Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.03
Marija Todosijević
The aim of this research was to examine if religiosity is related to orientations toward the present, to test if it could significantly predict them, and to test if age and educational level can moderate these relationships. The data was collected using The Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRS-15), The Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) and a questionnaire containing questions about basic sociodemographic information about the sample. The sample consisted of 648 participants, both male (n = 195) and female (n = 453), aged 18–70 (M = 35.50, SD = 11.30). The results showed that both models in this research are significant. The first model explains 4.1% of the variance of the hedonistic present (R2 = .04, F(2,645)= 13.90, p < .001) with religiosity (β = .20, p < .001) as a significant predictor. The second model explains 14.7% of the variance of the fatalistic present (R2 = .14, F(2,645)= 55.48,p< .001) with gender (β = .11, p < .01) and religiosity (β = .38, p < .001) as significant predictors. In this research, age demonstrated moderating effects on the relationship between religiosity and both orientations toward the present, enhancing their positive relationship. When it comes to the educational level, it demonstrates a moderating effect only on the relationship between religiosity and hedonistic present perspective, also enhancing their positive relationship. The results implicate that the concept of the hedonistic present should be revised since it seems like the maladaptive trait of the hedonistic present depends on the way it is guided by the concerns for the future and some previous results suggest a double path that this time perspective could affect happiness and its correlates.
{"title":"RELIGIOSITY AND ORIENTATION TOWARD THE PRESENT","authors":"Marija Todosijević","doi":"10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.03","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to examine if religiosity is related to orientations toward the present, to test if it could significantly predict them, and to test if age and educational level can moderate these relationships. The data was collected using The Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRS-15), The Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) and a questionnaire containing questions about basic sociodemographic information about the sample. The sample consisted of 648 participants, both male (n = 195) and female (n = 453), aged 18–70 (M = 35.50, SD = 11.30). The results showed that both models in this research are significant. The first model explains 4.1% of the variance of the hedonistic present (R2 = .04, F(2,645)= 13.90, p < .001) with religiosity (β = .20, p < .001) as a significant predictor. The second model explains 14.7% of the variance of the fatalistic present (R2 = .14, F(2,645)= 55.48,p< .001) with gender (β = .11, p < .01) and religiosity (β = .38, p < .001) as significant predictors. In this research, age demonstrated moderating effects on the relationship between religiosity and both orientations toward the present, enhancing their positive relationship. When it comes to the educational level, it demonstrates a moderating effect only on the relationship between religiosity and hedonistic present perspective, also enhancing their positive relationship. The results implicate that the concept of the hedonistic present should be revised since it seems like the maladaptive trait of the hedonistic present depends on the way it is guided by the concerns for the future and some previous results suggest a double path that this time perspective could affect happiness and its correlates.","PeriodicalId":272628,"journal":{"name":"ГОДИШЊАК ЗА ПСИХОЛОГИЈУ","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138945906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.08
Mila Guberinić
Implicit measures of attitudes provide an assessment of attitudes that respondents are unwilling to express or might not be aware of. This paper presents a systematic review of scientific literature in the field of measuring implicit attitudes, in which the current state and position of this construct are reviewed with the aim of assessing the meeting of scientific methodological criteria of knowledge acquisition. Empirical materials were obtained in February 2023 through the following search engines and platforms: Google, Google Scholar, SAGE, APA PsycNet, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate and JSTOR. Inclusion criteria: a paper published in a scientific journal, in English, available in its entirety in electronic form, in the field of psychology/social sciences, published from 2000 to the date of the search. In most reviewed sources, the Implicit Association Test (IAT) instrument was used, so this was added as an inclusion criterion. The final number of studies for analysis was 22 – five review papers and 17 research papers, mostly experimental studies. The papers were published in scientific journals with a high impact factor, written in the IMRAD format, the methods used were adequately presented, systematically controlled research procedures and appropriate statistical techniques were used, the conclusions were based on data, and the critical attitude of the researchers is present. The metric characteristics of the instruments are generally at an acceptable level – adequate internal consistency reliability, convergent and internal validity, predictive ability, but there are problems in the domain of construct and ecological validity.
{"title":"METHODOLOGICAL CORRECTNESS OF RESEARCH IN MEASURING IMPLICIT ATTITUDES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW","authors":"Mila Guberinić","doi":"10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.08","url":null,"abstract":"Implicit measures of attitudes provide an assessment of attitudes that respondents are unwilling to express or might not be aware of. This paper presents a systematic review of scientific literature in the field of measuring implicit attitudes, in which the current state and position of this construct are reviewed with the aim of assessing the meeting of scientific methodological criteria of knowledge acquisition. Empirical materials were obtained in February 2023 through the following search engines and platforms: Google, Google Scholar, SAGE, APA PsycNet, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate and JSTOR. Inclusion criteria: a paper published in a scientific journal, in English, available in its entirety in electronic form, in the field of psychology/social sciences, published from 2000 to the date of the search. In most reviewed sources, the Implicit Association Test (IAT) instrument was used, so this was added as an inclusion criterion. The final number of studies for analysis was 22 – five review papers and 17 research papers, mostly experimental studies. The papers were published in scientific journals with a high impact factor, written in the IMRAD format, the methods used were adequately presented, systematically controlled research procedures and appropriate statistical techniques were used, the conclusions were based on data, and the critical attitude of the researchers is present. The metric characteristics of the instruments are generally at an acceptable level – adequate internal consistency reliability, convergent and internal validity, predictive ability, but there are problems in the domain of construct and ecological validity.","PeriodicalId":272628,"journal":{"name":"ГОДИШЊАК ЗА ПСИХОЛОГИЈУ","volume":"1 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138944857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.09
Miloš Stojadinović
In recent years, a modern field of artificial intelligence (AI) ethics has been emerging. Today, there is virtually no sphere of social functioning untouched by AI in one form or another. Furthermore, the functional autonomy possessed by these intelligent systems is rapidly increasing. All indications suggest that this trend will continue and likely intensify in the near future. In this process, it is natural for important questions to arise that warrant thorough philosophical and psychological analysis. Timely engagement with these issues could prevent potential disagreements and unwanted outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to provide a brief introduction to the emerging field of AI ethics, highlighting the problems and questions that the contemporary field of AI ethics addresses. It is based on the recognition of the inseparability of any ethical discussion from its psychological antecedents and consequences. The paper will first delve into the definition of artificial intelligence, as well as the definition of AI ethics and its subject of inquiry. It will then explore the most significant questions and issues in AI ethics (in terms of urgency), including autonomous systems, machine bias, the problem of opacity (i.e., the “black box” problem), machine consciousness, technological singularity, and other important topics addressed by AI ethics. Finally, the paper will discuss the researchers and professionals engaged in AI ethics, the interest of psychologists in AI ethics, and their potentially critical role in this emerging scientific field.
{"title":"EXPLORING THE HORIZON OF SCIENCE: A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO AI ETHICS","authors":"Miloš Stojadinović","doi":"10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.09","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, a modern field of artificial intelligence (AI) ethics has been emerging. Today, there is virtually no sphere of social functioning untouched by AI in one form or another. Furthermore, the functional autonomy possessed by these intelligent systems is rapidly increasing. All indications suggest that this trend will continue and likely intensify in the near future. In this process, it is natural for important questions to arise that warrant thorough philosophical and psychological analysis. Timely engagement with these issues could prevent potential disagreements and unwanted outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to provide a brief introduction to the emerging field of AI ethics, highlighting the problems and questions that the contemporary field of AI ethics addresses. It is based on the recognition of the inseparability of any ethical discussion from its psychological antecedents and consequences. The paper will first delve into the definition of artificial intelligence, as well as the definition of AI ethics and its subject of inquiry. It will then explore the most significant questions and issues in AI ethics (in terms of urgency), including autonomous systems, machine bias, the problem of opacity (i.e., the “black box” problem), machine consciousness, technological singularity, and other important topics addressed by AI ethics. Finally, the paper will discuss the researchers and professionals engaged in AI ethics, the interest of psychologists in AI ethics, and their potentially critical role in this emerging scientific field.","PeriodicalId":272628,"journal":{"name":"ГОДИШЊАК ЗА ПСИХОЛОГИЈУ","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138944841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.05
Nikola Goljović
The aim of this study was to examine whether the emotional development of employees, specifically attachment, acts as a moderator determining the conditions under which people-oriented leaders can enhance the sense of psychological safety within their teams. A total of 246 participants (54% female), aged 22 to 59 (M = 32.10; SD = 7.58), employed in corporate-type organizations, took part in the research. The instruments used included the Psychological Safety Questionnaire, the Serbian version of the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale, and the People-Oriented Leadership subscale from the Ethical Leadership Scale at Work. The results revealed that the dimension of anxiety predicted psychological safety, and a statistically significant interaction was observed between this dimension and people-oriented leadership. The findings demonstrated that a positive inner model could significantly enhance the perception of psychological safety when the effect of people-oriented leadership was absent. However, it was also found that as the effect of people-oriented leadership increased, psychological safety increased as well, independently of the level of employee attachment. The practical implications of these results were discussed, considering the context of attachment theory and the conservation of resources theory.
{"title":"THE ROLE OF EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF EMPLOYEES AND PEOPLE-ORIENTED LEADERSHIP IN PERCEIVING PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY IN ORGANIZATIONS","authors":"Nikola Goljović","doi":"10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.05","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to examine whether the emotional development of employees, specifically attachment, acts as a moderator determining the conditions under which people-oriented leaders can enhance the sense of psychological safety within their teams. A total of 246 participants (54% female), aged 22 to 59 (M = 32.10; SD = 7.58), employed in corporate-type organizations, took part in the research. The instruments used included the Psychological Safety Questionnaire, the Serbian version of the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale, and the People-Oriented Leadership subscale from the Ethical Leadership Scale at Work. The results revealed that the dimension of anxiety predicted psychological safety, and a statistically significant interaction was observed between this dimension and people-oriented leadership. The findings demonstrated that a positive inner model could significantly enhance the perception of psychological safety when the effect of people-oriented leadership was absent. However, it was also found that as the effect of people-oriented leadership increased, psychological safety increased as well, independently of the level of employee attachment. The practical implications of these results were discussed, considering the context of attachment theory and the conservation of resources theory.","PeriodicalId":272628,"journal":{"name":"ГОДИШЊАК ЗА ПСИХОЛОГИЈУ","volume":"4 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138945130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.07
Miodrag Pavlović
Throughout human history, music has been an important tool contributing to both the expression of feelings and healing. Today, its application is quite wide in both non-clinical and clinical populations. The subject of the paper is a presentation of the history, development, and definitions of music as an intervention, music therapy, and the benefits of its application in children, adolescents, the geriatric population, stress reduction, psychotherapy, the treatment of neurological disorders, and pain therapy. In order to analyze the benefits of applying music as an intervention, a literature review was done. In addition, musical interventions were divided into diagnostic and preventive. It can be concluded that with the established research and clinical paradigms and taking into account the limitations of previous studies, a scientific basis for further academic research is provided. Additional guidelines for more intensive and beneficial incorporation of musical interventions in the previously mentioned areas were provided.
{"title":"POSSIBILITIES OF APPLICATION OF MUSICAL INTERVENTIONS","authors":"Miodrag Pavlović","doi":"10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.07","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout human history, music has been an important tool contributing to both the expression of feelings and healing. Today, its application is quite wide in both non-clinical and clinical populations. The subject of the paper is a presentation of the history, development, and definitions of music as an intervention, music therapy, and the benefits of its application in children, adolescents, the geriatric population, stress reduction, psychotherapy, the treatment of neurological disorders, and pain therapy. In order to analyze the benefits of applying music as an intervention, a literature review was done. In addition, musical interventions were divided into diagnostic and preventive. It can be concluded that with the established research and clinical paradigms and taking into account the limitations of previous studies, a scientific basis for further academic research is provided. Additional guidelines for more intensive and beneficial incorporation of musical interventions in the previously mentioned areas were provided.","PeriodicalId":272628,"journal":{"name":"ГОДИШЊАК ЗА ПСИХОЛОГИЈУ","volume":"61 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138945659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.01
Mihajlo Ilić, D. Šakan
The purpose of this paper was to examine the relationship between the basic psychological needs related to satisfaction and frustration with various types of self-handicapping behaviors. The sample consisted of 518 adults (Mage = 35.87, SD = 10.36), 108 of which (20.8%) declared themselves as male. The instruments used were the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Frustration Scale (BPNSFS), and the Self-Handicapping questionnaire (SH). The results show that the frustrations of the basic psychological needs, on average, correlate more strongly with selfhandicapping behaviors, than with their satisfaction. In addition, in the hierarchical regression models, frustrations of the basic psychological needs prove to be stronger predictors of self-handicapping behaviors than low satisfaction levels of the same needs. In general, competence frustration is the strongest predictor of all forms of self-handicapping behaviors, while relatedness frustration increases in significance in its relation to self-handicapping behaviors in interpersonal relationships. Autonomy frustration shows relevance in explaining all forms of self-handicapping behaviors, although slightly weaker than competence and relatedness frustration. These findings indicate the salience of the frustration of the basic psychological needs in various selfhandicapping behaviors, and provide more detailed information on the value of each basic psychological need in the tested relations.
{"title":"BASIC PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS AS PREDICTORS OF SELF-HANDICAPPING BEHAVIORS","authors":"Mihajlo Ilić, D. Šakan","doi":"10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.01","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper was to examine the relationship between the basic psychological needs related to satisfaction and frustration with various types of self-handicapping behaviors. The sample consisted of 518 adults (Mage = 35.87, SD = 10.36), 108 of which (20.8%) declared themselves as male. The instruments used were the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Frustration Scale (BPNSFS), and the Self-Handicapping questionnaire (SH). The results show that the frustrations of the basic psychological needs, on average, correlate more strongly with selfhandicapping behaviors, than with their satisfaction. In addition, in the hierarchical regression models, frustrations of the basic psychological needs prove to be stronger predictors of self-handicapping behaviors than low satisfaction levels of the same needs. In general, competence frustration is the strongest predictor of all forms of self-handicapping behaviors, while relatedness frustration increases in significance in its relation to self-handicapping behaviors in interpersonal relationships. Autonomy frustration shows relevance in explaining all forms of self-handicapping behaviors, although slightly weaker than competence and relatedness frustration. These findings indicate the salience of the frustration of the basic psychological needs in various selfhandicapping behaviors, and provide more detailed information on the value of each basic psychological need in the tested relations.","PeriodicalId":272628,"journal":{"name":"ГОДИШЊАК ЗА ПСИХОЛОГИЈУ","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138945986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.02
Milica Đorđević, Nebojša Milićević
This research examines the informational social influence in situations involving the recognition of the color order. Also, this study examines the differences in selection of the stimuli between the two measures: in the first measure there was no answer from the artist, and in the second, there was. The sample consists of 50 subjects, ages 18 to 65 years (M = 41.5, SD = 15.8). In the first phase, the subjects were shown standard stimuli lasting 1 second, and their task was to remember them and then recognize them among the four offered examples that they were exposed to for 3 seconds. The second phase was identical to the first, and the only difference was the presence of a response given by the artist. The results show that 23% cases were influenced by conformity. The analysis of the subject’s responses to the variable “stimulus selection” shows that there is a statistically significant difference in the average selection of stimuli between the situation with and without the artist’s response (t(49) = -3.06, p = .004, d = -0.432). A negative t-test value shows that subjects would choose the stimulus that the artist marked as correct more often in the situation when it is listed. Further research is recommended that would include the use of a more homogeneous sample in terms of age, the use of experimenter associates and insisting on the personal importance of the involvement of research participants.
{"title":"DOES CONFORMITY REALLY EXIST? EXAMINATION OF INFORMATIONAL SOCIAL INFLUENCE IN THE RECOGNITION OF THE COLOR ORDER","authors":"Milica Đorđević, Nebojša Milićević","doi":"10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.02","url":null,"abstract":"This research examines the informational social influence in situations involving the recognition of the color order. Also, this study examines the differences in selection of the stimuli between the two measures: in the first measure there was no answer from the artist, and in the second, there was. The sample consists of 50 subjects, ages 18 to 65 years (M = 41.5, SD = 15.8). In the first phase, the subjects were shown standard stimuli lasting 1 second, and their task was to remember them and then recognize them among the four offered examples that they were exposed to for 3 seconds. The second phase was identical to the first, and the only difference was the presence of a response given by the artist. The results show that 23% cases were influenced by conformity. The analysis of the subject’s responses to the variable “stimulus selection” shows that there is a statistically significant difference in the average selection of stimuli between the situation with and without the artist’s response (t(49) = -3.06, p = .004, d = -0.432). A negative t-test value shows that subjects would choose the stimulus that the artist marked as correct more often in the situation when it is listed. Further research is recommended that would include the use of a more homogeneous sample in terms of age, the use of experimenter associates and insisting on the personal importance of the involvement of research participants.","PeriodicalId":272628,"journal":{"name":"ГОДИШЊАК ЗА ПСИХОЛОГИЈУ","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138944330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.06
Milica Tasković, Ivana Janković
The aim of this research was to examine the predictive power of the anomie and dimensions of psychological violence in predicting perpetrated physical violence by female adults. The sample was convenient and consisted of 341 female adults, aged 18 to 65 years (M = 25.04, SD = 8.97). Anomie was assessed by the scores on the Perception of Anomie Scale. Violent behavior was assessed by The Violent Behavior Questionnaire among adults (VBQ; dimensions: mocking and making rough jokes, machinations and plotting and insulting and threatening (psychological violence), light hitting, poking, pushing and beating with or without objects (physical violence)). Two hierarchical regression analyses were conducted. In the first model age was included, in the second anomie and in the third dimensions of psychological violence. The results suggest a significant model for light hitting, teasing, pushing away (R2 = .37, F(5,335) = 39.93, p < .001) with anomie (β = .12, p = .006), mocking and making rough jokes (β = .29, p < .001) and insulting and threatening (β = .33, p < .001) being the significant predictors. The results also suggest a significant model for beating with or without objects (R2 = .23, F(5,335) = 20.19, p < .001) with age (β = .15, p = .004), anomie (β = .10, p = .044), machinations and plotting (β = .15, p = .012) and insulting and threatening (β = .29, p < .001) being the significant predictors. The results indicate the connection of different forms of violent behavior. In addition, they show the importance of the wider social context in predicting violent behavior e.g., the personal experience of alienation from society in which the individual lives.
{"title":"ANOMIE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL VIOLENCE AS PREDICTORS OF PERPETRATED PHYSICAL VIOLENCE IN CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS BY FEMALE ADULTS","authors":"Milica Tasković, Ivana Janković","doi":"10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.06","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to examine the predictive power of the anomie and dimensions of psychological violence in predicting perpetrated physical violence by female adults. The sample was convenient and consisted of 341 female adults, aged 18 to 65 years (M = 25.04, SD = 8.97). Anomie was assessed by the scores on the Perception of Anomie Scale. Violent behavior was assessed by The Violent Behavior Questionnaire among adults (VBQ; dimensions: mocking and making rough jokes, machinations and plotting and insulting and threatening (psychological violence), light hitting, poking, pushing and beating with or without objects (physical violence)). Two hierarchical regression analyses were conducted. In the first model age was included, in the second anomie and in the third dimensions of psychological violence. The results suggest a significant model for light hitting, teasing, pushing away (R2 = .37, F(5,335) = 39.93, p < .001) with anomie (β = .12, p = .006), mocking and making rough jokes (β = .29, p < .001) and insulting and threatening (β = .33, p < .001) being the significant predictors. The results also suggest a significant model for beating with or without objects (R2 = .23, F(5,335) = 20.19, p < .001) with age (β = .15, p = .004), anomie (β = .10, p = .044), machinations and plotting (β = .15, p = .012) and insulting and threatening (β = .29, p < .001) being the significant predictors. The results indicate the connection of different forms of violent behavior. In addition, they show the importance of the wider social context in predicting violent behavior e.g., the personal experience of alienation from society in which the individual lives.","PeriodicalId":272628,"journal":{"name":"ГОДИШЊАК ЗА ПСИХОЛОГИЈУ","volume":"28 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138947319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.04
Jelena Lukić, J. Todorovic, Miljana Nikolić, Snežana Vidanović
During adolescence, a young person often faces various developmental crises, increased anxiety, as well as a fluctuating experience of their own identity. Adolescents, as a very heterogeneous group, are nevertheless connected by similar crises they go through, and often by the insecurity of their own identity. The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between anxiety and identity status in two groups of high school students – artistically gifted students and grammar school students, as well as to examine the differences between these groups in terms of analyzed characteristics. The sample was convenient and consisted of 173 respondents (nmale = 45, nfemale = 128), aged 16 to 18 years (M = 16.70, SD = 1.06). A total of 49.7 percent of the respondents attend secondary art schools, while the remaining respondents (50.3%) are grammar school students. The Modified Marcia Identity Questionnaire and the Anxiety Inventory Form – Y were used in this research. The results show that art school students achieve significantly higher scores than grammar school students on the anxiety dimension (t(171) = 4.92; p < 0.05) and lower values on the identity foreclosure dimension (t(171) = -3.01; p < . 05). Anxiety and identity statuses diffusion and moratorium correlate in both groups of respondents. In grammar school students, identity foreclosure correlates with identity diffusion. It can be concluded that grammar school students who achieve higher scores on identity status, identity foreclosure, avoid the unpleasant state of anxiety and thus search less for answers related to their identity and values. However, although they thereby reduce the experience of anxiety, their identity still remains somewhat vague and diffused.
{"title":"IDENTITY STATUS AND ANXIETY IN ARTISTICALLY GIFTED ADOLESCENTS AND GRAMMAR SCHOOL STUDENTS","authors":"Jelena Lukić, J. Todorovic, Miljana Nikolić, Snežana Vidanović","doi":"10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46630/gpsi.20.2023.04","url":null,"abstract":"During adolescence, a young person often faces various developmental crises, increased anxiety, as well as a fluctuating experience of their own identity. Adolescents, as a very heterogeneous group, are nevertheless connected by similar crises they go through, and often by the insecurity of their own identity. The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between anxiety and identity status in two groups of high school students – artistically gifted students and grammar school students, as well as to examine the differences between these groups in terms of analyzed characteristics. The sample was convenient and consisted of 173 respondents (nmale = 45, nfemale = 128), aged 16 to 18 years (M = 16.70, SD = 1.06). A total of 49.7 percent of the respondents attend secondary art schools, while the remaining respondents (50.3%) are grammar school students. The Modified Marcia Identity Questionnaire and the Anxiety Inventory Form – Y were used in this research. The results show that art school students achieve significantly higher scores than grammar school students on the anxiety dimension (t(171) = 4.92; p < 0.05) and lower values on the identity foreclosure dimension (t(171) = -3.01; p < . 05). Anxiety and identity statuses diffusion and moratorium correlate in both groups of respondents. In grammar school students, identity foreclosure correlates with identity diffusion. It can be concluded that grammar school students who achieve higher scores on identity status, identity foreclosure, avoid the unpleasant state of anxiety and thus search less for answers related to their identity and values. However, although they thereby reduce the experience of anxiety, their identity still remains somewhat vague and diffused.","PeriodicalId":272628,"journal":{"name":"ГОДИШЊАК ЗА ПСИХОЛОГИЈУ","volume":"22 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138947076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-26DOI: 10.46630/gpsi.19.2022.06
B. Marinković, Luka Borović
This research aimed to clarify the relationship between adolescent personality traits as measured by “Big Five Plus Two” inventory based on psycholexical studies of Serbian language, and identity status as defined in the theoretical and empirical works of Erik Erikson and James Marcia. The sample of the research consisted of N = 201 adolescents, aged 16 to 21, with an average age of M = 18.32, SD = 1.12. The instruments used were The Ego Identity Process Questionnaire and Big Five Plus Two - short version, an instrument based on lexical studies of Serbian language. Cluster analysis was used to classify adolescents according to identity maturity with an implicit goal of identifying adolescents who are predisposed towards successful or unsuccessful adaptation to identity tasks by their personality traits. The result showed that two clusters could be identified. The first cluster consisted of N = 125 adolescents who scored low on both commitment and exploration and this group was therefore named “undifferentiated identity status adolescents”. Regarding the personality traits, the typical pattern in this cluster was low openness to experience, as well as marked negative valence. The second cluster consisted of N = 76 adolescents which scored high on both commitment and exploration dimensions of identity; the cluster was named “mature identity status adolescents”. Their personality traits patterns were almost the opposite of the first group: high openness to experience and low negative valence were typical of this group. Therefore two conclusions are made from the results: (1) personality dimension openness to experience seems to be especially important in resolving identity tasks in adolescence, and it is possible to suggest that it corresponds to exploration based on their correlation; (2) identity maturity seems to be an important correlate of psychological well-being in adolescence, given that two groups differed sharply on the negative valence dimension and that less mature identity status adolescents typically scored higher scores on this trait. Keywords: identity status, personality traits, adolescence, person-centered approach
{"title":"PERSONALITY TRAITS AND IDENTITY STATUS OF ADOLESCENTS: A PERSON-CENTERED APPROACH","authors":"B. Marinković, Luka Borović","doi":"10.46630/gpsi.19.2022.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46630/gpsi.19.2022.06","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to clarify the relationship between adolescent personality traits as measured by “Big Five Plus Two” inventory based on psycholexical studies of Serbian language, and identity status as defined in the theoretical and empirical works of Erik Erikson and James Marcia. The sample of the research consisted of N = 201 adolescents, aged 16 to 21, with an average age of M = 18.32, SD = 1.12. The instruments used were The Ego Identity Process Questionnaire and Big Five Plus Two - short version, an instrument based on lexical studies of Serbian language. Cluster analysis was used to classify adolescents according to identity maturity with an implicit goal of identifying adolescents who are predisposed towards successful or unsuccessful adaptation to identity tasks by their personality traits. The result showed that two clusters could be identified. The first cluster consisted of N = 125 adolescents who scored low on both commitment and exploration and this group was therefore named “undifferentiated identity status adolescents”. Regarding the personality traits, the typical pattern in this cluster was low openness to experience, as well as marked negative valence. The second cluster consisted of N = 76 adolescents which scored high on both commitment and exploration dimensions of identity; the cluster was named “mature identity status adolescents”. Their personality traits patterns were almost the opposite of the first group: high openness to experience and low negative valence were typical of this group. Therefore two conclusions are made from the results: (1) personality dimension openness to experience seems to be especially important in resolving identity tasks in adolescence, and it is possible to suggest that it corresponds to exploration based on their correlation; (2) identity maturity seems to be an important correlate of psychological well-being in adolescence, given that two groups differed sharply on the negative valence dimension and that less mature identity status adolescents typically scored higher scores on this trait. Keywords: identity status, personality traits, adolescence, person-centered approach","PeriodicalId":272628,"journal":{"name":"ГОДИШЊАК ЗА ПСИХОЛОГИЈУ","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131981773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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