Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22259/2638-5201.0201009
Z. Cernovsky, J. Ferrari, J. Mendonça
This article provides illustrative case histories of patients with legitimate neuropsychological symptoms after their motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) who had been rejected as malingerers by the psychologist contracted by the car insurance company. The psychologist ignored the physical facts of the MVA (such as repeated major impacts) to instead blindly rely on the patient’s scores on the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS). The SIMS was never properly validated on patients with neuropsychological symptoms such as the post-concussion syndrome or on patients with well documented causes of chronic pain: the test has scientifically very inept rates of false positives, i.e., of patients with legitimate symptoms falsely classified as malingerers. The SIMS contains many items inquiring about impaired sleep, depressive feelings, impaired memory or concentration, and other typical post-MVA neuropsychological symptoms such as tinnitus or impaired balance. That is, these items describe what is clinically known to be legitimate typical post-MVA symptoms: in an absurd manner, the endorsement of these SIMS items counts as “malingering” and alone causes the post-MVA patients to accumulate a score above the SIMS cut-off point of > 14, thus misclassifying them as malingerers. The more of these symptoms are experienced by the patient, the more likely is he or she to be classified as a malingerer.
{"title":"Deceptive Clinical Diagnosing of Malingering via Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology","authors":"Z. Cernovsky, J. Ferrari, J. Mendonça","doi":"10.22259/2638-5201.0201009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22259/2638-5201.0201009","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides illustrative case histories of patients with legitimate neuropsychological symptoms after their motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) who had been rejected as malingerers by the psychologist contracted by the car insurance company. The psychologist ignored the physical facts of the MVA (such as repeated major impacts) to instead blindly rely on the patient’s scores on the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS). The SIMS was never properly validated on patients with neuropsychological symptoms such as the post-concussion syndrome or on patients with well documented causes of chronic pain: the test has scientifically very inept rates of false positives, i.e., of patients with legitimate symptoms falsely classified as malingerers. The SIMS contains many items inquiring about impaired sleep, depressive feelings, impaired memory or concentration, and other typical post-MVA neuropsychological symptoms such as tinnitus or impaired balance. That is, these items describe what is clinically known to be legitimate typical post-MVA symptoms: in an absurd manner, the endorsement of these SIMS items counts as “malingering” and alone causes the post-MVA patients to accumulate a score above the SIMS cut-off point of > 14, thus misclassifying them as malingerers. The more of these symptoms are experienced by the patient, the more likely is he or she to be classified as a malingerer.","PeriodicalId":270484,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122371737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22259/2638-5201.0202009
James F. Welles
{"title":"Legal Stupidity","authors":"James F. Welles","doi":"10.22259/2638-5201.0202009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22259/2638-5201.0202009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270484,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124394263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22259/2638-5201.0302001
D. Vm
{"title":"Should We Use Lithium in Older People Mood Disorders?","authors":"D. Vm","doi":"10.22259/2638-5201.0302001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22259/2638-5201.0302001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270484,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123645887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22259/2638-5201.0201003
S. Boltivets, Dennis Relojo
The study presents the interdependence of education and health, the impact of education on students’ health, in particular the emergence of school neurosis, which was accompanied by motor breakdown, uncontrolled hyperactivity with attention deficit syndrome. The method and results of the medical-psychophysiological examination of a student on the device Nexus 10 are presented. The psych-physiological results of simulation of five laboratory-created mental states are given: the calmness of a student who relaxes without any cognitive tasks; reading a poem by the student by heart from the school curriculum; the solution of the cognitive task, which is a distinction and classification of seven images in colour and form (stress test, singing the song verse, singing a song with a positive visual and acoustic accompaniment.) The medical and psychological data obtained in the course of the tests testify to the need for a harmonious combination of three components of psychophysiological functioning in the students’ learning, which include the modes of silence, speech and singing; which include the efficiency and versatility, comfort and access for all children regardless of the actual level of intellectual development and health. The research covers the psychophysiological effects of the methodology, the results of medical-psychological examinations, comparison and analysis of equipment parameters of the five psychophysiological states of the student, the main of which is silence, speaking and singing.
{"title":"Psychophysiology of Communication and Its Impact on Human Information Processing and Self-Regulation: A Case Study in Ukraine","authors":"S. Boltivets, Dennis Relojo","doi":"10.22259/2638-5201.0201003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22259/2638-5201.0201003","url":null,"abstract":"The study presents the interdependence of education and health, the impact of education on students’ health, in particular the emergence of school neurosis, which was accompanied by motor breakdown, uncontrolled hyperactivity with attention deficit syndrome. The method and results of the medical-psychophysiological examination of a student on the device Nexus 10 are presented. The psych-physiological results of simulation of five laboratory-created mental states are given: the calmness of a student who relaxes without any cognitive tasks; reading a poem by the student by heart from the school curriculum; the solution of the cognitive task, which is a distinction and classification of seven images in colour and form (stress test, singing the song verse, singing a song with a positive visual and acoustic accompaniment.) The medical and psychological data obtained in the course of the tests testify to the need for a harmonious combination of three components of psychophysiological functioning in the students’ learning, which include the modes of silence, speech and singing; which include the efficiency and versatility, comfort and access for all children regardless of the actual level of intellectual development and health. The research covers the psychophysiological effects of the methodology, the results of medical-psychological examinations, comparison and analysis of equipment parameters of the five psychophysiological states of the student, the main of which is silence, speaking and singing.","PeriodicalId":270484,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132815802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22259/2638-5201.0102002
K. Klostermann, T. Mignone, Emma Papagni
Family therapy can present unique challenges to therapists – clinically and ethically. Family members may have conflicting goals or secrets that have not been shared, but have serious implications for the family. Consequently, it is important for therapists to have a model for conceptualizing how to handle these complicated and often challenging situations. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide a simple ethical decision-making model which can taught to students and easily applied in practice.
{"title":"Ethical Decision Making in Marriage and Family Therapy: A Model for Supervisees","authors":"K. Klostermann, T. Mignone, Emma Papagni","doi":"10.22259/2638-5201.0102002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22259/2638-5201.0102002","url":null,"abstract":"Family therapy can present unique challenges to therapists – clinically and ethically. Family members may have conflicting goals or secrets that have not been shared, but have serious implications for the family. Consequently, it is important for therapists to have a model for conceptualizing how to handle these complicated and often challenging situations. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide a simple ethical decision-making model which can taught to students and easily applied in practice.","PeriodicalId":270484,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130946625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22259/2638-5201.0101009
Siniša Franjić
{"title":"The Phenomenology of Homicide","authors":"Siniša Franjić","doi":"10.22259/2638-5201.0101009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22259/2638-5201.0101009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270484,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134123470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22259/2638-5201.0101001
A. Magbri, Eussera El-Magbri, Mariam El-Magbri
The author discussed a case of pseudobulbar affect following a traumatic brain injury with weakness on the right side of the body in a middle aged man. The case highlighted the under-treatment and under-diagnosis of PBA in various neurological disorders and how familiarities with diagnosis and treatment of PBA can make a dramatic changes in patients’ lives. The author also discussed the pathophysiology and the treatment of the condition. Research into the pathophysiology of the disorder along with cognitive and drug treatment are desperately needed to understand this mysterious disorder.
{"title":"Pseudobulbar Affect: Mysterious Disorder and Bizarre Behavior","authors":"A. Magbri, Eussera El-Magbri, Mariam El-Magbri","doi":"10.22259/2638-5201.0101001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22259/2638-5201.0101001","url":null,"abstract":"The author discussed a case of pseudobulbar affect following a traumatic brain injury with weakness on the right side of the body in a middle aged man. The case highlighted the under-treatment and under-diagnosis of PBA in various neurological disorders and how familiarities with diagnosis and treatment of PBA can make a dramatic changes in patients’ lives. The author also discussed the pathophysiology and the treatment of the condition. Research into the pathophysiology of the disorder along with cognitive and drug treatment are desperately needed to understand this mysterious disorder.","PeriodicalId":270484,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122644382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22259/2638-5201.0301003
James Paul Whetstone, Z. Cernovsky, S. Tenenbaum, Gabriela Poggi, Andrew Sidhu, M. Istasy, Manfred Dreer
Background: Whetstone’s Vehicle Anxiety Questionnaire is a 31 item measure of driving anxiety (amaxophobia) as common in survivors of motor vehicle accidents (MVAs). Method: Scores on Whetstone’s questionnaire were available for 53 survivors of car accidents (mean age 40.2 years, SD=13.6, 15 men, 38 women). Their scores on the Driving Anxiety Questionnaire and on Steiner’s Automobile Anxiety Inventory were also available, as well as scores on measures of PTSD (PCL-5), and on scales of post-concussive and whiplash symptoms, pain, insomnia, depression, and anxiety. Whetstone’s scores were also available for 24 normal persons (mean age 51.7 years, SD=17.5, 14 men, 10 women) who were never injured in a serious car accident. Results and Discussion: With respect to criterion validity, Whetstone’s scores were significantly higher (r=.88) in the patients than in the controls. The highest Whetstone score of the controls was 19 and the lowest of the patients was 23: there was no overlap between the two groups. With respect to convergent validity, high correlations were found of Whetstone questionnaire to the Driving Anxiety Questionnaire (r=.80) and to the PCL-5 measure of PTSD symptoms (r=.78). Whetstone scores were found to be also highly correlated with the post-concussion syndrome (r=.63) and moderately with whiplash symptoms (r=.46), post-MVA insomnia (r=.56), ratings of post-MVA pain (rs ranging from .43 to .51), and ratings of depression (r=.40) and of generalized anxiety (r=.43). Significant correlation was also found of Whetstone to Steiner’s Automobile Anxiety Inventory (r=.45). Conclusion: The results indicate an excellent criterion validity and convergent validity of Whetstone’s Vehicle Anxiety Questionnaire as a clinical assessment tool for amaxophobia.
{"title":"Validation of James Whetstone's Measure of Amaxophobia","authors":"James Paul Whetstone, Z. Cernovsky, S. Tenenbaum, Gabriela Poggi, Andrew Sidhu, M. Istasy, Manfred Dreer","doi":"10.22259/2638-5201.0301003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22259/2638-5201.0301003","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Whetstone’s Vehicle Anxiety Questionnaire is a 31 item measure of driving anxiety (amaxophobia) as common in survivors of motor vehicle accidents (MVAs). Method: Scores on Whetstone’s questionnaire were available for 53 survivors of car accidents (mean age 40.2 years, SD=13.6, 15 men, 38 women). Their scores on the Driving Anxiety Questionnaire and on Steiner’s Automobile Anxiety Inventory were also available, as well as scores on measures of PTSD (PCL-5), and on scales of post-concussive and whiplash symptoms, pain, insomnia, depression, and anxiety. Whetstone’s scores were also available for 24 normal persons (mean age 51.7 years, SD=17.5, 14 men, 10 women) who were never injured in a serious car accident. Results and Discussion: With respect to criterion validity, Whetstone’s scores were significantly higher (r=.88) in the patients than in the controls. The highest Whetstone score of the controls was 19 and the lowest of the patients was 23: there was no overlap between the two groups. With respect to convergent validity, high correlations were found of Whetstone questionnaire to the Driving Anxiety Questionnaire (r=.80) and to the PCL-5 measure of PTSD symptoms (r=.78). Whetstone scores were found to be also highly correlated with the post-concussion syndrome (r=.63) and moderately with whiplash symptoms (r=.46), post-MVA insomnia (r=.56), ratings of post-MVA pain (rs ranging from .43 to .51), and ratings of depression (r=.40) and of generalized anxiety (r=.43). Significant correlation was also found of Whetstone to Steiner’s Automobile Anxiety Inventory (r=.45). Conclusion: The results indicate an excellent criterion validity and convergent validity of Whetstone’s Vehicle Anxiety Questionnaire as a clinical assessment tool for amaxophobia.","PeriodicalId":270484,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116893684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22259/2638-5201.0202006
G. Sidhu, Deborah Warren, Andrew Sidhu, K. Warren, Moira McDowall, Z. Cernovsky
{"title":"Bowel Dysfunction in Opiate Substitution Patients","authors":"G. Sidhu, Deborah Warren, Andrew Sidhu, K. Warren, Moira McDowall, Z. Cernovsky","doi":"10.22259/2638-5201.0202006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22259/2638-5201.0202006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270484,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116931194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22259/2638-5201.0201010
Zack Zdenek Cernovsky, Paul Victor Fayez Istasy, María Elena Hernández-Aguilar, Alejandro Mateos-Moreno, Y. Bureau, S. Chiu
{"title":"Quantifying Post-Accident Neurological Symptoms Other than Concussion","authors":"Zack Zdenek Cernovsky, Paul Victor Fayez Istasy, María Elena Hernández-Aguilar, Alejandro Mateos-Moreno, Y. Bureau, S. Chiu","doi":"10.22259/2638-5201.0201010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22259/2638-5201.0201010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270484,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences","volume":"410 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122928584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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