacists","authors":"R. Elias, Maria Raheb, M. Istasy, David Mekhaiel, G. Sidhu, Deborah Warren, Z. Cernovsky, Gamal Sadek","doi":"10.22259/2638-5201.0201005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22259/2638-5201.0201005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270484,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121208152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22259/2638-5201.0401005
Siniša Franjić
{"title":"Frequent Alcohol Consumption Can Have Detrimental Health Consequences","authors":"Siniša Franjić","doi":"10.22259/2638-5201.0401005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22259/2638-5201.0401005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270484,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116996416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22259/2638-5201.0102006
D. Iqbal
{"title":"Book Review 'Kejayaan Lebih Mudah Daripada Kegagalan' (Malay Version)","authors":"D. Iqbal","doi":"10.22259/2638-5201.0102006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22259/2638-5201.0102006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270484,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134139943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22259/2638-5201.0101004
H. Bando
Drastic changes in the world have brought people unstable health states, and various stressors have always influenced the personality in people. From a psychological and ethical point of view, ego means consciousness about empirical individuality and a conscious personality that keeps contact with the reality and mediates id and super ego. In transactional analysis (TA), 3 egos (personality) are suggested to exist in a human, which are parent’s ego (P), adult’s ego (A), and child’s ego (C). Based on the theory of Berne and Dusay, transitional analysis and phycological test, egogram has been originated and used widely in medical, clinical, educational and social fields. It has 5 factors, which are Critical Parent (CP), Nurturing Parent (NP), Adult (A), Free Child (FC), Adapted Child (AC). Based on the principle of egogram, Tokyo University Egogram (TEG) was developed and standardized by sufficient statistical investigation. Furthermore, there are related research for egogram and psychosomatic medicine, hypertension, oral malodor, donors for organ transplantation, stress medicine, mental health, music therapy, education, business and so on. Consequently, egogram, TEG and TA have been helpful method to evaluate, investigate and treat for various psychological situation.
世界的剧烈变化给人们带来了不稳定的健康状态，各种压力源一直影响着人们的性格。从心理学和伦理学的角度来看，自我意味着对经验个性的意识，以及与现实保持联系并调解本我和超我的有意识人格。在交易分析(TA)中，提出了人的三个自我(人格)，即父母的自我(P)、成人的自我(a)和儿童的自我(C)。基于Berne和Dusay的理论、过渡分析和生理测试，自我图在医学、临床、教育和社会等领域得到了广泛的应用。它有5个因素，即关键父母(CP)、养育父母(NP)、成人(A)、自由儿童(FC)、适应儿童(AC)。东京大学自我表(Tokyo University egogram, TEG)是在自我表原理的基础上，经过充分的统计调查，开发并规范的。此外，还有自我与心身医学、高血压、口腔异味、器官移植供体、应激医学、心理健康、音乐治疗、教育、商业等方面的相关研究。因此，自我图、TEG和TA已成为评价、调查和治疗各种心理状况的有效方法。
{"title":"Psychological study of egogram can be helpful medically and socially for better life","authors":"H. Bando","doi":"10.22259/2638-5201.0101004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22259/2638-5201.0101004","url":null,"abstract":"Drastic changes in the world have brought people unstable health states, and various stressors have always influenced the personality in people. From a psychological and ethical point of view, ego means consciousness about empirical individuality and a conscious personality that keeps contact with the reality and mediates id and super ego. In transactional analysis (TA), 3 egos (personality) are suggested to exist in a human, which are parent’s ego (P), adult’s ego (A), and child’s ego (C). Based on the theory of Berne and Dusay, transitional analysis and phycological test, egogram has been originated and used widely in medical, clinical, educational and social fields. It has 5 factors, which are Critical Parent (CP), Nurturing Parent (NP), Adult (A), Free Child (FC), Adapted Child (AC). Based on the principle of egogram, Tokyo University Egogram (TEG) was developed and standardized by sufficient statistical investigation. Furthermore, there are related research for egogram and psychosomatic medicine, hypertension, oral malodor, donors for organ transplantation, stress medicine, mental health, music therapy, education, business and so on. Consequently, egogram, TEG and TA have been helpful method to evaluate, investigate and treat for various psychological situation.","PeriodicalId":270484,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121202442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22259/2638-5201.0102004
Paul Istasy, Z. Cernovsky, Y. Bureau, S. Chiu
{"title":"Self-Reported Clinical Correlates of Insomnia","authors":"Paul Istasy, Z. Cernovsky, Y. Bureau, S. Chiu","doi":"10.22259/2638-5201.0102004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22259/2638-5201.0102004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270484,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115391647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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