Pub Date : 2020-10-20DOI: 10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264004
Mladen Viher, Igor Štambuk
The practical application of satellite interferometric SAR images for determining the vertical displacement of the soil after a strong earthquake in Zagreb in 2020 is presented. The area affected by the terrain displacements was compared with the tracks of transmission lines for a rapid assessment of their endangering and placing them properly on the list of priorities for in-situ damage checking. In addition to the possibility of using open source satellite imagery, such as ESA Copernicus, it is proposed to use dedicated commercial fine time resolution satellite imagery that can be used operationally during earthquake rescue and remediation actions.
{"title":"Satelite SAR Interferometry in monitoring the Zagreb 2020 Earthquake Threats to the Power Grid at Medvednica Mountain","authors":"Mladen Viher, Igor Štambuk","doi":"10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264004","url":null,"abstract":"The practical application of satellite interferometric SAR images for determining the vertical displacement of the soil after a strong earthquake in Zagreb in 2020 is presented. The area affected by the terrain displacements was compared with the tracks of transmission lines for a rapid assessment of their endangering and placing them properly on the list of priorities for in-situ damage checking. In addition to the possibility of using open source satellite imagery, such as ESA Copernicus, it is proposed to use dedicated commercial fine time resolution satellite imagery that can be used operationally during earthquake rescue and remediation actions.","PeriodicalId":272673,"journal":{"name":"2020 3rd International Colloquium on Intelligent Grid Metrology (SMAGRIMET)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121347185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-20DOI: 10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264023
A. Kunac, G. Petrovic, M. Despalatović, M. Jurčević
In this paper a low-budget single-phase voltage waveform simulator based on the NI PCI-6071E DAQ card and desktop PC with real-time Phar Lap operating system has been presented. Program for generating waveforms in accordance to the IEC standard 61000-4-13, with harmonics of variable frequency, amplitude and phase, has been implemented in the LabViewRt environment. Calibration of DAQ card internal clock has been performed to increase the accuracy of the generated voltage waveform frequency. In order to achieve consistent system operation, DAQ card internal temperature sensor has been used to compensate clock frequency drift caused by local ambient temperature variations. For verification purposes, one of algorithms for the frequency estimation based on the linear Kalman filter has been deployed to target PC. Experimental results in steady-state and dynamics have also been presented. The estimated frequency of the generated signal matches very well with the values obtained by the digital multimeter used for calibration procedure.
{"title":"A Laboratory Setup for Testing Frequency Estimation Algorithms Implemented on Real-Time Target","authors":"A. Kunac, G. Petrovic, M. Despalatović, M. Jurčević","doi":"10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264023","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a low-budget single-phase voltage waveform simulator based on the NI PCI-6071E DAQ card and desktop PC with real-time Phar Lap operating system has been presented. Program for generating waveforms in accordance to the IEC standard 61000-4-13, with harmonics of variable frequency, amplitude and phase, has been implemented in the LabViewRt environment. Calibration of DAQ card internal clock has been performed to increase the accuracy of the generated voltage waveform frequency. In order to achieve consistent system operation, DAQ card internal temperature sensor has been used to compensate clock frequency drift caused by local ambient temperature variations. For verification purposes, one of algorithms for the frequency estimation based on the linear Kalman filter has been deployed to target PC. Experimental results in steady-state and dynamics have also been presented. The estimated frequency of the generated signal matches very well with the values obtained by the digital multimeter used for calibration procedure.","PeriodicalId":272673,"journal":{"name":"2020 3rd International Colloquium on Intelligent Grid Metrology (SMAGRIMET)","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121392816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-20DOI: 10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264003
C. Mester
In the framework of the EMPIR project MyRails, METAS developed a primary standard for electrical power using commercial off-the-shelf components. Custom software controls the sampling system and determines amplitude and phase of the different frequency components of voltage and current. The system operates from DC up to 9kHz, even with distorted signals. The power uncertainty is 15 µW/VA at power frequencies and increases to 1.8 mW/VA at 9kHz. The voltage and current channels can also be used independently to calibrate power quality instruments. Thanks to a time-stamping system, the measurement is synchronised to UTC.
{"title":"Sampling primary power standard from DC up to 9 kHz using commercial off-the-shelf components","authors":"C. Mester","doi":"10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264003","url":null,"abstract":"In the framework of the EMPIR project MyRails, METAS developed a primary standard for electrical power using commercial off-the-shelf components. Custom software controls the sampling system and determines amplitude and phase of the different frequency components of voltage and current. The system operates from DC up to 9kHz, even with distorted signals. The power uncertainty is 15 µW/VA at power frequencies and increases to 1.8 mW/VA at 9kHz. The voltage and current channels can also be used independently to calibrate power quality instruments. Thanks to a time-stamping system, the measurement is synchronised to UTC.","PeriodicalId":272673,"journal":{"name":"2020 3rd International Colloquium on Intelligent Grid Metrology (SMAGRIMET)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132095652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-20DOI: 10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264024
R. Rubesa, I. Ivanković, Marko Rekic, D. Brnobic, Vedran Grudenić, N. Holjevac
The power system is an example of a nonlinear system with many different oscillation sources and accordingly many oscillation types, including electromechanical oscillations, oscillations caused by control elements, or subsynchronous oscillations. The estimation of oscillation types in the power system gives a direct insight into the state of the system stability. The ability to estimate oscillations in real time is facilitated by installing a Wide Area Monitoring System (WAM), which enables accurate metering with accurate timestamps. The HOPS synchrophasor concentrator, in addition to its main role of collecting and processing synchrophasor measurements, has an electromechanical oscillation analysis module. This paper describes the oscillation detection tool for historical data with an aim to develop real time oscillation detection system for potentially unstable events in real-time.
{"title":"On Line Electromechanical Oscillations Detection in Transmission Network with Synchrophasor","authors":"R. Rubesa, I. Ivanković, Marko Rekic, D. Brnobic, Vedran Grudenić, N. Holjevac","doi":"10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264024","url":null,"abstract":"The power system is an example of a nonlinear system with many different oscillation sources and accordingly many oscillation types, including electromechanical oscillations, oscillations caused by control elements, or subsynchronous oscillations. The estimation of oscillation types in the power system gives a direct insight into the state of the system stability. The ability to estimate oscillations in real time is facilitated by installing a Wide Area Monitoring System (WAM), which enables accurate metering with accurate timestamps. The HOPS synchrophasor concentrator, in addition to its main role of collecting and processing synchrophasor measurements, has an electromechanical oscillation analysis module. This paper describes the oscillation detection tool for historical data with an aim to develop real time oscillation detection system for potentially unstable events in real-time.","PeriodicalId":272673,"journal":{"name":"2020 3rd International Colloquium on Intelligent Grid Metrology (SMAGRIMET)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115865931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-20DOI: 10.23919/smagrimet48809.2020.9264001
{"title":"Proceedings of 2020 3rd International Colloquium on Intelligent Grid Metrology (SMAGRIMET 2020)","authors":"","doi":"10.23919/smagrimet48809.2020.9264001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/smagrimet48809.2020.9264001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":272673,"journal":{"name":"2020 3rd International Colloquium on Intelligent Grid Metrology (SMAGRIMET)","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115700845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-20DOI: 10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264021
P. Mostarac, Korina Hrkać, R. Malarić, Ivica Kunšt
This paper is presenting the preliminary results of testing new AC foil resistive current transducer. Foil Resistive current transducer is developed at Faculty of electrical engineering and computing in Department of electrical engineering and measurements. Foil current shunt is compared with cage shunts. The results of amplitude and phase frequency analysis are presented.
{"title":"Development and frequency analysis of AC foil resistive current transducer - preliminary results","authors":"P. Mostarac, Korina Hrkać, R. Malarić, Ivica Kunšt","doi":"10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264021","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is presenting the preliminary results of testing new AC foil resistive current transducer. Foil Resistive current transducer is developed at Faculty of electrical engineering and computing in Department of electrical engineering and measurements. Foil current shunt is compared with cage shunts. The results of amplitude and phase frequency analysis are presented.","PeriodicalId":272673,"journal":{"name":"2020 3rd International Colloquium on Intelligent Grid Metrology (SMAGRIMET)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122553729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-20DOI: 10.23919/smagrimet48809.2020.9263994
Dr.ir. Gert Rietveld
Intelligent Grid Metrology: Measurement Science for a Reliable Electricity Supply
智能电网计量:可靠供电的测量科学
{"title":"Intelligent Grid Metrology: Measurement Science for a Reliable Electricity Supply","authors":"Dr.ir. Gert Rietveld","doi":"10.23919/smagrimet48809.2020.9263994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/smagrimet48809.2020.9263994","url":null,"abstract":"Intelligent Grid Metrology: Measurement Science for a Reliable Electricity Supply","PeriodicalId":272673,"journal":{"name":"2020 3rd International Colloquium on Intelligent Grid Metrology (SMAGRIMET)","volume":"182 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121046778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-20DOI: 10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264020
I. Ivanković, D. Brnobic, R. Rubesa, Marko Rekic
Wide area monitoring system (WAMS) installed in Croatian Transmission system operator (HOPS) control center collects and process synchrophasor data in real time. There are ongoing activities on continuous, incremental and gradual upgrading of existing WAMS with new protection functions and control algorithms towards WAMPAC system. This paper describes line differential protection based on synchrophasor data and implemented on PDC server running in control room. In the first phase, the algorithm was applied to historical synchrophasor data. That check revealed that estimation block in PMUs at both line ends must implement the same estimation technique. Because of this finding, only lines with the same PMU type on both ends were selected for real-time performance test in the second phase. Several months long performance test successfully confirmed a soundness of concept and its implementation. It was proven in practice that new algorithm can be used as an effective tool for validation of basic protection performance and a solid foundation for development and implementation of backup protection.
{"title":"Line Differential Protection with Synchrophasor Data in WAMPAC System in Control Room","authors":"I. Ivanković, D. Brnobic, R. Rubesa, Marko Rekic","doi":"10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264020","url":null,"abstract":"Wide area monitoring system (WAMS) installed in Croatian Transmission system operator (HOPS) control center collects and process synchrophasor data in real time. There are ongoing activities on continuous, incremental and gradual upgrading of existing WAMS with new protection functions and control algorithms towards WAMPAC system. This paper describes line differential protection based on synchrophasor data and implemented on PDC server running in control room. In the first phase, the algorithm was applied to historical synchrophasor data. That check revealed that estimation block in PMUs at both line ends must implement the same estimation technique. Because of this finding, only lines with the same PMU type on both ends were selected for real-time performance test in the second phase. Several months long performance test successfully confirmed a soundness of concept and its implementation. It was proven in practice that new algorithm can be used as an effective tool for validation of basic protection performance and a solid foundation for development and implementation of backup protection.","PeriodicalId":272673,"journal":{"name":"2020 3rd International Colloquium on Intelligent Grid Metrology (SMAGRIMET)","volume":"606 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131423690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-20DOI: 10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264006
V. Temkina, A. Medvedev, Alexey Mayzel, A. Mokeev, E. Sivolenko
There is a traditional approach of implementing the robust, reliable and critical systems with several separate redundant hardware modules, achieving the required level of readiness and fail safety. However, the modern era of digital everything shifted the focus to software implementation of all the complicated systems, including critical ones. This shift allows eliminating expensive hardware redundancy with independent software modules, running on fewer hardware pieces, making it easier to fix issues, upgrade functionality and introduce new features to the existing installations. In the Power Grid this shift can be seen broadly starting with consumer side, represented with devices basically known as Internet of Things (IoT), to the Power Stations and Substations, that use an implementation called Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), particularly Digital Substation model. In terms of critical systems this means that for example a digital relay protection device may as well perform as commercial electricity meter, running an appropriate software module, while equipped with precise and reliable sensor. The following article describes the attempt of improving a Fiber-Optic Current Sensor technology to correspond the needs of all protection, control and electricity metering systems. This includes the sensitivity, dynamic and static range, response time, measurement accuracy, environmental operation conditions, safety and reliability.
{"title":"Improvement of Fiber-Optic Current Sensor Technology for Relay Protection and Commercial Metering in Power Grid","authors":"V. Temkina, A. Medvedev, Alexey Mayzel, A. Mokeev, E. Sivolenko","doi":"10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264006","url":null,"abstract":"There is a traditional approach of implementing the robust, reliable and critical systems with several separate redundant hardware modules, achieving the required level of readiness and fail safety. However, the modern era of digital everything shifted the focus to software implementation of all the complicated systems, including critical ones. This shift allows eliminating expensive hardware redundancy with independent software modules, running on fewer hardware pieces, making it easier to fix issues, upgrade functionality and introduce new features to the existing installations. In the Power Grid this shift can be seen broadly starting with consumer side, represented with devices basically known as Internet of Things (IoT), to the Power Stations and Substations, that use an implementation called Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), particularly Digital Substation model. In terms of critical systems this means that for example a digital relay protection device may as well perform as commercial electricity meter, running an appropriate software module, while equipped with precise and reliable sensor. The following article describes the attempt of improving a Fiber-Optic Current Sensor technology to correspond the needs of all protection, control and electricity metering systems. This includes the sensitivity, dynamic and static range, response time, measurement accuracy, environmental operation conditions, safety and reliability.","PeriodicalId":272673,"journal":{"name":"2020 3rd International Colloquium on Intelligent Grid Metrology (SMAGRIMET)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122973109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-20DOI: 10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264010
Christoph NieB, J. Kitzig, G. Bumiller
An algorithm to locate the rising edge zero crossings of the mains fundamental while working in the frequency domain is presented and evaluated. Working in the frequency domain allows easy compensation of the effects of the coupling between the measurement equipment and the power line. Using a modified Discrete Fourier Transform with a raised cosine filter kernel greatly increases frequency selectivity of the generated phasors, especially when measuring noncyclic signals. Zero crossings are located from the gradient of the phase of the mains fundamental and collected as points in time as well as sample indices.
{"title":"Phasor Based Zero Crossing Detection of the Mains Fundamental","authors":"Christoph NieB, J. Kitzig, G. Bumiller","doi":"10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/SMAGRIMET48809.2020.9264010","url":null,"abstract":"An algorithm to locate the rising edge zero crossings of the mains fundamental while working in the frequency domain is presented and evaluated. Working in the frequency domain allows easy compensation of the effects of the coupling between the measurement equipment and the power line. Using a modified Discrete Fourier Transform with a raised cosine filter kernel greatly increases frequency selectivity of the generated phasors, especially when measuring noncyclic signals. Zero crossings are located from the gradient of the phase of the mains fundamental and collected as points in time as well as sample indices.","PeriodicalId":272673,"journal":{"name":"2020 3rd International Colloquium on Intelligent Grid Metrology (SMAGRIMET)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126405658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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