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Evaluating Conventional Power Swing Blocking Methods 评估传统的功率摆动阻断方法
A. Çapar, Ezgi Ünverdi Ağlar, A. Arsoy
This research focused on conventional power swing blocking (PSB). The conventional PSB methods are tested with various fault conditions such as fault location and fault type scenarios consisting of stable and unstable power swings. PSB methods developed in MATLAB have been implemented on a two source test system simulated in PSCAD. Measurements taken from the reference bus are transformed to phasors using half cycle discrete fourier transform and they constitute the fundamental of the PSB methods. The methods used in this paper are as follows; decreasing resistance, swing center voltage, superimposed, and change of active and reactive power PSB methods. Threshold values for each PSB method are determined based on stable and unstable power swing conditions. The methods of the superimposed and change of active/reactive power are observed to be the most accurate ones while those of the decreasing resistance and swing center voltage found to be suffered from unstable power swing test conditions. This study revealed the importance and restriction of threshold determination.
本研究的重点是传统的功率摆动阻断(PSB)。传统的PSB方法在各种故障条件下进行了测试,如故障定位和故障类型场景,包括稳定和不稳定的功率波动。在MATLAB中开发的PSB方法已在PSCAD仿真的双源测试系统上实现。采用半周离散傅立叶变换将参考母线上的测量值转换为相量,它们构成了PSB方法的基础。本文采用的方法如下:减小电阻、摆动中心电压、叠加、有功无功变化等方法。每种PSB方法的阈值是根据稳定和不稳定的功率摆动条件确定的。有功/无功功率的叠加法和变化法是最准确的,而电阻下降法和摆动中心电压法在不稳定的功率摆动试验条件下受到影响。本研究揭示了阈值测定的重要性和局限性。
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引用次数: 0
Simulation Experimental Study on Water Invasion Rules of Gas Reservoir With Multiwell Development 多井开发气藏水侵规律模拟实验研究
Fan Feifei, G. Shusheng, L. Huaxun
Real gas reservoirs have strong heterogeneities and usually have pore (hole) and fractured zones. They are difficult to develop and the invasion of edge-and-bottom water increases the complexity of the development. In order to be able to understand the water invasion law and development effect of the gas reservoirs with edge and bottom water. Different types and different permeability cores are selected to characterize the effect of the gas reservoir under the condition of inhomogeneous and the effect of different development methods. The results show that: Both arrange wells in high and low permeability zones can obtain the higher recovery factor. During the development process, the gas production rate of the high permeability zone should be limited to avoid the rapid coning of the formation water along the high permeability zone, resulting in the premature flooding of the gas reservoir. Different development order have little difference between water influx and water production, but if first develop low-permeability zone and then product high-permeability zone, it will have higher levels of water recovery and final recovery; High permeability zone do not shut the wells after water breakthrough can effectively increase the recovery of gas reservoirs, but it faces the problem of produced water treatment. The experimental results provide a basis for understanding the influence of different factors on the water invasion regularity of multiwell development and optimizing the production of the bottom water gas reservoirs.
真实气藏具有较强的非均质性,通常存在孔(孔)带和裂缝带。它们的开发难度大,而边底水的侵入又增加了开发的复杂性。为了能够了解边底水气藏的水侵规律及开发效果。选择不同类型、不同渗透率的岩心,表征非均质条件下气藏的效果和不同开发方法的效果。结果表明:在高渗层和低渗层布置井均可获得较高的采收率。在开发过程中,应限制高渗透层的产气速度,避免地层水沿高渗透层快速锥入,导致气藏过早驱油。不同开发顺序的水侵量和产油量差异不大,但先开发低渗透层后生产高渗透层的采收率和最终采收率较高;高渗透气藏突水后不关井可有效提高气藏采收率,但面临采出水处理问题。实验结果为了解不同因素对多井开发水侵规律的影响,优化底水气藏的生产提供了依据。
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引用次数: 1
The Dos and Don'ts of Industrial Network Simulation: A Field Report 工业网络仿真的做与不做:一份实地报告
S. D. Antón, Daniel Fraunholz, Dennis Krummacker, Christoph Fischer, Michael Karrenbauer, H. Schotten
Advances in industrial control lead to increasing incorporation of intercommunication technologies and embedded devices into the production environment. In addition to that, the rising complexity of automation tasks creates demand for extensive solutions. Standardised protocols and commercial off the shelf devices aid in providing these solutions. Still, setting up industrial communication networks is a tedious and high effort task. This justifies the need for simulation environments in the industrial context, as they provide cost-, resource- and time-efficient evaluation of solution approaches. In this work, industrial use cases are identified and the according requirements are derived. Furthermore, available simulation and emulation tools are analysed. They are mapped onto the requirements of industrial applications, so that an expressive assignment of solutions to application domains is given.
工业控制的进步导致越来越多地将通信技术和嵌入式设备结合到生产环境中。除此之外,自动化任务的日益复杂也产生了对广泛解决方案的需求。标准化协议和商用现成设备有助于提供这些解决方案。然而,建立工业通信网络是一项繁琐而费力的任务。这证明了在工业环境中需要仿真环境,因为它们提供了对解决方案方法的成本、资源和时间效率评估。在这项工作中,确定了工业用例并派生出相应的需求。此外,还分析了现有的仿真和仿真工具。它们被映射到工业应用程序的需求上,因此给出了对应用程序域的解决方案的表达性分配。
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引用次数: 1
Simulating Video Capturing for Phacoemulsification Surgery Using Aftermarket Cameras 利用二手市场摄像机模拟超声乳化手术的视频采集
Soetrisno, Josiah Irma, D. H. Hareva, H. Tjahyadi
The main purposes of picture archiving systems produced by medical imaging modalities is used for diagnosis and research purposes, include in eye surgery field. In doing modern surgery such ophthalmologic, doctors operate eye's internal lens, which is small objects, so they are prone to making mistakes. The postoperative procedure is required to evaluate the intervention results. The microscope ophthalmologic surgery equipment uses trinocular which can be installed with a digital camera to record intervention activities for reflective purposes. In this study besides using that main digital camera, we explore the possibility to employ one or more aftermarket digital cameras, such as smart phone or action camera. Close-Up lens will also be used for increasing the object image obtains by the cameras. The uses of aftermarket cameras give beneficial for mobile operation-theatre or application in the rural area. The objective of this exploration is to get insight about the possibilities and functions of this kind of cameras, whether it may effectively be used. We used an image of eye rather than real eye. The results show that combining camera with close-up lens helps to obtain bigger size of images/videos although some further improvement is still required.
医学成像模式产生的图像存档系统的主要目的是用于诊断和研究目的,包括眼科手术领域。在做眼科等现代外科手术时,医生操作的是眼睛的内晶状体,这是一种很小的物体,所以他们很容易出错。需要术后手术来评估干预效果。显微镜眼科手术设备采用三棱镜,可安装数码相机记录干预活动,以达到反射目的。在本研究中,除了使用主要数码相机外,我们还探索了使用一个或多个售后数码相机的可能性,例如智能手机或运动相机。特写镜头也将用于增加相机获得的物体图像。售后摄像机的使用有利于移动手术室或农村地区的应用。这次探索的目的是了解这种相机的可能性和功能,是否可以有效地使用。我们使用了眼睛的图像,而不是真实的眼睛。结果表明,将相机与特写镜头相结合有助于获得更大尺寸的图像/视频,但仍需要进一步改进。
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引用次数: 0
Smart Office: A Voice-controlled Workplace for Everyone 智能办公室:适合所有人的语音控制工作场所
Z. Y. Chan, P. Shum
Home automation and the concept of Internet of Things (IoT) have been existing for more than a decade, with billions of devices connected to the internet. The conventional home automation system allows users to control household appliances such as lights, air-conditioning, surveillance camera etc. via smartphone applications, webpages and control panels. One of the major drawbacks is with the operation efficiency, where people would still need their hands on the physical interfaces to access the system. It could be quite inconvenient for specific groups such as the elderly and disabled people, who will not benefit much from such systems. In light of this, the project proposes a methodology and design of a voice-controlled environment with emphasis on speech recognition and voice control based on Amazon Alexa and Raspberry Pi. In this implementation, office users can easily control their office appliances with voice commands, where as the model can be implemented for smart home users as well. The proposed voice-controlled implementation comprises eight main features: 1) Control of wired electrical appliances; 2) Control of Radio Frequency (RF) and Infrared (IR) appliances; 3) YouTube connected entertainment system; 4) Digital memo; 5) Face recognition attendance taking system with SQL database; 6) Security surveillance; 7) Room occupancy detection; 8) Telegram-based voice-controlled text messaging. The proposed system not only saves time but also bring convenience to people.
家庭自动化和物联网(IoT)的概念已经存在了十多年,数十亿设备连接到互联网。传统的家庭自动化系统允许用户通过智能手机应用程序、网页和控制面板控制电灯、空调、监控摄像头等家用电器。其中一个主要的缺点是操作效率,人们仍然需要把手放在物理接口上才能访问系统。对于老年人和残疾人等特定群体来说,这可能会很不方便,因为他们不会从这种制度中得到太多好处。鉴于此,该项目提出了一种基于亚马逊Alexa和树莓派的语音识别和语音控制的语音控制环境的方法和设计。在此实现中,办公用户可以轻松地使用语音命令控制其办公设备,而该模型也可以为智能家居用户实现。提出的语音控制实现包括八个主要特征:1)有线电器的控制;2)控制射频(RF)和红外(IR)设备;3)连接YouTube的娱乐系统;4)数字备忘录;5)基于SQL数据库的人脸识别考勤系统;6)安全监控;7)房间占用检测;8)基于电报的语音控制短信。该系统不仅节省了时间,而且给人们带来了方便。
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引用次数: 8
Design and Integration of an IoT Device for Training Purposes of Industry 4.0 工业4.0培训用物联网设备的设计与集成
Hisham Elmoaqet, I. Ismael, Florian Patzolt, Mutaz Ryalat
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) fully integrate computational and physical processes. Embedded computers and networks monitor and control the physical processes, usually with feedback loops where physical processes affect computations and vice versa. Industry 4.0, otherwise known as the fourth industrial revolution, integrates people and digitally controlled machines with the internet and information technology. The most commonly used terms to describe the new development that is changing the industrial aspects, are Industry 4.0, Cyber-physical Systems, and the Internet of Things (IOT), which pave the way for smart production factories and the digital transformation. Models of CPS of Industry 4.0 (CPSI 4.0) present a high level of combination and coordination between physical and computational elements aiming to improve productivity and decrease production costs. This paper introduces a testbed for a cyber-physical system of Industry 4.0. The testbed is a serial line equipped with sensors to collect data at both the machine and system level. Various tools were utilized to aggregate, analyze, and display this data and prepare it for processing over the cloud. The implemented system leverages many of Industry 4.0 features such as predictive maintenance, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), condition monitoring, communication technology and simple cyber-physical system security. The work presented is the basis for building a larger research testbed that could allow multidisciplinare research projects in this domain.
信息物理系统(CPS)完全集成了计算和物理过程。嵌入式计算机和网络监视和控制物理过程,通常具有反馈回路,其中物理过程影响计算,反之亦然。工业4.0,也被称为第四次工业革命,将人和数字控制机器与互联网和信息技术结合在一起。描述正在改变工业方面的新发展的最常用术语是工业4.0,网络物理系统和物联网(IOT),它们为智能生产工厂和数字化转型铺平了道路。工业4.0 (CPSI 4.0)的CPS模型呈现了物理和计算元素之间的高水平组合和协调,旨在提高生产率和降低生产成本。本文介绍了工业4.0网络物理系统的试验台。测试平台是一个串行线配备传感器收集数据在机器和系统级别。使用了各种工具来聚合、分析和显示这些数据,并为通过云进行处理做好准备。该系统利用了工业4.0的许多特性,如预测性维护、射频识别(RFID)、状态监测、通信技术和简单的网络物理系统安全。所提出的工作是建立一个更大的研究试验台的基础,该试验台可以允许该领域的多学科研究项目。
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引用次数: 8
Human-Robot Interaction Using Pointing Gestures 使用指向手势的人机交互
Michal Tölgyessy, Martin Dekan, P. Hubinský
Our research presented in this paper focuses on HRI (Human-Robot Interaction) via pointing gestures. We've designed a method where human operator points to a specific location and subsequently a mobile robot drives to the designated location. A depth sensor is used to capture operator's position and gesture. The key to our algorithm is 3D positions of operator's body joints. We further our previous research by analysis of two depth sensors, Kinect v1 and Kinect v2, in their ability to detect body joints.
我们的研究主要集中在HRI(人机交互)通过指向手势。我们设计了一种方法,人类操作员指向一个特定的位置,随后移动机器人驾驶到指定的位置。深度传感器用于捕捉操作员的位置和手势。该算法的关键是操作者身体关节的三维位置。我们通过分析Kinect v1和Kinect v2这两个深度传感器探测人体关节的能力,进一步深化了之前的研究。
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引用次数: 6
Development of CoAP-based IoT Communication System for Smart Energy Storage System 基于coap的智能储能物联网通信系统开发
Y. Choo, Yong-jun Ha, Young-Bu Kim, Sang-Jin Lee, Hyun-Deuk Choi
Wireless Internet of Things (IoT) devices share several features such as limited energy supply, low computing power, limited memory size, and vulnerable radio communication network. IETF proposed the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) for this type of network. This paper presents implementation of CoAP into an embedded IoT device used for smart Energy Storage System (ESS) under microgrid environment. Confirmable message type was adopted to provide reliable communication. Since the frame size of IEEE 802.15.4 physical layer was limited to 127 bytes, the header of 6LoWPAN and UDP was compressed to reduce fragmentation and reassembly overhead. Performance of the communication service was tested by measuring round trip time between two end nodes of developed system.
无线物联网(IoT)设备有几个共同的特点,如有限的能源供应、低计算能力、有限的内存大小和易受攻击的无线电通信网络。IETF针对这种类型的网络提出了约束应用协议(CoAP)。本文介绍了在微电网环境下,将CoAP应用于智能储能系统(ESS)的嵌入式物联网设备中。采用可确认消息类型提供可靠通信。由于IEEE 802.15.4物理层的帧大小限制在127字节,因此对6LoWPAN和UDP的报头进行了压缩,以减少分片和重组开销。通过测量所开发系统两端节点之间的往返时间来测试通信服务的性能。
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引用次数: 3
A Study of the Security Problems of Wireless Sensor Networks into the Context of the Internet of Things 物联网背景下无线传感器网络安全问题研究
Benfilali Mostefa, Gafour Abdelkader
The Internet of Things is an integral part of the Internet of the future and can defined as a global and dynamic network infrastructure based on interoperable communication protocols where real and virtual Things have an identity or address that through smart interfaces are perfectly integrated into an information network. Among the connected objects will be the Wireless Sensor Networks WSN that can generate, collect, store and share information between themselves and with the centralized authentication nodes called "Base stations". The information collected by the sensor nodes must protected against attacks and forgery in the collection and transfer of data. Because connected sensor nodes have low computing, memory, and power capabilities, and access to the radio medium is highly consumer of resources, traditional cryptographic protocols are not suitable for connected Things because of their heterogeneity. In this paper will present the various attacks against WSN in the context of IoT and proposed solutions exist in literature to securing the network against these attacks.
物联网是未来互联网不可分割的一部分,可以定义为基于互操作通信协议的全球动态网络基础设施,其中真实和虚拟的事物具有身份或地址,通过智能接口完美地集成到信息网络中。在连接的对象中,无线传感器网络WSN可以在它们之间以及与称为“基站”的集中认证节点之间生成、收集、存储和共享信息。传感器节点收集的信息在数据收集和传输过程中必须防止攻击和伪造。由于连接的传感器节点的计算、内存和功耗能力较低,并且访问无线电介质消耗大量资源,传统的加密协议由于其异构性而不适合被连接的事物。本文将介绍物联网背景下针对WSN的各种攻击,并提出文献中存在的解决方案,以保护网络免受这些攻击。
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引用次数: 0
Electromagnetic Sensing and Imaging for Stroke Detection 用于脑卒中检测的电磁传感与成像
Lulu Wang
Electromagnetic imaging has been investigated extensively to detect various diseases including breast cancer, stroke, lung ventilation, prostate cancer, and gastric emptying. This paper presents the compressive review on recent development in electromagnetic imaging techniques and instruments for brain stroke detection. Several electromagnetic sensing and imaging techniques, measurement systems and their biomedical applications are presented in this paper. This study also discusses the current challenges and future research directions of electromagnetic sensing and imaging techniques.
电磁成像已被广泛研究用于检测各种疾病,包括乳腺癌、中风、肺通气、前列腺癌和胃排空。本文简要介绍了脑卒中检测电磁成像技术和仪器的最新进展。本文介绍了几种电磁传感与成像技术、测量系统及其在生物医学上的应用。本文还讨论了电磁传感与成像技术目前面临的挑战和未来的研究方向。
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引用次数: 1
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Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Computer Science and Intelligent Control
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