Pub Date : 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2026.123522
Luchao Yue, Yifan Dou, Lin Jiang, Sidan Peng, Ran Zhang, Bin Li, Jiahui Zhao, Yu Feng, Lixin Zhang, Ruina Shi, Imran Shakir, Wei Song, Guisheng Qi, Xuping Sun
Transition metal sulfides are highly attractive anodes for large-scale sodium ion batteries owing to their high theoretical capacity. However, their practical application is severely bottlenecked by sluggish sodiation kinetics, a fundamental limitation rooted in their inherently poor electronic/ionic conductivity. Herein, we present a strategy to engineer atomic-scale electric fields within FeS2 via nitrogen (N) doping, aiming to fundamentally accelerate Na+ transport as intrinsic ion accelerators. Theoretical calculations indicate that N incorporation induces charge redistribution, creating localized built-in electric fields that facilitate Na+ adsorption and reduce Na+ diffusion barriers within FeS2. Consequently, the N-FeS2@NC with optimal N doping content exhibits a high sodium storage capacity of 545 mAh g−1 at 1.0 A g−1 over 100 cycles. Even at 10.0 A g−1, it maintains a capacity of 354 mAh g−1 with outstanding long-term cyclability (205 mAh g −1 after 4000 cycles). This work establishes engineering atomic-scale electric fields for intrinsically enhancing ion kinetics, offering a versatile and powerful pathway for designing next-generation, ultra-fast energy storage materials.
{"title":"Constructing atomic-scale electric fields in nitrogen-doped FeS2 as intrinsic ion accelerators for sodium-ion batteries","authors":"Luchao Yue, Yifan Dou, Lin Jiang, Sidan Peng, Ran Zhang, Bin Li, Jiahui Zhao, Yu Feng, Lixin Zhang, Ruina Shi, Imran Shakir, Wei Song, Guisheng Qi, Xuping Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2026.123522","url":null,"abstract":"Transition metal sulfides are highly attractive anodes for large-scale sodium ion batteries owing to their high theoretical capacity. However, their practical application is severely bottlenecked by sluggish sodiation kinetics, a fundamental limitation rooted in their inherently poor electronic/ionic conductivity. Herein, we present a strategy to engineer atomic-scale electric fields within FeS<sub>2</sub> via nitrogen (N) doping, aiming to fundamentally accelerate Na<sup>+</sup> transport as intrinsic ion accelerators. Theoretical calculations indicate that N incorporation induces charge redistribution, creating localized built-in electric fields that facilitate Na<sup>+</sup> adsorption and reduce Na<sup>+</sup> diffusion barriers within FeS<sub>2</sub>. Consequently, the N-FeS<sub>2</sub>@NC with optimal N doping content exhibits a high sodium storage capacity of 545 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 1.0 A g<sup>−1</sup> over 100 cycles. Even at 10.0 A g<sup>−1</sup>, it maintains a capacity of 354 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> with outstanding long-term cyclability (205 mAh g <sup>−1</sup> after 4000 cycles). This work establishes engineering atomic-scale electric fields for intrinsically enhancing ion kinetics, offering a versatile and powerful pathway for designing next-generation, ultra-fast energy storage materials.","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146121906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2026.123523
Thomas Willms, Holger Kryk, Uwe Hampel
To date, the liquid phase oxidation of isobutane has not been comprehensively described in the literature, since the established kinetic models include either the effect of the initiator or the autocatalytic nature of the oxidation of isobutane, but not both. To overcome this deficiency, an extended kinetic model was developed and validated using experimental data from the literature. It enabled for the first time the distinction of three different processes: the oxidation of isobutane, the heterogeneous, unimolecular decomposition of tert-butyl hydroperoxide on the reactor wall and the homogeneous decomposition reactions of TBHP in solution. The rate constant of the heterogeneous unimolecular decomposition of TBHP on the wall surface of an untreated stainless-steel reactor, was found to be two to five times higher than that which was observed in a passivated steel reactor. However, similar values for the respective parameters describing the first-order decomposition of TBHP and the oxidation of isobutane were obtained in both reactors. In the non-passivated stainless-steel reactor, the second order decomposition of TBHP was absent. The results were compared with published data.
{"title":"Towards a deeper understanding of the oxidation of isobutane to tert-butyl hydroperoxide in the liquid phase by an extended kinetic model. Initiation by di-tert-butyl peroxide","authors":"Thomas Willms, Holger Kryk, Uwe Hampel","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2026.123523","url":null,"abstract":"To date, the liquid phase oxidation of isobutane has not been comprehensively described in the literature, since the established kinetic models include either the effect of the initiator or the autocatalytic nature of the oxidation of isobutane, but not both. To overcome this deficiency, an extended kinetic model was developed and validated using experimental data from the literature. It enabled for the first time the distinction of three different processes: the oxidation of isobutane, the heterogeneous, unimolecular decomposition of <em>tert</em>-butyl hydroperoxide on the reactor wall and the homogeneous decomposition reactions of TBHP in solution. The rate constant of the heterogeneous unimolecular decomposition of TBHP on the wall surface of an untreated stainless-steel reactor, was found to be two to five times higher than that which was observed in a passivated steel reactor. However, similar values for the respective parameters describing the first-order decomposition of TBHP and the oxidation of isobutane were obtained in both reactors. In the non-passivated stainless-steel reactor, the second order decomposition of TBHP was absent. The results were compared with published data.","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146135362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2026.123503
Kong Haowen, Wu Hong, Zhang Li, Wang Ping, Li Ruimeng
This study investigated the utilization of heterometals, such as Al, Fe, and Ti, inherent in fly ash in the synthesis of metal-doped MCM-41 molecular sieve for the efficient capture of low-concentration carbon dioxide (CO2). While active Si and Al components were extracted by an acid leaching-alkali fusion pretreatment process, the adsorbent was prepared using an in situ doping method, resulting in metal-doped MCM-41 with small grain sizes and ordered mesoporous channels. The distribution of metal heteroatoms was optimized by adjusting the synthesis pH. Al atoms were concentrated on the surface of the molecular sieve to form active sites, while Fe and Ti atoms were preferably incorporated into the bulk phase to regulate the pore structure. C10.5-M41, synthesized at pH 10.5, exhibited abundant surface acid-base sites and an increased pore size of 5.4 nm. In low-concentration CO2 adsorption tests, the material demonstrated adsorption capacities of 1.31 mmol/g at 25 °C and 1.06 mmol/g at 90 ℃. The adsorption capacity decreased by 38% at 90℃ with 8% water vapor. In addition, 90% of the adsorption capacity at 25 ℃ could be retained after ten regeneration cycles. Based on thermodynamic analysis, physical adsorption dominates at 25 ℃, while chemical adsorption is predominant at 90 ℃. The incorporation of metal ions into the framework increases the pore size of the adsorbent and reduces its internal transport resistance for CO2 gas. This study utilized heterometals inherent in fly ash as a resource and contributed to the design of high-capacity and thermally stable CO2 adsorbent materials.
{"title":"Low-concentration CO2 adsorption performance of MCM-41 molecular sieve doped with heterometals inherent in fly ash","authors":"Kong Haowen, Wu Hong, Zhang Li, Wang Ping, Li Ruimeng","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2026.123503","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the utilization of heterometals, such as Al, Fe, and Ti, inherent in fly ash in the synthesis of metal-doped MCM-41 molecular sieve for the efficient capture of low-concentration carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>). While active Si and Al components were extracted by an acid leaching-alkali fusion pretreatment process, the adsorbent was prepared using an <em>in situ</em> doping method, resulting in metal-doped MCM-41 with small grain sizes and ordered mesoporous channels. The distribution of metal heteroatoms was optimized by adjusting the synthesis pH. Al atoms were concentrated on the surface of the molecular sieve to form active sites, while Fe and Ti atoms were preferably incorporated into the bulk phase to regulate the pore structure. C10.5-M41, synthesized at pH 10.5, exhibited abundant surface acid-base sites and an increased pore size of 5.4 nm. In low-concentration CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption tests, the material demonstrated adsorption capacities of 1.31 mmol/g at 25 °C and 1.06 mmol/g at 90 ℃. The adsorption capacity decreased by 38% at 90℃ with 8% water vapor. In addition, 90% of the adsorption capacity at 25 ℃ could be retained after ten regeneration cycles. Based on thermodynamic analysis, physical adsorption dominates at 25 ℃, while chemical adsorption is predominant at 90 ℃. The incorporation of metal ions into the framework increases the pore size of the adsorbent and reduces its internal transport resistance for CO<sub>2</sub> gas. This study utilized heterometals inherent in fly ash as a resource and contributed to the design of high-capacity and thermally stable CO<sub>2</sub> adsorbent materials.","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cu-SSZ-13 catalysts have emerged as the most promising on-board catalysts in denitrification with NH3-SCR due to the exceptional hydrothermal stability and catalytic activity. In the work, as-prepared Ce0.075-Nb1.5%/Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst exhibited a significantly most excellent catalytic activity with good stability in the wider temperature range of 300 ℃ to 650 ℃, due to the synergistic effect of Ce and Nb. The results of XPS and H2-TPR indicated that the interaction between Ce and Nb alters the chemical environment of the active site Cu, resulting in a more stable CuO bond, which enhances the stability of the active Cu sites, which was verified by the analysis results of Materials Studio. The addition of Nb could lead to the increase of Ce3+/Ce4+ to improve the redox capacity of the catalyst. Moreover, the synergistic effect of Nb and Ce made few CuOx clusters formed and preserved a greater number of [Cu(OH)]+, which was impeded to migrate at high temperatures due to the steric hindrance formed by Nb and Ce, enhancing the catalytic activity at wider temperature range.
{"title":"Unique synergies of Ce and Nb doping on Cu-SSZ-13 resulting in excellent stability over a significantly wider temperature range","authors":"Jingang Wang, Jianbo Zhang, Yuzhe Mu, Xuejiao Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2026.123531","url":null,"abstract":"Cu-SSZ-13 catalysts have emerged as the most promising on-board catalysts in denitrification with NH<sub>3</sub>-SCR due to the exceptional hydrothermal stability and catalytic activity. In the work, as-prepared Ce<sub>0.075</sub>-Nb<sub>1.5%</sub>/Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst exhibited a significantly most excellent catalytic activity with good stability in the wider temperature range of 300 ℃ to 650 ℃, due to the synergistic effect of Ce and Nb. The results of XPS and H<sub>2</sub>-TPR indicated that the interaction between Ce and Nb alters the chemical environment of the active site Cu, resulting in a more stable Cu<img alt=\"single bond\" src=\"https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/55/entities/sbnd.gif\" style=\"vertical-align:middle\"/>O bond, which enhances the stability of the active Cu sites, which was verified by the analysis results of Materials Studio. The addition of Nb could lead to the increase of Ce<sup>3+</sup>/Ce<sup>4+</sup> to improve the redox capacity of the catalyst. Moreover, the synergistic effect of Nb and Ce made few CuO<sub>x</sub> clusters formed and preserved a greater number of [Cu(OH)]<sup>+</sup>, which was impeded to migrate at high temperatures due to the steric hindrance formed by Nb and Ce, enhancing the catalytic activity at wider temperature range.","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2026.123545
Mengying Lin, Hanyue Lou, Zhaoyang Qi, Jie Chen, Changshen Ye, Ting Qiu
The development of highly active catalysts is crucial for oxidative desulfurization (ODS) to meet the growing demand for sulfur-free fuels. In this study, a defect-rich composite catalyst UiO-DAlaPW was successfully synthesized via mechanochemical grinding, wherein phosphotungstic acid (HPW) was encapsulated within a defect-engineered UiO-66 framework, utilizing D-alanine (DAla) as a bridging molecule. The synthesized catalyst, UiO-DAlaPW, significantly enhances the utilization efficiency of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In the model oil ODS system, the material exhibited exceptional catalytic performance: achieving deep desulfurization at room temperature within merely 5 min under conditions of extremely low acetonitrile cosolvent usage and a low oxidant/sulfur (O/S) ratio, accompanied by remarkably high H2O2 utilization efficiency. Moreover, the catalyst maintained high desulfurization efficiency even in the absence of acetonitrile. Characterization by XRD, FT-IR, TGA, and XPS confirmed the successful encapsulation of HPW within the UiO-66 framework. Mechanistic studies revealed a significant synergistic effect between UiO-66 and HPW. The effective cooperation of the two active sites, namely Zr in UiO-66 and PW, significantly enhances the catalytic performance, contributing to superior oxidative desulfurization activity.
{"title":"D-alanine-bridged phosphotungstic acid/UiO-66 hybrids as efficient catalysts for oxidative desulfurization of fuels","authors":"Mengying Lin, Hanyue Lou, Zhaoyang Qi, Jie Chen, Changshen Ye, Ting Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2026.123545","url":null,"abstract":"The development of highly active catalysts is crucial for oxidative desulfurization (ODS) to meet the growing demand for sulfur-free fuels. In this study, a defect-rich composite catalyst UiO-DAlaPW was successfully synthesized via mechanochemical grinding, wherein phosphotungstic acid (HPW) was encapsulated within a defect-engineered UiO-66 framework, utilizing D-alanine (DAla) as a bridging molecule. The synthesized catalyst, UiO-DAlaPW, significantly enhances the utilization efficiency of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>). In the model oil ODS system, the material exhibited exceptional catalytic performance: achieving deep desulfurization at room temperature within merely 5 min under conditions of extremely low acetonitrile cosolvent usage and a low oxidant/sulfur (O/S) ratio, accompanied by remarkably high H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> utilization efficiency. Moreover, the catalyst maintained high desulfurization efficiency even in the absence of acetonitrile. Characterization by XRD, FT-IR, TGA, and XPS confirmed the successful encapsulation of HPW within the UiO-66 framework. Mechanistic studies revealed a significant synergistic effect between UiO-66 and HPW. The effective cooperation of the two active sites, namely Zr in UiO-66 and PW, significantly enhances the catalytic performance, contributing to superior oxidative desulfurization activity.","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146122517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2026.123455
Jing Wang, Xiangbo Feng, Yuzhen Zhao, Du Lv, Hao Ma, Manni Li, Yao Liu, Guoqing Guan, Jian Miao
Solid electrolyte is an effective way to address the safety concerns associated with liquid electrolytes based-rechargeable Li-ion batteries (LIBs), making the improvement of their electrochemical performance particularly significant. In this work, a poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoro propylene) (PVDF-HFP) membrane was successfully modified with lithium hexacyanoferrate(II) (Li4[Fe(CN)6]), the resulting bonding interactions enabled the formation of a gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) with high ionic conductivity, making it highly suitable for applications in SSLBs applications. Impressively, the obtained GPE with a three-dimensional (3D) porous network exhibited a wide electrochemical window of ∼5.0 V, a high lithium transference number of 0.42, and an enhanced ionic conductivity of 2.63 × 10-4 S·cm−1. These improvements can be attributed to the dual functional Li4[Fe(CN)6], which not only serves as a lithium ion source but also effectively reduces the crystallization of PVDF-HFP. Additionally, the assembled SSLB with this GPE exhibited excellent cycling stability, achieving a high initial capacity of 119.1 mAh·g−1 and a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 97.24% at 1C. This PVDF-HFP-Li4[Fe(CN)6] GPE is therefore expected to be an effective electrolyte for next-generation SSLBs with high cycling stability.
{"title":"Dual functional Li4[Fe(CN)6] modified PVDF-HFP membrane: An effective gel polymer solid electrolyte for solid-state lithium batteries","authors":"Jing Wang, Xiangbo Feng, Yuzhen Zhao, Du Lv, Hao Ma, Manni Li, Yao Liu, Guoqing Guan, Jian Miao","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2026.123455","url":null,"abstract":"Solid electrolyte is an effective way to address the safety concerns associated with liquid electrolytes based-rechargeable Li-ion batteries (LIBs), making the improvement of their electrochemical performance particularly significant. In this work, a poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoro propylene) (PVDF-HFP) membrane was successfully modified with lithium hexacyanoferrate(II) (Li<sub>4</sub>[Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>]), the resulting bonding interactions enabled the formation of a gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) with high ionic conductivity, making it highly suitable for applications in SSLBs applications. Impressively, the obtained GPE with a three-dimensional (3D) porous network exhibited a wide electrochemical window of ∼5.0 V, a high lithium transference number of 0.42, and an enhanced ionic conductivity of 2.63 × 10<sup>-4</sup> S·cm<sup>−1</sup>. These improvements can be attributed to the dual functional Li<sub>4</sub>[Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>], which not only serves as a lithium ion source but also effectively reduces the crystallization of PVDF-HFP. Additionally, the assembled SSLB with this GPE exhibited excellent cycling stability, achieving a high initial capacity of 119.1 mAh·g<sup>−1</sup> and a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 97.24% at 1C. This PVDF-HFP-Li<sub>4</sub>[Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>] GPE is therefore expected to be an effective electrolyte for next-generation SSLBs with high cycling stability.","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146135363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hydrocarbons (HCs) emission during the cold-start period of internal combustion engine vehicles accounts for the majority of total HCs emission. In this work, we developed a Pd/SSZ-39 catalyst with exceptional low-temperature C3H6 (representative of light HCs) trapping performance, achieving the C3H6 storage capacity of 0.87 mmol/g (C3H6/Pd2+=12). The C3H6 adsorption tests revealed that aged Pd/SSZ-39 samples retained 47% and 28% of its original C3H6 trapping capacity after treatment at 800 °C and 900 °C for 20 h, respectively, while its C3H6 oxidation efficiency remained largely unaffected. Characterization studies indicate that Pd2+ ions serve as primary adsorption sites, initially capturing C3H6 molecules as Pd2+(C3H6)x, which then undergo cracking and polymerization at neighboring Brønsted acid sites. The reduction in both Pd2+ ions and Brønsted acid sites directly correlates with the diminished C3H6 adsorption capacity. During the desorption phase, Pd2+(C3H6)x species decompose between 200–300 °C, while polymerized hydrocarbons undergo oxidation at 300–400 °C, yielding distinct C3H6 and CO2/CO release peaks. These findings highlight the Pd/SSZ-39 as a robust low-temperature hydrocarbon trap, even under extreme hydrothermal aging conditions.
{"title":"Pd/SSZ-39 low-temperature hydrocarbon traps: probing adsorption mechanisms and hydrothermal aging impacts","authors":"Jinhuang Cai, Chaofan Qi, Dingding Liu, Guohua Jing, Yongdan Li, Huawang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2026.123547","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrocarbons (HCs) emission during the cold-start period of internal combustion engine vehicles accounts for the majority of total HCs emission. In this work, we developed a Pd/SSZ-39 catalyst with exceptional low-temperature C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> (representative of light HCs) trapping performance, achieving the C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> storage capacity of 0.87 mmol/g (C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>/Pd<sup>2+</sup>=12). The C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> adsorption tests revealed that aged Pd/SSZ-39 samples retained 47% and 28% of its original C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> trapping capacity after treatment at 800 °C and 900 °C for 20 h, respectively, while its C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> oxidation efficiency remained largely unaffected. Characterization studies indicate that Pd<sup>2+</sup> ions serve as primary adsorption sites, initially capturing C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> molecules as Pd<sup>2+</sup>(C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>)<sub>x</sub>, which then undergo cracking and polymerization at neighboring Brønsted acid sites. The reduction in both Pd<sup>2+</sup> ions and Brønsted acid sites directly correlates with the diminished C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> adsorption capacity. During the desorption phase, Pd<sup>2+</sup>(C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub>)<sub>x</sub> species decompose between 200–300 °C, while polymerized hydrocarbons undergo oxidation at 300–400 °C, yielding distinct C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>6</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub>/CO release peaks. These findings highlight the Pd/SSZ-39 as a robust low-temperature hydrocarbon trap, even under extreme hydrothermal aging conditions.","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146121907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2026.123532
Dingchen Li, Yang Liu, Xiangen Zhao, Jingjie Ye, Chuanlong Ma, Chuan Li, Enhao Wei, Menghan Xiao, Yaping Du
Efficient O2 recovery from CO2 is a critical technology for closed-loop life support systems in aerospace, submarine environments, and future extraterrestrial exploration. Gliding arc (GA) plasma-assisted CO2 conversion offers high chemical activity and low implementation cost. Here, we developed a GA reactor operating from 7 to 760 Torr to study the effect of pressure and matching power on O2 yield by CO2 conversion. The results show that O2 yield first rises then falls with the operating pressure, and its optimal pressure shifts higher as power increases. Synchronized electrical signals, direct optical images and spatial distribution of atomic oxygen of discharge-patterns (glow → transition → GA) is used to analyze the reasons for changes in O2 yield with pressure. Notably, the reactor achieved an oxygen production rate of 6 g/hr at 400 Torr and 210 W, comparable to state-of-the-art solid oxide electrolysis systems (e.g., MOXIE). These findings provide essential physical insights for optimizing plasma-based O2 generation in variable-pressure environments, ranging from high-altitude flight to in-situ resource utilization.
{"title":"Effect of wide-range operating pressure on O2 production by CO2 conversion in a gliding arc reactor","authors":"Dingchen Li, Yang Liu, Xiangen Zhao, Jingjie Ye, Chuanlong Ma, Chuan Li, Enhao Wei, Menghan Xiao, Yaping Du","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2026.123532","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient O<sub>2</sub> recovery from CO<sub>2</sub> is a critical technology for closed-loop life support systems in aerospace, submarine environments, and future extraterrestrial exploration. Gliding arc (GA) plasma-assisted CO<sub>2</sub> conversion offers high chemical activity and low implementation cost. Here, we developed a GA reactor operating from 7 to 760 Torr to study the effect of pressure and matching power on O<sub>2</sub> yield by CO<sub>2</sub> conversion. The results show that O<sub>2</sub> yield first rises then falls with the operating pressure, and its optimal pressure shifts higher as power increases. Synchronized electrical signals, direct optical images and spatial distribution of atomic oxygen of discharge-patterns (glow → transition → GA) is used to analyze the reasons for changes in O<sub>2</sub> yield with pressure. Notably, the reactor achieved an oxygen production rate of 6 g/hr at 400 Torr and 210 W, comparable to state-of-the-art solid oxide electrolysis systems (e.g., MOXIE). These findings provide essential physical insights for optimizing plasma-based O<sub>2</sub> generation in variable-pressure environments, ranging from high-altitude flight to in-situ resource utilization.","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As the integration of high-power electronic devices becomes higher and higher, it is difficult for traditional thermal interface materials (TIMs) to meet the requirements of high thermal conductivity and flexible processing due to poor dispersion of fillers and high interfacial thermal resistance. Although boron nitride (BN) has high insulation and in-plane thermal conductivity (theoretical value 2000 W·m−1·K−1), its high chemical inertness makes it easy to agglomerate in the polymer matrix, which makes it difficult to continuously construct the vertical thermal conduction path. By introducing active hydroxyl groups on the surface of boron nitride, the interface bonding between boron nitride and matrix can be enhanced, and the ability to participate in the reaction can be given. In this study, a synchronous strategy of rapid foaming and crosslinking at room temperature was proposed, using OH-BN as multifunctional filler and reactive foaming agent to realize the in-situ construction of self-supporting 3D network in RTV silicone rubber system. The results show that the thermal conductivity of 3D BN/RTV composites reaches 2.016 W·m−1·K−1 when the BN content is 16.0 vol%. In addition, the composites also exhibit excellent mechanical properties, dielectric properties and excellent insulation, highlighting their potential in thermal management applications such as microelectronic devices, new energy and energy storage systems, and even aerospace.
{"title":"Rapid construction of self-supporting 3D network and enhancement of thermal conductivity in OH-BN/RTV system","authors":"Yaofa Luo, Yihao Xu, Guang Liu, Pingfan Xu, Weijie Zheng, Pengfei Zhang, Peikun Zhang, Li Zhang, Aizheng Chen, Yuan Liu, Zhongzhen Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2026.123530","url":null,"abstract":"As the integration of high-power electronic devices becomes higher and higher, it is difficult for traditional thermal interface materials (TIMs) to meet the requirements of high thermal conductivity and flexible processing due to poor dispersion of fillers and high interfacial thermal resistance. Although boron nitride (BN) has high insulation and in-plane thermal conductivity (theoretical value 2000 W·m<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup>), its high chemical inertness makes it easy to agglomerate in the polymer matrix, which makes it difficult to continuously construct the vertical thermal conduction path. By introducing active hydroxyl groups on the surface of boron nitride, the interface bonding between boron nitride and matrix can be enhanced, and the ability to participate in the reaction can be given. In this study, a synchronous strategy of rapid foaming and crosslinking at room temperature was proposed, using OH-BN as multifunctional filler and reactive foaming agent to realize the in-situ construction of self-supporting 3D network in RTV silicone rubber system. The results show that the thermal conductivity of 3D BN/RTV composites reaches 2.016 W·m<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup> when the BN content is 16.0 vol%. In addition, the composites also exhibit excellent mechanical properties, dielectric properties and excellent insulation, highlighting their potential in thermal management applications such as microelectronic devices, new energy and energy storage systems, and even aerospace.","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2026.123501
Bei Wei, Xuwen Qin, Qingsheng Zhang, Baolun Niu, Zhixin Guo, Kang Zhou, Jian Hou
Micron-sized preformed particle gel (PPG) flooding is an efficient enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method, and its flow in porous media is ubiquitous in nature and engineering. However, the pore-scale flow behavior, involving migration, plugging, and deformation, remains complex and not fully understood. In this study, we characterized the microscopic morphology, particle size, and rheological properties of the micron-sized PPG. Using microfluidic experiments and particle image velocimetry (PIV) velocity measurements, we investigated pore-scale flow behaviors of the micron-sized PPG and directly captured the restructuring of internal flow fields following micron-sized PPG injection. Furthermore, through two-dimensional visual microscopic oil displacement experiment and three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) scanning experiment, we elucidated the oil displacement mechanism, quantitatively characterized the mobilization efficiency of different-sized residual oil under three-dimensional conditions and visually demonstrated the displacement mechanism by which gel particles achieve flow equilibrium between high-permeability and low-permeability regions. The results show that the micron-sized PPG presents the discontinuous-phase flow characteristics of “temporary plugging-pressurization-deformation-migration-replugging” in the pore throat. Within porous media, Micro-sized PPG can plug the high permeability zone and cause the “liquid flow to turn” to the low permeability zone. In the process of oil displacement, micron-sized PPG can block dominant channels, mitigate microscopic pore-throat and interlayer heterogeneity, expand the migration range of the displacement phase, reduce the proportion of large-size remaining oil, and ultimately enhance oil displacement efficiency. This work provides novel insights into pore-scale flow behaviors and oil displacement mechanism of micron-sized PPG and offers theoretical support for its field application.
{"title":"Pore-scale flow behaviors and oil displacement mechanism of micron-sized preformed particle gels in porous media","authors":"Bei Wei, Xuwen Qin, Qingsheng Zhang, Baolun Niu, Zhixin Guo, Kang Zhou, Jian Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.ces.2026.123501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2026.123501","url":null,"abstract":"Micron-sized preformed particle gel (PPG) flooding is an efficient enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method, and its flow in porous media is ubiquitous in nature and engineering. However, the pore-scale flow behavior, involving migration, plugging, and deformation, remains complex and not fully understood. In this study, we characterized the microscopic morphology, particle size, and rheological properties of the micron-sized PPG. Using microfluidic experiments and particle image velocimetry (PIV) velocity measurements, we investigated pore-scale flow behaviors of the micron-sized PPG and directly captured the restructuring of internal flow fields following micron-sized PPG injection. Furthermore, through two-dimensional visual microscopic oil displacement experiment and three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) scanning experiment, we elucidated the oil displacement mechanism, quantitatively characterized the mobilization efficiency of different-sized residual oil under three-dimensional conditions and visually demonstrated the displacement mechanism by which gel particles achieve flow equilibrium between high-permeability and low-permeability regions. The results show that the micron-sized PPG presents the discontinuous-phase flow characteristics of “temporary plugging-pressurization-deformation-migration-replugging” in the pore throat. Within porous media, Micro-sized PPG can plug the high permeability zone and cause the “liquid flow to turn” to the low permeability zone. In the process of oil displacement, micron-sized PPG can block dominant channels, mitigate microscopic pore-throat and interlayer heterogeneity, expand the migration range of the displacement phase, reduce the proportion of large-size remaining oil, and ultimately enhance oil displacement efficiency. This work provides novel insights into pore-scale flow behaviors and oil displacement mechanism of micron-sized PPG and offers theoretical support for its field application.","PeriodicalId":271,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering Science","volume":"134 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146121943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O bond, which enhances the stability of the active Cu sites, which was verified by the analysis results of Materials Studio. The addition of Nb could lead to the increase of Ce3+/Ce4+ to improve the redox capacity of the catalyst. Moreover, the synergistic effect of Nb and Ce made few CuOx clusters formed and preserved a greater number of [Cu(OH)]+, which was impeded to migrate at high temperatures due to the steric hindrance formed by Nb and Ce, enhancing the catalytic activity at wider temperature range.
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